-#LyX 2.0.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 404
+#LyX 2.0.0beta1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 408
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass scrartcl
\series default
:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}\]
+\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}
+\]
\end_inset
A & B & C & D\\
\hdotsfor[2]{4}\\
q & w & e & r
-\end{array}\right)\]
+\end{array}\right)
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
Bigg)^0,5
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sen(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}\]
+\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sen(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
genera
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\ln(\frac{A}{C})\]
+\ln(\frac{A}{C})
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
genera
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)\]
+\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
da lugar a:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\} \]
+\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\}
+\]
\end_inset
e., para vectores físicos:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left\langle \phi\;\middle|\; J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle \]
+\left\langle \phi\;\middle|\; J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
genera:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\]
+\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
genera:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\overset{a}{\maltese}\]
+\overset{a}{\maltese}
+\]
\end_inset
sólo pueden abarcar tres caracteres en la salida, como se muestra en este
ejemplo:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\widetilde{A+B=C-D}\]
+\widetilde{A+B=C-D}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
da:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\underset{***}{A=B}\]
+\underset{***}{A=B}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boxed{A+B=C}\]
+\boxed{A+B=C}
+\]
\end_inset
\color red
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-{\color{red}\int A=B}\label{eq:rojo}\end{equation}
+{\color{red}\int A=B}\label{eq:rojo}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\color green
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-{\color{green}{\color{red}\int A=B}}\label{eq:rojoverde}\end{equation}
+{\color{green}{\color{red}\int A=B}}\label{eq:rojoverde}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}\]
+\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}
+\]
\end_inset
\color black
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\colorbox{verdeoscuro}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[3]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\end{equation}
+\colorbox{verdeoscuro}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[3]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\end{equation}
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
usando el modo texto matemático:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-5x-7b=3b\textrm{ Esto es una descripción. No está separada de la ecuación...}\]
+5x-7b=3b\textrm{ Esto es una descripción. No está separada de la ecuación...}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
El tipo de límites por omisión es:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\]
+\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\]
+\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
para poner el límite debajo:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:IntVol}\end{equation}
+\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:IntVol}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
0<k<1000\\
\\
k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
-\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}\end{equation}
+\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\\
k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
}
-}}^{n}k^{-2}\]
+}}^{n}k^{-2}
+\]
\end_inset
.
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}\]
+\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
se puede usar, p.e., para poner un límite a varios operadores:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}\]
+\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Los comandos de estilo funcionan también en estructuras matemáticas:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}\]
+\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}
+\]
\end_inset
, porque no funciona con minúsculas griegas.
Además, siempre imprime en redonda las letras latinas, como en la ecuación:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash mathbf}\]
+\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash mathbf}
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash boldsymbol}\]
+\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{ecuación con \textbackslash boldsymbol}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{ecuación en un entorno boldmath}\]
+\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{ecuación en un entorno boldmath}
+\]
\end_inset
.
Aquí hay una ecuación en magenta:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}\]
+{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\]
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese\]
+A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}\]
+\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Todas las letras griegas se pueden insertar además mediante el botón
+Las letras griegas se pueden insertar además mediante el botón
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../../images/math/alpha.png
scale 85
\end_inset
de la barra de ecuaciones.
+
+\lang english
+All international typesetting norms purport that Greek letters in math have
+ to be typeset italic/slanted.
+ In some languages, like French or Russian, they are nevertheless sometimes
+ typeset upright.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Cómo escribir letras griegas en redonda se explica en
+Cómo escribir
+\lang english
+special
+\lang spanish
+ letras griegas en redonda se explica en
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Griegas-en-redonda"
\backslash
varGamma
\series default
- genera:
+ genera
\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma$
\end_inset
+.
+
+\lang english
+Another way is to load the package
+\series bold
+\lang spanish
+fixmath
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+fixmath
+\series default
+ forma parte del paquete LaTeX
+\series bold
+was
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paquetes ! was
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+vspace{4mm}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paquetes ! fixmath
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\lang english
+with the LaTeX-preamble line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{fixmath}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang english
+Then all big Greek letters in a document will automatically be typeset upright.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Letras en negrita
\begin_inset Index idx
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
\begin_layout Standard
En una ecuación presentada el límite se imprime debajo, como es habitual:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\lim\limits _{x\rightarrow A}=B\]
+\lim\limits _{x\rightarrow A}=B
+\]
\end_inset
:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
-\hspace{30pt}\iiint_{V}X\mbox{d}V & =U & {}\end{flalign}
+\hspace{30pt}\iiint_{V}X\mbox{d}V & =U & {}
+\end{flalign}
\end_inset
\left.\begin{aligned}\Delta x\Delta p & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\\
\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}
\end{aligned}
-\right\} \mbox{Relaciones de incertidumbre}\]
+\right\} \mbox{Relaciones de incertidumbre}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Ejemplo:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A=C-B\label{eq:a}\end{equation}
+A=C-B\label{eq:a}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-B=C-A\label{eq:b}\end{equation}
+B=C-A\label{eq:b}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-C=A+B\label{eq:c}\end{equation}
+C=A+B\label{eq:c}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\series default
:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A+B=C\tag{algo}\label{eq:tag}\end{equation}
+A+B=C\tag{algo}\label{eq:tag}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\series default
no se imprimen los paréntesis:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-A+B=C\tag*{algo}\]
+A+B=C\tag*{algo}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A+B=C\end{equation}
+A+B=C
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A=\textrm{romanos en minúscula}\end{equation}
+A=\textrm{romanos en minúscula}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-B=\textrm{romanos en mayúscula}\label{eq:Rom}\end{equation}
+B=\textrm{romanos en mayúscula}\label{eq:Rom}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-C=\textrm{latinas en minúscula}\end{equation}
+C=\textrm{latinas en minúscula}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-D=\textrm{latinas en mayúscula}\label{eq:Lat}\end{equation}
+D=\textrm{latinas en mayúscula}\label{eq:Lat}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-E=\mbox{arábigos}\end{equation}
+E=\mbox{arábigos}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
.
La ecuación química es:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:reaccion-quimica}\end{equation}
+\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:reaccion-quimica}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin{CD}A@)))B@)))C\\
@AAA@.@VVV\\
F@(((E@(((D
-\end{CD}\]
+\end{CD}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin{CD}A@)j))B@))k)C@=F\\
@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
D@((j\,(E@)k))F@=C
-\end{CD}\]
+\end{CD}
+\]
\end_inset
el mismo tipo de solución se repite varias veces.
La forma general de una ecuación de segundo grado es:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q\]
+0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q
+\]
\end_inset
La forma general de la solución es:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}\]
+\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\qG x{\ln(x)}B\]
+\qG x{\ln(x)}B
+\]
\end_inset
asegura que todas las barras verticales tienen el tamaño de los delimitadores
circundantes:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}\]
+\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}
+\]
\end_inset
es especialmente apropiada para visualizar la simplificación de fracciones
en una ecuación:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}\]
+\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi\end{equation}
+S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\rho & \mbox{densidad}\\
V & \mbox{volumen}\\
g & \mbox{aceleración gravitatoria}
-\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}\end{flalign}
+\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}
+\end{flalign}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Con estos comandos se pueden escribir reacciones entre partículas elementales:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\uppi^{+}\rightarrow\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}\]
+\uppi^{+}\rightarrow\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}
+\]
\end_inset
projects / features.git / blobdiff