X-Git-Url: https://git.lyx.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=lib%2Fdoc%2FUserGuide.lyx;h=6d27840353510733887781aa33f89eeb31c0e6b8;hb=a3780f8939bb4d32d4088274cbc1d9e7dfc52108;hp=aade685e3fe32fdfe1c74fe30387a2723c0caa4d;hpb=5dca4abb09ae9518eeee82743c65a2f93ee2aae0;p=lyx.git diff --git a/lib/doc/UserGuide.lyx b/lib/doc/UserGuide.lyx index aade685e3f..6d27840353 100644 --- a/lib/doc/UserGuide.lyx +++ b/lib/doc/UserGuide.lyx @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -#LyX 2.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ -\lyxformat 544 +#LyX 2.4 created this file. For more info see https://www.lyx.org/ +\lyxformat 575 \begin_document \begin_header \save_transient_properties true @@ -52,15 +52,16 @@ \begin_modules customHeadersFooters enumitem +logicalmkup \end_modules \maintain_unincluded_children false \language english \language_package default -\inputencoding auto -\fontencoding global +\inputencoding utf8 +\fontencoding auto \font_roman "lmodern" "default" -\font_sans "lmss" "default" -\font_typewriter "lmtt" "default" +\font_sans "default" "default" +\font_typewriter "default" "default" \font_math "auto" "auto" \font_default_family default \use_non_tex_fonts false @@ -71,10 +72,12 @@ enumitem \use_microtype false \use_dash_ligatures false \graphics default -\default_output_format pdf2 +\default_output_format default \output_sync 0 \bibtex_command bibtex \index_command default +\float_placement class +\float_alignment class \paperfontsize 12 \spacing single \use_hyperref true @@ -114,6 +117,8 @@ enumitem \justification true \use_refstyle 1 \use_minted 0 +\use_lineno 0 +\lineno_options \notefontcolor #0000ff \branch Question \selected 1 @@ -140,12 +145,15 @@ enumitem \papercolumns 1 \papersides 2 \paperpagestyle default +\tablestyle default \tracking_changes true \output_changes false \html_math_output 0 \html_css_as_file 0 \html_be_strict true +\author -1402925745 "Günter Milde" \author -712698321 "Jürgen Spitzmüller" +\author 5863208 "ab" \end_header \begin_body @@ -621,6 +629,22 @@ Open \end_inset Recent +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352530 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352546 + +\family sans +Open +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Example +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize @@ -635,6 +659,18 @@ arg "view-close" \end_inset +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353355 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353357 + +\family sans +Close All +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize @@ -675,6 +711,26 @@ arg "buffer-write-as" \end_inset +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352570 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352997 + +\family sans +Save +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +As +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Template +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize @@ -722,8 +778,25 @@ from Template \family default command lists the available templates. - Selecting a template will automatically set certain layout features for - the document, features you would otherwise need to change manually. + Selecting a template will automatically set certain layout features +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353491 +and possibly propose text fragments +\change_unchanged +for the document, features +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353500 +and text +\change_unchanged +you would otherwise need to +\change_deleted -712698321 1553353510 +change +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353510 +set +\change_unchanged + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353505 +or enter +\change_unchanged +manually. They can be of use for certain classes, especially those for writing letters (see section \begin_inset space ~ @@ -737,6 +810,18 @@ reference "sec:Document-Classes" \end_inset ). + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353657 + You can also add your own templates to this list by means of storing a + \SpecialChar LyX + file with the +\family sans +File\SpecialChar menuseparator +Save As Template +\family default + function. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -2052,6 +2137,7 @@ reference "tab:Horizontal-scrollong-test" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -3359,7 +3445,13 @@ Modules are to \SpecialChar LyX If you often find yourself needing the same sort of thing in different documents, you should consider writing a module for this purpose. Sometimes, however, a particular document has very special needs, but you - need a specific inset or character style only that one time. + need a specific inset or +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757388 +character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757388 +text +\change_unchanged + style only that one time. You want something that is like a document's own \SpecialChar LaTeX preamble. What you want is \SpecialChar LyX @@ -7786,6 +7878,8 @@ Abstract \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -8336,12 +8430,14 @@ Verbatim \end_layout \begin_layout Verbatim + This is Verbatim. \end_layout \begin_layout Verbatim \noindent \align block + The following 2 lines are empty: \end_layout @@ -8354,6 +8450,7 @@ The following 2 lines are empty: \end_layout \begin_layout Verbatim + Almost everything is allowed in Verbatim:"%&$§#~'` \backslash }][{| @@ -8377,6 +8474,7 @@ Verbatim \end_layout \begin_layout Verbatim* + This is Verbatim*. \end_layout @@ -10528,20 +10626,19 @@ enumeration To split an existing list into two lists, set the cursor at the end of a list item and use the menu \family sans -Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator -Start New Environment +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Separated Above \family default -. - This inserts a plain separator (red line in \SpecialChar LyX -) and behind it the new list. - The menu + or \family sans -Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator -Start New Parent Environment + Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Separated Below \family default - only appears if the item is nested. - It does not only separate the list but also creates a new one outside the - nesting. +. + This inserts a plain separator (red line in \SpecialChar LyX +) and before or behind it the + new list. + Inside nested environments, it is also possible to split the outer environment. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -11088,6 +11185,8 @@ reference "tab:Width-of-the" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -12599,7 +12698,13 @@ To see which fonts are used in a PDF-document, look at its document properties. \begin_layout Standard Many modern typesetting and markup languages have begun to move towards - specifying character styles rather than specifying a particular font. + specifying +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757415 +character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757415 +text +\change_unchanged + styles rather than specifying a particular font. For example, instead of changing to an italicized version of the current font to emphasize text, you use an \begin_inset Quotes eld @@ -12844,8 +12949,19 @@ Default Default, \family default the font that is preset by the current document class is used. - With LyX's default font encoding, this is a look-alike of the standard - \SpecialChar TeX + With LyX's +\change_deleted -712698321 1524413696 +default +\change_inserted -712698321 1524413700 +automatic +\change_unchanged + font encoding, this is +\change_inserted -712698321 1524413733 +, depending on the document language, +\change_unchanged + +\change_inserted -712698321 1524413747 +either the the standard \SpecialChar TeX font \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -12866,7 +12982,36 @@ Modern \family typewriter cm \family default -): either +) or +\change_unchanged +a look-alike of +\change_deleted -712698321 1524413754 + the standard \SpecialChar TeX + font +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + + +\family typewriter +Computer +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Modern +\family default + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + ( +\family typewriter +cm +\family default +) +\change_inserted -712698321 1524413756 + this font +\change_unchanged +: either \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -13246,6 +13391,8 @@ status collapsed \end_inset + +\change_deleted -712698321 1524413571 (see also section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -13257,11 +13404,19 @@ reference "subsec:LaTeX-settings" \end_inset -). +) +\change_unchanged +. Normally, you do not need to change (or even understand) this. Unless you have specific reasons, use +\change_deleted -712698321 1524413471 + \family sans Default +\change_inserted -712698321 1524413474 +Automatic +\change_unchanged + \family default . \end_layout @@ -13369,11 +13524,41 @@ status collapsed \end_inset . - The option + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The option \family sans -Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures +Disallow line breaks after dashes \family default - outputs en- and em-dashes as ligatures (--, ---) instead of a sigle character. + outputs en- and em-dashes as literal characters +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Or \SpecialChar LaTeX + macro, if the literal character is not supported by the \SpecialChar LaTeX + input encoding. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + instead of ligatures (--, ---) (see section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Dashes-and-line-breaks" +plural "false" +caps "false" +noprefix "false" + +\end_inset + +). \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -13564,7 +13749,24 @@ Modern \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection -Using Different Character Styles +Using Different +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757119 +Character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757120 +Text +\change_unchanged + Styles +\change_inserted -712698321 1525595783 + +\begin_inset CommandInset label +LatexCommand label +name "subsec:charstyles" + +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged + \begin_inset Index idx status collapsed @@ -13589,20 +13791,238 @@ Text Style \begin_layout Standard As we've already seen, \SpecialChar LyX - automatically changes the character style for certain - paragraph environments. - \SpecialChar LyX - supports two character styles, -\family sans + automatically changes the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525601052 +character +\change_unchanged +style for certain paragraph environments. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757169 + In this section, we will explain how the style of selected text passages + can by changed. + This is where we meet the concept of +\emph on +text styles +\emph default +. + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525601099 + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525601099 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525595930 +By default, +\change_unchanged +\SpecialChar LyX + supports two +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757160 +character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757161 +text +\change_unchanged + styles, +\emph on Emphasized -\family default +\emph default and +\noun on +Noun +\noun default +. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757189 +These are +\emph on +builtin +\emph default +, i. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +e., available with all document classes. + On top of that, some document classes and modules provide +\emph on +custom text styles +\emph default + for specific purposes. + We describe both types of text styles in a minute. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757201 +Before we do that, though, allow us just a few words of what we mean by + +\emph on +text styles +\emph default + in contrast to +\emph on +text properties +\emph default +. + Traditional word processors used to focus on so-called +\emph on +formal markup +\emph default +: if you wanted to emphasize a word, you selected it and chose e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +bold style +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + — you customized the +\emph on +text properties +\emph default +. + Modern processors, \SpecialChar LyX + among them, encourage the use of +\emph on +semantic +\emph default +(or +\emph on +logical +\emph default +) +\emph on +markup +\emph default + instead (although formal markup is still possible; see section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Fine-Tuning-with-the" + +\end_inset + +). + Rather than fiddling with +\emph on +text properties +\emph default +, they encourage the use of +\emph on +text styles +\emph default +, who are defined with regard to their function (e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g., +\begin_inset Quotes els +\end_inset + +emphasize +\begin_inset Quotes ers +\end_inset + +), not their form ( +\begin_inset Quotes els +\end_inset + +bold +\begin_inset Quotes ers +\end_inset + +). + There are many advantages of the semantic approach. + To begin with, using functional categories keeps you thinking about why + you are actually marking up, if your markup is consistent and systematic, + and whether this particular markup makes sense. + On a more practical level, it is easy to change the appearance if needed. + Consider the case when you are writing a paper and set all proper names + in +\shape smallcaps +small caps +\shape default + via formal markup. + Now if the publisher requests to have names appear differently (e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g., in normal font, or ALL-CAPS), you would have to change any single occurrence. + With a semantic markup (such as +\noun on +noun +\noun default +; see below), you'd just need to change the definition of \family sans Noun \family default + once and for all. + It's a ten second change (if you know how to change the \SpecialChar LaTeX + definition). + Moreover, semantic markup even allows you to produce different versions + of a document, using different markup semantics. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757213 +With that in mind, we now turn to the semantic text styles that are provided + by \SpecialChar LyX . - You can activate both of these styles via key bindings, the menus, and - the toolbar. +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757220 +Builtin Text Styles +\begin_inset CommandInset label +LatexCommand label +name "subsec:Builtin-Character-Styles" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757226 +The two builtin text styles can be +\change_deleted -712698321 1525596489 +You can +\change_unchanged +activate +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596491 +d +\change_unchanged + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525596494 +both of these styles +\change_unchanged +via +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596436 +the +\family sans +Text Style +\family default + dialog, +\change_unchanged +key bindings +\change_deleted -712698321 1525596045 +, the menus +\change_unchanged +, and the toolbar. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -13631,6 +14051,43 @@ arg "font-noun" \end_inset +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596051 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596318 +use the +\family sans +Text Style +\family default + dialog ( +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Info +type "icon" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + +) as described in section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Fine-Tuning-with-the" + +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -13662,10 +14119,34 @@ Matthias Ettrich \end_inset +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598183 + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -A more widely used character style is the + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598323 +By default, +\family sans +Noun +\family default + is producing text in +\shape smallcaps +Small Caps +\shape default +, but the definition can be changed. +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +A more widely used +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757229 +character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757229 +text +\change_unchanged + style is the \family sans Emphasized \family default @@ -13695,6 +14176,43 @@ arg "font-emph" \end_inset +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596078 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596340 +use the +\family sans +Text Style +\family default + dialog ( +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Info +type "icon" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + +) as described in section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Fine-Tuning-with-the" + +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -13703,8 +14221,18 @@ Normally the Emphasized \family default style is equivalent to an italic font but some document classes or \SpecialChar LaTeX --packages - use a different font. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598370 + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525598370 +- +\change_unchanged +packages use a different font +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598396 +, and you can also customize it yourself by changing the \SpecialChar LaTeX + definition +\change_unchanged +. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -13719,25 +14247,61 @@ Emphasized \begin_layout Quotation \emph on -Do not overuse character styles! +Do not overuse +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757231 +character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757231 +text +\change_unchanged + styles! \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It's also a warning in addition to an example. One's writing should parallel ordinary conversation. Since we don't all constantly scream at each other, we should also avoid - the common tendency to overuse character styles. + the common tendency to overuse +\change_deleted -712698321 1525757236 +character +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757236 +text +\change_unchanged + styles. +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598419 + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -You can always reset to the default font using the key binding + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757709 +In contrast to the custom text styles, the builtin styles are represented + only as font changes and integrated in the +\family sans +Text Properties +\family default + dialog. + +\change_unchanged +You can +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598525 +therefore +\change_unchanged +always reset to the default font using the key binding \begin_inset Info type "shortcut" arg "font-default" \end_inset - or the dialog + or th +\change_deleted -712698321 1525598540 +e +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598540 +at +\change_unchanged + dialog +\change_deleted -712698321 1525596565 + \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator Text @@ -13746,22 +14310,226 @@ Text Style\SpecialChar menuseparator Customized +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598544 + \family default - ( +( +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525598549 +or +\change_deleted -712698321 1525598549 +( +\change_unchanged + \begin_inset Info type "icon" arg "dialog-show character" \end_inset ). +\change_inserted -712698321 1525596575 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756578 +Custom Text Styles +\begin_inset CommandInset label +LatexCommand label +name "subsec:Custom-Character-Styles" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757241 +Custom text styles can be provided by the document class, a module (see + section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Modules" +plural "false" +caps "false" +noprefix "false" + +\end_inset + +), or local layout settings (see section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Local-Layout" + +\end_inset + +). + As the two builtin styles, they provide +\emph on +semantic +\emph default + markup for specific functions. + For instance, \SpecialChar LyX + ships a +\emph on +Linguistics +\emph default + module that provides, among other things, some custom text styles to markup + linguistic levels: +\emph on +expressions +\emph default +, +\noun on +concepts +\noun default +, and +\begin_inset Quotes els +\end_inset + +meanings +\begin_inset Quotes ers +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757806 +These styles can be found, if available, in the +\family sans +Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator +Text Styles +\family default + menu. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757245 +For the purpose of demonstration, we have loaded in this document the optional + module +\family sans +Logical Markup +\family default + that replicates and extends the two builtin styles. + By example of the emphasized style, we can see the differences in look + and feel (although the result in the typeset output is the same): while + the builtin +\emph on +emphasized style +\emph default + appears as normal font change, the custom text style +\begin_inset Flex Emph +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599318 +Emph +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + appears as an inset, with a label below that identifies its semantics. + This is the way all custom text styles look and feel like. + For instance, the three others from the module we have loaded are: +\begin_inset Flex Code +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599387 +Code +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Flex Strong +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599390 +Strong +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, and +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599392 +Noun +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + Note that custom text styles might (as in the example) or might not emulate + on screen their formal appearance. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection -Fine-Tuning with the + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599470 +Fine-Tuning +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599472 +Tweaking +\change_unchanged + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599462 +Text +\change_unchanged +with the \family sans -Text Style +Text +\change_deleted -712698321 1525756524 +Style +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756526 +Properties +\change_unchanged + \family default - dialog + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599485 +d +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599485 +D +\change_unchanged +ialog \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "subsec:Fine-Tuning-with-the" @@ -13782,18 +14550,62 @@ Text Style \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -There are always occasions when you will need to do some fine-tuning; so - \SpecialChar LyX - gives you a way to create a custom character style. +There are always occasions when you will need to do some +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599505 +formal +\change_unchanged +fine-tuning; so \SpecialChar LyX + gives you a way to +\change_deleted -712698321 1525595143 +create a custom +\change_inserted -712698321 1525595144 +customize +\change_unchanged + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525601741 +the properties of text passages +\change_deleted -712698321 1525595163 +character style +\change_unchanged +. For example, an academic journal or a corporation may have a style sheet requiring a sans-serif font be used in certain situations. Also, writers sometimes use a different font to offset a character's thoughts from ordinary dialog. +\change_inserted -712698321 1525595231 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757255 +If there are no custom text styles provided by the document class or a module + for this purpose (which is, as written above, generally the better way + of handling such issues), you often find yourself wanting to quickly tweak + the properties of the respective text passages. + That's where +\emph on +formal markup +\emph default + comes in as a last resort. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -Before we document how to use custom character style, we want to issue a - warning yet again: Don't overuse character styles! +Before we document how to +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599696 +use custom character style +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599700 +tweak the text properties +\change_unchanged +, we want to issue a warning yet again: Don't overuse +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599715 +character styles +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599716 +that +\change_unchanged +! \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset @@ -13802,7 +14614,15 @@ Documents that overuse different fonts and sizes are not easy to read and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -To use custom character styles, open the +To +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599736 +use custom character styles +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599739 +tweak text properties +\change_unchanged +, open the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599762 + \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator Text @@ -13811,7 +14631,17 @@ Text Style\SpecialChar menuseparator Customized +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599762 + \family default + +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged dialog or press the toolbar button \begin_inset Info type "icon" @@ -13819,8 +14649,17 @@ arg "dialog-show character" \end_inset . - There are several boxes in this dialog, each corresponding to a different - font property that you can choose. + There are several +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599782 +combo +\change_unchanged +boxes in this dialog, each corresponding to a different +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599798 +font +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599796 +text +\change_unchanged + property that you can choose. You can choose an option for one of these properties, or select \family sans No @@ -13831,8 +14670,16 @@ change \family default , which keeps the current state of that property. The item +\change_deleted -712698321 1525677079 + \family sans -Reset +R +\change_inserted -712698321 1525677076 +Default +\change_deleted -712698321 1525677077 +eset +\change_unchanged + \family default will reset the property to whatever is the default. You can use this to reset attributes across a bunch of different paragraph @@ -13840,7 +14687,13 @@ Reset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -The font properties, and their options (in addition to +The +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599868 +font +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599869 +text +\change_unchanged + properties, and their options (in addition to \family sans No \begin_inset space ~ @@ -13849,8 +14702,14 @@ No change \family default and +\change_deleted -712698321 1525677094 + \family sans Reset +\change_inserted -712698321 1525677096 +Default +\change_unchanged + \family default ) are: \end_layout @@ -13936,6 +14795,151 @@ arg "font-typewriter" \family sans ) +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607448 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607495 +The general differences of these families are: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607451 + +\family sans +Serif +\family default + fonts use characters with serifs. + These are the small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +appendices +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + at the ends of the strokes that form the character. + The following example shows the difference: +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +text with serifs +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\family sans +text without serifs +\family default + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Serifs facilitate quick and easy reading. + These fonts are therefore used as default (named +\family sans +roman +\family default +). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607513 + +\family sans +Sans serif +\family default + is not recommended for use as a base type. + This font type is therefore often only used for headings and short texts. + We use it in this document to highlight menu names. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607513 + +\family sans +Typewriter +\family default + is a so called +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +monospaced +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + font, which means every character has the same width; the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +i +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + is as wide as the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +m +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + Here is an example +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607513 +no +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\family typewriter +typewriter text +\family default + +\begin_inset Note Note +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607513 +For more on phantoms see section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Phantom-Space" + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +no typewriter text +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \end_deeper @@ -14013,10 +15017,16 @@ Italic This \shape default +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599902 + \family sans \shape italic i +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599902 + \family default +i +\change_unchanged s the Italic font shape \shape default \emph on @@ -14063,14 +15073,26 @@ This is the Small caps font shape Color \family default Alters the text color. - Note that not all DVI-viewers are able to display colors. + Note that not all DVI +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599925 + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599925 +- +\change_unchanged +viewers are able to display colors. Besides +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599934 + \family sans +(Without) +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599939 No \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset color +\change_unchanged + \family default , which means that the document default color set in \family sans @@ -14086,7 +15108,17 @@ Main text \family default - is used, you can choose between + is used, you can +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599960 +choose +\change_inserted -712698321 1525599960 +select +\change_unchanged + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525599974 +between +\change_unchanged + \family sans Black \family default @@ -14183,9 +15215,17 @@ Language \family default This is used to mark regions of text as having a different language from the language of the document. - Text marked in this way will be underlined in blue to indicate the change + Text marked in this way will be underlined +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600006 +in the \SpecialChar LyX + workarea +\change_unchanged +in blue to indicate the change +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600002 (only within \SpecialChar LyX -). +) +\change_unchanged +. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset @@ -14204,6 +15244,17 @@ reference "sec:Spellchecking" \end_inset ) the German-marked text will be checked according to the German dictionary. +\change_inserted -712698321 1525677618 + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +If you do not want text passages to be spellchecked, activate +\family sans +Exclude from Spellchecking +\family default +. + Passages marked like this will still be hyphenated correctly. \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling @@ -14213,8 +15264,18 @@ reference "sec:Spellchecking" Size \family default Alters the size of the font. - You will find no numerical values here; all possible sizes are actually - proportional to the document font size. + You +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600033 +will +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600034 +won't +\change_unchanged + find +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600037 +no +\change_unchanged +numerical values here; all possible sizes are actually proportional to the + document font size. Once again, you don't feed \SpecialChar LyX the details, but a general description of what you want to do. @@ -14580,17 +15641,44 @@ yet again \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600062 + \family sans Misc +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600065 +Underlining +\change_unchanged + \family default - Here you can change a few other things at the character level. - Options are: + Here you can +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600102 +change a few other things at the character level +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600112 +have text passages being underlined +\change_unchanged +. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600240 +Avoid using underlining if you can! It is a hangover from the typewriter + days, when you could not change fonts. + One no longer needs to emphasize text by underscoring characters. + This is only possible in \SpecialChar LyX + because some people +\emph on +may +\emph default + need it in order to follow style sheets for journal submissions. + +\change_unchanged +Options are: \end_layout \begin_deeper \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600074 + \family sans Emph \family default @@ -14612,17 +15700,44 @@ logical That means every document class can define its own font used for emphasized text. Normally this font is equal to italic. +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600322 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Labeling +\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600337 + +\family sans +(Without) +\family default + Don't use underlining. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600192 + \family sans Underbar +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600193 +Single +\change_unchanged + \family default \bar under -This is text with Underbar on. +This is text with +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600212 +Single underlining +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600209 +Underbar +\change_unchanged + on. \bar default (key binding @@ -14638,6 +15753,8 @@ arg "font-underline" \end_inset +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600236 + \family default Avoid using underbar if you can! It is a hangover from the typewriter days, when you could not change fonts. @@ -14648,6 +15765,8 @@ Avoid using underbar if you can! It is a hangover from the typewriter days, may \emph default need it in order to follow style sheets for journal submissions. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling @@ -14655,14 +15774,24 @@ may \family sans Double +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600261 + \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset underbar +\change_unchanged + \family default \uuline on -This is text with Double underbar on. +This is text with Double under +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600270 +bar +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600271 +lining +\change_unchanged + on. \uuline default (key binding @@ -14672,11 +15801,15 @@ arg "font-underunderline" \end_inset ) +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600282 + \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset As we just warned you against using underbar, you can imagine what we think - about double underbar. + about double underbar +\change_unchanged +. \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling @@ -14684,14 +15817,24 @@ As we just warned you against using underbar, you can imagine what we think \family sans Wavy +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600285 + \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset underbar +\change_unchanged + \family default \uwave on -This is text with Wavy underbar on. +This is text with Wavy under +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600294 +bar +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600295 +lining +\change_unchanged + on. \uwave default (key binding @@ -14706,21 +15849,61 @@ arg "font-underwave" Use this only if a journal absolutely insists on it. Keep antinausea pills handy. +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600130 + +\end_layout + +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Labeling +\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600169 + +\family sans +Strikethrough +\family default + lets you strike-through text passages in two ways: +\change_unchanged + \end_layout +\begin_deeper \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600364 + \family sans -Strike +(Without) +\family default + Don't use strikethrough. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Labeling +\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 + +\family sans +S +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600378 +trike \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset out +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600378 +ingle +\change_unchanged + \family default \strikeout on -This is text with Strikeout on. +This is text with +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600382 +Strikeout +\change_inserted -712698321 1525601925 +Single strikethrough +\change_unchanged + on. \strikeout default (key binding @@ -14740,16 +15923,34 @@ This is frequently used to indicate an older version of text that has been \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600394 + \family sans Cross \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -out +ou +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600397 +With +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +/ +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600398 +t +\change_unchanged + \family default \xout on -This is text with Cross out on. +This is text with +\change_inserted -712698321 1525601941 +/-strikethrough +\change_deleted -712698321 1525601943 +Cross out +\change_unchanged + on. \xout default \begin_inset Newline newline @@ -14758,16 +15959,54 @@ This is text with Cross out on. This is used to make text hardly readable. \end_layout -\begin_layout Labeling -\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525757268 +In addition to all the formal markup described above, the dialog also provides + you access to the two builtin semantic text styles (see section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Builtin-Character-Styles" + +\end_inset + +): +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600579 + +\family sans +Emphasized: +\family default + +\emph on +This is text with emphasize on +\emph default +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize \family sans Noun +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600548 +: +\change_unchanged + \family default \noun on This is text with Noun on. +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600637 + \noun default Like \family sans @@ -14783,12 +16022,27 @@ Small Caps \family default . +\change_unchanged + \end_layout -\end_deeper \begin_layout Standard -So you have a huge number of combinations to choose from. - Once you have chosen a new character style via the +So you have a huge number of combinations to +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600660 +choose +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600660 +select +\change_unchanged + from. + Once you have +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600674 +chosen a new character style +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600725 +applied a text property +\change_unchanged + via the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600703 + \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator Text @@ -14797,35 +16051,95 @@ Text Style\SpecialChar menuseparator Customized +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600703 + \family default + +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged ( \begin_inset Info type "icon" arg "dialog-show character" \end_inset -) dialog, the settings are saved. - You can activate them by using the toolbar button +) dialog, the settings are +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600733 +temporarily +\change_unchanged +saved. + You can activate the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600738 +m +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600745 + last applied properties +\change_unchanged + by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Info type "icon" arg "textstyle-apply" \end_inset . - The button lets you apply your custom character style even when the dialog - isn't visible. + The button lets you apply +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600766 +your custom character style +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600778 +those +\change_unchanged +even when the dialog isn't visible. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1545905101 + A press on the button will apply the most recent setting again, a press + on the down-arrow will open a menu with the (max. + 20) most recently applied settings, from which you can select one. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -To completely reset the character style to the default, use +To completely reset the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600787 +character style +\change_inserted -712698321 1525600823 +text properties of a selection +\change_unchanged + to the default, use +\change_inserted -712698321 1545917704 + either +\change_deleted -712698321 1545917700 + +\change_unchanged + \begin_inset Info type "shortcut" arg "font-default" \end_inset + +\change_inserted -712698321 1545917733 + or select +\family sans +Reset to default +\family default + from the menu of the toolbar button +\begin_inset Info +type "icon" +arg "textstyle-apply" +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged . - If you want to toggle only those properties that you have just changed - (suppose you just set the shape to + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600803 +If you want to toggle only those properties that you have just changed (suppose + you just set the shape to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -14854,9 +16168,13 @@ all Apply \family default . +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525607419 You should also know something about the differences between the three main font types \family sans @@ -14879,6 +16197,8 @@ typewriter \begin_layout Itemize +\change_deleted -712698321 1525607419 + \family sans Typewriter \family default @@ -14955,6 +16275,8 @@ no typewriter text \begin_layout Itemize +\change_deleted -712698321 1525607419 + \family sans Serif \family default @@ -14994,15 +16316,21 @@ roman \begin_layout Itemize +\change_deleted -712698321 1525607419 + \family sans Sans serif \family default is not recommended for use as a base type. This font type is therefore often only used for headings and short texts. We use it in this document to highlight menu names. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525600873 \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -15104,11 +16432,17 @@ Medium \end_inset ), no matter how many times you apply the style. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -We conclude with the same warning once again: Do not overuse the fonts! - They are, more often than not, a kludge and a bad substitute for good writing. +We conclude +\change_inserted -712698321 1525607667 +this section +\change_unchanged +with the same warning once again: Do not overuse the fonts! They are, more + often than not, a kludge and a bad substitute for good writing. \end_layout \begin_layout Section @@ -16324,34 +17658,10 @@ Opt \family default is the Mac label for the right \family sans -Alt -\family default - -\family sans -/ AltGr +Alt \family default key). - Alternatively, dashes can be inserted with -\family sans -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -Special -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Character\SpecialChar menuseparator -Symbols -\family default - or with the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -unicode-insert -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - \SpecialChar LyX - function with the Unicode code point as argument (2013 for the em dash - and 2014 for the en dash). + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -16477,16 +17787,13 @@ Special Character\SpecialChar menuseparator Symbols \family default - or the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - + or using the +\family typewriter unicode-insert -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - +\family default \SpecialChar LyX - function. + function with the Unicode code point as argument (2013 for the em dash + and 2014 for the en dash). \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -16508,7 +17815,7 @@ hyphen \end_layout \begin_layout Enumerate -From A–Z; pages +A–Z; pages \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -16575,19 +17882,17 @@ name "subsec:Dashes-and-line-breaks" \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -Whether line breaks -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438804 -around -\change_inserted -712698321 1513438805 -at -\change_unchanged - dashes are allowed depends on the use case and locale: +Whether line breaks before or after dashes are allowed depends on the use + case and locale, e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g.: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize -In English, line breaks are generally allowed after the dash in ranges of - values such as 1975–1982, but no line break should occur if only a single - character follows the dash (as in A–Z). +In English, line breaks are generally allowed after the dash, but no line + break should occur if only a single character follows the dash (as in A–Z). \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize @@ -16601,82 +17906,52 @@ In French and Spanish, dashes around parenthetical statements are treated \end_layout \begin_layout Standard - -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437551 -In \SpecialChar LyX -, -\change_inserted -712698321 1513437622 -The dashes that are output by \SpecialChar LyX +By default, dashes are output by \SpecialChar LyX to \SpecialChar LaTeX - by default generally allow for -\change_unchanged -line breaks after en-dashes and em-dashes -\change_deleted -712698321 1513498469 - -\change_inserted -712698321 1513437597 -. -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438851 -are only allowed (without manual intervention), if the option -\family sans -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator -Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures -\family default - is selected (this is the default in \SpecialChar LyX - 2.3). -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -In this case, the dashes are output as -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - --- -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - and + as \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ---- +ligature dashes \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -, respectively, when exporting to \SpecialChar LaTeX -. - The \SpecialChar TeX - font ligature mechanism converts them to dash characters followed - by an optional line break. + (-- and ---). + \SpecialChar LaTeX + allows line breaks after hyphens +\change_deleted -1402925745 1558782973 +, +\change_inserted -1402925745 1558782983 + and these +\change_unchanged + en-dashes and em-dashes. \end_layout +\begin_layout Enumerate +Line breaks before spaced en dashes +\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset +– common in British English and generally recommended by +\emph on +The Elements of Typographic Style +\emph default -\change_unchanged - -\end_layout +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset -\begin_layout Standard -Please note: +– can be prevented using protected spaces. \end_layout \begin_layout Enumerate - -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437637 -This results in optional line breaks after -\emph on -all -\emph default - en- and em-dashes. - -\change_unchanged Unwanted line breaks -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437645 +\series bold +after +\series default + dashes +\change_inserted -1402925745 1558782702 must -\change_inserted -712698321 1513437646 +\change_deleted -1402925745 1558782715 can \change_unchanged be prevented by wrapping in a makebox @@ -16701,15 +17976,40 @@ Objects \end_inset -, using protected spaces or preceding with + or preceding with \series bold \backslash nobreakdash \series default in \SpecialChar TeX - code. - Examples: + code +\change_inserted -1402925745 1558782753 +, a protected space does not suffice +\change_unchanged +. + Examples +\change_inserted -1402925745 1558782332 + +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -1402925745 1558782431 +It is generally recommended to set the correct language for text parts not + in the document language. + We don't do this here to prevent a dependency on LaTeX support for French + and Spanish. +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged +: \end_layout \begin_deeper @@ -16738,7 +18038,7 @@ backgroundcolor "none" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout -368–9 +36–39 \end_layout \end_inset @@ -16747,34 +18047,36 @@ status open \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize -With spaced en dashes -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -– common e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. - in British English and generally recommended by -\emph on -The Elements of Typographic Style -\emph default +Les incises +\begin_inset Box Frameless +position "t" +hor_pos "c" +has_inner_box 1 +inner_pos "t" +use_parbox 0 +use_makebox 1 +width "" +special "none" +height "1in" +height_special "totalheight" +thickness "0.4pt" +separation "3pt" +shadowsize "4pt" +framecolor "black" +backgroundcolor "none" +status open +\begin_layout Plain Layout +– \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -– line breaks should not occur before the dash. +même \end_layout -\begin_layout Itemize - -\lang french -Les incises – -\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -même si tout le monde ne les aime pas + si tout le monde ne les aime pas \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -16782,8 +18084,6 @@ même si tout le monde ne les aime pas \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize - -\lang spanish En una frase \begin_inset ERT status collapsed @@ -16800,6 +18100,7 @@ nobreakdash —un inciso con rayas— se escribe así. \end_layout +\end_deeper \begin_layout Standard An incorrect line break is easily overlooked because \begin_inset space ~ @@ -16813,117 +18114,46 @@ An incorrect line break is easily overlooked because log. \end_layout -\end_deeper -\begin_layout Enumerate - -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437701 -The setting is ignored for documents using non-\SpecialChar TeX - fonts. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Xe\SpecialChar TeX - provides the -\series bold - -\backslash -XeTeXdashbreakstate -\series default - setting. - The default causes dashes to behave like ligature dashes. - The usual behaviour of literal dashes can be achieved by inserting -\family typewriter -\series bold - -\backslash -XeTeXdashbreakstate=0 +\begin_layout Standard +If you want to globally disable line breaks after dashes, you can select + the option +\family sans +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator +Disallow line breaks after dashes \family default -\series default - into the \SpecialChar LaTeX - preamble. +: \end_layout -\end_inset - - -\change_unchanged - +\begin_layout Enumerate +Line breaks are still allowed after spaced dashes. + They can be prevented using protected spaces (without need for a makebox + or \SpecialChar TeX + code). + Example: \end_layout -\begin_layout Enumerate +\begin_deeper +\begin_layout Itemize +Les incises – +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437705 -Em dashes in -\family typewriter -typewriter -\family default - fonts become -\family typewriter -–- -\family default - or -\family typewriter ---- -\family default - in the output. -\change_unchanged +même si tout le monde ne les aime pas +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset +– sont très utiles. \end_layout +\end_deeper \begin_layout Enumerate +Line breaks after unspaced dashes can be allowed via the menu +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset -\change_inserted -712698321 1513437950 -The default dashes output to \SpecialChar LaTeX - disable -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437951 -H -\change_inserted -712698321 1513437954 -h -\change_unchanged -yphenation -\change_deleted -712698321 1513437961 -is suppressed -\change_unchanged -in words adjacent to hyphens and ligature dashes. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If -\change_inserted -712698321 1513498511 -you want to globally disable line breaks after dashes, you can select -\change_unchanged -the option -\family sans -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator -\change_inserted -712698321 1513498530 -Disallow line breaks after dashes -\family default -. - In this case optional line breaks after individual -\family sans - dashes -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438124 -Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures -\family default - has not been selected, you -\change_unchanged - can -\change_inserted -712698321 1513438126 -be -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438191 -insert -\change_inserted -712698321 1513438193 -re-allowed -\change_unchanged - -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438149 -optional line breaks -\change_unchanged -via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator Formatting\SpecialChar menuseparator @@ -16932,296 +18162,185 @@ Optional line break : \end_layout +\begin_deeper \begin_layout Itemize Em-dashes without spaces—\SpecialChar allowbreak -as common in American English—\SpecialChar allowbreak -should be broken - after the dash. +common in American English—\SpecialChar allowbreak +should be followed by + a line break opportunity. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard - -\change_inserted -712698321 1513440855 -Note: Up to \SpecialChar LyX - +This also allows hyphenation of the word following the dash (see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.1, you could insert en-dashes and em-dashes as -- and ---, respectively; - they were automatically merged to proper (breakable) dashes in the output, - but kept as consecutive hyphen characters in the LyX document. - If you inserted literal dash characters, however, they were output to \SpecialChar LaTeX - as -\emph on -non-breakable -\emph default - dashes (this was actually rather by accident than intentionally, but some - used these two forms of dashes deliberately). - -\change_unchanged -As of \SpecialChar LyX +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Hyphenation" +plural "false" +caps "false" +noprefix "false" -\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.2, -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439795 -things work differently: consecutive hyphens are merged to dashes immediately - in the input. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439552 -The behavior was changed since it led to different look in \SpecialChar LyX -, text export, - HTML export and the PDF export. +). \end_layout +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Enumerate +With this setting, \SpecialChar LaTeX + hyphenates words also if immediately followed by em + or en dashes (see section +\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset - If you copy consecutive hyphens, by contrast, they are output as consecutive - hyphen characters. - An unintended consequence of this change was that all dashes now were output - as non-breakable dashes. - -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438403 --- and --- are exported to LaTeX as -{}- and -{}-{}- to prevent ligation - to dashes. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Up to \SpecialChar LyX +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Hyphenation" +plural "false" +caps "false" +noprefix "false" -\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.1, -- and --- was output unchanged which led to different look in \SpecialChar LyX -, text - export, HTML export and the PDF export. +). \end_layout -\end_inset - +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Changes and backwards compatibility +\end_layout -\change_unchanged - -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439864 -Since furthermore, in order to maintain the output, -\change_deleted -712698321 1513439597 -O -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 -o -\change_unchanged -ccurrences -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 -of consecutive hyphens -\change_unchanged -in -\change_deleted -712698321 1513439612 -older -\change_unchanged -documents -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 - that were saved by -\change_unchanged - -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 -\SpecialChar LyX +\begin_layout Standard +Up to \SpecialChar LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.1 or earlier versions, -\change_deleted -712698321 1513439871 -a -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439871 -we -\change_unchanged -re converted to literal -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438458 -Unicode -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 -en- and em- -\change_unchanged -dash -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 - charact -\change_unchanged -e -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 -r -\change_unchanged -s -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439884 -, respectively, these were output to \SpecialChar LaTeX - in \SpecialChar LyX +2.1, consecutive hyphen characters (-- and ---) in the LyX source were merged + to en or em dashes by LaTeX. + These +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset -\begin_inset space ~ +ligature dashes +\begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -2.2 as + retain the line-break properties of hyphens while literal dash characters + are regarded by \SpecialChar LaTeX + as \emph on non-breakable \emph default - dashes as well -\change_unchanged . - -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439888 -An obvious drawback of all this was that -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438506 -This -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439745 -it -\change_deleted -712698321 1513440124 - led to -\change_inserted -712698321 1513440127 -resulted in -\change_unchanged - different line breaks in some documents. - \SpecialChar LyX +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Since \SpecialChar LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.3 -\change_inserted -712698321 1513439906 -, by contrast and as outlined above, outputs -\change_unchanged +2.2, consecutive hyphens in the LyX source are exported to \SpecialChar LaTeX + in a way that + prevents ligation to dashes. -\change_inserted -712698321 1513441767 - -\emph on -breakable -\emph default - dashes by default, so if you load a document saved previous to LyX 2.2, - you should get the identical output with LyX 2.3 for the dashes inserted - with -- and ---. - Furthermore, \SpecialChar LyX - -\begin_inset space ~ +\begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -2.3 -\change_unchanged -provides the aforementioned option -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438447 - -\family sans -Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures -\change_inserted -712698321 1513498544 -Disallow line breaks after dashes -\change_unchanged +Ligature dashes +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + in documents from earlier versions are converted to literal dash characters + (except in +\family typewriter +typewriter \family default - in the menu -\family sans -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Fonts. - + font); typed in consecutive hyphens are merged to dash characters immediately + after the input (unless the current text font is +\family typewriter +type \family default - It is o -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438517 -n -\change_inserted -712698321 1513441759 -ff -\change_unchanged - by default but -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438522 -un -\change_unchanged -selected when opening documents edited with \SpecialChar LyX +writer). +\begin_inset Foot +status open -\begin_inset space ~ +\begin_layout Plain Layout +The behavior was changed since +\begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -2.2 -\change_inserted -712698321 1513441759 - in order to maintain line breaking between \SpecialChar LyX - 2.2 and 2.3 (so these document - have non-breakable dashes) -\change_unchanged -. -\begin_inset Newline newline +lyx --help +\begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -Note the following side-effects of the changes in \SpecialChar LyX -'s dash handling: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -If you used -\change_inserted -712698321 1513440192 -only -\change_unchanged -literal em- and en dashes in pre-\SpecialChar LyX + became +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset -\begin_inset space ~ +lyx –help +\begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -2.2 documents, you must manually -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438688 -un -\change_unchanged -select -\change_deleted -712698321 1513438687 + in PDF, Postscript, and DVI output. + An unintended consequence of these changes was that all dashes were output + as non-breakable dashes. + This also resulted in changed line breaks in some older documents. + +\end_layout + +\end_inset -\family sans -Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures -\change_inserted -712698321 1513498551 -Disallow line breaks after dashes -\change_unchanged -\family default - to ensure unchanged behavior. - \end_layout -\begin_layout Itemize -If you used both -\change_deleted -712698321 1513441852 -, -\change_unchanged - literal and -\change_deleted -712698321 1513441864 -ligature -\change_inserted -712698321 1513441867 ---/--- -\change_unchanged - dashes in pre-\SpecialChar LyX +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.2 documents, you may need to enable or prevent individual line breaks as - shown above to restore the correct line breaking behavio -\change_deleted -712698321 1513441864 -u -\change_unchanged -r. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Zero-width space (ZWSP) characters in older \SpecialChar LyX - documents that follow literal - em- and en-dashes are removed during the conversion to the format of \SpecialChar LyX +2.3 outputs +\emph on +breakable +\emph default + dashes by default. + When opening documents edited with \SpecialChar LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.3. - If you used them as optional line breaks after dashes, convert them to - space insets before opening your document with \SpecialChar LyX +2.2 or earlier and containing literal dash characters not followed by whitespace, + the setting +\family sans +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator +Disallow line breaks after dashes +\family default + is active to prevent changes to the line breaks. +\series bold +Warning: +\series default + If you used both literal and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +ligature +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + dashes in pre-\SpecialChar LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -2.3 or the optional line breaks will be lost. +2.2 documents, you may need to enable or prevent individual line breaks as + shown above to restore the correct line breaking behavior. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -17265,6 +18384,12 @@ status collapsed \end_inset following the rules of the document language. + \SpecialChar LaTeX + does not hyphenate text in the +\family sans +typewriter +\family default + font and words immediately preceded or followed by hyphens or dashes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -17322,10 +18447,10 @@ A-b c \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - as a hyphenation possibility. - Hyphenating at this point would look ugly. - To prevent the shortcut from being hyphenated, you can use a protected - hyphen ( + as a line break possibility. + A line break at this point would look ugly. + To prevent the shortcut from being broken, you can use a protected hyphen + ( \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator Formatting\SpecialChar menuseparator @@ -20202,7 +21327,11 @@ Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator Table \family default . - A dialog will appear, asking you for the number of rows and columns. + A dialog will appear, asking you for the number of rows and columns +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288358 +, and you can select a specific (border) style +\change_unchanged +. The default table has lines around any cell and the first row appears separated from the rest of the table. This separation appears due to a double line: The cells of the first row @@ -20417,6 +21546,87 @@ C \end_inset +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288479 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288540 +This corresponds to the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Grid with Head +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + table style listed in the style selection. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288387 +Other available styles include: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288551 +A +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +simple grid +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + which looks line the above table, but without the first row being separated + via double line, +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288764 +a border-less table with no lines at all, +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554289543 +and a so-called +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +formal table +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + as often used in professional publishing with horizontal lines only and + bold top/bottom lines (see +\emph on +Embedded Objects +\emph default + manual, section +\emph on +Formal Tables +\emph default +). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288823 +The default style used in the dialog as well as the style used by the toolbar + button can be changed in +\family sans +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Text Layout +\family default +. + So if the default style above is not the one you need, you should alter + this setting. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -23514,6 +24724,8 @@ arg "layout-paragraph" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -23665,6 +24877,8 @@ reference "fig:Star" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -23675,6 +24889,8 @@ status open \begin_inset Float figure +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status collapsed @@ -23716,6 +24932,8 @@ Undefinable \begin_inset Float figure +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status collapsed @@ -23828,6 +25046,8 @@ reference "tab:Table-float" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -24908,7 +26128,7 @@ limits , versus \begin_inset Formula \[ -\sum\nolimits _{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}=e +\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}=e \] \end_inset @@ -25318,6 +26538,8 @@ reference "tab:Accent-names-and" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -26689,6 +27911,8 @@ reference "tab:Typefaces-and-the" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table +placement document +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -28221,7 +29445,7 @@ name "subsec:Table-of-Contents" The Table of Contents (TOC) is inserted with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -List/TOC\SpecialChar menuseparator +List/Contents/References\SpecialChar menuseparator Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -28312,7 +29536,7 @@ Table, figure, listings and algorithm lists are very much like the table You can insert them via the \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -List/TOC +List/Contents/References \family default submenus. The list entries are the float captions and the float number. @@ -28749,9 +29973,7 @@ status open \begin_layout Plain Layout -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII -\backslash -#Character_set +https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII#Character_set \end_layout \end_inset @@ -28888,7 +30110,9 @@ status collapsed \end_inset . - In order to do so, the label needs to be given the form + In order to do so, +\change_deleted -712698321 1555659455 +the label needs to be given the form \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -28910,7 +30134,9 @@ without \emph default a blank between the author(s) and the opening parenthesis that delimits the year. - Then, if you select + Then, if you +\change_unchanged +select \family sans Natbib \begin_inset space ~ @@ -28947,7 +30173,91 @@ noprefix "false" \end_inset -), you can select between different author-year or author-number styles. +) +\change_inserted -712698321 1555660530 +. + Once you have done that, the +\family sans +Bibliography +\family default + dialog has three input fields instead of the +\family sans +Label +\family default + field: +\family sans + Author Names +\family default +, +\family sans +Year +\family default + and +\family sans +All Author Names +\family default +. + The first one takes the Author list as it should be displayed in the citation + reference, the second the year (without parentheses). + These two are madatory. + If there are multiple authors and you want to both refer to them as a full + list ( +\emph on +Baker, Jones, and Williams +\emph default +) and in abrreviated form ( +\emph on +Baker et al. +\emph default +) +\change_unchanged +, +\change_inserted -712698321 1555660544 + add the abbreviated form to +\family sans +Author Names +\family default + and the full list to the optional +\family sans +All Author Names +\family default + field. + +\change_unchanged + +\change_inserted -712698321 1555659886 +If specified like this, +\change_unchanged +you can select between different author-year or author-number styles +\change_inserted -712698321 1555660646 + in the +\family sans +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Citation +\family default + dialog, and if +\family sans +All Author Names +\family default + is specified, toggling +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +All authors +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + in the citation dialog or the citation context menu will switch between + full and abbreviated list +\change_unchanged +. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1555660793 + Note that the author and year specified in the dialog are only used for + the citation references. + In the bibliography entry, author and year must be added manually. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -29183,11 +30493,7 @@ To access a database via Bib\SpecialChar TeX , use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -List -\family default -/ -\family sans -TOC\SpecialChar menuseparator +List/Contents/References\SpecialChar menuseparator Bib(la)TeX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -29213,6 +30519,16 @@ Content \family default drop box you can select whether to include all the entries in the database in the document or just the cited references. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1530969762 + The +\family sans +Encoding +\family default + drop box lets you specify the encoding of the database(s), should this + differ from the encoding of the document. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -29304,11 +30620,7 @@ biblatex : Use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -List -\family default -/ -\family sans -TOC\SpecialChar menuseparator +List/Contents/References\SpecialChar menuseparator Bib(la)TeX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -29321,9 +30633,18 @@ Bibliography \family sans style \family default - file. + file +\change_inserted -712698321 1531045799 + at this place +\change_unchanged +. The other dialog options are the same as with Bib\SpecialChar TeX . + +\change_inserted -712698321 1531045867 + As for the styles, note the following. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -29397,7 +30718,7 @@ biblatex \series default , you can enter options that determine how the bibliography is printed (for example how its heading will appear). - These options are deescribed in detail in the + These options are described in detail in the \series bold biblatex \series default @@ -30213,7 +31534,7 @@ arg "index-insert" The index list is inserted in the document with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -List/TOC\SpecialChar menuseparator +List/Contents/References\SpecialChar menuseparator Index \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -31093,7 +32414,7 @@ Once the document changes have been applied, you can find the new index list in \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -List/TOC +List/Contents/References \family default and the \family sans @@ -32048,7 +33369,7 @@ Nomenclature ! Printing To print the nomenclature, use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -Lists/TOC\SpecialChar menuseparator +List/Contents/References\SpecialChar menuseparator Nomenclature \family default . @@ -32120,13 +33441,38 @@ List of Symbols \begin_layout Standard -\family roman \series bold \backslash -renewcommand{ +AtBeginDocument{ +\backslash +addto +\backslash +captionsenglish{ +\backslash +def +\backslash +nomname{List of Symbols}}} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +When you are using another document language than English, replace +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\series bold + +\backslash +captionsenglish +\series default + by +\series bold + \backslash -nomname}{List of Symbols} +extras*** +\series default +, where *** is the name of the language used. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -33715,6 +35061,7 @@ reference "fig:Page-layout" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement h +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -35896,11 +37243,11 @@ en_US \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize -th_en_EN_v2.idx +th_en_US_v2.idx \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize -th_en_EN_v2.dat +th_en_US_v2.dat \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -37150,6 +38497,12 @@ New from Template This menu entry prompts you for a template to use. Selecting a template will automatically set certain layout features for the document, features you would otherwise need to change manually. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553353209 + Furthermore, templates can provide text structures and fragments for recurring + writing tasks. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -37169,6 +38522,19 @@ The submenu shows a list of the recently opened files. Click there on a file to open it. \end_layout +\begin_layout Subsection + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352812 +Open Example +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352848 +This menu entry gives you quick access to all \SpecialChar LyX + example files. +\end_layout + \begin_layout Subsection Close \end_layout @@ -37199,6 +38565,23 @@ Save As \begin_layout Standard Saves the actual document under a new name to create a copy. +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352868 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352875 +Save As Template +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352904 +Saves the document in the appropriate templates directory for later use + as a template. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -38148,10 +39531,14 @@ This shifts the paragraph in which the cursor currently is one paragraph \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525756612 Text Style \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1525756612 Described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -38164,6 +39551,8 @@ reference "subsec:Fine-Tuning-with-the" \end_inset . +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -38203,6 +39592,121 @@ Text Layout \family default dialog. +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756614 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756624 +Text Properties +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756615 +This sub-menu provides several ways to customize the appearance of text + passages. + You can +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756657 +Customize text properties by means of the +\family sans +Text Properties +\family default + dialog (via +\family sans +Customize\SpecialChar ldots + +\family default +; this is described in section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Fine-Tuning-with-the" + +\end_inset + +) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756942 +Apply the last settings done in this dialog via +\family sans +Apply last settings +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756615 +Change the casing of selected text ( +\family sans +Capitalize +\family default +, +\family sans +Uppercase +\family default +, +\family sans +Lowercase +\family default +) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756641 +Custom Text Styles +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1525756787 +This sub-menu only appears the document class or a module provides custom + text styles (in the case of this document: +\family sans +Code +\family default +, +\family sans +Emph +\family default +, +\family sans +Noun +\family default + and +\family sans +Strong +\family default +, provided by the +\family sans +Logical Markup +\family default + module). + See section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Custom-Character-Styles" + +\end_inset + + for details. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -38263,29 +39767,6 @@ reference "subsec:Numbering-depth" . \end_layout -\begin_layout Subsection - -\family sans -Start New Environment/Start New Parent Environment -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -These menus are only visible if it is possible to have two consecutive environme -nts of the same type. - See section -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset CommandInset ref -LatexCommand ref -reference "subsec:Separate-Nestings" - -\end_inset - - for an explanation. -\end_layout - \begin_layout Section The View Menu \begin_inset Index idx @@ -39288,7 +40769,150 @@ reference "subsec:Clear-Page-Breaks" \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection -List/TOC + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533459357 +Field +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533459959 +Here you can insert fields holding specific information. + The submenu allows you to insert +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533460018 +Date +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Current) inserts the current date (which will automatically update itself) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533460347 +Date +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Last +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Modification) inserts the date of the last file modification (time of last + save) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647074 +Date +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Fix) inserts a static date that will not change. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647089 +Time +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Current) inserts the current time (which will automatically update itself) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647093 +Time +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Last +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Modification) inserts the time of the last file modification (time of last + save) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647133 +Time +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Fix) inserts a static time that will not change. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647170 +File +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Name +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(Excl. +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Extension) inserts the name of the current file (without the extension .lyx) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647240 +User +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Name inserts the user name as specified in +\family sans +Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +Identity +\family default +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533647259 +User +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Email inserts the user email address as specified in +\family sans +Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +Identity +\family default +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted -712698321 1533460561 +Other\SpecialChar ldots + opens a dialog that lets you insert alternative formats of the three + date types listed above and insert a range of other information. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection + +\family sans +List/Contents/References \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -39458,13 +41082,25 @@ Inserts document class-specific insets. Such insets only exist if they are defined in the layout file for a certain document class. An example is the document class +\change_deleted -712698321 1553354540 + \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -article (Elsevier) +article ( +\change_unchanged + +\emph on +Elsevier +\change_deleted -712698321 1553354543 + +\emph default +) \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset + +\change_unchanged with three custom insets. The section \emph on @@ -39831,6 +41467,29 @@ reference "sec:Marginal-Notes" . \end_layout +\begin_layout Subsection + +\family sans +Separate (Above/Below) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +These menu items are only visible if it is possible to have two consecutive + environments of the same type. + See section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:Separate-Nestings" + +\end_inset + + for an explanation. +\end_layout + \begin_layout Subsection Short Title \end_layout @@ -39905,14 +41564,20 @@ Objects \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection + +\change_deleted -712698321 1533459320 Date \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1533459320 Inserts the actual date. The format depends on the date format of the language that is used for \SpecialChar LyX 's menus. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -41163,7 +42828,7 @@ pull-down box for the environments \begin_layout Standard \align left \begin_inset Tabular - + @@ -41459,6 +43124,15 @@ arg "paste" \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator Paste +\change_inserted -712698321 1545905310 + +\family default +or +\family sans + Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator +Paste Recent +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -41599,6 +43273,8 @@ arg "font-emph" \begin_layout Plain Layout Emphasize text, function of the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525758222 + \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator Text @@ -41607,7 +43283,17 @@ Text Style\SpecialChar menuseparator Customized +\change_inserted -712698321 1525758222 + \family default + +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged dialog \end_layout @@ -41636,6 +43322,8 @@ arg "font-noun" \begin_layout Plain Layout Set text to noun style, function of the +\change_deleted -712698321 1525758226 + \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator Text @@ -41644,7 +43332,17 @@ Text Style\SpecialChar menuseparator Customized +\change_inserted -712698321 1525758226 + \family default + +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + +\change_unchanged dialog \end_layout @@ -41657,6 +43355,40 @@ Customized \begin_layout Plain Layout +\change_inserted -712698321 1545900859 +\begin_inset Info +type "icon" +arg "dynamic-char-styles" +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1545900930 + +\family sans +Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator +Custom Text Styles +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_deleted -712698321 1545899987 + \family sans \begin_inset Info type "icon" @@ -41664,6 +43396,8 @@ arg "textstyle-apply" \end_inset +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -41672,6 +43406,8 @@ arg "textstyle-apply" \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_deleted -712698321 1545900001 Format text using the current settings in the \family sans Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator @@ -41683,6 +43419,8 @@ Style\SpecialChar menuseparator Customized \family default dialog +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -41787,6 +43525,38 @@ Table \begin_layout Plain Layout +\change_inserted -712698321 1545900837 +\begin_inset Info +type "icon" +arg "dynamic-custom-insets" +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1545900953 + +\family sans +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Custom Insets +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + \family sans \begin_inset Info type "icon" @@ -41917,7 +43687,7 @@ The extra toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular - + @@ -42652,6 +44422,43 @@ Customized \begin_layout Plain Layout +\change_inserted -712698321 1545899981 + +\family sans +\begin_inset Info +type "icon" +arg "textstyle-apply" +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1545900045 +Format text using the recent settings in the +\begin_inset Info +type "menu" +arg "dialog-show character" +\end_inset + + dialog +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + \family sans \begin_inset Info type "icon" @@ -42940,8 +44747,12 @@ arg "view-others" \end_inset +\change_deleted -712698321 1545901299 + \family sans * +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -42969,7 +44780,11 @@ type "icon" arg "update-others" \end_inset + +\change_deleted -712698321 1545901301 * +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -42995,8 +44810,12 @@ Update (Other Formats) \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1545901302 * These icons might look different for you if you do not use the default icon set. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -43451,6 +45270,24 @@ Use justification in \SpecialChar LyX justifies the text on screen. This only affects the text inside \SpecialChar LyX not in the output. +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288869 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1554288904 +The +\family sans +Default Style +\family default + setting in +\family sans +Table Style +\family default + lets you select which style newly inserted tables should use by default. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Section @@ -43530,24 +45367,162 @@ The document language and quote styles are set here. -commands (this can fail if a \SpecialChar LaTeX -command is not known for a particular character). +\change_inserted -712698321 1557594829 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596095 +By default, \SpecialChar LyX + outputs \SpecialChar LaTeX + files in Unicode – or utf8, for that matter (which + is nowadays also \SpecialChar LaTeX +'s default encoding). + This should normally fit your needs, since \SpecialChar LaTeX +'s Unicode support covers the + characters of most scripts. + Nonetheless it is not yet comprehensive, so there might be cases where + using one of the traditional, or +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +legacy +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, encodings is necessary. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596136 +\SpecialChar LyX + provides support for these traditional encodings. + If you chose +\family sans +Traditional (auto-selected) +\family default + from the +\family sans +Encodings +\family default + dropdown, \SpecialChar LyX + automatically selects the appropriate traditional encoding for + the given language(s). + +\change_deleted -712698321 1557595310 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1557595310 If you use the option \family sans Language Default \family default , \SpecialChar LyX determines the encoding of a text part from the language of this text. - If the document contains text in more than one language you may get more - than one encoding in the \SpecialChar LaTeX + +\change_unchanged +If the document contains text in more than one language you +\change_inserted -712698321 1557595342 +thus +\change_unchanged +may get more than one encoding in the \SpecialChar LaTeX file. - If you do not use this option then the complete document will always use + +\change_deleted -712698321 1557595350 +If you do not use this option then the complete document will always use exactly one encoding. Checking this option is the preferred setting. +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596155 +As a third option, \SpecialChar LyX + provides the +\family sans +ASCII +\family default + selection. + If this is chosen, any character outside the 7bit ASCII range will be output + as a \SpecialChar LaTeX + command. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557645585 +Finally, you can also select +\family sans +Custom +\family default +, which lets you specify a specific (single) encoding for the whole document. + Note that this encoding is then used for +\emph on +any +\emph default + language. + The custom list (which is spelled out below) consists of traditional encodings + and some special cases of Unicode for specific purposes (see explanation + below). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557645268 +The +\family sans +Do not load inputenc +\family default + checkbox does what it states: It prevents \SpecialChar LyX + from automatically loading the + \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package +\series bold +inputenc +\series default + +\begin_inset Index idx +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557645185 +\SpecialChar LaTeX + packages ! inputenc +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + This option might be useful if you use a class or package that pre-loads + inputenc or if inputenc must not be used for some reason. + When using this, you probably need to load some additional packages manually + in the preamble and specify the used encoding for text parts in foreign + languages in \SpecialChar TeX + code. + Note that this option is only available for the standard +\family sans +Unicode +\family default + and +\family sans +Traditional (auto-selected) +\family default + encodings. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard + +\change_deleted -712698321 1557596063 \SpecialChar LyX also supports Unicode output, which is particularly useful if you need lots of special symbols or non-alphabetic scripts, respectively. @@ -43615,6 +45590,8 @@ reference "subsec:Output-file-formats" Language Default \family default fails, you might try out one of these new engines. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -43749,6 +45726,8 @@ Here is a list with the important encodings: \end_layout \begin_layout Description + +\change_deleted -712698321 1557645284 Language \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -43786,6 +45765,8 @@ status collapsed in the preamble and specify the used encoding for text parts in foreign languages in \SpecialChar TeX code. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -43795,6 +45776,19 @@ ASCII the ASCII encoding, covers only plain English (7-bit ASCII). commands, which may result in a big file when lots of \SpecialChar LaTeX -commands are needed. + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596221 + This is the same as the +\family sans +ASCII +\family default + option in the main +\family sans +Encoding +\family default + dropdown list. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -44266,6 +46260,21 @@ status collapsed \end_inset (for the languages Chinese, Japanese and Korean) +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596410 +. + This encoding is selected by \SpecialChar LyX + with the default encoding ( +\family sans +Unicode (utf8) [default] +\family default + in the main +\family sans +Encoding +\family default + dropdown list) with CJK languages. + Normally you do not need to set this encoding manually. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -44329,7 +46338,24 @@ status collapsed \end_inset - (comprehensive, including Latin, Greek, Cyrillic and CJK scripts). + ( +\change_deleted -712698321 1557596443 +comprehensive, +\change_unchanged +including Latin, Greek, Cyrillic and CJK scripts). + +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596475 + This used to be more comprehensive than +\family sans +Unicode +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +(utf8) +\family default +, but meanwhile it is rather outdated. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -44354,8 +46380,24 @@ status collapsed \end_inset . - Currently only a limited range of characters (mainly for Latin scripts) + +\change_deleted -712698321 1557596266 +Currently only a limited range of characters (mainly for Latin scripts) is supported. +\change_inserted -712698321 1557596400 +This encoding is selected by \SpecialChar LyX + with the default encoding ( +\family sans +Unicode (utf8) [default] +\family default + in the main +\family sans +Encoding +\family default + dropdown list) with non-CJK languages. + Normally you do not need to set this encoding manually. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -44768,6 +46810,55 @@ reference "subsec:Numbering-depth" \end_inset . +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620045 + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620379 +You can typeset lines numbering in the output file by enabling the checkbox + at the bottom. + The functionality is handled by package lineno and and additional options + of this package can be used as well. + The most common one are: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620630 +right Line numbers to the right margin +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620589 +switch Line number to the outer margin (left – even pages, right – odd pages) + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620637 +switch* Line numbers to the inner margin +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620780 +modulo Print numbers only on multiples of five lines +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description + +\change_inserted 5863208 1558620792 +displaymath, +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +mathlines Line numbers for math environments (both options needed). +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Section @@ -45225,17 +47316,41 @@ Math \end_layout \begin_layout Section -Float Placement +Float +\change_deleted -712698321 1526030304 +Placement +\change_inserted -712698321 1526030306 +Settings +\change_unchanged + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\change_inserted -712698321 1526030352 +Here you can set global float placement and alignment options. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -The float placement options are described in the section + +\change_deleted -712698321 1526030366 +The float placement options +\change_inserted -712698321 1526030367 +Details +\change_unchanged + are described in the section \emph on Float \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset + +\change_deleted -712698321 1526031799 Placement +\change_inserted -712698321 1526031800 +Settings +\change_unchanged + \emph default of the \emph on @@ -46387,24 +48502,6 @@ reference "subsec:Document-Font" . \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -With the option -\family sans -Use pixmap cache to speed up font rendering -\family default - enabled, \SpecialChar LyX - needs to redraw the screen less often. - This results in better performance, especially on slow systems. - On the other hand, the characters might look more fuzzy on screen. - So whether you enable this or not depends on whether you prefer speed over - aesthetics. - Note that the Pixmap Cache is only available and useful under Mac -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -OS and Windows. -\end_layout - \begin_layout Subsection Colors \begin_inset Index idx @@ -47161,7 +49258,15 @@ Document \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -templates This directory will be opened when you use the menu +templates This directory +\change_inserted -712698321 1553354019 +contains the templates that are shown +\change_deleted -712698321 1553354025 +will be opened when you use the menu +\change_inserted -712698321 1553354026 +in +\change_unchanged + \family sans File\SpecialChar menuseparator New @@ -47182,16 +49287,34 @@ Example \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -files This directory will be opened when you use the button +files This directory +\change_deleted -712698321 1553354035 +will be opened when you use the +\change_inserted -712698321 1553354048 +contains the example files that are listed in +\change_unchanged + +\change_deleted -712698321 1553352959 +button \family sans Examples \family default - in the + in the +\change_unchanged + \family sans File\SpecialChar menuseparator Open +\change_inserted -712698321 1553352950 + Example +\change_deleted -712698321 1553352963 + \family default - dialog. + dialog +\change_unchanged +. +\change_deleted -712698321 1553354004 + \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset @@ -47215,6 +49338,8 @@ Examples \end_inset +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -47946,6 +50071,8 @@ text \end_layout \begin_layout Description + +\change_deleted -712698321 1534601711 Date \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -47998,6 +50125,8 @@ For example the format \end_inset prints the date as day/month/year. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -48040,6 +50169,8 @@ Settings ! \SpecialChar LaTeX \end_layout \begin_layout Description + +\change_deleted -712698321 1524413534 Use \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset @@ -48100,6 +50231,8 @@ T1, T2B \SpecialChar LyX sets up in the background. So there is no need to change the default encoding. +\change_unchanged + \end_layout \begin_layout Description @@ -48576,6 +50709,7 @@ reference "tab:Units" \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h +alignment document wide false sideways false status open @@ -49455,7 +51589,7 @@ status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout -http://texcatalogue.ctan.org/bytopic.html +https://ctan.org/topic \end_layout \end_inset