-#This file was created by <mike> Tue Jan 25 11:50:08 2000
-#LyX 1.0 (C) 1995-1999 Matthias Ettrich and the LyX Team
-\lyxformat 2.15
+#LyX 1.4.0cvs created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 243
+\begin_document
+\begin_header
\textclass article
\begin_preamble
\usepackage{multicol}
\end_preamble
-\language default
+\language english
\inputencoding default
\fontscheme default
\graphics default
\paperfontsize default
-\spacing single
-\papersize Default
-\paperpackage a4
-\use_geometry 0
+\spacing single
+\papersize default
+\use_geometry false
\use_amsmath 0
+\cite_engine basic
+\use_bibtopic false
\paperorientation portrait
\secnumdepth 3
\tocdepth 3
\papercolumns 1
\papersides 1
\paperpagestyle default
+\tracking_changes false
+\output_changes true
+\end_header
-\layout Title
+\begin_body
+
+\begin_layout Title
Multiple Columns
-\layout Author
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Author
by
-\noun on
+\noun on
Lars Gullik Bjønnes
-\layout Section
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
Purpose
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
The aim for this chapter is to show how the LaTeX package
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicol
-\family default
+\family default
can be used in a LyX document.
As LyX doesn't support the
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicol
-\family default
+\family default
package natively yet, we have to use some small hacks.
By reading this section it should be obvious how to do this.
-\layout Subsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
Limitations
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
The
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicol
-\family default
+\family default
package allows switching between one and multicolumn format on the same
page.
Footnotes are handled correctly (for the most part), but will be placed
ion.
At the moment only page-wide floats can be used within the scope of the
environment.
-\layout Subsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
Examples
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Two columns
-\layout Standard
-\added_space_bottom -2ex
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
If you want to have two columns in your text, you have use LaTeX mode to
insert
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\family default
+\family default
at the point where you want the two column layout to start, and then
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
-\backslash
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\family default
+\family default
where you want it to end.
Like this:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\begin_inset VSpace -2ex
+\end_inset
-\latex latex
-\backslash
+\end_layout
+
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\layout Standard
-\noindent
+\end_layout
-\series bold
-\size small
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+
+\series bold
+\size small
The Adventure of the Empty House
-\series default
+\series default
-\newline
+\newline
by
-\noun on
+\noun on
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size small
+\size small
It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested, and
the fashionable world dismayed, by the murder of the Honourable Ronald
Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances.
with them, for I should have considered it my first duty to do so, had
I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips, which was
only withdrawn upon the third of last month.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Multiple columns
-\layout Standard
-\added_space_bottom -2ex
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
The same pattern is used when you want more than two columns.
(You can have more than 3 columns if you want , but that might not be very
pleasant for the eye.)
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\begin_inset VSpace -2ex
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{3}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size footnotesize
+
+\size footnotesize
It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested
me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to
read with care the various problems which came before the public.
found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate.
At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts
as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Columns inside columns
-\layout Standard
-\added_space_bottom -2ex
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
You can even have columns inside columns:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\begin_inset VSpace -2ex
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\layout Standard
-\added_space_bottom -2ex
+\end_layout
-\size footnotesize
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth,
at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies.
Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for
cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together
at 427 Park Lane.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\begin_inset VSpace -2ex
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+\end_layout
-\size footnotesize
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
The youth moved in the best society--had, so far as was known, no enemies
and no particular vices.
He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement
Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most
strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty
on the night of March 30, 1894.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+\end_layout
-\size footnotesize
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
Ronald Adair was fond of cards--playing continually, but never for such
stakes as would hurt him.
He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs.
a rubber of whist at the latter club.
He had also played there in the afternoon.
-\size default
+\size default
-\size footnotesize
+\size footnotesize
The evidence of those who had played with him-- Mr.
Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran--showed that the game was whist,
and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards.
actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some
weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral.
So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Subsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
Advanced Examples
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
As you probably know
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicol
-\family default
+\family default
has several customizing variables.
The following examples shows how these can be used from LyX.
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Preface and Skip
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
If there is less than 5cm left on the page, a page break will be inserted
before this bit, which has a preface text above the two columns:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}[
-\latex default
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar \ldots{}
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
][5cm]
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size small
+\size small
On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten.
His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation.
