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-% parts of the User's Guide may not print out as expected. If you\r
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-% the documentation team\r
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-\pdf_title "The LyX User's Guide"\r
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-\begin_layout Title\r
-The LyX User's Guide\r
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-\r
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-by the LyX Team\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\noindent\r
-If you have comments on or error corrections to this documentation, please\r
- send them to the LyX Documentation mailing list: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org"\r
-type "mailto:"\r
-\r
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-\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The latest PDF-version of this document can be found here:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/DocumentationDevelopment#UserGuide\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
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-\r
-\r
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-\r
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-\begin_inset CommandInset toc\r
-LatexCommand tableofcontents\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-Getting Started\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-What is LyX?\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX is a document preparation system.\r
- It is a tool for producing beautiful manu\SpecialChar \-\r
-scripts, publishable books, business\r
- letters and proposals, and even poetry.\r
- It is unlike most other \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-word processors\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the sense that it uses the paradigm of a markup language as its core\r
- editing style.\r
- That means that when you type a section header, you mark it as a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
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-\r
-.\r
- LyX takes care of the typesetting for you; so you deal only with concepts,\r
- not with mechanics.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This philosophy is explained in greater detail in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Introduction\r
-\emph default\r
-manual.\r
- If you haven't read it yet, you need to.\r
- Yes, we mean now.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\emph on\r
-Introduction\r
-\emph default\r
- manual describes several things in addition to LyX's philosophy: most important\r
-ly, the format of all of the manuals.\r
- If you don't read it, you will have a bear of a time navigating this manual.\r
- You might also be better served looking in one of the other manuals instead\r
- of this one.\r
- The \r
-\emph on\r
-Introduction\r
-\emph default\r
- manual describes that, too.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-How LyX Looks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Like most applications, LyX has the familiar menu bar across the top of\r
- its window.\r
- Below it is a toolbar with a pulldown box and various buttons.\r
- There is, of course, a vertical scrollbar and a main work area for editing\r
- documents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that there is no horizontal scrollbar.\r
- This is not a bug or an oversight, but intentional.\r
- When you read a book, you expect the end of a line to wrap around to the\r
- next line.\r
- Text overflows onto new pages in a vertical fashion, hence the need for\r
- only a vertical scrollbar.\r
- There are three cases where you might want a horizontal scrollbar.\r
- The first case is large images.\r
- To avoid them being displayed larger than your screen, left click on the\r
- image and use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Scale on Screen\r
-\family default\r
- in the tab \r
-\family sans\r
-LaTeX and LyX options\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The second and third cases are tables and equations which are wider than\r
- the LyX window.\r
- You can use the arrow keys to scroll horizontally through the table, but\r
- this doesn't work for equations yet.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For a brief description of all LyX menus and toolbar buttons, have a look\r
- at Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:The-User-Interface"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-HELP\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The help system consists of the LyX manuals.\r
- You can read all of the manuals from inside LyX.\r
- Just select the manual you want to read from the \r
-\family sans\r
-Help\r
-\family default\r
- menu.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Basic LyX Setup\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Almost all features of LyX can be configured via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Preferences\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- LyX is able to inspect your system to see what programs, LaTeX document\r
- classes and LaTeX packages are available.\r
- It uses this knowledge to give reasonable defaults for the preferences\r
- settings.\r
- Although this configuration has already been done when LyX was installed\r
- on your system, you might have some items that you installed locally, e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-new LaTeX classes, and which are not seen by LyX.\r
- To force LyX to re-inspect your system, you should use \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Reconfigure\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Reconfiguration of LyX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- You should then restart LyX to ensure that the changes are taken into account.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
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-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
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-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can edit documents in LyX without having LaTeX installed, but you will\r
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- installed.\r
- However, some LyX documents use DocBook as the “backend” that can produce\r
- PDFs and the like, and every LyX document can always be output as plain\r
- text or as XHTML.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some document classes may depend upon specific LaTeX or DocBook classes\r
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- Such document classes can be used even if you do not have the required\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\end_inset\r
-\r
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-\family default\r
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-\family sans\r
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-\family default\r
-).\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\r
-\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\emph on\r
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-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\r
-\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Under the \r
-\family sans\r
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-\family default\r
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- in addition to some more advanced operations:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-New \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-new"\r
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-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-New\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
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-\r
-from\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
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-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Open \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "file-open"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Save \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
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-arg "buffer-write"\r
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-\r
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-\end_layout\r
-\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\r
-\family sans\r
-Revert\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
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-\r
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-\r
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-\begin_inset Info\r
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-\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Exit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-They all do pretty much the same thing as in other word processors, with\r
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- The \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-New\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-from\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
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-\family default\r
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- They can be of use for certain classes, especially those for writing letters\r
- (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
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-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
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-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
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-\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
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-\r
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-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
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-\r
-scratch.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
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- space is just that — a big, blank space.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Revert\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-saved\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Version\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Control\r
-\family default\r
- are useful if more people work on the same document at the same time.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-If you plan to do this, you should check out the Version Control feature\r
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- Read Additional Features\SpecialChar \@.\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Revert\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-saved\r
-\family default\r
- will reload the document from disk.\r
- You can of course also use it if you regret that you changed a document\r
- and want to restore it to the last save.\r
- With\r
-\family sans\r
- Version\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Control \r
-\family default\r
-you can register the changes you made to a document so that others can identify\r
- them as your changes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Basic Editing Features\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Editing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Basic-Editing-Features"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Like most modern word processors, LyX can perform cut and paste operations\r
- on blocks of text, can move by character, word, or page of text, and can\r
- delete whole words as well as individual characters.\r
- The next four sections cover the basic LyX editing features and how to\r
- access them.\r
- We will start with cut and paste.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As you might expect, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\r
-\family default\r
- menu and the standard toolbar has the cut and paste commands, along with\r
- various other editing features.\r
- Some of these are special and covered in later sections.\r
- The basic ones are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Cut \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "cut"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Copy \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "copy"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paste \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "paste"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paste\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Recent\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paste\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Special\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Replace \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show findreplace"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The first three are self-explanatory.\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paste\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-You can also copy text between LyX and other programs by cut, copy and paste.\r
- The submenu of \r
-\family sans\r
-Paste\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Recent\r
-\family default\r
- shows you a list with the last strings you have pasted.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paste\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Special\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text,\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Join\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lines\r
-\family default\r
- will insert the text in the clipboard so that the whole text is inserted\r
- as one paragraph.\r
- A new paragraph is started when there is a blank line in the file.\r
- Without \r
-\family sans\r
-Join\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lines\r
-\family default\r
-, the text is inserted as Paragraphs, where the line breaks of the text\r
- will start a new paragraph.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Replace\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Find\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Replace\r
-\family default\r
- item opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Replace\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
- Once you have found a word or expression, LyX selects it.\r
- Hitting the \r
-\family sans\r
-Replace\r
-\family default\r
- button replaces the selected text with the contents of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Replace\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-with\r
-\family default\r
- field.\r
- You can click the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Next\r
-\family default\r
- button to skip the current word.\r
- Hit \r
-\family sans\r
-Replace\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-All\r
-\family default\r
- to replace all occurrences of the text in the document automatically.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Case\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sensitive\r
-\family default\r
- option can be used if you want the search to consider the case of the search\r
- word.\r
- If the toggle is set, searching for \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-Test\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- will not match the word \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-test\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Match whole words only\r
-\family default\r
- option can be used to force LyX to only find complete words, e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g., searching for \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-star\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- will not match \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-starlet\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- LyX offers also an advanced \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Replace\r
-\family default\r
- feature that is described in sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Advanced-Find-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Things like notes, floats, etc.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(the so called \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-insets\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) can be dissolved.\r
- This means that the inset is deleted and its content is left as normal\r
- text.\r
- Dissolving an inset is done by setting the cursor to the beginning of an\r
- inset and pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Backspace\r
-\family default\r
- or by setting the cursor to the end and pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Delete\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The content of an inset is selected using the shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "inset-select-all"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, the shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "command-sequence buffer-begin ; buffer-end-select"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- selects the whole document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Undo and Redo\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Redo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Undo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Undo-and-Redo"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you make a mistake, you can easily recover from it.\r
- LyX has a large-capacity undo/redo buffer.\r
- Select \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Undo\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "undo"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to undo some mistake.\r
- If you accidentally undo too much, use \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Redo\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "redo"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-undo the undo.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- The undo mechanism is currently limited to 100\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-steps to minimize memory overhead.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that if you revert back all changes to arrive at the document as it\r
- was last saved, the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-changed\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- status of the document is unfortunately not reset.\r
- This is a consequence of the 100\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-step undo limit mentioned above.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Undo\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Redo\r
-\family default\r
- work on almost everything in LyX.\r
- But they will not undo or redo text character by character, but by blocks\r
- of text.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Mouse Operations\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Mouse Operations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These are the most basic mouse operations.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Motion\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Click the \r
-\emph on\r
-left mouse button\r
-\emph default\r
- once anywhere in the edit window.\r
- The cursor moves to the text under the mouse.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Selecting Text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Hold down the \r
-\emph on\r
-left mouse button\r
-\emph default\r
- and drag the mouse.\r
- LyX marks the text between the old and new mouse positions.\r
- Use \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Copy\r
-\family default\r
- to create a copy of the text in LyX's buffer (and the clipboard).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Re-position the cursor and then paste the text back into LyX using \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paste\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Insets (Footnotes, Notes, Floats, etc.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Right-click on them to set their properties.\r
- Also check the appropriate section of this manual for more details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Navigating\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Navigating"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Navigating\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX offers you several ways to navigate in documents:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\r
-\family default\r
- menu lists all sections of the document as submenu entries that you can\r
- click to jump to the corresponding document part.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The “Outline”, which is accessed either by the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Outline\r
-\family default\r
- or by the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-toggle toc"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You can set bookmarks in your document under \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Bookmarks\r
-\family default\r
- and use the same menu to return to them.\r
- Note that bookmarks are saved between sessions.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "bookmark-goto 0"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (also \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Bookmarks\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Navigate\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Back\r
-\family default\r
-) jumps to the position in the document where you recently changed something.\r
- This is useful when you have a large document and have navigated or scrolled\r
- to another document part to look for something, and want to go back to\r
- your last editing position.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-By pressing the \r
-\family sans\r
-F5\r
-\family default\r
- key the cursor will be vertically centered in LyX's main window.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-The Outliner\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:The-Outliner"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the pull-down box at the top of the outline window, you can choose between\r
- several different lists, including other TOC-like objects, such as lists\r
- of tables and figures, but also lists of footnotes, or labels and cross-referen\r
-ces (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-), or notes, or citations (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- Clicking on any of these will take you to the corresponding object in your\r
- document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Right-clicking on elements in the Outline opens in many cases a context\r
- menu that will allow for direct modification of those elements.\r
- For example, with citations, the context menu allows you to open the citation\r
- dialog and to modify the citation.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The “Filter” field at the top allows you to restrict which entries appear\r
- in the Outline.\r
- For example, if you are displaying the list of Labels and References and\r
- wish to see only references to subsections, you can enter the text \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sub:\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the filter, and only entries containing that text will be displayed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-At the bottom of the outline are several buttons and the like that allow\r
- you further to control the display.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Sort\r
-\family default\r
- option sorts the current list alphabetically.\r
- Otherwise, the elements appear in the order in which they occur in the\r
- document.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Keep\r
-\family default\r
- option keeps it in the current view state.\r
- Keeping means that when you have, for example, the subsections of sections\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2 and 4 displayed and click on section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-3, the subsections of sections\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2 and 4 will still be displayed.\r
- Without the \r
-\family sans\r
-Keep\r
-\family default\r
- option they will be hidden to highlight the clicked section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-3.\r
- Finally, the slider at the left can be used to open the Outline to a given\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-depth\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- It is best just to experiment with it to see how it works.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/reload.png\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-button refreshes the TOC (though this should not usually be necessary).\r
- Next to it are buttons that allow you to change the position of sections\r
- in your document.\r
- The \r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/down.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/up.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- buttons move sections up and down in the document.\r
- So, for example, you can move section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.5 before section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.4 or after section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.6.\r
- LyX will then automatically renumber the sections to the new order.\r
- With the buttons \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/promote.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/demote.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (or the corresponding key bindings \r
-\family sans\r
-Tab\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Shift-Tab\r
-\family default\r
-) you can change the level of sections.\r
- So you can for example make section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.5 chapter\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-3 or subsection\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.4.1.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Input/Word Completion\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Input-Completion"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Input completion\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Word completion|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Input completion\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX provides completion of words by scanning all documents that are currently\r
- opened.\r
- Every word that appears in these documents is added to a database that\r
- is used to propose completions.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Input completion can be activated in the LyX preferences (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\r
-\family default\r
-) in the section \r
-\family sans\r
-Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Input Completion\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- With the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Automatic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-inline\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-completion\r
-\family default\r
- the proposed completion is shown directly after the cursor.\r
- With the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Automatic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-popup\r
-\family default\r
- the completions are always shown in a popup.\r
- The cursor completion indicator can be turned off by deselecting the option\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Cursor\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-indicator\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- With the general options you can define the delay time for the inline and\r
- popup completion and choose if long completions should be abbreviated.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX displays a small triangle after the cursor as an indicator that there\r
- are completions available.\r
- Press the \r
-\family sans\r
-Tab\r
-\family default\r
- key to accept a proposed completion.\r
- If several completions are possible, a popup is opened showing them.\r
- You can select a completion in the popup using the mouse or the arrow keys,\r
- and accept the chosen completion by pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The completion options for math in the preferences do the same as the correspond\r
-ing options for text.\r
- The special math option \r
-\family sans\r
-Autocorrection\r
-\family default\r
- enables characters to be composed.\r
- If, for example, you want to insert the character \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\Rightarrow$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, you can then input the characters \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-=>\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to a formula to get it.\r
- So this is a quick alternative to the insertion of commands or the use\r
- of the math toolbar.\r
- A list with supported character combinations can be found in the file \r
-\family typewriter\r
-autocorrect\r
-\family default\r
- that is in LyX's installation folder.\r
- Math autocorrection can at any time be turned on by pressing the exclamation\r
- mark key “!”.\r
- Pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- turns it off.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Basic Key Bindings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Key Bindings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Bindings|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Key Bindings\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Shortcuts|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Key Bindings\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are at least two different primary binding maps: \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cua\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-emacs\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- LyX's default is \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cua\r
-\family default\r
-, which can be changed in the LyX preferences under \r
-\family sans\r
-Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Shortcuts\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- (You can list or change any key bindings as explained in sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Editing-Shortcuts"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some keys, like \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Up\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Down\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Left\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Up\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Down\r
-\family default\r
-, do exactly what you expect them to do.\r
- Other keys don't:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Tab\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "Tab"\r
-description "Tabulator key"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- There is no such thing as a tab stop in LyX.\r
- If you do not understand this, go read sections\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Par-indent-intro"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Paragraph-Environments"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, especially section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Lists"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, right now.\r
- Yes, right now.\r
- If you are still confused, look in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Tutorial\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-In LyX the \r
-\family sans\r
-Tab\r
-\family default\r
- key is only used to accept proposed input completions, to move the cursor\r
- in tables or math matrices or to change the nesting level in Itemize or\r
- Enumerate.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Esc\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "Esc"\r
-description "Escape key"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cancel key.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- It is used, generically, to cancel operations.\r
- Other parts of the manual will go into greater detail about this.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Home\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-End\r
-\family default\r
- These move the cursor, respectively, to the beginning and end of a line,\r
- unless you are using the Emacs bindings where they jump to the beginning\r
- or end of the file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are three modifier keys:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Control\r
-\family default\r
- (Denoted by \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Ctrl\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "Ctrl"\r
-description "Control key"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the documentation files) This has a couple of different uses, depending\r
- on which keys it is used in combination with:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Backspace\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Delete\r
-\family default\r
-, it deletes an entire word instead of a single character.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Left\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\family default\r
-, it moves by words instead of characters.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Home\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-End\r
-\family default\r
-, it moves to the beginning and the end of the document, respectively.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Shift\r
-\family default\r
- (Denoted by \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Shift\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "Shift"\r
-description "Shift key"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the documentation files) Use this with any of the arrow keys to select\r
- the text between the old and new cursor positions.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Alt\r
-\family default\r
- (Denoted by \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Alt\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "Alt"\r
-description "Alt or Meta key"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the documentation files) This is the Alt key on many keyboards, unless\r
- your keyboard has a distinct Meta key.\r
- If you have both keys, you will need to try out which one actually performs\r
- the \r
-\family sans\r
-Alt+\r
-\family default\r
- function.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-This key does many different things, but it also activates the \r
-\emph on\r
-menu accelerator keys\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- If you use this in combination with any of the underlined letters in a\r
- menu or menu item, it selects that menu item.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For example, the sequence \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Alt\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-s\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-c\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- brings up the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text Style\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog.\r
- Typing \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Alt\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-f\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-File\r
-\family default\r
- menu.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\emph on\r
-Shortcuts\r
-\emph default\r
- manual lists all other things bound to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Alt\r
-\family default\r
- key.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You will learn more and more key bindings and short-cut keys as you use\r
- LyX, because most actions will prompt a small message in the status bar\r
- at the bottom of LyX's main window which describes the name of the action\r
- you have just triggered, and any existing key bindings for that action.\r
- The LyX menus also list the defined key bindings.\r
- The notation for the key bindings is very similar to the notation used\r
- in this documentation, so you should not have any problems understanding\r
- it.\r
- However, notice that Shift-modifiers are explicitly mentioned, so \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Alt+P Shift+A\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- means \r
-\family sans\r
-Alt+P\r
-\family default\r
- followed by a capital \r
-\family sans\r
-A\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-LyX Basics\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LyX ! Basics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Document Types\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Types\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Introduction\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Before you do anything else, before you ever start writing a document, you\r
- need to decide what type of document you want to edit.\r
- Different types of documents use different types of spacing, headings,\r
- numbering schemes, and so on.\r
- Additionally, different documents use different paragraph environments,\r
- and format the title of your document differently.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A \r
-\emph on\r
-document class\r
-\emph default\r
- describes a group of properties common to a particular set of documents.\r
- By setting the document class, you automatically select these properties,\r
- making it easier to create the type of document you want.\r
- If you don't choose a document class, LyX picks one for you by default.\r
- So it is up to you to change the class of your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Document Classes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Classes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Document-Classes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can select a class using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Document Class\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog.\r
- Select the class you want to use, and make any fine tunings of the options\r
- you may need.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Overview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are four standard document classes in LyX.\r
- They are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Article for basic articles\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Report for basic reports\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Book for writing a book\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Letter for US-style letters\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are also some non-standard classes, which LyX only uses if you have\r
- installed the corresponding LaTeX class files, though most LaTeX distributions\r
- will include many of these.\r
- Here are some of the classes.\r
- The full list with detailed explanations can be found in chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Special Document Classes\r
-\emph default\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-A&A Journal articles in the style and format used in Astronomy & Astrophysics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-ACS For submissions to the journals published by the American Chemistry\r
- Society\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-AGU For submissions to the journals published by the American Geophysical\r
- Union\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-AMS Layouts for articles and books in the style and format used by the American\r
- Mathematical Society (AMS).\r
- There are three article layouts available.\r
- The standard one uses a typical numbering scheme for theorems etc., that\r
- prepends the section number to the number of the result.\r
- All result-type statements (propositions, corollaries, and so on) are sequenced\r
- together, but definitions, examples, and the like have their own sequence.\r
- The \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sequential numbering\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- scheme does not place the section number with each result, but numbers\r
- them throughout the article in a single sequence.\r
- Each type of result gets its own sequence.\r
- There is also a layout that dispenses with numbering of statements altogether.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Beamer Layout for presentations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Broadway Layout for writing plays.\r
- It is not an existing LaTeX document class, but a new one that is distributed\r
- with LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Chess Layout to write about chess games\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Curriculum\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-vitae classes to create curriculum vitae\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Elsarticle Layout for journals of the Elsevier publishing group\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Foils Used to make transparencies\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Hollywood Used to type spec scripts for the US film industry.\r
- It is not an existing LaTeX document class, but a new one that is distributed\r
- with LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-IEEEtran Layout for the journals published by the Institute of Electrical\r
- and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-IOP Layout for journals of the Institute of Physics publishing group\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Kluwer Layout for journals of the Kluwer publishing group\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-KOMA-Script a replacement for the standard classes, offers many useful features\r
- like caption formatting, automatic print space calculation etc.\r
- (Is used by this document.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Memoir another replacement for the standard classes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Powerdot Layout for presentations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-REVTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X is used to write articles for the publications of the American Physical\r
- Society (APS), American Institute of Physics (AIP), and Optical Society\r
- of America (OSA).\r
- This class is not completely compatible with all LyX features.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Slides Used to make transparencies\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-SPIE\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Proceedings Layout for the journals published by The International Society\r
- for Optical Engineering (SPIE)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Springer Layouts for journals of the Springer publishing group\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We will not go into detail about how to use these different document classes\r
- here.\r
- You can find details about the non-standard classes in Chapter 6 of the\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
- Here, we will settle for a list of some of the common properties of all\r
- of the document classes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Availability\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You will probably find that many of the document classes listed under \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Document Class\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\family default\r
-are marked as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Unavailable\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you open a document that uses such a class, you will receive a warning\r
- saying that there are files that are required to produce output that are\r
- not installed.\r
- So it may seem that something is wrong.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Nothing is wrong.\r
- LyX includes many more document classes than you will ever need to use,\r
- and some of them, like \r
-\family sans\r
-IOP\r
-\family default\r
-, are highly specialized.\r
- LyX tries to support as many different types of documents as possible,\r
- and it includes almost one hundred different layout files, with a growing\r
- number.\r
- No LaTeX distribution will install by default all files that might be needed\r
- by some document class.\r
- There are just too many of them.\r
- That is why some of the document classes are unavailable.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If there is a document class you would like to use that is marked as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Unavailable\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, you just need to install the appropriate package files.\r
- The easiest way to find out which files you need to install is to use that\r
- document class for a new file.\r
- LyX will display a dialog that will list the missing files.\r
- See section \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Installing new LaTeX files\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for information on how to install them.\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Although LyX provides support for many different sorts of documents, it\r
- does not include support for every document class people might want to\r
- use.\r
- For example, many universities provide LaTeX class files to be used for\r
- dissertations submitted to those universities.\r
- The LyX team cannot write layout files to support every one of these.\r
- There are too many.\r
- Fortunately, users can write their own layout files, and many users have\r
- done so.\r
- Chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Installing New Document Classes, Layouts, and Templates\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual contains information on how to create layout files.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Modules\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Modules"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Modules\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Modules load additional features that are not by default available in the\r
- chosen document class.\r
- For example you might want to write Braille (embossed printing) in a document.\r
- This is not available in any document class, so you have to load the correspond\r
-ing module in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Modules\r
-\family default\r
- section of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog.\r
- Highlighting a module in the dialog will bring up a description of what\r
- it does.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some modules require LaTeX packages or file format converters that are not\r
- always installed by default.\r
- LyX will warn you if you do not have a required package or converter, and\r
- it will tell you what exactly you are missing.\r
- You can still use the module while editing your file, but you will not\r
- be able to export to PDF or print your document, since LyX will not be\r
- able to compile the LaTeX file without the missing prerequisites.\r
- If you want to be able to produce this kind of output, then you need to\r
- install the missing prerequisites and then reconfigure LyX by selecting\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Reconfigure\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Reconfiguration of LyX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- See section \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Installing new LaTeX files\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for more information on installing required packages.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Some modules require other modules, and some pairs of modules are incompatible.\r
- LyX will advise you about these things.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Local Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Local-Layout"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Local Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Modules are to LyX much as packages are to LaTeX: They are intended to be\r
- used in a variety of different documents.\r
- If you often find yourself needing the same sort of thing in different\r
- documents, you should consider writing a module for this purpose.\r
- Sometimes, however, a particular document has very special needs, but you\r
- need a specific inset or character style only that one time.\r
- You want something that is like a document's own LaTeX preamble.\r
- What you want is LyX's \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Local Layout\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- See section \r
-\emph on\r
-Local Layout\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for information on how to use it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Properties\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Each class has a default set of options.\r
- Here's a quick table describing them:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="5">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Page style\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Sides\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Columns\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Max.\r
- sectioning level\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-article\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Plain\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Section\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-report\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Plain\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Chapter\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-book\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Headings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Two\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Chapter\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-letter\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Plain\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-none\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You're probably also wondering what \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Max.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sectioning level\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- means.\r
- There are several paragraph environments used to create section headings.\r
- Different document classes allow different types of section headings.\r
- Only two use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
- heading; the rest do not and begin instead with the \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
- heading.\r
- Some document classes, such as the ones for letters, don't use any section\r
- headings.\r
- In addition to \r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
- headings, there are also \r
-\family sans\r
-Subsection\r
-\family default\r
- headings, \r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection\r
-\family default\r
- headings, and so on.\r
- We will describe these headings fully in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Headings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Document Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Document-Layout"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The most important properties of document classes are set in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- There in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Class\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-options\r
-\family default\r
- field under \r
-\family sans\r
-Documents\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Class\r
-\family default\r
-, you can enter special options for your document class in a comma-separated\r
- list.\r
- This is only necessary if LyX doesn't support special options you want\r
- to use for your document.\r
- To learn more about your favorite LaTeX-class and its options, you have\r
- to read its manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The drop box \r
-\family sans\r
-Headings\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-style\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog under \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
- controls what sorts of headings and page numbers go on a page.\r
- You can choose between the following five options:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- Use default page style of current class.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-empty\r
-\family default\r
- No page numbers or headings.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-plain\r
-\family default\r
- Page numbers only.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-headings\r
-\family default\r
- Page numbers and either the current chapter or section title and number.\r
- Whether LyX uses the current chapter or the current section depends on\r
- the maximum sectioning level of the class.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-fancy\r
-\family default\r
- This allows you to define fully customizable headers and footers if you\r
- have the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-fancyhdr\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! fancyhdr\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- installed.\r
- How they are defined is explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Customized-Page-Headers"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The separation of paragraphs is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Paragraph-Separation"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Paper Size and Orientation\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Paper size\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Paper-Size,-Orientation"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can find the following options in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
- of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog:\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paper\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
- What size paper to print on.\r
- The choices are\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-A0 - A6\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-B0 - B6\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-C0 - C6\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-US letter, US legal, US executive\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-JIS B0 - JIS B6\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Custom\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Orientation\r
-\family default\r
- To choose whether to output as \r
-\family sans\r
-Landscape\r
-\family default\r
- or as \r
-\family sans\r
-Portrait\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Two-sided\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-document\r
-\family default\r
- Adjusts the print space to print both sides of paper.\r
- That means that the print space for odd- and even-numbered pages is different.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Margins\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Margins"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Margins\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Margins\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Paper margins are set in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you use a KOMA-Script document class, you can use the default settings\r
- because KOMA-Script calculates the print space automatically by taking\r
- the paper format and the font size into account.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Important Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you change a document class, LyX has to convert \r
-\emph on\r
-everything\r
-\emph default\r
- into the new class.\r
- That includes the paragraph environments.\r
- Some paragraph environments are standard, in so far as all of the document\r
- classes have them; but some classes have special paragraph environments.\r
- If this is the case, and you change the document class, LyX will mark the\r
- paragraphs whose styles it no longer understands as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-unknown\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The name of the style is retained, in case you should want to go back to\r
- the old class.\r
- But these paragraphs will be output with no special formatting, so you\r
- will either need to create a new style yourself or else convert these paragraph\r
-s manually to a style present in your new document class.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Paragraph Indentation and Separation\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Indentation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Introduction\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Par-indent-intro"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Before describing all of the various paragraph environments, we'd like to\r
- say a word or two about paragraph indentation.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Everyone seems to have their own convention for separating paragraphs.\r
- Most Americans indent the first line of a paragraph.\r
- Others don't indent but put extra space between the paragraphs.\r
- If you choose indentation for paragraphs the \r
-\emph on\r
-first\r
-\emph default\r
- paragraph of a section, or after a figure, an equation, a table, a list,\r
- etc., is \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- indented.\r
- Only a paragraph following another paragraph gets indented.\r
- Note that the indentation behavior is different when you use another document\r
- language than English.\r
- LaTeX takes care that the indentation follows the rules of the language\r
- used.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The space between paragraphs, like the line spacing, the space between headings\r
- and text — in fact, all the spacing for just about everything —is pre-coded\r
- into LyX.\r
- As we said, you don't worry about how much space to add between what.\r
- LyX takes care of that.\r
- In fact, these pre-coded vertical spacings aren't a single number but a\r
- range.\r
- That way, LyX can squish or stretch the space between lines to make sure\r
- figures fit on a page with text, so that sections don't start at the bottom\r
- of a page, and so on.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX does this when LyX goes to produce a printable file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- However, pre-coded doesn't mean you can't change them.\r
- LyX gives you the ability globally to change \r
-\emph on\r
-all\r
-\emph default\r
- these pre-coded spacings.\r
- We will explain more later.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Paragraph Separation\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Paragraph-Separation"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Separation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Select \r
-\family sans\r
-Indentation\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Vertical\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-space\r
-\family default\r
- in the submenu \r
-\family sans\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
- of the dialog \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to indent paragraphs or to add extra space between paragraphs, respectively.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Fine-Tuning\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also change the separation method of a single paragraph.\r
- Open the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog and toggle the \r
-\family sans\r
-Indent\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Paragraph\r
-\family default\r
- option to change the state of the current paragraph (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paragraph-params \\indent-toggle"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- If paragraphs have no indentation but use extra space for separation, this\r
- button will be ignored (you can't indent a single paragraph by toggling\r
- this).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You should only need to change the indentation method for a single paragraph\r
- if you need to do some fine-tuning.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Line Spacing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Line spacing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\noun on\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-\noun default\r
- dialog you can set the line spacing for the whole document in the submenu\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-You need to have the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-setspace\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! setspace\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- installed to use this feature.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- You can set it for a single paragraph in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog but this should be used very exceptionally because vertical spacing\r
- is normally defined in the environment's style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Paragraph Environments\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Paragraph-Environments"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Environments\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph environments|(\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Overview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Paragraph environments correspond to the\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-begin{\r
-\emph on\r
-environment\r
-\emph default\r
-} ...\r
- \r
-\backslash\r
-end{\r
-\emph on\r
-environment\r
-\emph default\r
-}\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-command sequence in LaTeX files.\r
- If you don't know LaTeX, or the concept of a paragraph environment is totally\r
- alien to you, we urge you to read the \r
-\emph on\r
-Tutorial\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- The \r
-\emph on\r
-Tutorial\r
-\emph default\r
- also contains many more examples than this section does.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A paragraph environment is simply a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-container\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for a paragraph which gives that paragraph certain properties.\r
- This can include a particular style of font, different margins, a numbering\r
- scheme, labels, and so on.\r
- Additionally, you can \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-nest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- the different environments inside one another, allowing one environment\r
- to inherit some of the properties of another.\r
- The different paragraph environments totally replace the need for messy\r
- tab stops, on the fly margin adjustment, and other hangovers from the days\r
- of typewriters.\r
- There are several paragraph environments that are specific to a particular\r
- document type.\r
- We will only be covering the most common ones here.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To choose a new paragraph environment, use the pull-down box \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/ToolbarEnvBox.png\r
- scale 70\r
- clip\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- at the left end of the toolbar.\r
- LyX will change the environment of the \r
-\emph on\r
-entire\r
-\emph default\r
- paragraph in which the cursor sits.\r
- You can also change the environment of an entire group of paragraphs if\r
- you select them before choosing the new environment.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that entering \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- will \r
-\emph on\r
-typically\r
-\emph default\r
- create a new paragraph using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- paragraph environment.\r
- We say \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-typically\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- because if you are in one of these environments:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX keeps the old paragraph environment when you enter \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
-, rather than resetting it to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Also the nesting depth is preserved (for more on nesting see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Standard\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The default paragraph environment is \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- for most classes.\r
- It creates a plain paragraph.\r
- If LyX resets the paragraph environment, this is the one it chooses.\r
- In fact, the paragraph you're reading right now (and most of the ones in\r
- this manual) are in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can nest a paragraph using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment in just about anything else, but you can't really nest anything\r
- in a \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Document Title\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Title\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A LaTeX title page has three parts: the title itself, the name(s) of the\r
- author(s) and a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-footnote\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for thanks or contact information.\r
- For certain types of documents, LaTeX places all of this on a separate\r
- page along with today's date.\r
- For other types of documents, the title \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-page\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- goes at the top of the first page of the document.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX provides an interface to the title page commands through the paragraph\r
- environments \r
-\family sans\r
-Title\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Author\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family sans\r
-Date\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Here's how you use them:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Put the title of your document in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Title\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Put the author name in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Author\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-If you want the date to have a certain appearance, want to use a fixed date,\r
- or want other text to appear in place of today's date, put that text in\r
- the \r
-\family sans\r
-Date\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- Note that using this environment is optional.\r
- If you don't provide any, LaTeX will automatically insert today's date.\r
- If you don't want a date, use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Suppress default date on front page\r
-\family default\r
- in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Document\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-class\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can use footnotes to insert \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-thanks\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or contact information.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Headings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Section headings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Headings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are several paragraph environments for producing section headings.\r
- LyX takes care of the numbering for you.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Numbered Headings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Section headings ! Numbered\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are 7 numbered types of section headings.\r
- They are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Part\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsection\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paragraph\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subparagraph\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX labels each heading with a series of numbers, separated by periods.\r
- The numbers describe where in the document you are.\r
- Unlike the other headings, parts are numbered with Latin letters.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Headings all subdivide your document into different pieces of text.\r
- For example, suppose you're writing a book.\r
- You group the book into chapters.\r
- LyX does a similar grouping:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Part\r
-\family default\r
- is divided into either \r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
-s or \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
-s\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
-s are divided into \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
-s\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
-s are divided into \r
-\family sans\r
-Subsection\r
-\family default\r
-s\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsection\r
-\family default\r
-s are divided into \r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection\r
-\family default\r
-s\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection\r
-\family default\r
-s are divided into \r
-\family sans\r
-Paragraph\r
-\family default\r
-s\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paragraph\r
-\family default\r
-s are divided into \r
-\family sans\r
-Subparagraph\r
-\family default\r
-s\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Not all document types use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
- heading as the maximum sectioning level.\r
- In that case the \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
- is the top-level heading.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-So, if you use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection\r
-\family default\r
- environment to label a new sub-subsection, LyX labels it with its number,\r
- along with the number of the subsection, section and, if applicable, chapter\r
- that it's in.\r
- For example: the fifth section of the second chapter of this book has the\r
- label \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.5\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Unnumbered Headings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Section headings ! Unnumbered\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The unnumbered section headings have a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-*\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- at the end of their name.\r
- They work the same as their numbered counterparts but will not appear in\r
- the table of contents, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:toc"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Changing the Numbering\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Numbering-depth"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also alter which sectioning levels get numbered and which ones appear\r
- in the Table of Contents.\r
- Now, this doesn't remove any of the levels; that's preset in the document\r
- class.\r
- Just as certain classes start with \r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
- and go down to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Subparagraph\r
-\family default\r
- level.\r
- Others start at \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Similarly, not all document classes number all sectioning levels.\r
- Most don't number \r
-\family sans\r
-Paragraph\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Subparagraph\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This is something you can change.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Open the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Under \r
-\family sans\r
-Numbering\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-TOC\r
-\family default\r
- you will see two counters.\r
- The one named \r
-\family sans\r
-Numbering\r
-\family default\r
- controls how far down in the sectioning hierarchy LyX numbers a section\r
- heading.\r
- The other one controls the appearance of the section headings in the table\r
- of contents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Short Titles of Headings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Section headings ! Short titles\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Short Titles\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Short-Titles"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some section or chapter titles, such as this one, can get quite long.\r
- This can cause trouble when there is limited horizontal space.\r
- For example, if the header of the page is set to show the current section\r
- title, a long title will protrude over the page margins and look awful.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LaTeX allows you to specify a short title for section headings.\r
- This short title is used in the header and in the actual table of contents,\r
- avoiding the problem mentioned.\r
- To specify a short title, use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Short\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Title\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This will insert a box labeled \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-opt\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (stands for \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-optional\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) which you can use to enter the short title text.\r
- This also works for captions inside floats.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The title of this section is a good example of using this feature.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Special Information\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The following information applies to all section headings:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You cannot do any nesting with these environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You cannot use a margin note in any of these environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You can only use inline math in these environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You can use labels and cross-references to refer to their numbers.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Quotes and Poetry line spacing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX has three paragraph environments for writing poetry and quotations.\r
- They are \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Forget the days of changing line spacing and twiddling with margins.\r
- These three paragraph environments already have those changes built-in.\r
- They all widen the left margin and add a bit of extra space above and below\r
- the text they contain.\r
- They also allow nesting, so you can put a \r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
- in a \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
-, as well as in some other paragraph environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There is another feature of these three paragraph environments: they do\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- reset to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- when you start a new paragraph.\r
- So, you can type in that poem and merrily enter \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- without worrying about the paragraph environment changing on you.\r
- Of course, that means that, once you are done typing in that poem, you\r
- have to change back to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment yourself.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Quote"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Quotation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Now that we've described the similarities of these three environments, it's\r
- time for the differences.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- are identical except for one difference: \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- uses extra spacing to separate paragraphs and never indents the first line.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-always\r
-\emph default\r
- indents the first line of a paragraph and uses the same line spacing throughout.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here's an example of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- environment:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-This is in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- I can keep writing, extending this line out further and further until it\r
- wraps.\r
- See – no indentation!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-Here's the second paragraph of this quote.\r
- Again, there's no indentation, but there is extra space between me and\r
- the other paragraph.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here's another example, this time in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- environment:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-This is in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- If I keep writing, you will see the indentation.\r
- If your country uses a writing style that indicates new paragraphs by indenting\r
- the first line, then \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- is the environment for you! Well, you'd use it \r
-\emph on\r
-if\r
-\emph default\r
- you were quoting other text.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-Here's a new paragraph.\r
- I could ramble on and on, like a politician at election time.\r
- If I did that, though, you'd get bored.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As the examples show, \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- is for those people who use extra space to separate paragraphs.\r
- They should put quotes in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- Those who use indentation to mark a new paragraph should use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- paragraph environment for quoted text.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Verse\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Poetry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Verse"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
- is a paragraph environment for poetry, rhymes, verses, and so on.\r
- Here's an example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-This is in Verse\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Which I did not rehearse!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-It could be much worse.\r
- This line could be long, very long, oh so long, so very long that it wraps\r
- around.\r
- It looks okay on screen, but in the printed version, the extra lines are\r
- indented a bit more than the first.\r
- Okay, so it's turned to prose and doesn't rhyme anymore.\r
- So sue me.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-To break a line\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-And make things look fine\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As you can see, \r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
- does not indent both margins.\r
- Each stanza of the verse or poem is in its own paragraph.\r
- To separate the individual lines of a stanza, use the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-break-line\r
-\family default\r
- function \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Lists\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Lists"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX has four different paragraph environments for creating different kinds\r
- of lists.\r
- In the \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environments, LyX labels your list items with bullets or numbers, respectively.\r
- In the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
- environments, LyX lets you provide your own label.\r
- We will present the individual details of each type of list next after\r
- describing some general features of all four of them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-General Features\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The four paragraph environments for lists differ from the other environments\r
- in several ways.\r
- First, LyX treats each paragraph as a list item.\r
- Hitting \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- does \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- reset the environment to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- but keeps the current environment and creates a new list item.\r
- The nesting depth is thereby kept.\r
- If you want to keep the paragraph environment but reset the current nesting\r
- depth, you can use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you do this at the top level of a list, it returns you to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can nest lists of any type inside one another.\r
- In fact, LyX changes the labels on some list items depending on how it\r
- is nested.\r
- If you intend to use any of the list paragraph environments, we suggest\r
- you read all of section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Itemize\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Itemize"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The first type of list we will describe in detail is the \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- paragraph environment.\r
- It has the following properties:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Each item has a particular bullet or symbol as its label.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-LyX uses the same symbol for all of the items in a given nesting level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The symbol appears at the beginning of the first line.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The items can have any length.\r
- LyX automatically offsets the left margin of each item.\r
- The offset is always relative to whatever environment the \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- list may be in.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-If you nest an \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment inside another \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment, the label changes to a new symbol.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-There are four different symbols for up to a four-fold nesting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-LyX always shows the same symbol on screen.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-See section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for a full explanation of nesting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Of course, that explanation was also an example of an \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- list.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment is best suited for lists where the order doesn't matter.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We said that different levels use different symbols as their label.\r
- Here's an example of all four possible symbols.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The label for the first level \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- is a large black dot, or bullet.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The label for the second level is a dash.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The label for the third is an asterisk.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-The label for the fourth is a centered dot.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Back out to the third level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Back to the second level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Back to the outermost level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These are the default labels for an \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- list.\r
- You can customize how these labels are displayed in the output in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog in the submenu \r
-\family sans\r
-Bullets\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- These customizations are not displayed in LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Notice how the space between items decreases with increasing depth.\r
- We will explain nesting and all the tricks you can do with different depths\r
- in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Enumerate\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Enumerate"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment is used to create numbered lists and outlines.\r
- It has these properties:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Each item has a numeral as its label.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-The label type depends on the nesting depth.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-LyX automatically counts the items for you and updates the label as appropriate.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Each new \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment resets the counter to one.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Like the \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Offsets the items relative to the left margin.\r
- Items can have any length.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Reduces the space between items as the nesting depth increases.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Uses different types of labels depending on the nesting depth.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Allows up to a four-fold nesting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Unlike the \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment, \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- shows the different labels for each item in LyX.\r
- Here is how LyX labels the four different levels in an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-The first level of an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- uses Arabic numerals followed by a period.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-The second level uses lower case letters surrounded by parentheses.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-The third level uses lower-case Roman numerals followed by a period.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-The fourth level uses capital letters followed by a period.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Again, notice the decrease in the spacing between items as the nesting depth\r
- increases.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Back to the third level\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Back to the second level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Back to the outermost level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can customize the type of numbering used in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Customized-Lists"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Such customization only shows up in the printed version, not in LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There is more to nesting \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environments than we've stated here.\r
- You should read section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to learn more about nesting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Description\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Unlike the previous two environments, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- list has no fixed label.\r
- Instead, LyX uses the first \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-word\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the first line as the label.\r
- Here's an example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Example: This is an example of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX typesets the label in boldface and puts extra space between it and the\r
- rest of the line.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the first \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-word\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- it is meant that the first usage of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- key ends the label if you are at the beginning of the first line of an\r
- item.\r
- If you need to use more than one word in a label use a \r
-\family sans\r
-Protected Space\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- (Use either \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Protected\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Protected-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for more information.) Here is an example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Second\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Example: This one shows how to use a \r
-\family sans\r
-Protected\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- in the label of a \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- list item.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Usage: You should use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- environment for things like definitions and theorems.\r
- Use it when you need to make one word in particular stand out in the text\r
- that describes it.\r
- It's not a good idea to use a \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- environment when you have an entire sentence that you want to describe.\r
- You're better off using \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- and nesting several \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- paragraphs into them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Nesting: You can nest \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- environments inside one another, nest them in other types of lists, and\r
- so on.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Notice that after the first line, LyX indents subsequent lines, offsetting\r
- them from the first line.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Labeling\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Labeling\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- environment is a LyX extension to LaTeX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Like the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- list the \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- list has user-defined labels for each list item but it provides some additional\r
- features.\r
- Here are its properties:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-item\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-labels LyX uses the first \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-word\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of each line as the item label.\r
- The first \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- after the beginning of the first line of an item marks the end of the label.\r
- If you need to use more than one word in an item label, use a protected\r
- space as described above.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-margins As you can see, LyX uses different margins for the item label and\r
- the body of the item text.\r
- The body of the text has a larger left margin, which is equal to the default\r
- label width plus a little extra space.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-label\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-width LyX uses the width of the label, or the default width, whatever is\r
- larger.\r
- If the label width is larger, the label \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-extends\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- into the first line.\r
- In other words, the text of the first line isn't aligned with the left\r
- margin of the rest of the item text.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-width You can set the default label width to ensure that the text of all\r
- items in a \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- environment has the same left margin.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-To change the default width, select all items in the list.\r
- Now open the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The text in the box \r
-\family sans\r
-Longest\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label\r
-\family default\r
- determines the default label width.\r
- You can use the text of your largest label here, but you can also use the\r
- letter \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-M\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- multiple times instead.\r
- M is the widest character and is a standard unit of widths in LaTeX.\r
- By using \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-M\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- as the unit of width you don't need to keep changing the contents of \r
-\family sans\r
-Longest\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label\r
-\family default\r
- every time you alter a label in a \r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The predefined default width is the length of \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-00.00.0000\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (equal to 6\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-M).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You should use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- list the same way as the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- list: When you need one word to stand out from the text that describes\r
- it.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- environment gives you another way to do this, using a different overall\r
- layout.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can nest \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- lists inside one another, nest them in other types of lists, and so on.\r
- They work just like the other list paragraph environments.\r
- Read section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to learn about nesting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There is yet another feature of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- list: As you can see in the examples, LyX left-justifies the item labels\r
- by default.\r
- You can use additional \r
-\family sans\r
-HFills\r
-\family default\r
- to change how LyX justifies the item label.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Hfills\r
-\family default\r
- are documented in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Here are some examples:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-Left The default for \r
-\family sans\r
-Labeling\r
-\family default\r
- item labels.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Right One \r
-\family sans\r
-HFill\r
-\family default\r
- at the beginning of the label right justifies it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Center\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- One \r
-\family sans\r
-HFill\r
-\family default\r
- at the beginning of the label and one at the end centers it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Customized Lists\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Customized-Lists"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Customized\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The features described in this section require that the module \r
-\family sans\r
-Customisable Lists (enumitem)\r
-\family default\r
- is loaded in the document settings.\r
- The module uses the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-enumitem\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! enumitem\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Custom Enumerate Lists\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Enumerate ! Custom\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-The default numbering of numbered lists can be changed by adding an optional\r
- argument (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Short Title\r
-\family default\r
-) to the first item of each level in the list.\r
- There you add the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-roman{enumi}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-in TeX Code (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "ert-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-For more about TeX Code, look at section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:TeX-Code"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\emph on\r
- enumi\r
-\emph default\r
- is hereby the first level counter of the enumeration.\r
- The command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-roman\r
-\series default\r
- outputs the counter as a small Roman numeral.\r
- For capital Roman numerals replace \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-roman\r
-\series default\r
- with \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-Roman\r
-\series default\r
- in the command above.\r
- For Arabic numerals use \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-arabic\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- To \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-number\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- items with capital or small Latin letters use \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-Alph\r
-\series default\r
- or \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-alph\r
-\series default\r
-, respectively.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- You can only number 26\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-items with Latin letters, because this numbering is limited to single letters.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To change the numbering for the list sublevels, replace the 'i' in the command\r
- by the small Roman numeral of the level (enumi, enumii, enumiii, enumiv).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is a list with custom numbering:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-#\r
-\backslash\r
-Alph{enumi}\r
-\backslash\r
-#\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Level 1\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-Alph{enumi}.\r
-\backslash\r
-arabic{enumii}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Level 2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Level 2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-bf{\r
-\backslash\r
-arabic{enumiii}}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Level 3\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-emph{\r
-\backslash\r
-roman{enumiv})}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Level 4\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For this list these commands were used:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-#\r
-\backslash\r
-Alph{enumi}\r
-\backslash\r
-#\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-Alph{enumi}.\r
-\backslash\r
-arabic{enumii}\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-bf{\r
-\backslash\r
-arabic{enumiii}}\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-emph{\r
-\backslash\r
-roman{enumiv})}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-where the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-emph{}\r
-\series default\r
- makes the label emphasized and \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-bf{}\r
-\series default\r
- makes it bold.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- When you change the label of a list level, it will be used for all following\r
- lists until you change the definition.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Resumed Enumeration\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Enumerate ! Resumed\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Enumerations can be resumed after intermediate paragraphs:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-label=\r
-\backslash\r
-arabic{enumi}.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-first\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-goes back to default numbering\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-second\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-regular text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate-Resume\r
-resumed\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To resume an enumeration, use the style \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate-Resume\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Its numbering appears in blue within LyX to indicate that it is a resumed\r
- list and that the numbering will not be correct in LyX, but in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- If there is no previous enumeration to resume, you will get a LaTeX error.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Perhaps you might want to resume the list with a different number from the\r
- next one.\r
- Or you want to start a new enumeration with a defined number.\r
- This is possible by adding an optional argument to the first list item\r
- of a normal enumeration.\r
- There, insert the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-start=number\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-where \r
-\emph on\r
-number\r
-\emph default\r
- is the number with which you want to resume the list.\r
- An example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-first item\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-second item\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Enumeration starting at a given value:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-start=4\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-This enumeration starts at 4\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-List Spacing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Spacing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In some cases you might want less or more vertical space between the items\r
- of a list.\r
- For example if the default space is too much in your opinion in this case:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-A bullet list\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-with standard spacing \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can decrease the space by adding an optional argument to the first item\r
- of the list.\r
- Add there the command \r
-\series bold\r
-nolistsep\r
-\series default\r
- to get no additional list space like in this example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-nolistsep\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-A bullet list\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-without additional\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-vertical space\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To add space you can use several other commands provided by the LaTeX-package\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-enumitem\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! enumitem\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- For more information see its documentation, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "enumitem"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are also many commands available to change the horizontal spacing\r
- and indentation.\r
- Here is an example where the indentation was changed to that of the paragraphs\r
- in the document and the label separation was set to 2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cm so that the number is in the page margin:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-labelindent=\r
-\backslash\r
-parindent, labelsep=2cm\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-An enumeration\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-with negative indentation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Further Customization\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Lists ! Customization\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also change the style of description lists.\r
- The command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-font=definition\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-changes the description label font, the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-style=definition\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-sets the list style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-An example where the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-font=\r
-\backslash\r
-itshape, style=nextline\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-is used:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Ionizing\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-radiation: \r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-labelindent=0pt, labelsep=1cm, font=\r
-\backslash\r
-itshape, style=nextline\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Ionizing radiation consists of particles or electromagnetic waves that are\r
- energetic enough to detach electrons from atoms or molecules, therefore\r
- ionizing them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Reference\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-counting: In computer science, reference counting is a technique of storing\r
- the number of references, pointers, or handles to a resource such as an\r
- object, block of memory, disk space or other resource.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are many more commands and features provided by the LaTeX-package\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-enumitem\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! enumitem\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- For more information see its documentation \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "enumitem"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Letters\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Letters\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
-: An Overview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Although LyX has document classes for letters, we've also created two paragraph\r
- environments called \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- To use the letter class, you need to use specific paragraph environments\r
- in a specific order, otherwise LaTeX gags on the document.\r
- In contrast, you can use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- paragraph environments anywhere with no problem.\r
- You can even nest them inside other environments, though you can't nest\r
- anything in them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Of course, you're not limited to using \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- for letters only.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
-, in particular, is useful for creating article titles like those used in\r
- some European academic papers.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Usage\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Address-Usage"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- environment formats text in the style of an address, which is also used\r
- for the opening and signature in some countries.\r
- Similarly, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- environment formats text in the style of a right-justified address, which\r
- is used for the sender's address and today's date in some countries.\r
- Here's an example of each:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Right Address\r
-Right Address\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Who I am\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Where I am\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-When is it? What is today?\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-That was \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Notice that the lines all have the same left margin, which LyX sets to\r
- fit the largest block of text on a single line.\r
- Here's an example of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- environment:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Address\r
-Who are you\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Where do I send this\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Your post office and country\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As you can see, both \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- add extra space between themselves and the next paragraph.\r
- If you enter \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- in either of these environments, LyX resets the nesting depth and sets\r
- the environment to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This makes sense, since \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- is the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-break-paragraph\r
-\family default\r
- function, and the individual lines of an address are not paragraphs.\r
- Thus, you have to use \r
-\family typewriter\r
-break-line\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Ragged\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break\r
-\family default\r
-) to start a new line in an \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Academic Writing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Most academic writing begins with an abstract and ends with a bibliography\r
- or list of references.\r
- LyX contains paragraph environments for both of these.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Abstracts\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- environment is used for the abstract of an article.\r
- Technically, you could use this environment anywhere, but you really should\r
- only use it at the beginning of the document, after the title.\r
- Also, don't bother trying to nest \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- in anything else or \r
-\emph on\r
-vice versa\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- It will not work.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- environment is only useful in the article and report document classes.\r
- The book document classes ignores the \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- completely, and it's utterly silly to use \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- in a letter document class.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- environment does several things for you.\r
- First, it puts the centered label \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Abstract\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- above the text.\r
- The label and the text of the abstract are separated by some extra vertical\r
- space.\r
- Second, it typesets everything in a smaller font, just as you'd expect.\r
- Lastly, it adds a bit of extra vertical space between the abstract and\r
- the subsequent text.\r
- Well, that's how it will appear on the LyX screen.\r
- The actual appearance in the output depends on the document class you are\r
- using.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Starting a new paragraph by entering \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- does not reset the paragraph environment.\r
- The new paragraph will still be in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- So, you will have to change the paragraph environment yourself when you\r
- finish entering the abstract of your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float figure\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/Abstract.pdf\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "fig:Paragraph-in-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Paragraph in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- environment\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We would love to demonstrate the \r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\family default\r
- environment, but since this document is in the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-book\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- class, we can't do this.\r
- We inserted it therefore as figure\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Paragraph-in-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you have never heard of an \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-abstract\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- before, you can safely ignore this environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Bibliography\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Biblio_environment"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- environment is used to list references.\r
- Technically, you could use this environment anywhere, but you really should\r
- only use it at the end of the document.\r
- Nesting \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- in anything else or \r
-\emph on\r
-vice versa\r
-\emph default\r
- will not work.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you first open a \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- environment, LyX adds a large vertical space, followed by the heading \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-References,\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- depending on the document class.\r
- The heading is in a large boldface font.\r
- Each paragraph of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- environment is a bibliography entry.\r
- Thus, entering \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- does not reset the paragraph environment.\r
- Each new paragraph is still in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There is another, usually better way to include references in your document\r
- by using a BibTeX database.\r
- For more information on that, and for a detailed description of LyX's bibliogra\r
-phy handling, have a look at section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-LyX\r
-\family sans\r
--Code\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! LyX code\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:LyX-Code"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\family default\r
- environment is another LyX extension.\r
- It type-sets text in a typewriter-style font.\r
- It also treats the \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- key as a fixed whitespace;\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-In the \r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\family default\r
- environment, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- key is treated as a \r
-\family sans\r
-Protected\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Blank\r
-\family default\r
- instead of an end-of-word marker.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- this is the only case in which you can type multiple whitespaces in LyX.\r
- If you need to insert blank lines, you will still need to use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-break-line\r
-\family default\r
- function).\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- breaks paragraphs.\r
- Note, however, that \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- does not reset the paragraph environment.\r
- So, when you finish using the \r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\family default\r
- environment, you will need to change the paragraph environment yourself.\r
- Also, you can nest the \r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\family default\r
- environment inside of others.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are a few quirks with this environment:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You cannot use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- at the beginning of a new paragraph (i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-you can't follow \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- with a \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You can't follow a \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with a \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Use a \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- to begin a new paragraph, then you can use a \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Or: use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- instead.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You can't have an empty paragraph or an empty line.\r
- You must put at least one \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- in any line you want blank.\r
- Otherwise, LaTeX generates errors.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-You cannot get the typewriter double quotes by typing \r
-\family sans\r
-"\r
-\family default\r
- since that will insert \r
-\emph on\r
-real\r
-\emph default\r
- quotes.\r
- You get the typewriter double quotes with \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "self-insert \""\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is an example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
-#include <stdio.h>\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
-int main(void)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
- printf("Hello World!\r
-\backslash\r
-n");\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
- return 0;\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is just the standard \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Hello world!\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- program.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\family default\r
- has one purpose: to typeset code, such as program source, shell scripts,\r
- rc-files, and so on.\r
- Use it only in those very special cases where you need to generate text\r
- as if you used a typewriter.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph environments|)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- For longer parts of programming code, use the listings inset that is described\r
- in the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Program Code Listings\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Nesting Environments\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nesting ! Environments\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Introduction\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX treats text as a unified block with a particular context and specific\r
- properties.\r
- This allows you to create blocks that inherit some of the properties of\r
- another block.\r
- For example you have three main points in an outline, but point #2 also\r
- has two subpoints.\r
- In other words, you have a list inside of another list, with the inner\r
- list \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-attached\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to item #2:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-one\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-two\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-sublist – item #1\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-sublist – item #2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-three\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You put a list inside a list by nesting one list inside the other.\r
- Nesting an environment is quite simple: Select \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Increase\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-List\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Depth\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Decrease\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-List\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Depth\r
