-#LyX 1.6.8svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 345
+#LyX 2.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 474
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass scrartcl
\renewcommand{\l@subsection}{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.8em}}
\renewcommand{\l@subsubsection}{\@dottedtocline{3}{4.3em}{3.6em}}
-% To be able to enter the character ° and · directly in LyX,
-% see sec. 22.11
-\DeclareInputText{176}{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi}
-\DeclareInputText{183}{\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi}
-
% increase link area for cross-references and autoname them,
\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand{\ref}[1]{\mbox{\autoref{#1}}}}
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- \renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
- \renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
- \renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}}
+\addto\extrasspanish{%
+ \renewcommand*{\equationautorefname}[1]{}%
+ \renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}%
+ \renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}%
+ \renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}%
+}
% don't load packages twice
% see first footnote in sec. 9.3
% provides caption formatting
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries}
-% used in Kap. 22.6
-\usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
-
-% enables calculation of values,
+% enables calculation of values
\usepackage{calc}
-% for multiple table row and column cells
-\usepackage{multirow}
+% for multiple columns used in sec. 24.7
\usepackage{multicol}
% needed in sec. 19.4
% for the Fourier transformation symbol
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
-% center multirows (e.g. in sec. 13.3)
-\renewcommand{\multirowsetup}{\centering}
-
% define a color, used in sec.9.3
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\DeclareMathOperator*{\Lozenge}{\blacklozenge}
\DeclareMathOperator{\sgn}{sgn}
-\newcommand{\spce}{\textvisiblespace}
-
% example definitions for sec. 20.1
\newcommand{\gr}{\Longrightarrow}
\newcommand{\us}[1]{\underline{#1}}
\def\mathclap {\mathpalette \mathclapinternal}
\def\mathclapinternal #1#2{\clap{$\mathsurround =0pt #1{#2}$}}
-% redefine the greyed out note
-\renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout}
- {\textcolor{blue}\bgroup}{\egroup}
% ------------------------------------
% used to check for needed LaTeX packages
\usepackage{ifthen}
+% check for package undertilde
+% used for the command \utilde
+\newboolean{undertilde}
+\IfFileExists{undertilde.sty}
+ {\usepackage{undertilde}
+ \setboolean{undertilde}{true}}
+ {\setboolean{undertilde}{false}}
+
% check for package eurosym
% used for the Euro symbol
\newboolean{eurosym}
\setboolean{upgreek}{true}}
{\setboolean{upgreek}{false}}
\end_preamble
-\options bibtotoc,idxtotoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,tablecaptionabove
+\options bibliography=totoc,index=totoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,captions=tableheading
\use_default_options false
+\maintain_unincluded_children false
\language spanish
+\language_package default
\inputencoding auto
+\fontencoding global
\font_roman default
\font_sans default
\font_typewriter default
+\font_math auto
\font_default_family default
+\use_non_tex_fonts false
\font_sc false
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100
\font_tt_scale 100
-
\graphics default
+\default_output_format default
+\output_sync 0
+\bibtex_command default
+\index_command default
\paperfontsize 12
\spacing single
\use_hyperref true
\pdf_colorlinks true
\pdf_backref false
\pdf_pdfusetitle false
-\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false, pdfpagelabels"
+\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false"
\papersize a4paper
\use_geometry false
-\use_amsmath 2
-\use_esint 1
+\use_package amsmath 2
+\use_package amssymb 2
+\use_package cancel 0
+\use_package esint 1
+\use_package mathdots 1
+\use_package mathtools 0
+\use_package mhchem 1
+\use_package stackrel 0
+\use_package stmaryrd 0
+\use_package undertilde 0
\cite_engine basic
+\cite_engine_type default
+\biblio_style plain
\use_bibtopic false
+\use_indices false
\paperorientation portrait
+\suppress_date false
+\justification true
+\use_refstyle 0
+\notefontcolor #0000ff
+\index Índice
+\shortcut idx
+\color #008000
+\end_index
\secnumdepth 4
\tocdepth 3
\paragraph_separation skip
\bullet 3 2 7 -1
\tracking_changes false
\output_changes false
-\author ""
-\author ""
+\html_math_output 0
+\html_css_as_file 0
+\html_be_strict false
\end_header
\begin_body
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-autor: Uwe Stöhr, traducción: Ignacio Garcia
+autor: Uwe Stöhr, traducción: Ignacio García
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-Versión 1.6.x
+Versión 2.1.x
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\begin_layout Standard
Para exportar este documento a PDF, PS o DVI deberían estar instalados los
paquetes LaTeX
\series bold
-braket, cancel, eurosym
-\series default
-,
-\series bold
-mhchem
-\series default
-,
-\series bold
- multirow
+braket, cancel, eurosym, mathdots, mhchem, undertilde
\series default
y
\series bold
\family sans
Documento\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Configuración\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Ecuaciones
+Opciones de ecuación
\family default
)
\begin_inset Foot
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "amsguide.ps"
-target "ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/macros/amstex/doc/amsguide.ps"
+target "ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/doc/amstex/amsguide.pdf"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Para crear una ecuación en línea
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
Para crear una ecuación en estilo presentación
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
displaystyle
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-En las tablas sólo se permiten ecuaciones en línea.
+En los cuadros sólo se permiten ecuaciones en línea.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family default
y
\family sans
-Panel de ecuaciones
+Paneles de ecuaciones
\family default
se pueden visualizar mediante el menú
\family sans
\begin_inset Quotes fld
\end_inset
-Panel de ecuaciones
+Paneles de ecuaciones
\begin_inset Quotes frd
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes fld
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-Panel de ecuaciones
+Paneles de ecuaciones
\begin_inset Quotes frd
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
El modo TeX
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
- se invoca pulsando el botón
+ se inicia pulsando el botón
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/ert-insert.png
scale 85
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Para cambiar el preámbulo LaTeX
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\family default
o la barra de herramientas de
\family sans
-Tabla
+Cuadro
\family default
.
Cuando las líneas y columnas se intercambian mediante el menú, la columna
texto de ecuaciones
\emph default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
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- Este modo se invoca con el atajo
+ Este modo se inicia con el atajo
\family sans
Alt+M
\begin_inset space ~
text
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Para omitir argumentos opcionales, quita también los corchetes asociados.
En este documento, las llaves que encierran los argumentos requeridos se
denominan llaves TeX
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Itemize
El símbolo
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Este carácter, espacio visible, se puede componer con el comando
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-
-\backslash
-textvisiblespace
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Comandos ! T !
-\backslash
-textvisiblespace
+ indica que hay que teclear un espacio.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Una flecha como
+\begin_inset Formula $\rightarrow$
\end_inset
- insertado en código TeX.
-\end_layout
+ indica el uso de la correspondiente tecla de flecha.
+ La tecla
+\family sans
+Tab
+\family default
+ se puede usar a menudo en vez de
+\begin_inset Formula $\rightarrow$
+\end_inset
+ y
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset
- indica que hay que teclear un espacio.
-\end_layout
+, y
+\family sans
+Mayús+Tab
+\family default
+ en vez de
+\begin_inset Formula $\leftarrow$
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Una flecha como
-\begin_inset Formula $\rightarrow$
+ y
+\begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$
\end_inset
- indica el uso de la correspondiente tecla de flecha.
-
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection*
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
-\begin_inset Caption
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset label
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<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
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-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_inset Quotes frd
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- en la fuente actual
+ en la tipografía actual
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes frd
\end_inset
- en la fuente actual
+ en la tipografía actual
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Exponentes
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
e índices
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
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<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
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<row>
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\begin_inset Text
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Resultado
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
B^
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
frac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
de la barra de herramientas.
- El tamaño de fuente se ajusta automáticamente, dependiendo de si la fracción
- está en línea o en estilo presentación.
+ El tamaño de tipografía se ajusta automáticamente, dependiendo de si la
+ fracción está en línea o en estilo presentación.
Con el botón
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math/frac-square.png
dfrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
tfrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
frac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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\end_inset
A
\backslash
dfrac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
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dfrac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
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-\backslash
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e^
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
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-
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frac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
1
cfrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
-\textrm{creada con \textbf{\textbackslash frac} } & & \textrm{creada con }\mathbf{\textbackslash\textbf{cfrac}}\\
-\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\cfrac{E}{F}}{D}}\end{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
+\textrm{creada con \textbf{\textbackslash frac}} & & \textrm{creada con \textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}}\\
+\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\cfrac{E}{F}}{D}}
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\backslash
cfrac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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A
B+
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cfrac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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cfrac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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E
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}$
-\end_inset
- ;
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac{A}{B+C}$
-\end_inset
+\series bold
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}\,,\,\cfrac{A}{B+C}\,,\,\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}
+\]
- ;
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}$
\end_inset
frac
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}
+\]
\end_inset
nicefrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
se explica cómo componer fracciones personalizadas en las que la raya de
fracción se puede cambiar.
-
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Raíces
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
sqrt
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
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+ de la barra de ecuaciones; todas las demás raíces con el comando
\series bold
\backslash
root
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
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\begin_inset Text
\backslash
sqrt
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
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-\end_layout
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A-B
\backslash
root
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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3
leftroot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
uproot
\series default
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
beta
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Coeficientes de un binomio
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
binom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
dbinom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
tbinom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
brace
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
brack
\series default
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
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<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
binom
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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\end_inset
A
\backslash
dbinom
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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\backslash
tbinom
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
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-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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A
\backslash
brack
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
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-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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A
\backslash
brace
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\begin_layout Subsection
Diferenciaciones de casos
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
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<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
cases
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\end_inset
B>0
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
cases
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{cases}
A & \textrm{para }x>0\\
-B & \textrm{para }x=0\end{cases}$
+B & \textrm{para }x=0
+\end{cases}$
\end_inset
de la barra de ecuaciones puedes añadir líneas nuevas con el atajo
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
o con el botón
\family sans
\end_inset
- de la barra de tablas.
+ de la barra de cuadros.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Subsection
Negaciones
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
not
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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phantom
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status collapsed
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\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
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hphantom
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status collapsed
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vphantom
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-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
hay un ejemplo de aplicación.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Los espacios reservados también se pueden usar para un texto cuando se insertan
+ mediante el menú
+\family sans
+Insertar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formato\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Fantasma
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Esto es una frase.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom Phantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Esto
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ es una frase.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Líneas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
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-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
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overline
-\begin_inset ERT
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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status collapsed
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\backslash
underline
-\begin_inset ERT
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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A+B
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status collapsed
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\backslash
overline
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
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-spce
-\end_layout
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\end_inset
\backslash
underline
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A+B
rule
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
rule
\series default
- también se puede usar para texto si se inserta en modo TeX.
+ también se puede usar para texto insertando una línea mediante el menú
+
+\family sans
+Insertar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formato\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Línea horizontal
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Esto es una frase
+\begin_inset CommandInset line
+LatexCommand rule
+offset "0.5ex"
+width "3cm"
+height "1pt"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ con una línea insertada.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Hay distintos tipos de puntos disponibles.
\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
En la barra de herramientas de ecuaciones, en el panel del botón
ldots
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
cdots
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
dots
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
,
\backslash
dots
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
,A_n
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+
\backslash
dots
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+A_n
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
,
\backslash
ldots
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
,A_n
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+
\backslash
cdots
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
++A_n
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A_{1}+\cdots+A_{n}$
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-spce
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-+A_n
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+vdots
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A_{1}+\cdots+A_{n}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-vdots
+ddots
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$
+\begin_inset Formula $\ddots$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ddots
+iddots
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ddots$
+\begin_inset Formula $\iddots$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{ccc}
A_{11} & \cdots & A_{1m}\\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\
-A_{n1} & \cdots & A_{nm}\end{array}$
+A_{n1} & \cdots & A_{nm}
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
ldots
\series default
.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+Para usar
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+iddots
+\series default
+, hay que marcar una de las opciones
+\family sans
+Usar paquete mathdots (automáticamente)
+\family default
+ en las
+\family sans
+Opciones de ecuación
+\family default
+ de la configuración del documento.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+La opción
+\family sans
+Usar paquete mathdots
+\family default
+ mejorará el aspecto de todos los puntos en los documentos si su estilo
+ o tamaño de tipografía no son los predeterminados.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
Hay puntos específicos para matrices que se extienden por varias columnas.
Se generan con el comando
\series bold
hdotsfor
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
dots
\series default
.
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D\\
\hdotsfor[2]{4}\\
-q & w & e & r\end{array}\right)\]
+q & w & e & r
+\end{array}\right)
+\]
\end_inset
dotfill
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
dotfill
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
hrulefill
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Matriz
\family default
.
- Aparece una ventana en la que se pide el número de filas y columnas y la
- alineación.
+ Aparece una ventana en la que se pide el número de filas y columnas, la
+ alineación y la decoración.
La alineación vertical sólo es relevante para matrices en línea:
\end_layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}[t]{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
-D & F & I & L\end{array}$
+D & F & I & L
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
, la segunda alineación central
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
-D & F & I & L\end{array}$
+D & F & I & L
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
, y la tercera alineación inferior
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}[b]{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
-D & F & I & L\end{array}$
+D & F & I & L
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
.
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{lll}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
-C & F & 10000\end{array}$
+C & F & 10000
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
,
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{ccc}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
-C & F & 10000\end{array}$
+C & F & 10000
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{rrr}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
-C & F & 10000\end{array}$
+C & F & 10000
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
.
También se pueden añadir filas nuevas con
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
.
\end_layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Se pueden poner paréntesis alrededor de una matriz con los comandos
+La
+\family sans
+Decoración
+\family default
+ añade paréntesis en el estilo seleccionado alrededor de la matriz.
+ Alternativamente, se pueden generar paréntesis con los comandos
\series bold
\backslash
left
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
right
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
bmatrix
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\backslash
Bmatrix
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2×2
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{Bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\backslash
pmatrix
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{pmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{pmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{pmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
vmatrix
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\backslash
Vmatrix
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{Vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\backslash
matrix
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{matrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{matrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{matrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\series default
, aparece un recuadro azul entre dos líneas verticales donde se inserta
la matriz.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Hay que tener en cuenta que las matrices decoradas ignoran el alineamiento
+ vertical.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
arraycolsep
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
arraystretch
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
renewcommand{
\backslash
arraystretch}{factor de separación}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
smallmatrix
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Esto es una matriz
\begin_inset Formula $\left(\begin{smallmatrix}A & B\\
-C & D\end{smallmatrix}\right)$
+C & D
+\end{smallmatrix}\right)$
\end_inset
en línea.
\begin_layout Section
Delimitadores
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Delimitadores verticales
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
textbackslash
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
big
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
Big)^
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
ln(3x)
\backslash
big}^2
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
sen(x)
\backslash
Big]^
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
bigg>
\backslash
Bigg)^0,5
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sen(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sen(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}
+\]
\end_inset
bigm
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
bigr
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
bigm)^2
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
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status collapsed
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left
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
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\series default
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frac
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-status collapsed
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-
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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)
\series default
genera
-\begin_inset Formula \[
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+\begin_inset Formula
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frac
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-
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C
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
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-
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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\series default
genera
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)\]
+\begin_inset Formula
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(
\backslash
frac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
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-
-
-\backslash
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frac
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-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-\backslash
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\series default
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-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-
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-spce
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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right}
\series default
da lugar a:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\} \]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
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+\]
\end_inset
middle
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-e., para vectores físicos:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left\langle \phi\;\middle|\; J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle \]
+e., para vectores cuánticos:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left\langle \phi\;\middle|\; J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle
+\]
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
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+Para este tipo de vectores hay un paquete LaTeX específico que se describe
+ en
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Vectores-físicos"
+reference "sub:Vectores-cuánticos"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Delimitadores horizontales
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
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<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
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+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
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<row>
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
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-
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3
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-\begin_inset ERT
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-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
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-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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A+B_w
-\begin_inset ERT
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-\begin_inset ERT
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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^
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
C
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd\\
- & & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\underbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}_{s}\end{eqnarray*}
+ & & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\underbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}_{s}
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
& & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\overbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}^{s}\\
-A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd\end{eqnarray*}
+A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
jot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Section
Flechas
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status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Flechas horizontales
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
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<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_layout Standard
Además hay las flechas etiquetadas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
xleftarrow
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
xrightarrow
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
F(a)
\backslash
xleftarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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x=a
F(x)
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xrightarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
x=a
\begin_layout Subsection
Flechas verticales y diagonales
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\series bold
+
\backslash
-texorpdfstring se usa para evitar que la nota al pie aparezca en los marcadores
- PDF.
+texorpdfstring
+\series default
+ se usa para evitar que la nota al pie aparezca en los marcadores PDF.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Más sobre
+\series bold
+
\backslash
-texorpdfstring en la sección
+texorpdfstring
+\series default
+ en la sección
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Ecuaciones-en-encabezados"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
dot
-\begin_inset ERT
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-
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-
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-\backslash
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\end_inset
A
\backslash
ddot
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-
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-\end_layout
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\end_inset
A
\backslash
dddot
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
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-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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A
\backslash
ddddot
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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\end_inset
A
\backslash
vec
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
bar
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\backslash
mathring
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
tilde
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\backslash
hat
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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A
\backslash
check
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\backslash
acute
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\backslash
grave
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\backslash
breve
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-En ecuaciones se pueden insertar acentos como é directamente.
+En ecuaciones se pueden insertar acentos como
+\begin_inset Quotes fld
+\end_inset
+
+é
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+ directamente.
LyX los transformará al comando de acento correspondiente.
Para poner diéresis
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
ddot
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
i
En texto matemático, la diéresis y otros acentos pueden insertarse directamente.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Acentos para operadores
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Acentos ! en operadores
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Con los comandos
-\series bold
-\backslash
-overset
+\lang english
+LyX also supports a tilde under the character if the LaTeX-package
+\lang spanish
+
+\series bold
+undertilde
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Comandos ! O !
-\backslash
-overset
+Paquetes ! undertilde
\end_layout
\end_inset
- y
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-underset
-\series default
+
+\lang english
+is installed on your system:
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Comandos ! U !
-\backslash
-underset
-\end_layout
-\end_inset
- se pueden colocar caracteres sobre o bajo un operador, respectivamente.
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-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-sideset
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Comandos ! S !
\backslash
-sideset
+ifundertilde
\end_layout
\end_inset
- se pueden poner caracteres delante y detrás de un operador.
- El esquema del comando es:
-\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+El cuadro siguiente sólo se mostrará en la salida si el paquete LaTeX
\series bold
-
-\backslash
-sideset{carácter
+undertilde
\series default
-
-\series bold
-anterior}{carácter posterior}
+ está instalado.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-\backslash
-sideset
-\series default
- siempre debe estar delante del operador que debe acentuarse.
- Se puede acentuar con varios caracteres e incluso con otros operadores
- y símbolos.
- Para colocar con
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-sideset
-\series default
- caracteres sólo detrás del operador, por ejemplo, no se escribe nada en
- el primer par de llaves, pero sin quitarlas.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Por ejemplo, el comando
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-sideset{
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
-\end_inset
-
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-\backslash
-{
-\series default
-'
-\series bold
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Comando
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Resultado
+\end_layout
-\backslash
-sum_k=1
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+utilde
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+A
+\end_layout
-\series default
-^
-\series bold
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\utilde{A}$
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-spce
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-n
-\series default
- genera:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\]
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El comando
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-overset
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\backslash
-spce
+else
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\backslash
-maltese
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
+Lo que sigue se verá en la salida si el paquete LaTeX
+\series bold
+undertilde
+\series default
+ no está instalado:
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$
-\end_inset
-
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Debes instalar el paquete LaTeX
\series bold
-a
+undertilde
\series default
- genera:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\overset{a}{\maltese}\]
-
-\end_inset
-
-
+ para ver en la salida el resto de esta subsección.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Como se ve en el último ejemplo, con
-\series bold
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
-\backslash
-overset
-\series default
- y
-\series bold
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\backslash
-underset
-\series default
- también se pueden acentuar símbolos y caracteres; con
-\series bold
\backslash
-sideset
-\series default
- esto no es posible.
+fi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Acentos para varios caracteres
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
overleftarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
underleftarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
overleftrightarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
underleftrightarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
overrightarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
underrightarrow
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
widetilde
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
widehat
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\series default
sólo pueden abarcar tres caracteres en la salida, como se muestra en este
ejemplo:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\widetilde{A+B=C-D}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\widetilde{A+B=C-D}
+\]
\end_inset
overset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
underset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
underset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
***
\series default
da:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\underset{***}{A=B}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\underset{***}{A=B}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\color black
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
de la barra de ecuaciones o con comandos especiales.
- Independientemente del comando insertado, se puede seleccionar de nuevo
- el tamaño pulsando acto seguido
+ Independientemente del comando insertado, se puede seleccionar un nuevo
+ tamaño pulsando acto seguido
\family sans
Espacio.
\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\align center
-\begin_inset VSpace -5mm
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="7">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="6.8cm">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="14col%">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Número de pulsaciones de
+\family sans
+Espacio
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Resultado
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+0
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\, B$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\: B$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\; B$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\quad B$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+4
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\qquad B$
+\end_inset
+
-\backslash
-!
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="14col%">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Comando
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Número de pulsaciones de
\family sans
Espacio
-\family default
- tras insertar el espacio protegido
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-0
+Resultado
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-1
+
+\backslash
+hfill
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-2
+5
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hfill B$
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-3
+
+\backslash
+hspace*{1em}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-4
+6
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-5
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace*{1em}B$
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Resultado
+
+\backslash
+hspace{1em}
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\, B$
-\end_inset
-
-
+7
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\: B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace{1em}B$
\end_inset
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\; B$
+
+\backslash
+
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\quad B$
+8
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $A\ B$
\end_inset
\end_inset
</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\qquad B$
-\end_inset
+\backslash
+!
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+9
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El último tamaño parece no generar espacio.
+
+\lang english
+Space
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+--
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+7 are variable spaces which are explained in
+\lang spanish
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Espacio-variable"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ El tamaño
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+9 parece no generar espacio.
A diferencia de los otros se muestra en rojo en LyX, porque es un espacio
negativo.
Hay otros dos espacios negativos:
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="6.8cm">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-6
+10
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-7
+11
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Los espacios negativos pueden llegar a solapar unos caracteres con otros.
- Así, se pueden usar para forzar ligaduras, lo que es apropiado, p.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-e., para operadores suma:
+ Así, se pueden usar para forzar ligaduras, lo que es apropiado, por ejemplo,
+ para operadores suma:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
sum
\backslash
sum
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
f_kl
negmedspace
\backslash
sum
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
f_kl
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
Relaciones como por ejemplo el signo igual siempre están rodeadas por espacios.
Para suprimirlos, el signo igual se coloca entre llaves TeX.
El siguiente ejemplo lo ilustra:
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
hspace
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\color black
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\color black
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\color inherit
+
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ La longitud también puede ser negativa.
+
+\lang english
+When a space would be the first character in a line it would be omitted.
+ To force its output use the command
+\series bold
\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
+hspace*
+\series default
+ instead of
+\series bold
+\backslash
+hspace
+\series default
+ or left-click on the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\color blue
+
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\color inherit
-\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
+ and check the option
+\family sans
+Protect
+\family default
.
- La longitud también puede ser negativa.
- Para insertar en una ecuación tanto espacio como esté disponible se usa
+\lang spanish
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Para insertar en una ecuación tanto espacio como esté disponible se usa
el comando
\series bold
hfill
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
A=B
\backslash
hspace
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
A
\backslash
hspace
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
A=A
\backslash
hfill
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
B=B
\begin_layout Standard
En el último ejemplo el espacio disponible viene dado por la entrada más
- larga de columna en la tabla.
+ larga de columna en el cuadro.
En una ecuación en línea el espacio depende de la longitud de la línea
en la que se inserta
\series bold
\begin_layout Subsection
Espacio adicional en ecuaciones en línea
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathsurround
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
setlength
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-Cuadros y marcos
-\begin_inset Index
+Marcos y bordes
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Marcos|see
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-Cuadros
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Los cuadros para texto se describen en el capítulo
+Los marcos para texto se describen en el capítulo
\emph on
-Cuadros
+Marcos
\emph default
del manual
\emph on
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Cuadros con marco
+Marcos con bordes
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cuadros-con-marco"
+name "sub:Marcos-con-bordes"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Cuadros ! con marco
+Marcos ! con bordes
\end_layout
\end_inset
fbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
boxed
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Cuando uno de estos comandos se inserta en una ecuación, aparece un recuadro
- azul en un marco donde se introduce parte de una ecuación.
+ azul en un marco donde se introducen partes de una ecuación.
Para
\series bold
framebox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
fbox
\series default
-, que permite especificar además la anchura del marco yla alineación.
+, que permite especificar además la anchura del marco y la alineación.
\series bold
\emph on
l
\emph default
- alinea la ecuación a la izquierda del cuadro,
+ alinea la ecuación a la izquierda del marcro,
\emph on
r
\emph default
\end_inset
Si no se pone anchura tampoco puede darse posición.
- En este caso la anchura del marco se ajusta al contenido del cuadro, como
+ En este caso la anchura del borde se ajusta al contenido del cuadro, como
con
\series bold
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
fbox
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
boxed
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
A+
\backslash
fbox
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
B
\backslash
framebox
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
20mm
\backslash
frac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El grosor del marco también se puede ajustar.
+El grosor del borde también se puede ajustar.
Para ello hay que insertar los siguientes comandos en modo TeX antes de
la fórmula:
\end_layout
\begin_inset Quotes frd
\end_inset
- especifica la distancia mínima entre el marco y el primer carácter en el
+ especifica la distancia mínima entre el borde y el primer carácter en el
cuadro.
Un ejemplo de esto es la siguiente ecuación enmarcada:
\begin_inset ERT
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boxed{A+B=C}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\boxed{A+B=C}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
en modo TeX.
- Los valores dados se usan para todos los cuadros siguientes.
+ Los valores dados se usan para todos los marcos siguientes.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Cuadros sin marco
+Marcos sin bordes
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cuadros-sin-marco"
+name "sub:Marcos-sin-bordes"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Cuadros ! sin marco
+Marcos ! sin borde
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Para cuadros sin marco hay los comandos:
+Para marcos sin borde hay los comandos:
\series bold
\backslash
mbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
makebox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
raisebox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
raisebox
\series default
- se puede poner un cuadro subíndice o superíndice, pero a diferencia de
- los normales, los caracteres en el cuadro mantienen su tamaño de fuente.
+ se puede poner un marco subíndice o superíndice, pero a diferencia de los
+ normales, los caracteres en el marco mantienen su tamaño de tipografía.
\series bold
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Cuando el cuadro tenga que contener una ecuación, hace falta una ecuación
+Cuando el marco tenga que contener una ecuación, hace falta una ecuación
extra, como con
\series bold
\series default
: Para
\series bold
-
+
\backslash
raisebox
\series default
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
sqrt
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
B
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Cuadros coloreados
+Marcos coloreados
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cuadros-coloreados"
+name "sub:Marcos-coloreados"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Cuadros ! coloreados
+Marcos ! coloreados
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Para colorear cuadros se usa el comando
+Para colorear marcos se usa el comando
\series bold
\backslash
colorbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
\backslash
-colorbox{color}{contenido del cuadro}
+colorbox{color}{contenido del marco}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El contenido del cuadro puede ser otro cuadro, y también un
+El contenido del marco puede ser otro marco, y también un
\backslash
\series bold
colorbox
\series default
- puede ser parte de otro cuadro (véanse los ejemplos 2º y 3º).
- Si el cuadro debe contener una ecuación debe crearse una ecuación extra,
+ puede ser parte de otro marco (véanse los ejemplos 2º y 3º).
+ Si el marco debe contener una ecuación debe crearse una ecuación extra,
como con
\series bold
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
{
\backslash
fbox
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\backslash
fbox
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
C=D
\backslash
colorbox
\series default
- sólo colorea el cuadro pero no los caracteres.
+ sólo colorea el marco pero no los caracteres.
Para colorear todos los caracteres se selecciona toda la ecuación y se
elige un color en el diálogo
\family sans
Un ejemplo:
\color red
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-{\color{red}\int A=B}\label{eq:rojo}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+{\color{red}\int A=B}\label{eq:rojo}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\color green
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-{\color{green}{\color{red}\int A=B}}\label{eq:rojoverde}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+{\color{green}{\color{red}\int A=B}}\label{eq:rojoverde}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Para colorear diferente el marco y el resto del cuadro se usa el comando
-
+Para colorear diferente el borde y el marcose usa el comando
\series bold
\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
\backslash
-fcolorbox{color del marco}{color}{contenido del cuadro}
+fcolorbox{color del borde}{color}{contenido del marco}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
colorbox
\series default
.
- La anchura del marco se establece, como para
+ La anchura del borde se establece, como para
\series bold
\backslash
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}
+\]
\end_inset
definecolor{verdeoscuro}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Como ejemplo he aquí un cuadro enmarcado con el nuevo color definido
+Como ejemplo he aquí un marco con el nuevo color definido
\series bold
verdeoscuro
\series default
y los caracteres en color amarillo:
\color black
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\colorbox{verdeoscuro}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[3]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\colorbox{verdeoscuro}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[3]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
textcolor
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
textcolor
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Cuadros de párrafo
+Marcos de párrafo
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cuadros-de-párrafo"
+name "sub:Marcos-de-párrafo"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Cuadros ! para párrafos
+Marcos ! para párrafos
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Un cuadro que puede contener varias líneas y párrafos, denominado cuadro
- de párrafo (parbox), se puede generar con el menú
+Un marco que puede contener varias líneas y párrafos, denominado marco de
+ párrafo (parbox), se puede generar con el menú
\family sans
Insertar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Cuadro
+Marco
\family default
o con el botón
\begin_inset Graphics
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El siguiente ejemplo muestra un cuadro de párrafo enmarcado en una línea:
+El siguiente ejemplo muestra un marco de párrafo en línea:
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
has_inner_box 1
inner_pos "c"
use_parbox 1
+use_makebox 0
width "5cm"
special "none"
height "1in"
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Esto es un cuadro de párrafo.
+Esto es un marco de párrafo.
Tiene exactamente 5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
- un cuadro de párrafo.
+ un marco de párrafo.
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-Ese cuadro se compone haciendo clic derecho sobre el rectángulo gris insertado.
- Surge un diálogo con las propiedades del cuadro.
+Ese marco se compone haciendo clic derecho sobre el rectángulo gris insertado.
+ Surge un diálogo con las propiedades del marco.
En este caso:
\emph on
Decoración
\emph default
: Marco rectangular,
\emph on
-Cuadro interior
+marco interior
\emph default
: Párrafo,
\emph on
\emph default
\emph on
-Cuadro
+marco
\emph default
: Medio.
\end_layout
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-En LaTeX, un cuadro de párrafo se inserta con el comando
+En LaTeX, un marco de párrafo se inserta con el comando
\series bold
\backslash
parbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Quotes frd
\end_inset
- (abajo), que alinea la última línea del cuadro con el texto de alrededor.
+ (abajo), que alinea la última línea del marco con el texto de alrededor.
Con
\emph on
t
\end_inset
(arriba), la alineación se hace con la primera línea.
- Si no se da posición, el cuadro se centrará verticalmente, véase la sección
+ Si no se da posición, el marco se centrará verticalmente, véase la sección
\emph on
-Cuadros
+Marcos
\emph default
del manual
\emph on
\end_inset
Para enmarcar ecuaciones completas, incluso el número de la ecuación, deben
- ponerse en un cuadro de párrafo.
+ ponerse en un marco de párrafo.
Para ello se inserta el comando
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
linewidth
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Comandos ! L !
\backslash
linewidth
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+vspace{5mm}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
es la anchura de línea establecida para el documento.
- Como el marco está por fuera del cuadro de párrafo, hay que restar de dicha
+ Como el marco está por fuera del marco de párrafo, hay que restar de dicha
anchura dos veces la separación del marco y el grosor.
Como LyX no lo hace automáticamente debido a un fallo,
\begin_inset Foot
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Detrás de la ecuación se cierran ambos cuadros con
+Detrás de la ecuación se cierran ambos marcos con
\series bold
}}
\series default
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Como se ha usado el cuadro de párrafo como argumento de
+Como se ha usado el marco de párrafo como argumento de
\series bold
\backslash
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Los cuadros de párrafo son muy útiles para comentar ecuaciones directamente.
+Los marcos de párrafo son muy útiles para comentar ecuaciones directamente.
Para hacerlo, se usa
\series bold
\end_inset
usando el modo texto matemático:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-5x-7b=3b\textrm{ Esto es una descripción. No está separada de la ecuación...}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+5x-7b=3b\textrm{ Esto es una descripción. No está separada de la ecuación...}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Operadores
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\family default
en el apartado
\family sans
-Ecuaciones
+Opciones de ecuación
\family default
de la configuración del documento.
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
sum
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
prod
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
véase estilos de letras en
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Estilos-de-fuentes"
+reference "sub:Estilos-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{in}
+in
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage pagebreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
prod^
\backslash
infty
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
El tipo de límites por omisión es:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
+\]
\end_inset
Alineado
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
+\]
\end_inset
Presentado
\series default
para poner el límite debajo:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:IntVol}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:IntVol}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
subarray
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
substack
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
.
Por ejemplo, para componer la expresión
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
\sum_{\begin{subarray}{c}
0<k<1000\\
-\\k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}\end{equation}
+\\
+k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
+\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
sum^n
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
_
\series default
.
- Ahora el cursor está en un cuadro azul bajo el operador sumatorio y ahí
+ Ahora el cursor está en un marco azul bajo el operador sumatorio y ahí
se inserta el comando
\series bold
subarray
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
.
- Ahora el cuadro azul está en un marco púrpura donde pueden escribirse líneas
+ Ahora el marco azul está en un marco púrpura donde pueden escribirse líneas
distintas.
Cada línea nueva se crea con un salto de línea (
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
).
- Si ahora se escribe en ella
+ Si ahora se teclea en ella
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
\series bold
-0<k<1000 Ctrl+Retorno
+0<k<1000 Ctrl+Entrar
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
La alineación de las líneas puede cambiarse a la izquierda con la
\family sans
-barra de herramientas de tabla
+barra de herramientas de cuadros
\family default
o con el menú
\family sans
hfill
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
al principio de la línea.
mathclap
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathclap{
\backslash
substack
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-0<k<1000 Ctrl+Retorno
+0<k<1000 Ctrl+Entrar
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
para componer el límite inferior.
Ahora el sumando está junto al sumatorio:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\sum_{\mathclap{\substack{0<k<1000\\
-\\k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}}
-}}^{n}k^{-2}\]
+\\
+k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
+}
+}}^{n}k^{-2}
+\]
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Decoración para operadores
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Operadores ! Decoración
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+Con los comandos
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+overset
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Comandos ! O !
+\backslash
+overset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ y
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+underset
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Comandos ! U !
+\backslash
+underset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ se pueden colocar caracteres sobre o bajo un operador, respectivamente.
+ Con el comando
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sideset
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Comandos ! S !
+\backslash
+sideset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ se pueden poner caracteres delante y detrás de un operador grande.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+There are 4
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+variants of
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sideset
+\series default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+\lang english
+
+\backslash
+sideset
+\series default
+ is used to set characters at the corners of the operator
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+\lang english
+
+\backslash
+sidesetn
+\series default
+ is used to set characters before and/or behind the operator (this variant
+ represents LaTeX's original
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sideset
+\series default
+ command)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+\lang english
+
+\backslash
+sidesetl
+\series default
+ is used to set characters at the left corners and/or behind the operator
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+\lang english
+
+\backslash
+sidesetr
+\series default
+ is used to set characters at the right corners and/or before the operator
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Por ejemplo, el comando
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sidesetn
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+sum
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+'
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+_k=1
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+^
+\series bold
+n
+\series default
+ genera:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Nota:
+\backslash
+sideset
+\series default
+ sólo se puede usar para decorar operadores grandes, no permite operadores
+ binarios.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Con
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+overset
+\series default
+ y
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+underset
+\series default
+ también se pueden decorar símbolos y caracteres.
+ Por ejemplo el comando
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+overset
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+maltese
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+a
+\series default
+ genera:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\overset{a}{\maltese}
+\]
+
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
DeclareMathOperator
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
.
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}
+\]
\end_inset
mathop
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathbin
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathop
\series default
se puede usar, p.e., para poner un límite a varios operadores:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}
+\]
\end_inset
sum
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
^N
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-spce
+\series bold
+_i,j=1
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
-\series bold
-_i,j=1
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-Fuentes
-\begin_inset Index
+Tipografías
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Fuentes
+Tipografías
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Estilos de fuentes
+Estilos de tipografías
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Estilos-de-fuentes"
+name "sub:Estilos-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Fuentes ! estilos de
+Tipografías ! estilos de
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
mathbb
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
mathbf
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
boldsymbol
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
mathcal
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathfrak
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+AbC
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{AbC}$
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-spce
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+mathscr
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
\series default
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{AbC}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathscr{AbC}$
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="3">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
mathit
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
mathrm
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
mathsf
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
mathtt
\series bold
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Los comandos de estilo funcionan también en estructuras matemáticas:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Los caracteres en texto matemático no aparecen en un estilo de letra de
- ecuaciones sino en el estilo
+Los caracteres en texto matemático no aparecen en un estilo tipográfico
+ de ecuaciones sino en el estilo tipográfico de texto
\series bold
\backslash
Este estilo no se puede poner correctamente con el diálogo de estilo de
texto por un fallo de LyX.
\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
, porque no funciona con minúsculas griegas.
Además, siempre imprime en redonda las letras latinas, como en la ecuación:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash mathbf}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash mathbf}
+\]
\end_inset
boldsymbol
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash boldsymbol}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash boldsymbol}
+\]
\end_inset
boldmath
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
unboldmath
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{ecuación en un entorno boldmath}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{ecuación en un entorno boldmath}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Ecuaciones coloreadas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\family default
.
Aquí hay una ecuación en magenta:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Cuadros-coloreados"
+reference "sub:Marcos-coloreados"
\end_inset
textcolor
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
textcolor{color}{caracteres o ecuación}
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage pagebreak
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Standard
El ejemplo siguiente se ha coloreado completamente en verde oscuro y parcialment
e en rojo:
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Tamaños de fuentes
+Tamaños de tipografías
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Tamaños-de-fuentes"
+name "sub:Tamaños-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Fuentes ! tamaño
+Tipografías ! tamaño
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El tamaño dado por los comandos depende del tamaño base de la fuente en
- el documento, dado por el comando
+El tamaño dado por los comandos depende del tamaño base de la tipografía
+ en el documento, dado por el comando
\series bold
\backslash
normalsize
\series default
.
- No obstante, puede que el tamaño de fuente no exceda de cierto valor.
- Si, por ejemplo, la fuente del documento es de 12
+ No obstante, puede que el tamaño de tipografía no exceda de cierto valor.
+ Si, por ejemplo, la tipografía del documento es de 12
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
displaystyle
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Después de introcucir estos comandos, aparece un marco azul en el que se
+Después de introducir estos comandos, aparece un marco azul en el que se
insertan las partes de la fórmula.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Hay un método más para cambiar el tamaño de fuente, aunque solo funciona
+Hay un método más para cambiar el tamaño de tipografía, aunque solo funciona
para símbolos o letras en texto matemático.
Para usarlo se inserta en texto matemático uno de los comandos de tamaño
de texto anteriores.
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese
+\]
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
maltese
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A Alt+M M
\backslash
Large
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
maltese
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
textit
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
Alt+M M
\backslash
tiny
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
maltese
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
textit
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
\begin_layout Section
Letras griegas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Todas las letras griegas se pueden insertar además mediante el botón
+Las letras griegas se pueden insertar además mediante el botón
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math/alpha.png
scale 85
\end_inset
de la barra de ecuaciones.
+ Las normas internacionales de tipografía proponen que las letras griegas
+ en ecuaciones deben escribirse en cursiva/inclinada.
+ No obstante, en algunos idiomas, como francés o ruso, a veces se escriben
+ en redonda.
+ Para las normas en español, véase
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Bezos"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Minúsculas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Cómo escribir letras griegas en redonda se explica en
+Cómo escribir letras griegas especiales en redonda se explica en
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Griegas-en-redonda"
\begin_layout Subsection
Mayúsculas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\backslash
varGamma
\series default
- genera:
+ genera
\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma$
\end_inset
+.
+ Otra forma es cargar el paquete
+\series bold
+fixmath
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+fixmath
+\series default
+ forma parte del paquete LaTeX
+\series bold
+was
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paquetes ! was
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+vspace{4mm}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paquetes ! fixmath
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ con la línea siguiente en el preámbulo LaTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{fixmath}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Entonces, todas las mayúsculas griegas en el documento se imprimirán automáticam
+ente en cursiva.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Letras en negrita
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Las letras griegas no admiten diferentes estilos de fuente como las latinas.
+Las letras griegas no admiten diferentes estilos de letra como las latinas.
Sólo se pueden poner en negrita con el comando
\series bold
boldsymbol
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-Hay más símbolos en
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Caracteres-especiales-misceláneos"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Standard
Algunos símbolos pueden presentarse en distintos tamaños, véase
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Tamaños-de-fuentes"
+reference "sub:Tamaños-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
El símbolo del euro, €
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
eurosym
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
euro
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
officialeuro
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-La tabla siguiente sólo se mostrará si está instalado el paquete LaTeX
+El cuadro siguiente sólo se mostrará si está instalado el paquete LaTeX
+
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="3">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
stackrel
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
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\begin_inset Text
A(r)
\backslash
stackrel
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
r
to
\backslash
infty
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\backslash
approx
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
B
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="4">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="7">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\begin_layout Subsection
Funciones definidas por el usuario
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
sgn}{sgn}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
El primer método es preferible si la función se va a usar varias veces.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Límites
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
lim
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
lim_x
\backslash
to
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
x=B
\begin_layout Standard
En una ecuación presentada el límite se imprime debajo, como es habitual:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\lim\limits _{x\rightarrow A}=B\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\lim\limits _{x\rightarrow A}=B
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Función módulo
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
En una ecuación presentada:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
\underline{\textrm{Comando}} & & \underline{\textrm{Resultado}}\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\mod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pmod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\bmod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pod b\end{align*}
+\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{␣}b} & & a\mod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{␣}b} & & a\pmod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{␣}b} & & a\bmod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{␣}b} & & a\pod b
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
En una ecuación en línea se pone menos espacio delante del nombre de la
función para todas las variantes.
-\end_layout
+ Por omisión, las funciones módulo solo tienen en cuenta el primer carácter
+ siguente.
+ Para aplicarlas a más de un carácter hay que poner estos entre llaves TeX:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
+\underline{\textrm{Comando}\raisebox{-0.9mm}{}} & & \underline{\textrm{Resultado}}\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{␣}bcd} & & a\pod bcd\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pod\backslash\{bc\to d} & & a\pod{bc}d
+\end{align*}
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Caracteres especiales
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
AA
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
`
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
`
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
^
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
u
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
b
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
t
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
ee
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
H
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
~e
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
v
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
d
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
c
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
e
\backslash
t
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
sz
textcircled
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
véase
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Tamaños-de-fuentes"
+reference "sub:Tamaños-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
véase
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Cuadros-sin-marco"
+reference "sub:Marcos-sin-bordes"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Números en estilo antiguo
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
oldstylenums
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Caracteres especiales misceláneos
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Caracteres-especiales-misceláneos"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Caracteres especiales ! misceláneos
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Los siguientes caracteres sólo pueden insertarse en ecuaciones mediante
- comandos:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-\align center
-\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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-<row>
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-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Comando
-\end_layout
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-\begin_inset Text
-
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-\begin_inset Text
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
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-\backslash
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-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathcircumflex$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
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-<row>
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-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-_
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\_$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
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-\begin_inset Text
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
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-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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-\end_inset
-
-
-\backslash
-circ
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-@°
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $^{\circ}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
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-</lyxtabular>
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-El símbolo grado ° puede no obstante insertarse directamente si el preámbulo
- LaTeX contiene la línea:
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Más sobre este asunto en
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Caracteres-de-texto"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-DeclareInputtext{176}{
-\backslash
-ifmmode^
-\backslash
-circ
-\backslash
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-\backslash
-textdegree
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathindent
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-mm, p.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-e., se inserta esta línea de comando en el preámbulo LaTeX:
+mm, por ejemplo, se inserta esta línea de comando en el preámbulo LaTeX:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
En LyX se generan nuevas líneas en una ecuación con
\family sans
\series bold
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
\series default
.
\end_inset
.
+ Se recomienda el entorno align porque proporciona una salida tipográficamente
+ correcta en cualquier caso.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
En todos los entornos de ecuación multilínea la combinación
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
genera una línea nueva.
Para añadir o quitar líneas se pueden usar los botones
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
A veces no hay suficiente espacio entre las líneas de una ecuación multilínea:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\
-4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0\end{eqnarray*}
+4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
jot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\
-4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0\end{eqnarray*}
+4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
arraycolsep
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & B\\
-C & \ne & A\end{eqnarray*}
+C & \ne & A
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & B\\
-C & \ne & A\end{eqnarray*}
+C & \ne & A
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsubsection
Ecuaciones largas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Itemize
Si un lado de la ecuación es mucho más corto que la anchura de línea, este
se elige para el lado izquierdo y el derecho se imprime en dos líneas:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
H & = & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\nonumber \\
- & & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:cortolargo}\end{eqnarray}
+ & & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:cortolargo}
+\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
lefteqn
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
.
Se inserta en la primer columna de la primera línea y hace que todas las
inserciones posteriores sobreescriban las columnas siguientes:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}}\nonumber \\
& & -\hspace{3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
- & & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn}\end{eqnarray}
+ & & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn}
+\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
y
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Partes-de-una-multilínea"
+reference "sub:Partes-multilínea"
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Para poner delimitadores que cubran varias líneas hay un problema:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \sen(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\
- & & \left.\cdots+B-D\right]\end{eqnarray*}
+ & & \left.\cdots+B-D\right]
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
right.
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
vphantom
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
prod
\series default
^
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
infty
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
_R=1}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
El resultado es:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \sen(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\
- & & \left.\vphantom{\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}}\cdots+B-D\right]\end{eqnarray*}
+ & & \left.\vphantom{\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}}\cdots+B-D\right]
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-de la barra de ecuaciones o el menú
+ de la barra de ecuaciones o el menú
\family sans
Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Filas y columnas
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Este entorno align se crea pulsando
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
en una ecuación o con el menú
\family sans
\begin_layout Standard
Un ejemplo para dos ecuaciones adosadas, que se componen con un entorno
align de cuatro columnas:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
A & =\sen(B) & C & =D\\
-C & \neq A & B & \neq D\end{align*}
+C & \neq A & B & \neq D
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsubsection
Entorno alignat
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
cm al comienzo da la segunda ecuación:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{alignat*}{2}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{alignat*}{2}
A & =\sen(B)\hspace{1cm} & C & =D\\
-C & \neq A & B & \neq D\end{alignat*}
+C & \neq A & B & \neq D
+\end{alignat*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
En este entorno las dos primeras columnas están siempre tan a la izquierda
como sea posible y las dos últimas a la derecha.
Ejemplo:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{flalign*}
A & =1 & B & =2 & C & =3\\
-X & =\mbox{-}1 & Y & =\mbox{-}2 & Z & =4\end{flalign*}
+X & =\mbox{-}1 & Y & =\mbox{-}2 & Z & =4
+\end{flalign*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
-\hspace{30pt}\iiint_{V}X\mbox{d}V & =U & {}\end{flalign}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{flalign}
+\hspace{30pt}\iiint_{V}X\mbox{d}V & =U & {}
+\end{flalign}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
El contenido del primero se alinea a la derecha, el del último a la izquierda.
El contenido del marco central está centrado y algo más pequeño, porque
está diseñado para insertar sólo caracteres de relación.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
\frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D}\\
AB & AB & AB\\
-A & = & A\end{eqnarray*}
+A & = & A
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Entorno gather
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Este entorno consta de una sola columna centrada.
Se puede numerar cada línea.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{gather}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{gather}
A=1\\
-X=\mbox{-}1\end{gather}
+X=\mbox{-}1
+\end{gather}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
en entorno multilínea:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\\
-=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\end{multline}
+=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
+\end{multline}
\end_inset
shoveright
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
shoveleft
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
multlinegap
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
\shoveleft{-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
-=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\end{multline}
+=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
+\end{multline}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Partes de una ecuación multilínea
+Ecuación con partes multilínea
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Partes-de-una-multilínea"
+name "sub:Partes-multilínea"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Ecuación ! multilínea ! partes de
+Ecuación ! multilínea ! solo parte
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Para mostrar sólo partes de una ecuación multilínea usa uno de los siguientes
- entornos:
+Para mostrar solo partes de una ecuación en modo multilínea usa uno de los
+ siguientes entornos:
\series bold
aligned
\series default
Los tres primeros tienen las mismas propiedades que los correspondientes
entornos multilínea, pero es posible poner al lado más partes de la ecuación.
Un ejemplo:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\left.\begin{aligned}\Delta x\Delta p & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\\
-\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\end{aligned}
-\right\} \mbox{Relaciones de incertidumbre}\]
+\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}
+\end{aligned}
+\right\} \mbox{Relaciones de incertidumbre}
+\]
\end_inset
aligned
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
en entorno aligned:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}H=\; & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\\
- & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\end{aligned}
+ & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}
+\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
\end_inset
alignedat
\series default
,
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
gathered
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
split
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-En los entornos Align, multilínea y gather, se puede insertar texto que
+En los entornos align, multilínea y gather, se puede insertar texto que
se mostrará en una línea separada y que no afecta la alineación de columna.
Para esto se usa el comando
\series bold
intertext
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
debe por tanto estar al comienzo de una línea y en la salida se presenta
sobre esta línea.
Un ejemplo en el que se ha insertado texto al inicio de la segunda línea:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align}
I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
-\intertext{\text{el integrando es simétrico para \ensuremath{\phi=\pi}, por tanto}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\end{align}
+\intertext{\text{el integrando es simétrico para \ensuremath{\phi=\pi}, por tanto}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi
+\end{align}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\align center
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Numeración de ecuaciones
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\family sans
\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Ecuación
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-numerada
+Numerada
\family default
(atajo
\family sans
\family sans
Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Conmutar
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-numeración
+Numerar la ecuación
\family default
(atajo
\family sans
\family sans
Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Conmutar
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-numeración
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-de
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-línea
+Numerar la línea
\family default
(atajo
\family sans
\begin_layout Subsection
Referencias cruzadas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Todas las ecuaciones con etiqueta se pueden referenciar.
+Todas las ecuaciones con etiqueta se pueden referir.
La etiqueta se añade con el menú
\family sans
Insertar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
de la barra de herramientas.
El cursor debe estar dentro de una ecuación en modo presentación.
+ Como alternativa, se puede hacer clic derecha sobre la fórmula y elegir
+
+\family sans
+Etiqueta de ecuación
+\family default
+.
Surge un diálogo con el prefijo
\series bold
eq:
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-e.
+ej.
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Para cambiar una etiqueta se usa de nuevo el menú
\family sans
Insertar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Etiqueta
+Etiqueta
\family default
-.
+o la opción
+\family sans
+Etiqueta de ecuación
+\family default
+ al hacer clic derecha sobre una fórmula.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
contiene un marco, como se describe en la
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Cuadros-de-párrafo"
+reference "sub:Marcos-de-párrafo"
\end_inset
-, no se puede referenciar la ecuación.
+, no se puede referir la ecuación.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Subnumeración
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Ejemplo:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A=C-B\label{eq:a}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A=C-B\label{eq:a}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-B=C-A\label{eq:b}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+B=C-A\label{eq:b}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-C=A+B\label{eq:c}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+C=A+B\label{eq:c}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
addtocounter{equation}{-1}
\backslash
begin{subequations}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\label{eq:d}\\
& = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{2}\nonumber \\
- & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f}\end{eqnarray}
+ & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f}
+\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
tag
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A+B=C\tag{algo}\label{eq:tag}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A+B=C\tag{algo}\label{eq:tag}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\backslash
tag
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
algo
\backslash
tag*
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
algo
\series default
no se imprimen los paréntesis:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-A+B=C\tag*{algo}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+A+B=C\tag*{algo}
+\]
\end_inset
@addtoreset{equation}{part}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
carlisle
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
@removefromreset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
numberwithin
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A+B=C\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A+B=C
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Para numerar tablas de modo que, p.
+Para numerar cuadros de modo que, p.
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-e.,
+ej.,
\begin_inset Quotes fld
\end_inset
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Numeración con números romanos y letras
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
renewcommand
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
roman{equation}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Roman
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
alph
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Alph
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
+\color none
Nota:
\series default
- Con letras latinas sólo se puede numerar hasta un máximo de 26 ecuaciones.
+ Con letras latinas sólo se puede numerar hasta un máximo de 26
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+ecuaciones.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A=\textrm{romanos en minúscula}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A=\textrm{romanos en minúscula}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-B=\textrm{romanos en mayúscula}\label{eq:Rom}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+B=\textrm{romanos en mayúscula}\label{eq:Rom}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-C=\textrm{latinas en minúscula}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+C=\textrm{latinas en minúscula}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-D=\textrm{latinas en mayúscula}\label{eq:Lat}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+D=\textrm{latinas en mayúscula}\label{eq:Lat}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-E=\mbox{arábigos}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+E=\mbox{arábigos}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Quote
-El ión
+El ion
\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
\end_inset
.
La ecuación química es:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:reaccion-quimica}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:reaccion-quimica}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-véase estilos de fuentes en
+véase estilos de tipografías en
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Estilos-de-fuentes"
+reference "sub:Estilos-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
ce
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mhchem
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
.
- Al insertar
+ Al insertar
\series bold
\backslash
ce
\series default
en modo matemático aparece un nuevo marco azul en el que se pueden escribir
- ecuaciones químicas de una forma intuitiva.
+ ecuaciones químicas de una forma intuitiva.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
H2CO3
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
SO4^2-
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
(NH4)2S
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
KCr(SO4)2.12H2O
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A-B
\backslash
dbond
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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C
\backslash
tbond
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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D
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ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
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-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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^227
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ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
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-\end_layout
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+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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CO2
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
C
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
<=>
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2CO
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
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CO2
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
C
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
->[
alpha][
\backslash
beta]
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2CO}
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
+\color none
Nota:
\series default
- Insertar una ecuación en un marco
+ Insertar modo matemático en un marco
\series bold
\backslash
ce
\series default
provocará errores de LaTeX.
- En estos casos hay que usar código TeX, como en
+ En estos casos hay que usar código TeX, como en
\series bold
\backslash
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-El comando
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Nota:
+\series default
+ En LyX no es posible usar el carácter ^ para obtener una flecha hacia arriba,
+ como se describe en el manual de
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+.
+ Como alternativa, inserta un espacio delgado negativo seguido por el comando
+
\series bold
\backslash
-ce
+uparrow
\series default
- para la ecuación
-\begin_inset space ~
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $\ce{Fe + 2H+ -> Fe^{2+} + H2\negthinspace\uparrow}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+El comando
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ para la
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand eqref
+LatexCommand ref
reference "eq:reaccion-quimica"
\end_inset
\backslash
ce
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
2Na+
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
+
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
SO4^2-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
->
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
Na2SO4
.
Después se utiliza el comando
\series bold
-/ce
+
+\backslash
+ce
\series default
en cada cuadrito azul de la ecuación.
-
+ La
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand eqref
+LatexCommand ref
reference "eq:TEOS-reac-1"
\end_inset
- y
+ y la
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand eqref
+LatexCommand ref
reference "eq:TEOS-reac-2"
\end_inset
- son un ejemplo de reacción química multifase en la que cada ecuación tiene
- su propio número.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+ son ejemplos de una reacción química en dos fases en la que cada ecuación
+ tiene su propio número.
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
\ce{TEOS + 4O} & \ce{->} & \ce{Si(OH)4 + 4C2H4O}\label{eq:TEOS-reac-1}\\
-\ce{Si(OH)4} & \ce{->} & \ce{SiO2 + 2H2O}\label{eq:TEOS-reac-2}\end{eqnarray}
+\ce{Si(OH)4} & \ce{->} & \ce{SiO2 + 2H2O}\label{eq:TEOS-reac-2}
+\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
cf
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Diagramas amscd
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Los diagramas de este tipo visualizan relaciones mediante líneas o flechas
verticales y horizontales:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\begin{CD}A@)))B@)))C\\
@AAA@.@VVV\\
-F@(((E@(((D\end{CD}\]
+F@(((E@(((D
+\end{CD}
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
CD
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
continuación comandos.
Con
\family sans
-Ctrl+Retorno
+Ctrl+Entrar
\family default
se inicia una nueva línea.
En las líneas impares se insertan relaciones horizontales, en las pares
\begin_layout Standard
Como ejemplo un diagrama con todas las relaciones posibles:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\begin{CD}A@)j))B@))k)C@=F\\
@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
-D@((j\,(E@)k))F@=C\end{CD}\]
+D@((j\,(E@)k))F@=C
+\end{CD}
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F Ctrl+Retorno
+A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F Ctrl+Entrar
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\series bold
\backslash
CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\series bold
-V@| Ctrl+Retorno
+V@| Ctrl+Entrar
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\series bold
\backslash
CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Diagramas xymatrix
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Diagramas
+\noun on
+Feynman
+\noun default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagramas ! Feynman
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+Para usar diagramas
+\noun on
+Feynman
+\noun default
+ debe estar instalado el paquete LaTeX
+\series bold
+feyn
+\series default
+.
+ Un diagrama
+\noun on
+Feynman
+\noun default
+ se crea insertando el comando
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Diagram
+\series default
+ en una ecuación.
+ Después podrás añadir nuevas columnas y filas como en matrices normales,
+ véase
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Matrices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+En el
+\emph on
+Manual de diagramas Feynman
+\emph default
+, disponible en
+\family sans
+Ayuda\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Manuales
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+específicos
+\family default
+, hay ejemplos de diagramas de este tipo.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
Comandos definidos por el usuario
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-phantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\series bold
\backslash
newcommand
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
Asegúrate de que el nombre del nuevo comando no está definido ya en el
documento o en paquetes LaTeX que uses.
- Si p.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-e.
- defines el comando
+ Por ejemplo, si defines el comando
\series bold
\backslash
\backslash
le
\series default
- ya existe como comando para
+ ya existe para
\begin_inset Quotes fld
\end_inset
argumento del nuevo comando es automáticamente opcional.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
Veamos unos ejemplos:
\end_layout
\backslash
framebox
\series default
- se puede p.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-e.
- definir el comando
+ se puede definir, por ejemplo, el comando
\series bold
\backslash
, véase
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Cuadros-con-marco"
+reference "sub:Marcos-con-bordes"
\end_inset
\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
- donde no es necesario especificar el color para el cuadro, el argumento
+ donde no es necesario especificar el color para el marco, el argumento
para el color se define opcional:
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
A
\backslash
gr
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
B
{
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
{
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
{
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\begin_layout Subsection
Macros de ecuaciones
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Por ejemplo, si estás trabajando en un documento con ecuaciones cuadráticas,
el mismo tipo de solución se repite varias veces.
La forma general de una ecuación de segundo grado es:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q
+\]
\end_inset
La forma general de la solución es:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\series bold
\backslash
newcommand
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
La definición del nuevo comando no es intuitiva porque hay que conocer los
- esquemas de todos los comandos LaTeX usados, p.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-e., que una fracción se inserta en LaTeX como
+ esquemas de todos los comandos LaTeX usados, por ejemplo, que una fracción
+ se inserta en LaTeX como
\series bold
\backslash
\series default
.
Los colocadores de argumento se muestran en rojo.
- Se pueden poner 9 argumentos como máximo.
+ Se pueden poner 9
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+argumentos como máximo.
Con el botón
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-add-optional-param.png
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\qG x{\ln(x)}B\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\qG x{\ln(x)}B
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
-<features islongtable="true">
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="85col%">
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-remove-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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filename ../../images/math-macro-add-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-make-optional.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\family sans
Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Definición de macro\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-\begin_inset ERT
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\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-make-nonoptional.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
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-\end_inset
-
+\family sans
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Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Definición de macro\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\end_inset
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\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-remove-optional-param.png
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rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-add-optional-param.png
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rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-remove-greedy-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
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-\end_inset
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+\family sans
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Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Definición de macro\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-\begin_inset ERT
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-
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-append-greedy-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
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-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\family sans
Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Definición de macro\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math-macro-add-greedy-optional-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Definición de macro\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-\backslash
-hphantom{
\end_layout
\end_inset
+comiendo desde la derecha
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Sistema algebraico computacional
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX permite el intercambio entre expresiones matemáticas escritas con su
+ editor de ecuaciones y aplicaciones externas o guiones definidos por el
+ usuario.
+ Las aplicaciones soportadas actualmente son
+\family sans
+Maple
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Mathematica
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Maxima
+\family default
+ y
+\family sans
+Octave
+\family default
+.
+ Hay que advertir que el conjunto de estructuras matemáticas soportadas
+ se limita a casos muy simples.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Utilización
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Escribe alguna expresión en una ecuación, despliega el menú
+\family sans
Editar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Ecuación\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Definición de macro\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Usar programa de álgebra
+\family default
+ y elige la aplicación que esté instalada en tu ordenador.
+ Después de eso el resultado de la computación debería mostrarse a la derecha
+ de la expresión junto con el operador "=".
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_layout Standard
+A continuación hay unos ejemplos sencillos (con resultados de
+\family sans
+Maxima
+\family default
+) que muestran qué tipos de computación se pueden realizar:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37}{3}*2-\sum_{i=1}^{3}i^{i}=-\frac{22}{3}$
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37.0}{3}=12.33333333333333$
\end_inset
-comiendo desde la derecha
+
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\int_{1}^{2}\sen(x)dx=\cos1-\cos2$
\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\det\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
+1 & 6 & 7\\
+2 & 5 & 8\\
+3 & 4 & 17
+\end{array}\right]=-56$
\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-\align center
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\rightarrow0}\left(\frac{\sin(x)}{x}\right)=1$
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Atajos de teclado
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Actualmente no hay atajos de teclado para ejecutar las aplicaciones de álgebra.
+ Se puede vincular fácilmente una combinación de teclas a la función
+\family sans
+math-extern
+\family default
+ de Lyx (véase el manual
+\emph on
+Funciones de LyX
+\emph default
+).
+ Por ejemplo, para vincular la tecla
+\family sans
+Entrar
+\family default
+ en el editor de ecuaciones a
+\family sans
+Maxima
+\family default
+ se podría usar este comando para definir el atajo de teclado:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+command-alternatives break-paragraph;math-extern maxima
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Section
-Indicaciones
-\begin_inset Index
+Consejos prácticos
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Indicaciones
+Consejos prácticos
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Números negativos
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Subsection
Coma como separador decimal
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
was
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Vectores físicos
+Vectores cuánticos y notación bra-ket
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Vectores-físicos"
+name "sub:Vectores-cuánticos"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Vectores cuánticos
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Vectores físicos
+Notación bra-ket
\end_layout
\end_inset
braket
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
- suministra vectores predefinidos; se carga con la línea de preámbulo LaTeX:
+ suministra comandos para escribir paréntesis angulares que se usan en mecánica
+ cuántica: la notación
+\begin_inset Quotes fld
+\end_inset
+
+bra-ket
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+; se carga con la línea de preámbulo LaTeX:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-La tabla siguiente sólo se mostrará en la salida si el paquete LaTeX
+El cuadro siguiente sólo se mostrará en la salida si el paquete LaTeX
\series bold
braket
\series default
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\series default
asegura que todas las barras verticales tienen el tamaño de los delimitadores
circundantes:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
genfrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
\backslash
-genfrac{delimitador izquierdo}{delimitador derecho}{grosor raya de
+genfrac{delimitador izquierdo}{delimitador derecho}
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\series bold
\backslash
-phantom{
+genfrac
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-\backslash
-genfrac{
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
+{grosor raya de fracción}{estilo}{numerador}{denominador}
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+El estilo es un número en el rango 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-fracción}{estilo}{numerador}{denominador}
-\end_layout
+-
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Standard
-El estilo es un número en el rango 0-3.
+3.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Standard
Un ensayo:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
\text{Comando} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[1mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[5mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B}\\
-\text{Resultado} & & \fracS[1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS[5mm]{A}{B}\end{align*}
+\text{Resultado} & & \fracS[1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS[5mm]{A}{B}
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Ecuaciones canceladas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Para cancelar ecuaciones o partes de ellas hay que cargar el paquete LaTeX
-
-\series bold
-cancel
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Paquetes ! cancel
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- con la línea de preámbulo LaTeX
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
+Hay cuatro formas de cancelar ecuaciones o partes de ellas:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-La tabla siguiente sólo se mostrará en la salida si el paquete LaTeX
+El cuadro siguiente sólo se mostrará en la salida si el paquete LaTeX
\series bold
cancel
\series default
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-Hay cuatro formas de cancelar ecuaciones:
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-cancel{
-\backslash
-int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+cancel
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+int
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-bcancel{
-\backslash
-int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+bcancel
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+int
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-xcancel{
-\backslash
-int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+xcancel
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+int
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-cancelto{1
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+cancelto
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-\backslash
-{
\backslash
int
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
A=B
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+1
\end_layout
\end_inset
\backslash
cancelto
\series default
- es especialmente apropiada para visualizar la simplificación de fracciones
+ es especialmente apropiado para visualizar la simplificación de fracciones
en una ecuación:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Para cambiar el tamaño del valor subscrito por
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cancelto
+\series default
+ se puede
+\lang english
+add the LaTeX-preamble line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+PassOptionsToPackage{option}{cancel}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+where
+\series bold
+option
+\series default
+ is either
+\lang spanish
+
+\series bold
+samesize
+\series default
+, que da el mismo tamaño que para el valor cancelado, o
+\series bold
+Smaller
+\series default
+, que da un tamaño un poco más pequeño que normal.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Para colorear la raya de cancelación añade el siguiente comando en código
+ TeX:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+CancelColor}{
+\backslash
+color{red}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+donde
+\series bold
+red
+\series default
+ puede reemplazarse por el color deseado.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+CancelColor}{
+\backslash
+color{red}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+CancelColor}{
+\backslash
+color{black}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+restablece el color
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Para otras posibilidades de personalización, véase la documentación del
+ paquete
+\series bold
+ cancel
+\series default
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "cancel"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paquetes ! cancel
+\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
hyperref
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
texorpdfstring{parte}{alternativa}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
parte se refiere a la parte del encabezado que no debería aparecer en el
marcador PDF.
- Puede ser caracteres, ecuaciones, notas al pie, y también referencias cruzadas.
+ Pueden ser caracteres, ecuaciones, notas al pie y también referencias cruzadas.
La alternativa se usa para el marcador en vez de la parte.
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset OptArg
+\begin_inset Argument 1
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Ecuaciones en texto multicolumna
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Ten en cuenta que la opción
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Ecuaciones con descripción de variables
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
- Para poner la descripción en tamaño más pequeño se inserta, p.e, el comando
-
+ Para poner la descripción en tamaño más pequeño se inserta, por ejemplo,
+ el comando
\series bold
\backslash
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-véase tamaños de fuentes en
+véase tamaños de tipografías en
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Tamaños-de-fuentes"
+reference "sub:Tamaños-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
consta de cinco columnas ya que las dos primeras contienen la fórmula,
la tercera la matriz y la última una llave TeX vacía.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{flalign}
\hspace{30pt} & F_{A}=\rho\cdot V\cdot g & \footnotesize\begin{array}{ll}
\rho & \mbox{densidad}\\
V & \mbox{volumen}\\
-g & \mbox{aceleración gravitatoria}\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}\end{flalign}
+g & \mbox{aceleración gravitatoria}
+\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}
+\end{flalign}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-La mayoría de las fuentes sólo suministran letras griegas minúsculas en
- cursiva.
+La mayoría de las tipografías sólo suministran letras griegas minúsculas
+ en cursiva.
Pero para símbolos de partículas elementales como piones y neutrinos hacen
falta letras griegas en redonda.
El archivo
was
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Lo siguinente sólo se podrá ver si está instalado el paquete LaTeX
+Lo siguiente sólo se podrá ver si está instalado el paquete LaTeX
\series bold
upgreek
\series default
\begin_layout Standard
Con estos comandos se pueden escribir reacciones entre partículas elementales:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\uppi^{+}\rightarrow\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\uppi^{+}\rightarrow\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Section
\start_of_appendix
Notas sobre tipografía
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Tipografía, notas
+Tipografía, normas
\end_layout
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Este compendio se ha tomado parcialmente del diccionario semioficial alemán
+Este compendio se ha tomado parcialmente del diccionario semi-oficial alemán
\begin_inset Quotes fld
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-véase estilos de fuentes en
+véase estilos de tipografías en
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Estilos-de-fuentes"
+reference "sub:Estilos-de-tipografías"
\end_inset
unittwo
\series default
.
- Si se introduce en una fórmula aparecen dos cuadros.
+ Si se introduce en una fórmula aparecen dos marcos.
En el primero se inserta el valor y en el segundo la unidad, y se obtiene,
como antes,
\begin_inset Formula $\unit[30]{km/h}$
\backslash
mathscr
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset
-
-\backslash
-{F
+F
\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Comandos ! M !
-\backslash
-mathscr
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
o mediante el menú
\family sans
Insertar\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-Para poder usar el comando
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-mathscr
-\series default
-, hay que cargar el paquete LaTeX
-\series bold
- mathrsfs
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Paquetes ! mathrsfs
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- en el preámbulo LaTeX mediante la línea
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-usepackage{mathrsfs}
-\series default
-.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Section
Sinónimos
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "Descripción"
-target "ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/doc/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/amslatex/math/amsldoc.pdf"
\end_inset
de todos los símbolos disponibles con paquetes LaTeX
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "cancel"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentación"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/cancel/cancel.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ del paquete LaTeX
+\series bold
+cancel
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paquetes ! cancel
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
hyperref
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mhchem
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-
-\family sans
-\series bold
\begin_inset CommandInset index_print
LatexCommand printindex
+type "idx"
\end_inset
projects / features.git / blobdiff