The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second
There were some figures also upon a sheet of paper, with the names of some
club friends opposite to them, from which it was conjectured that before
his death he was endeavouring to make out his losses or winnings at cards.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
-\backslash
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Preface and sections
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
What if you want the preface to be a sectioning command? That can be done,
but only through LaTeX commands inside the parameters for the
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicols
-\family default
+\family default
command.
Because of this, the section command can not be provided by LyX:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}[
-\backslash
+\backslash
subsubsection{
-\latex default
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
This is the sectioning command as a preface
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
}][5cm]
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+\end_inset
-\size small
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more
complex.
In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have
complicated by entire absence of motive, since, as I have said, young Adair
was not known to have any enemy, and no attempt had been made to remove
the money or valuables in the room.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Free Space
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
The
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicol
-\family default
+\family default
package demands that a certain amount of space is available before and
after a multicolumn section.
In addition
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
multicol
-\family default
+\family default
inserts a given space in front of and after the multicol section.
The commands to change the default settings for this must be given just
before the
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}
-\family default
+\family default
.
This example puts a space of 3 cm in front of and after the multicolumn
text:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
setlength{
-\backslash
+\backslash
multicolsep}{3cm}
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+\end_layout
-\size small
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some
theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc
e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat
in the eyes of their owner.
With a snarl of contempt he turned upon his heel, and I saw his curved
back and white side-whiskers disappear among the throng.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Paragraph
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Paragraph
Note:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
The values you set with
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
-\backslash
+\backslash
setlength
-\family default
+\family default
must be reset to default after use, or you will get the modified value
in the rest of your document.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
-\backslash
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
setlength{
-\backslash
+\backslash
multicolsep}{13pt}
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Column Width and Separation
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
The width of the columns inside the
-\family sans
+\family sans
multicols
-\family default
+\family default
environment is automatically calculated, but you can modify the space between
two columns explicitly.
The space between the following two columns is 3 cm wide:
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
setlength{
-\backslash
+\backslash
columnsep}{3cm}
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+\end_layout
-\size small
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
My observations of No.
427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested.
The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the
To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector,
his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his
precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
Once again, we have to reset the value after use to avoid using it in the
rest of the document.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
setlength{
-\backslash
+\backslash
columnsep}{10pt}
-\layout Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
Vertical Lines
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
Between every two columns, a rule of width
-\family typewriter
+\family typewriter
-\backslash
+\backslash
columnseprule
-\family default
+\family default
is placed.
If this rule is set to 0 pt, the rule is suppressed.
In the following example, the line separating the two columns is 2 pt wide.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\latex latex
-\backslash
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\backslash
setlength{
-\backslash
+\backslash
columnseprule}{2pt}
-\backslash
+\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
-\size small
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\size small
\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
You're surprised to see me, sir,
\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
said he, in a strange, croaking voice.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size small
+
+\size small
I acknowledged that I was.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size small
+\size small
\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this
house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step
in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to
him for picking up my books.
\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
+
+\end_layout
-\layout Standard
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size small
+\size small
\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
You make too much of a trifle,
\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
said I.
\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
May I ask how you knew who I was?
\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\size small
+
+\size small
\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for
you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very
happy to see you, I am sure.
Maybe you collect yourself, sir.
Here's
-\noun on
-British
-\protected_separator
+\noun on
+British\InsetSpace ~
Birds
-\noun default
+\noun default
, and
-\noun on
+\noun on
Catullus
-\noun default
+\noun default
, and
-\noun on
+\noun on
The Holy War
-\noun default
+\noun default
--a bargain, every one of them.
With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf.
It looks untidy, does it not, sir?
\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
-\layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+\backslash
end{multicols}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
As usual, we reset the value after use.
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\latex latex
+\begin_layout Standard
-\backslash
+\backslash
setlength{
-\backslash
+\backslash
columnseprule}{0pt}
-\layout Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
You'll have to go to the library to read the rest of the story.
-\begin_float footnote
-\layout Standard
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar \ldots{}
or cheat like we did and find it at the Gutenberg project somewhere on the
Web.
-\end_float
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
Believe it or not, but it's actually a bit of a cliff-hanger at this point
in the story\SpecialChar \ldots{}
-\the_end
+\end_layout
+
+\end_body
+\end_document
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff