\use_geometry false
\use_package amsmath 1
\use_package amssymb 1
-\use_package cancel 0
+\use_package cancel 1
\use_package esint 1
\use_package mathdots 1
-\use_package mathtools 0
+\use_package mathtools 1
\use_package mhchem 1
-\use_package stackrel 0
-\use_package stmaryrd 0
-\use_package undertilde 0
+\use_package stackrel 1
+\use_package stmaryrd 1
+\use_package undertilde 1
\cite_engine basic
\cite_engine_type default
\biblio_style plain
comillas
\family default
- se pueden seleccionar comillas para distintos idiomas.
- Hay seis opciones:
+ se pueden seleccionar comillas para distintos idiomas (nota que \SpecialChar LyX
+
+\lang english
+makes a sensible proposal for the selected main language
+\lang spanish
+).
+ Hay 14
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+opciones:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Labeling
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+\noindent
\family sans
+\lang english
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-Texto
+Outer
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes els
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes ers
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- Comillas como
+ Produces
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-estas
+these outer
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes els
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes ers
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+g., in the US)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Labeling
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
\family sans
+\lang english
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
-Texto
-\begin_inset Quotes srd
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes sls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes srs
\end_inset
\family default
- Comillas como
+ Produces
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
-estas
-\begin_inset Quotes srd
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes sls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes srs
\end_inset
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+g., in Sweden)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Labeling
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
\family sans
+\lang english
\begin_inset Quotes gld
\end_inset
-Texto
+Outer
\begin_inset Quotes grd
\end_inset
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes gls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes grs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- Comillas como
+ Produces
\begin_inset Quotes gld
\end_inset
-estas
+these outer
\begin_inset Quotes grd
\end_inset
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes gls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes grs
+\end_inset
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Germany)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Labeling
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
\family sans
+\lang english
\begin_inset Quotes pld
\end_inset
-Texto
+Outer
\begin_inset Quotes prd
\end_inset
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes pls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes prs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- Comillas como
+ Produces
\begin_inset Quotes pld
\end_inset
-estas
+these outer
\begin_inset Quotes prd
\end_inset
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes pls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes prs
+\end_inset
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Poland)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Labeling
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
\family sans
+\lang english
\begin_inset Quotes cld
\end_inset
-Texto
+Outer
\begin_inset Quotes crd
\end_inset
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes cls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes crs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- Comillas como
+ Produces
\begin_inset Quotes cld
\end_inset
-estas
+these outer
\begin_inset Quotes crd
\end_inset
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes cls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes crs
+\end_inset
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Switzerland)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Labeling
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
\family sans
-»Texto«
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes ald
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes ard
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes als
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes ars
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- Comillas como »estas«
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes ald
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes ard
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes als
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes ars
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Denmark)
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-Por otra parte, para generar comillas rectas usa el menú
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
\family sans
-Insertar\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Carácter
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes qrd
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes qrd
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-especial\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Comillas
+and
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-rectas
+
+\begin_inset Quotes qls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes qls
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- o teclea
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes qrd
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes qrd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes qls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes qls
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (so-called plain or non-typographical quotation marks)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
\family sans
-Ctrl+"
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes bld
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes brd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes bls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes brs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
-.
- Esto genera
-\family typewriter
-"
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes bld
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes brd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes bls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes brs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Great Britain)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
+\family sans
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes fld
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes fls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes frs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- en cualquier caso.
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes fld
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes fls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes frs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in France)
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-Para insertar comillas simples, usa el menú
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
\family sans
-Insertar\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Carácter
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes ild
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes ird
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-especial\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Comillas
+and
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-simples
+
+\begin_inset Quotes ils
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes irs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
- o teclea
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes ild
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes ird
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes ils
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes irs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (another style common in France)
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\lang english
+Maybe you wonder why one does not simply use only outer marks in this case,
+ since these look identical to the inner marks.
+ The answer is that you cannot easily switch to another style then (where
+ the inner marks differ).
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
\family sans
-Alt+"
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes rld
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes rrd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes rls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes rrs
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
-.
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes rld
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes rrd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes rls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes rrs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Russia)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
+\family sans
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes wld
+\end_inset
+
+Outer
+\begin_inset Quotes wrd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes wls
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes wrs
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes wld
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes wrd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes wls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes wrs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (another style common in Sweden)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes jld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Outer
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes jrd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes jls
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+inner
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes jrs
+\end_inset
+
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes jld
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes jrd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes jls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes jrs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in Japan)
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\lang english
+Note that these characters are just emulated with similar-looking math symbols
+ in many encodings that do not cover these glyphs.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring <<Outer>> and <<inner>>:
+
+\lang english
+\begin_inset Quotes kld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Outer
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes krd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes kls
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+inner
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes krs
+\end_inset
+
+ Produces
+\begin_inset Quotes kld
+\end_inset
+
+these outer
+\begin_inset Quotes krd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes kls
+\end_inset
+
+these inner
+\begin_inset Quotes krs
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks (as common, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., in North Korea and China)
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\lang english
+Note that these characters are just emulated with similar-looking math symbols
+ in many encodings that do not cover these glyphs.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+Inner quotation marks
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\lang english
+In many writing cultures, these are single quotation marks.
+ But as the British and French styles show, this is not necessarily the
+ case (and specifically the British style shows that
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+outer
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ does not necessarily mean
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+double
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ This is why we call them
+\begin_inset Quotes els
+\end_inset
+
+inner
+\begin_inset Quotes ers
+\end_inset
+
+ as opposed to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+outer
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ quotation marks.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for quotations inside quotations (and other tasks in some languages, such
+ as
+\begin_inset Quotes els
+\end_inset
+
+scare quotes
+\begin_inset Quotes ers
+\end_inset
+
+) can be obtained by means of the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "quote-insert inner"
+\end_inset
+
+ and via
+\lang spanish
+el menú
+\lang english
+\family sans
+\lang spanish
+Insertar\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Carácter
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+especial
+\family default
+\lang english
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+By default, the quotation mark styles are persistent.
+ That is to say, a quotation mark maintains the style that was current when
+ it was inserted, even if the document-wide style changes.
+ This allows you to enter marks of different style.
+ If you check the setting
+\family sans
+Use dynamic quotation marks
+\family default
+ in
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Language
+\family default
+, however, special quotation marks will be inserted (in the LyX window,
+ they appear in a special color).
+ These marks will automatically adapt to the main style (and its changes).
+ Such quotation marks make it easy to alter the quotation mark style in
+ one step (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., if your publisher requests a different style).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+Individual quotation marks (i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e., their level [inner, outer], side [opening, closing], and style) can be
+ easily switched by a context menu that pops up if you right-click on a
+ mark.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
status open
\begin_layout Standard
-Pregunta: ¿Quién fue el primer Nobel de Física?
+
+\series bold
+Pregunta:
+\series default
+ ¿Quién fue el primer Nobel de Física?
\end_layout
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
-Respuesta: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
+
+\series bold
+Respuesta:
+\series default
+ Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
\end_layout
\end_inset
si ambas ramas están activas.
Esto ayuda a exportar fácilmente diferentes versiones del documento sin
mucha molestia.
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+There are also inverted branch insets, whose content is output just in case
+ the branch is
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ activated.
+ This make it easy to add alternative text for different versions of a document.
+ To control whether a particular inset is inverted, right-click on the inset
+ button and choose
+\family sans
+Invert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Inset
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Branch Respuesta
+inverted 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+\lang english
+No answer:
+\series default
+ Because the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Answer
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ branch is deactivated.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Inserta la fecha actual.
El formato de fecha depende del idioma usado para los menús de \SpecialChar LyX
.
- \SpecialChar LyX
- ofrece otras formas de insertar una fecha, tal como se describe en la
- sección
-\emph on
- Material externo
-\emph default
- del manual
-\emph on
-Objetos insertados
-\emph default
-.
- Ahí se comparan los diversos métodos.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Aquí se elige el estilo de las citas bibliográficas usando los paquetes
\SpecialChar LaTeX
+\series bold
+biblatex
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\SpecialChar LaTeX
+, paquetes ! biblatex
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
\series bold
natbib
\series default
\end_inset
-, se pueden habilitar bibliografías subdivididas usando el paquete \SpecialChar LaTeX
+.
+
+\lang english
+If you use
+\lang spanish
+ Bib\SpecialChar TeX
+ se pueden habilitar bibliografías subdivididas usando el paquete \SpecialChar LaTeX
\series bold
bibtopic
\end_inset
- y se puede seleccionar un
+.
+
+\lang english
+If you use Biblatex, you can select the style files and specify further
+ options.
+ Finally
+\lang spanish
+ se puede seleccionar un
+\lang english
+document-specific
+\lang spanish
+
\family sans
Procesador
\family default
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff