X-Git-Url: https://git.lyx.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=lib%2Fdoc%2FMath.lyx;h=064438495e4c7d744e06b45e99e3a4f7ed7fb040;hb=5fd5b8be71515fcf56fca05ec2be6ef68cd1647d;hp=cd3a51480b7fef44221d22f347e1fc69c9c40915;hpb=921aa36b08b1c07a6105660877831a409cf78e15;p=lyx.git diff --git a/lib/doc/Math.lyx b/lib/doc/Math.lyx index cd3a51480b..064438495e 100644 --- a/lib/doc/Math.lyx +++ b/lib/doc/Math.lyx @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -#LyX 2.0.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ -\lyxformat 401 +#LyX 2.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ +\lyxformat 413 \begin_document \begin_header \textclass scrartcl @@ -41,11 +41,13 @@ \AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand{\ref}[1]{\mbox{\autoref{#1}}}} \newlength{\abc} \settowidth{\abc}{\space} +\AtBeginDocument{% \addto\extrasenglish{ \renewcommand{\equationautorefname}{\hspace{-\abc}} \renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace} \renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace} \renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}} +} % don't load packages twice % see first footnote in sec. 9.3 @@ -69,14 +71,13 @@ % provides caption formatting \setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries} -% used in Kap. 22.6 +% used in sec. 23.6 \usepackage[samesize]{cancel} -% enables calculation of values, +% enables calculation of values \usepackage{calc} -% for multiple table row and column cells -\usepackage{multirow} +% for multiple columns used in sec. 23.7 \usepackage{multicol} % needed in sec. 19.4 @@ -85,9 +86,6 @@ % for the Fourier transformation symbol \usepackage{mathrsfs} -% center multirows (e.g. in sec. 13.3) -\renewcommand{\multirowsetup}{\centering} - % define a color, used in sec.9.3 \definecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5} @@ -112,9 +110,6 @@ \def\mathclap {\mathpalette \mathclapinternal} \def\mathclapinternal #1#2{\clap{$\mathsurround =0pt #1{#2}$}} -% redefine the greyed out note -\renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} - {\textcolor{blue}\bgroup}{\egroup} % ------------------------------------ % used to check for needed LaTeX packages @@ -150,17 +145,18 @@ \setboolean{upgreek}{true}} {\setboolean{upgreek}{false}} \end_preamble -\options bibtotoc,idxtotoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,tablecaptionabove +\options bibliography=totoc,index=totoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,captions=tableheading \use_default_options false \maintain_unincluded_children false \language english +\language_package default \inputencoding auto \fontencoding global \font_roman default \font_sans default \font_typewriter default \font_default_family default -\use_xetex false +\use_non_tex_fonts false \font_sc false \font_osf false \font_sf_scale 100 @@ -187,7 +183,7 @@ \pdf_colorlinks true \pdf_backref false \pdf_pdfusetitle false -\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false, pdfpagelabels" +\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false" \papersize a4paper \use_geometry false \use_amsmath 2 @@ -199,6 +195,8 @@ \use_indices false \paperorientation portrait \suppress_date false +\use_refstyle 0 +\notefontcolor #0000ff \index Index \shortcut idx \color #008000 @@ -217,6 +215,7 @@ \tracking_changes false \output_changes false \html_math_output 0 +\html_css_as_file 0 \html_be_strict false \end_header @@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ braket, cancel, eurosym, \series default \series bold -mhchem, multirow +mhchem \series default and \series bold @@ -2074,7 +2073,8 @@ cfrac \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} \textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash frac}} & & \textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}}\\ \frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\cfrac{E}{F}}{D}} \end{align*} @@ -2262,8 +2262,10 @@ cfrac frac \series default : -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} +\] \end_inset @@ -4587,7 +4589,7 @@ dots \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular - + @@ -4841,7 +4843,7 @@ vdots - + \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout @@ -4852,7 +4854,7 @@ ddots \end_inset - + \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout @@ -4860,6 +4862,31 @@ ddots \end_inset +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +iddots +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\iddots$ +\end_inset + + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -4926,6 +4953,40 @@ ldots \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset +To use +\series bold + +\backslash +iddots +\series default +, one of the options +\family sans +Use mathdots package (automatically) +\family default + must be set in the document settings under +\family sans +Math +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Options +\family default +. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Using the option +\family sans +Use mathdots package +\family default + will improve the appearance of all dots in the documents if their font + style or size is not the default. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace medskip +\end_inset + Specially for matrices there are ellipses that span over several columns. They are created with the command \series bold @@ -4976,12 +5037,14 @@ hdotsfor[2]{4} dots \series default : -\begin_inset Formula \[ +\begin_inset Formula +\[ \left(\begin{array}{cccc} A & B & C & D\\ \hdotsfor[2]{4}\\ q & w & e & r -\end{array}\right)\] +\end{array}\right) +\] \end_inset @@ -5133,7 +5196,8 @@ Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator Matrix \family default . - You will be asked for the number of matrix columns and rows and the alignment. + In the matrix dialog you can specify the number of columns and rows, the + alignment and the decoration. The vertical alignment is hereby only of importance for matrices in inline formulas: \end_layout @@ -5288,7 +5352,12 @@ arg "newline-insert newline" \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset -Parentheses around a matrix can can either be created with the commands +The +\family sans +Decoration +\family default + adds parentheses in the selected style around the matrix. + Alternatively, parentheses can can either be created with the commands \series bold @@ -5752,6 +5821,48 @@ vmatrix \series default is inserted, a blue box appears between two vertical lines where the matrix is inserted. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Note that decorated matrices ignore the vertical alignment. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Note Greyedout +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Note: +\series default + LaTeX limits the number of matrix columns with decorations to 10. + If you need more than 10 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +columns, you have to add this line to the document preamble: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold + +\backslash +setcounter{MaxMatrixCols}{number} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +where +\emph on +number +\emph default + is the number of columns between 11 and 99. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + \end_layout \begin_layout Standard @@ -7146,8 +7257,10 @@ spce ) \series default creates -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\ln(\frac{A}{C})\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\ln(\frac{A}{C}) +\] \end_inset @@ -7199,8 +7312,10 @@ spce right) \series default creates -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right) +\] \end_inset @@ -7309,8 +7424,10 @@ right} creates: \series bold -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\} \] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\} +\] \end_inset @@ -7366,8 +7483,10 @@ g. \end_inset needed for physical vectors: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\left\langle \phi\:\middle|\: J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle \] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\left\langle \phi\:\middle|\: J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle +\] \end_inset @@ -7777,7 +7896,8 @@ reference "sec:Multiline-Formulas" \end_inset , must be used: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd\\ & & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\underbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}_{s} \end{eqnarray*} @@ -7913,7 +8033,8 @@ jot}{-6pt} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} & & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\overbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}^{s}\\ A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd \end{eqnarray*} @@ -8035,13 +8156,6 @@ Arrows can be inserted via the math toolbar button or the commands listed in the following subsections. \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Subsection Horizontal Arrows \begin_inset Index idx @@ -9390,13 +9504,6 @@ reference "sub:Automatic-Bracket-Size" . \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Section Accents \begin_inset CommandInset label @@ -9477,14 +9584,22 @@ status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout +\series bold + \backslash -texorpdfstring is used to avoid that the footnote appears in the PDF-bookmark. +texorpdfstring +\series default + is used to avoid that the footnote appears in the PDF-bookmark. \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout More about +\series bold + \backslash -texorpdfstring is in section +texorpdfstring +\series default + is in section \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Formulas-in-Section" @@ -10475,8 +10590,10 @@ spce n \series default produces: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n} +\] \end_inset @@ -10527,8 +10644,10 @@ spce a \series default produces: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\overset{a}{\maltese}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\overset{a}{\maltese} +\] \end_inset @@ -10981,8 +11100,10 @@ widehat \series default will only be set in the output with a length of three characters, as shown in the following example: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\widetilde{A+B=C-D}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\widetilde{A+B=C-D} +\] \end_inset @@ -11052,8 +11173,10 @@ A=B *** \series default creates: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\underset{***}{A=B}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\underset{***}{A=B} +\] \end_inset @@ -13085,8 +13208,10 @@ fboxsep 3mm \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\boxed{A+B=C}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\boxed{A+B=C} +\] \end_inset @@ -13942,16 +14067,20 @@ An example: \begin_layout Standard \color red -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -\int A=B\label{eq:red}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\int A=B\label{eq:red} +\end{equation} \end_inset \color green -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -\textcolor{red}{\int A=B}\label{eq:redgreen}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\textcolor{red}{\int A=B}\label{eq:redgreen} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -14063,8 +14192,10 @@ fboxsep 1mm \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B} +\] \end_inset @@ -14246,8 +14377,10 @@ darkgreen yellow \series default : -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -\colorbox{darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\colorbox{darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -14668,8 +14801,10 @@ fboxrule}{ \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -14904,8 +15039,10 @@ commented \end_inset using the mathematical textmode: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -5x-7b=3b\textrm{This is a description. It is not separated from the formula ...}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +5x-7b=3b\textrm{This is a description. It is not separated from the formula ...} +\] \end_inset @@ -16135,8 +16272,10 @@ arg "math-limits" \begin_layout Standard The default limits type is this: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}} +\] \end_inset @@ -16147,8 +16286,10 @@ Inline \family default \series default : -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}} +\] \end_inset @@ -16175,8 +16316,10 @@ ointop Display \series default and so set below the integrals: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:VolInt}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:VolInt} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -16225,12 +16368,14 @@ substack are used. To create for example this expression -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} \sum_{\begin{subarray}{c} 0 + @@ -18063,7 +18221,7 @@ ABC \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" +type "shortcuts" arg "font-noun" \end_inset @@ -18119,7 +18277,7 @@ AbC \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" +type "shortcuts" arg "font-bold" \end_inset @@ -18231,7 +18389,7 @@ ABC \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" +type "shortcuts" arg "font-emph" \end_inset @@ -18242,7 +18400,7 @@ arg "font-emph" - + \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout @@ -18270,7 +18428,7 @@ AbC \end_inset - + \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout @@ -18278,6 +18436,57 @@ AbC \end_inset +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +mathscr +\series bold + +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +spce +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\series default +AbC +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\mathscr{AbC}$ +\end_inset + + \end_layout \end_inset @@ -18433,7 +18642,7 @@ AbC \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" +type "shortcuts" arg "font-roman" \end_inset @@ -18489,7 +18698,7 @@ AbC \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" +type "shortcuts" arg "font-sans" \end_inset @@ -18545,7 +18754,7 @@ AbC \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" +type "shortcuts" arg "font-typewriter" \end_inset @@ -18603,8 +18812,10 @@ mathnormal \begin_layout Standard The style commands work also for letters in mathematical constructs: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}} +\] \end_inset @@ -18693,8 +18904,10 @@ mathbf \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash mathbf}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash mathbf} +\] \end_inset @@ -18709,8 +18922,10 @@ To display the formula correctly, the command boldsymbol \series default is used: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash boldsymbol}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash boldsymbol}} +\] \end_inset @@ -18770,8 +18985,10 @@ boldmath \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation in a boldmath environment}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation in a boldmath environment} +\] \end_inset @@ -18813,8 +19030,10 @@ Text Style \family default dialog. Here is a formula in magenta: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}} +\] \end_inset @@ -18877,8 +19096,10 @@ textcolor{darkgreen}{ \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)} +\] \end_inset @@ -19059,13 +19280,6 @@ normalsize is inserted behind the formula in TeX-mode. \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Standard Within a formula the size can be changed using the following size commands: \end_layout @@ -19266,14 +19480,18 @@ huge \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \[ -A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese +\] \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}} +\] \end_inset @@ -19444,13 +19662,6 @@ If a symbol cannot be displayed in different sizes, it will always be displayed in the default size. \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Section Greek Letters \begin_inset Index idx @@ -19466,7 +19677,7 @@ Greek letters \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -All Greek letters can also be inserted via the toolbar button +Greek letters can also be inserted via the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math/alpha.png scale 85 @@ -19474,6 +19685,10 @@ All Greek letters can also be inserted via the toolbar button \end_inset . + All international typesetting norms purport that Greek letters in math + have to be typeset italic/slanted. + In some languages, like French or Russian, they are nevertheless sometimes + typeset upright. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -20380,7 +20595,7 @@ omega \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -How to create upright Greek letters is explained in +How to create special upright Greek letters is explained in \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Upright-small-Greek" @@ -20771,11 +20986,79 @@ var \backslash varGamma \series default - produces: + produces \begin_inset Formula $\varGamma$ \end_inset +. + Another way is to load the package +\series bold +fixmath +\series default + +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\series bold +fixmath +\series default + is part of the LaTeX-package +\series bold +was +\series default + +\begin_inset Index idx +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Packages ! was +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +vspace{4mm} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Index idx +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Packages ! fixmath +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + with the LaTeX-preamble line +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold + +\backslash +usepackage{fixmath} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Then all big Greek letters in a document will automatically be typeset italic. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -20905,6 +21188,13 @@ theta \end_inset +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + \end_layout \begin_layout Section @@ -25713,8 +26003,10 @@ x=B \begin_layout Standard In a displayed formula the limit is set below the formula, as usual: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\lim_{x\to A}x=B\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\lim_{x\to A}x=B +\] \end_inset @@ -25741,7 +26033,8 @@ The modulo-function is special, because it exists in four variants. \begin_layout Standard The variants in a displayed formula: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} \underline{\textrm{Command}\raisebox{-0.9mm}{}} & & \underline{\textrm{Result}}\\ \mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\mod b\\ \mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pmod b\\ @@ -27654,6 +27947,13 @@ textdegree fi} \end_layout +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + \begin_layout Section Formula Styles \begin_inset CommandInset label @@ -27944,7 +28244,8 @@ Formula ! multiline ! Line separation \begin_layout Standard There is sometimes not enough space in multiline formulas between the lines: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\ 4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0 \end{eqnarray*} @@ -28151,7 +28452,8 @@ jot}{3mm+3pt} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\ 4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0 \end{eqnarray*} @@ -28309,7 +28611,8 @@ arraycolsep}{1cm} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} A & = & B\\ C & \ne & A \end{eqnarray*} @@ -28336,7 +28639,8 @@ arraycolsep}{5pt} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} A & = & B\\ C & \ne & A \end{eqnarray*} @@ -28368,7 +28672,8 @@ Long formulas can be typeset using these methods: When one side of the equation is much shorther than the line width, this one is chosen for the left side and the right side is typeset over two lines: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray} H & = & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\nonumber \\ & & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:shortlong} \end{eqnarray} @@ -28449,7 +28754,8 @@ lefteqn is used. It is inserted to the first column of the first line and effects that all further insertions overwrite the following columns: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray} \lefteqn{4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}}\nonumber \\ & & -\hspace{3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\ & & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn} @@ -28583,7 +28889,8 @@ Brackets ! for multiline expressions \begin_layout Standard For brackets spanning multiple lines the following problem occurs: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} A & = & \sin(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\ & & \left.\cdots+B-D\right] \end{eqnarray*} @@ -28757,7 +29064,8 @@ vphantom \begin_layout Standard The result is this: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} A & = & \sin(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\ & & \left.\vphantom{\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}}\cdots+B-D\right] \end{eqnarray*} @@ -28861,7 +29169,8 @@ AMS align Environment \begin_layout Standard An example for two formulas set side by side, that are created with a four column align environment: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} A & =\sin(B) & C & =D\\ C & \ne A & B & \ne D \end{align*} @@ -28961,7 +29270,8 @@ The above example in the alignat environment where 1 \end_inset cm space was inserted at the beginning of the second formula: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{alignat*}{2} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{alignat*}{2} A & =\sin(B) & \hspace{1cm}C & =D\\ C & \ne A & B & \ne D \end{alignat*} @@ -28998,7 +29308,8 @@ Formula ! multiline ! flalign environment In this environment the first two columns are always set as much as possible to the left and the last two ones to the right. An example: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{flalign*} A & =1 & B & =2 & C & =3\\ X & =\textrm{-}1 & Y & =\textrm{-}2 & Z & =4 \end{flalign*} @@ -29024,8 +29335,10 @@ reference "eq:VolInt" \end_inset : -\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign} -\hspace{30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {}\end{flalign} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{flalign} +\hspace{30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {} +\end{flalign} \end_inset @@ -29068,7 +29381,8 @@ When this environment has been created, three blue boxes appear. one left aligned. The content of the middle box appears centered and a bit smaller, because it is designed to insert there only relation characters. -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray*} \frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D}\\ AB & AB & AB\\ A & = & A @@ -29096,7 +29410,8 @@ Formula ! multiline ! gather environment \begin_layout Standard This environment consists of only one centered column. Every line can be numbered. -\begin_inset Formula \begin{gather} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{gather} A=1\\ X=\textrm{-}1 \end{gather} @@ -29141,7 +29456,8 @@ reference "eq:lefteqn" \end_inset in the multline environment: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{multline} 4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\ -B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\\ =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}} @@ -29290,7 +29606,8 @@ multlinegap}{2cm} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{multline} 4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\ \shoveleft{-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\ =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}} @@ -29375,11 +29692,13 @@ The first three have the same properties as the corresponding multiline formula environments, but it is possible to set further formula parts beside them. An example: -\begin_inset Formula \[ +\begin_inset Formula +\[ \left.\begin{aligned}\Delta x\Delta p & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\\ \Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2} \end{aligned} -\right\} \textrm{Uncertainty relations}\] +\right\} \textrm{Uncertainty relations} +\] \end_inset @@ -29425,7 +29744,8 @@ reference "eq:shortlong" \end_inset in the aligned environment: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} \begin{aligned}H=\; & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\\ & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|} \end{aligned} @@ -29590,7 +29910,8 @@ intertext must hereby be at the beginning of a line and appears in the output above this line. An example where the text was inserted at the beginning of the second line: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{align} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align} I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\ \intertext{\text{integrand is symmetric to \ensuremath{\phi=\pi}, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi \end{align} @@ -29598,6 +29919,13 @@ I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\ \end_inset +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + \end_layout \begin_layout Section @@ -29952,8 +30280,10 @@ end{subequations} \begin_layout Standard An example: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -A=C-B\label{eq:a}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +A=C-B\label{eq:a} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -29988,14 +30318,18 @@ begin{subequations} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -B=C-A\label{eq:b}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +B=C-A\label{eq:b} +\end{equation} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -C=A+B\label{eq:c}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +C=A+B\label{eq:c} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -30210,7 +30544,8 @@ begin{subequations} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray} A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\label{eq:d}\\ & = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{2}\nonumber \\ & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f} @@ -30328,8 +30663,10 @@ tag \end_inset is used: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -A+B=C\tag{something}\label{eq:tag}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +A+B=C\tag{something}\label{eq:tag} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -30376,8 +30713,10 @@ spce something \series default is inserted instead, the star prevents the parentheses around the expression: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -A+B=C\tag*{something}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +A+B=C\tag*{something} +\] \end_inset @@ -30759,8 +31098,10 @@ numberwithin{equation}{section} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -A+B=C\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +A+B=C +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -31171,8 +31512,10 @@ roman{equation}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -A=\textrm{small roman}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +A=\textrm{small roman} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -31194,8 +31537,10 @@ Roman{equation}} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -B=\textrm{big Roman}\label{eq:Rom}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +B=\textrm{big Roman}\label{eq:Rom} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -31217,8 +31562,10 @@ alph{equation}} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -C=\textrm{small Latin}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +C=\textrm{small Latin} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -31240,8 +31587,10 @@ Alph{equation}} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -D=\textrm{big Latin}\label{eq:Lat}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +D=\textrm{big Latin}\label{eq:Lat} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -31294,8 +31643,10 @@ arabic{equation}} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -E=\textrm{Arabic}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +E=\textrm{Arabic} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -31388,8 +31739,10 @@ The . The chemical equation for this is: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:chem-reaction}\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:chem-reaction} +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -32165,7 +32518,8 @@ reference "eq:TEOS-reaction-2" are an example of a multi-stage chemical reaction where every equation has its own number. -\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{eqnarray} \ce{TEOS + 4O} & \ce{->} & \ce{Si(OH)4 + 4C2H4O}\label{eq:TEOS-reaction-1}\\ \ce{Si(OH)4} & \ce{->} & \ce{SiO2 + 2H2O}\label{eq:TEOS-reaction-2} \end{eqnarray} @@ -32225,13 +32579,6 @@ key "mhchem" . \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Section Diagrams \end_layout @@ -32265,11 +32612,13 @@ Diagrams ! amscd \begin_layout Standard Diagrams of this type visualize relations by vertical and horizontal lines or arrows: -\begin_inset Formula \[ +\begin_inset Formula +\[ \begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\ @AAA@.@VVV\\ F@<<j>>B@>>k>C@=F\\ @AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\ D@<k>>F@=C -\end{CD}\] +\end{CD} +\] \end_inset @@ -33294,14 +33645,18 @@ User-defined commands are especially convenient for complex expressions. When you are for example dealing in a document with quadratic equations, the same solution type occurs several times. The general form of a quadratic equation is -\begin_inset Formula \[ -0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q +\] \end_inset The general form of the solution is -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q} +\] \end_inset @@ -33630,8 +33985,10 @@ Here is our macro example with the arguments \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\qG x{\ln(x)}B\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\qG x{\ln(x)}B +\] \end_inset @@ -33793,7 +34150,6 @@ The macro toolbar contains from left to right the following buttons: \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-remove-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -33829,7 +34185,6 @@ Remove Last Argument \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-add-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -33865,7 +34220,6 @@ Append Argument \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-make-optional.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -33924,7 +34278,6 @@ Optional Argument \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-make-nonoptional.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -33983,7 +34336,6 @@ Non-Optional Argument \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-remove-optional-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -34019,7 +34371,6 @@ Remove Optional Argument \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-add-optional-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -34055,7 +34406,6 @@ Insert Optional Argument \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-remove-greedy-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -34114,7 +34464,6 @@ Spitting Out To The Right \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-append-greedy-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -34173,7 +34522,6 @@ Eating From The Right \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/math-macro-add-greedy-optional-param.png - BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp rotateOrigin center \end_inset @@ -34232,6 +34580,148 @@ Eating From The Right \end_layout +\begin_layout Section +Computer Algebra Systems +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +LyX offers the exchange between mathematical expressions written in LyX's + math editor and external applications or user defined scripts. + Currently supported applications are +\family sans +Maple +\family default +, +\family sans +Mathematica +\family default +, +\family sans +Maxima +\family default + and +\family sans +Octave +\family default +. + Note that the set of supported mathematical constructs is limited only + to very simple cases. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Usage +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Write some expression in a formula, go to the +\family sans +Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator +Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator +Use Computer Algebra System +\family default + menu and choose the application you have installed on the computer. + After that the result of computation should show on the right side of the + expression together with the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + += +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + operator. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Here are few simple examples (with results from +\family typewriter +Maxima +\family default +) to show what kind of computations can be performed: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37}{3}*2-\sum_{i=1}^{3}i^{i}=-\frac{22}{3}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37.0}{3}=12.33333333333333$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Formula $\int_{1}^{2}\sin(x)dx=\cos1-\cos2$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Formula $\det\left[\begin{array}{ccc} +1 & 6 & 7\\ +2 & 5 & 8\\ +3 & 4 & 17 +\end{array}\right]=-56$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\rightarrow0}\left(\frac{\sin(x)}{x}\right)=1$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Keyboard shortcut +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Currently there is no keyboard shortcut for calling the algebra applications. + One can easily bind a shortcut to the +\family sans +math-extern +\family default + LyX function (see the +\family sans +\emph on +LyX Functions +\family default +\emph default + manual). + One could e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +bind the +\family sans +Return +\family default + key inside the math editor. + To bind it to +\family typewriter +Maxima +\family default + one would use this shortcut definition command: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold +command-alternatives break-paragraph;math-extern maxima +\end_layout + \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Newpage newpage \end_inset @@ -34668,8 +35158,10 @@ The command Braket \series default assures that all vertical bars are set in the size of the surrounding brackets: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}} +\] \end_inset @@ -35048,7 +35540,8 @@ genfrac{}{}{#1}{}{#2}{#3}} \begin_layout Standard A test: -\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} \text{Command} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[1mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[5mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B}\\ \text{Result} & & \fracS[1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS[5mm]{A}{B} \end{align*} @@ -35357,8 +35850,10 @@ A=B cancelto \series default is especially suitable to visualize the reduction of fractions within formulas: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}} +\] \end_inset @@ -35876,8 +36371,10 @@ end{multicols} \end_inset -\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} -S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi\end{equation} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi +\end{equation} \end_inset @@ -36110,12 +36607,14 @@ reference "eq:within" consists of five columns whereas in the first two columns contain the equation, the third the matrix and the last one an empty TeX-brace. -\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign} +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{flalign} \hspace{30pt}F_{A} & =\rho·V·g & \footnotesize\begin{array}{ll} \rho & \textrm{density}\\ V & \textrm{volume}\\ g & \textrm{gravitational acceleration} -\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}\end{flalign} +\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within} +\end{flalign} \end_inset @@ -36263,8 +36762,10 @@ uptau \begin_layout Standard With these commands reactions of elementary particles can be typeset: -\begin_inset Formula \[ -\uppi^{+}\to\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}\] +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\uppi^{+}\to\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu} +\] \end_inset @@ -36741,22 +37242,8 @@ spce \end_inset - -\backslash -{F +F \series default - -\begin_inset Index idx -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Commands ! M ! -\backslash -mathscr -\end_layout - -\end_inset - or via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator @@ -36773,36 +37260,6 @@ Symbols \end_inset -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -To be able to use the command -\series bold - -\backslash -mathscr -\series default -, the LaTeX package -\series bold -mathrsfs -\series default - -\begin_inset Index idx -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Packages ! mathrsfs -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - needs to be loaded with the LaTeX-preamble line -\series bold - -\backslash -usepackage{mathrsfs} -\series default -. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard