--- /dev/null
+#This file was created by <mike> Tue Jan 25 11:50:08 2000
+#LyX 1.0 (C) 1995-1999 Matthias Ettrich and the LyX Team
+\lyxformat 2.15
+\textclass article
+\begin_preamble
+\usepackage{multicol}
+\end_preamble
+\language default
+\inputencoding default
+\fontscheme default
+\graphics default
+\paperfontsize default
+\spacing single
+\papersize Default
+\paperpackage a4
+\use_geometry 0
+\use_amsmath 0
+\paperorientation portrait
+\secnumdepth 3
+\tocdepth 3
+\paragraph_separation indent
+\defskip medskip
+\quotes_language english
+\quotes_times 2
+\papercolumns 1
+\papersides 1
+\paperpagestyle default
+
+\layout Title
+
+Multiple Columns
+\layout Author
+
+by
+\noun on
+Lars Gullik Bjønnes
+\layout Section
+
+Purpose
+\layout Standard
+
+The aim for this chapter is to show how the LaTeX package
+\family typewriter
+multicol
+\family default
+ can be used in a LyX document.
+ As LyX doesn't support the
+\family typewriter
+multicol
+\family default
+ package natively yet, we have to use some small hacks.
+ By reading this section it should be obvious how to do this.
+\layout Subsection
+
+Limitations
+\layout Standard
+
+The
+\family typewriter
+multicol
+\family default
+ package allows switching between one and multicolumn format on the same
+ page.
+ Footnotes are handled correctly (for the most part), but will be placed
+ at the bottom of the page and not under each column.
+ LaTeX's float mechanism, however, is partly disabled in the current implementat
+ion.
+ At the moment only page-wide floats can be used within the scope of the
+ environment.
+\layout Subsection
+
+Examples
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Two columns
+\layout Standard
+\added_space_bottom -2ex
+If you want to have two columns in your text, you have use LaTeX mode to
+ insert
+\family typewriter
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\family default
+ at the point where you want the two column layout to start, and then
+\family typewriter
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\family default
+ where you want it to end.
+ Like this:
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\layout Standard
+\noindent
+
+\series bold
+\size small
+The Adventure of the Empty House
+\series default
+
+\newline
+by
+\noun on
+Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested, and
+ the fashionable world dismayed, by the murder of the Honourable Ronald
+ Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances.
+ The public has already learned those particulars of the crime which came
+ out in the police investigation, but a good deal was suppressed upon that
+ occasion, since the case for the prosecution was so overwhelmingly strong
+ that it was not necessary to bring forward all the facts.
+ Only now, at the end of nearly ten years, am I allowed to supply those
+ missing links which make up the whole of that remarkable chain.
+ The crime was of interest in itself, but that interest was as nothing to
+ me compared to the inconceivable sequel, which afforded me the greatest
+ shock and surprise of any event in my adventurous life.
+ Even now, after this long interval, I find myself thrilling as I think
+ of it, and feeling once more that sudden flood of joy, amazement, and increduli
+ty which utterly submerged my mind.
+ Let me say to that public, which has shown some interest in those glimpses
+ which I have occasionally given them of the thoughts and actions of a very
+ remarkable man, that they are not to blame me if I have not shared my knowledge
+ with them, for I should have considered it my first duty to do so, had
+ I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips, which was
+ only withdrawn upon the third of last month.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Multiple columns
+\layout Standard
+\added_space_bottom -2ex
+The same pattern is used when you want more than two columns.
+ (You can have more than 3 columns if you want , but that might not be very
+ pleasant for the eye.)
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{3}
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested
+ me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to
+ read with care the various problems which came before the public.
+ And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction,
+ to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success.
+ There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald
+ Adair.
+ As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful
+ murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly
+ than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the
+ death of Sherlock Holmes.
+ There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure,
+ have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have
+ been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation
+ and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe.
+ All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and
+ found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate.
+ At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts
+ as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Columns inside columns
+\layout Standard
+\added_space_bottom -2ex
+You can even have columns inside columns:
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\layout Standard
+\added_space_bottom -2ex
+
+\size footnotesize
+The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth,
+ at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies.
+ Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for
+ cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together
+ at 427 Park Lane.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+The youth moved in the best society--had, so far as was known, no enemies
+ and no particular vices.
+ He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement
+ had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was
+ no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it.
+ For the rest {sic} the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle,
+ for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional.
+ Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most
+ strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty
+ on the night of March 30, 1894.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Ronald Adair was fond of cards--playing continually, but never for such
+ stakes as would hurt him.
+ He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs.
+ It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played
+ a rubber of whist at the latter club.
+ He had also played there in the afternoon.
+
+\size default
+
+\size footnotesize
+The evidence of those who had played with him-- Mr.
+ Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran--showed that the game was whist,
+ and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards.
+ Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more.
+ His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way
+ affect him.
+ He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious
+ player, and usually rose a winner.
+ It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had
+ actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some
+ weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral.
+ So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Subsection
+
+Advanced Examples
+\layout Standard
+
+As you probably know
+\family typewriter
+multicol
+\family default
+ has several customizing variables.
+ The following examples shows how these can be used from LyX.
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Preface and Skip
+\layout Standard
+
+If there is less than 5cm left on the page, a page break will be inserted
+ before this bit, which has a preface text above the two columns:
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}[
+\latex default
+And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+
+\latex latex
+][5cm]
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten.
+ His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation.
+ The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second
+ floor, generally used as his sitting-room.
+ She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window.
+ No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return
+ of Lady Maynooth and her daughter.
+ Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room.
+ The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their
+ cries and knocking.
+ Help was obtained, and the door forced.
+ The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table.
+ His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but
+ no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room.
+ On the table lay two bank notes for ten pounds each and seventeen pounds
+ ten in silver and gold, the money arranged in little piles of varying amount.
+ There were some figures also upon a sheet of paper, with the names of some
+ club friends opposite to them, from which it was conjectured that before
+ his death he was endeavouring to make out his losses or winnings at cards.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Preface and sections
+\layout Standard
+
+What if you want the preface to be a sectioning command? That can be done,
+ but only through LaTeX commands inside the parameters for the
+\family typewriter
+multicols
+\family default
+ command.
+ Because of this, the section command can not be provided by LyX:
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}[
+\backslash
+subsubsection{
+\latex default
+This is the sectioning command as a preface
+\latex latex
+}][5cm]
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more
+ complex.
+ In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have
+ fastened the door upon the inside.
+ There was the possibility that the murderer had done this, and had afterwards
+ escaped by the window.
+ The drop was at least twenty feet, however, and a bed of crocuses in full
+ bloom lay beneath.
+ Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed,
+ nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated
+ the house from the road.
+ Apparently, therefore, it was the young man himself who had fastened the
+ door.
+ But how did he come by his death? No one could have climbed up to the window
+ without leaving traces.
+ Suppose a man had fired through the window, he would indeed be a remarkable
+ shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound.
+ Again, Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare; there is a cab stand within
+ a hundred yards of the house.
+ No one had heard a shot.
+ And yet there was the dead man and there the revolver bullet, which had
+ mushroomed out, as soft-nosed bullets will, and so inflicted a wound which
+ must have caused instantaneous death.
+ Such were the circumstances of the Park Lane Mystery, which were further
+ complicated by entire absence of motive, since, as I have said, young Adair
+ was not known to have any enemy, and no attempt had been made to remove
+ the money or valuables in the room.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Free Space
+\layout Standard
+
+The
+\family typewriter
+multicol
+\family default
+ package demands that a certain amount of space is available before and
+ after a multicolumn section.
+ In addition
+\family typewriter
+multicol
+\family default
+ inserts a given space in front of and after the multicol section.
+ The commands to change the default settings for this must be given just
+ before the
+\family typewriter
+
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}
+\family default
+.
+ This example puts a space of 3 cm in front of and after the multicolumn
+ text:
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multicolsep}{3cm}
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some
+ theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc
+e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat
+ion.
+ I confess that I made little progress.
+ In the evening I strolled across the Park, and found myself about six o'clock
+ at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane.
+ A group of loafers upon the pavements, all staring up at a particular window,
+ directed me to the house which I had come to see.
+ A tall, thin man with coloured glasses, whom I strongly suspected of being
+ a plain-clothes detective, was pointing out some theory of his own, while
+ the others crowded round to listen to what he said.
+ I got as near him as I could, but his observations seemed to me to be absurd,
+ so I withdrew again in some disgust.
+ As I did so I struck against an elderly, deformed man, who had been behind
+ me, and I knocked down several books which he was carrying.
+ I remember that as I picked them up, I observed the title of one of them,
+ THE ORIGIN OF TREE WORSHIP, and it struck me that the fellow must be some
+ poor bibliophile, who, either as a trade or as a hobby, was a collector
+ of obscure volumes.
+ I endeavoured to apologize for the accident, but it was evident that these
+ books which I had so unfortunately maltreated were very precious objects
+ in the eyes of their owner.
+ With a snarl of contempt he turned upon his heel, and I saw his curved
+ back and white side-whiskers disappear among the throng.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Paragraph
+
+Note:
+\layout Standard
+
+The values you set with
+\family typewriter
+
+\backslash
+setlength
+\family default
+ must be reset to default after use, or you will get the modified value
+ in the rest of your document.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multicolsep}{13pt}
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Column Width and Separation
+\layout Standard
+
+The width of the columns inside the
+\family sans
+multicols
+\family default
+ environment is automatically calculated, but you can modify the space between
+ two columns explicitly.
+ The space between the following two columns is 3 cm wide:
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnsep}{3cm}
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+My observations of No.
+ 427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested.
+ The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the
+ whole not more than five feet high.
+ It was perfectly easy, therefore, for anyone to get into the garden, but
+ the window was entirely inaccessible, since there was no water pipe or
+ anything which could help the most active man to climb it.
+ More puzzled than ever, I retraced my steps to Kensington.
+ I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that
+ a person desired to see me.
+ To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector,
+ his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his
+ precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Standard
+
+Once again, we have to reset the value after use to avoid using it in the
+ rest of the document.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnsep}{10pt}
+\layout Subsubsection
+
+Vertical Lines
+\layout Standard
+
+Between every two columns, a rule of width
+\family typewriter
+
+\backslash
+columnseprule
+\family default
+ is placed.
+ If this rule is set to 0 pt, the rule is suppressed.
+ In the following example, the line separating the two columns is 2 pt wide.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnseprule}{2pt}
+\backslash
+begin{multicols}{2}
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+You're surprised to see me, sir,
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ said he, in a strange, croaking voice.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+I acknowledged that I was.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this
+ house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step
+ in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff
+ in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to
+ him for picking up my books.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+You make too much of a trifle,
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ said I.
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+May I ask how you knew who I was?
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for
+ you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very
+ happy to see you, I am sure.
+ Maybe you collect yourself, sir.
+ Here's
+\noun on
+British
+\protected_separator
+Birds
+\noun default
+, and
+\noun on
+Catullus
+\noun default
+, and
+\noun on
+The Holy War
+\noun default
+--a bargain, every one of them.
+ With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf.
+ It looks untidy, does it not, sir?
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+end{multicols}
+\layout Standard
+
+As usual, we reset the value after use.
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\latex latex
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnseprule}{0pt}
+\layout Standard
+
+You'll have to go to the library to read the rest of the story.
+\begin_float footnote
+\layout Standard
+
+\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+or cheat like we did and find it at the Gutenberg project somewhere on the
+ Web.
+\end_float
+ Believe it or not, but it's actually a bit of a cliff-hanger at this point
+ in the story\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+
+\the_end
projects / features.git / commitdiff