-\family default\r
- to change the nesting depth (the status bar will tell you how far you are\r
- nested).\r
- Instead of the menu, you can also use the toolbar buttons \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the key bindings \r
-\family sans\r
-Tab\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Shift+Tab\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The change will work on the current selection, if you have made one (allowing\r
- you to change the nesting of several paragraphs at once), or the current\r
- paragraph.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that LyX only changes the nesting depth if it can.\r
- If it is invalid to do so, nothing happens if you try to change the depth.\r
- Additionally, if you change the depth of one paragraph, it affects the\r
- depth of every paragraph nested inside of it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Nesting isn't limited to lists.\r
- In LyX, you can nest just about anything inside anything else, as you're\r
- about to find out.\r
- This is the real power of nesting paragraph environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-What You Can and Can't Nest\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Before we fire a list of paragraph environments at you, we need to tell\r
- you a little bit more about how nesting works.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The question of nesting a paragraph environment is a bit more complicated\r
- than a simple yes or no.\r
- There are three types of paragraph environments:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Completely unnestable\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Fully nestable, you can nest them inside things and you can also nest other\r
- things inside them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-A third type, you can nest them into other environments, but you can't nest\r
- anything into them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here's a list of the three types of nesting behavior, and which paragraph\r
- environments have them:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Unnestable Can't nest them.\r
- Can't nest into them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Abstract\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Title\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Author\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Date\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Fully\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Nestable You can nest them.\r
- You can nest other things into them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Nestable-Inside You can nest them inside other things.\r
- You can't nest anything into them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Part\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsection\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Paragraph\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subparagraph\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Part*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Section*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsection*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Subsubsection*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Although it is possible, for example, to nest numbered section headings\r
- like \r
-\family sans\r
-Chapter\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Section\r
-\family default\r
-, etc.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-into lists, it is highly recommended not to do this because the aim is to\r
- create well-structured documents following typesetting guidelines whereas\r
- nested section headings violate this.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Nesting Other Things: Tables, Math, Floats, etc.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nesting ! Tables etc.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are several things that aren't paragraph environments, but which are\r
- affected by nesting anyhow.\r
- They are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-equations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-tables\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-figures\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-(\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Figures and tables in \r
-\family sans\r
-Floats\r
-\family default\r
- are not affected by this.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Have a look at section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Floats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for more information about \r
-\family sans\r
-Floats\r
-\family default\r
-.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX can treat these three objects as either a word or as a paragraph.\r
- If a figure, table, or an equation is inline, it goes wherever the paragraph\r
- it is in goes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-On the other hand, if you have an equation, figure or table in a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paragraph\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of its own, it behaves just like a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-nestable-inside\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- paragraph environment.\r
- You can nest it into any environment, but you obviously can't nest anything\r
- into it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here's an example with a table:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Item One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is (a) and it's nested.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-a\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-b\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-c\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-d\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is (b).\r
- The table is actually nested inside (a).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Back out again.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If we hadn't nested the table at all, the list would look like this:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Item One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is (a) and it's nested.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-a\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-b\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-c\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-d\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is (b).\r
- The table is \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- nested inside (a).\r
- In fact, it's not nested at all.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Back out again.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Notice how item (b) is not only no longer nested, but is also the first\r
- item of a new list!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There's another trap you can fall into: Nesting the table, but not going\r
- deep enough.\r
- LyX then turns anything after the table into a new sublist.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Item One\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is (a) and it's nested.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-a\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-b\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-c\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-d\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is (b).\r
- The table is actually nested inside Item One, but \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- inside (a).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Back out again.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As you can see, item (b) turned into the first item of a new list, but a\r
- new list \r
-\emph on\r
-inside\r
-\emph default\r
- item 1.\r
- The same thing would have happened to a figure or an equation.\r
- So, if you nest tables, figures or equations, make sure you go to the right\r
- depth!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Usage and General Features\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Speaking of levels, LyX can perform up to a six-fold nesting.\r
- In other words, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-level #6\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is the innermost possible depth.\r
- Here's an example to illustrate what we mean:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-level #1 – outermost\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-level #2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-level #3\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-level #4\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-level #5\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-level #6\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are two exceptions to the six-fold nesting limit, and you can see\r
- both of them in the example.\r
- Unlike the other fully-nestable environments, you can only perform a four-fold\r
- nesting with the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environments.\r
- For example, if we tried to nest another \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- list inside item \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-A.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, we would get errors.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Some Examples\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nesting ! Examples\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The best way to explain just what you can do with nesting is by illustration.\r
- We have several examples of nested environments.\r
- In them, we explain how we created the example, so that you can reproduce\r
- them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Example 1: The Six-fold Way and Mixed Nesting\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#1-a This is the outermost level.\r
- It's a \r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#2-a This is level #2.\r
- We created it by using \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- followed by \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#3-a This is level #3.\r
- This time, we just enter \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
-, then used \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- twice in a row.\r
- We could have also created it the same way as we did the previous level,\r
- by entering \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- followed by \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is actually a \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment, nested inside of \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-#3-a\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- So, it's at level #4.\r
- We did this by entering \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, then \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, then changing the paragraph environment to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Do this to create list items with more than one paragraph — it also works\r
- for the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environments!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here's another \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- paragraph, also at level #4, made with just a \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#4-a This is level #4.\r
- We enter \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and changed the paragraph environment back to \r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Remember — we can't nest anything inside a \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- environment, which is why we're still at level #4.\r
- However, we \r
-\emph on\r
-can\r
-\emph default\r
- keep nesting things inside \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-#3-a\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#5-a This is level #5\SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#6-a \SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-and this is level #6.\r
- By now, you should know how we made these two.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#5-b Back to level #5.\r
- Just enter \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- followed by a \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#4-b After another \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- followed by a \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, we're back at level #4.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#3-b Back to level #3.\r
- By now it should be obvious how we did this.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#2-b Back to level #2.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring MMM\r
-#1-b And last, back to the outermost level, #1.\r
- After this sentence, we will enter \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
- and change the paragraph environment back to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- to end the list.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We could have also used the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
-, or even the \r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
- environment in place of the \r
-\family sans\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- The example would have worked exactly the same.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Example 2: Inheritance\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
-This is the LyX-Code environment, at level #1, the outermost\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout LyX-Code\r
-level.\r
- Now we will enter \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
-, then \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, after\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-which, we will change to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment, at level #2.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Notice how the nested \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- not only inherits its margins from its parent environment (\r
-\family sans\r
-LyX-Code\r
-\family default\r
-), but also inherits its font and spacing!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We ended this example by entering \r
-\family sans\r
-Return\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- After that, we needed to reset the paragraph environment to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
- and reset the nesting depth by using \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- once.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Example 3: Labels, Levels, and the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- Environments\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Example #3: Labels, Levels and other list environments\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is level #1, in an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- paragraph environment.\r
- We're actually going to nest a bunch of these.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is level #2.\r
- We used \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- followed by \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Now, what happens if we nest an \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment inside of this one? It will be at level #3, but what will its\r
- label be? An asterisk?\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-No! It's a bullet.\r
- This is the \r
-\emph on\r
-first\r
-\emph default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment, even though it's at level #3.\r
- So, its label is a bullet.\r
- (We got here by using \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, then \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, then changing the environment to \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
-.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Here's level #4, produced using \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, then \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- We will do that again\SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-to get to level #5.\r
- This time, however, we also changed the paragraph environment back to \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Notice the type of numbering, it is \r
-\emph on\r
-lowercase Roman\r
-\emph default\r
-, because we are in the \r
-\emph on\r
-thirdfold\r
-\emph default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment (that is, it is an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- inside an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- inside an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-What happens if we \r
-\emph on\r
-don't\r
-\emph default\r
- change the paragraph environment, but decrease the nesting depth? What\r
- type of numbering does LyX use?\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Oh, as if you couldn't guess by now, we're just using \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to keep the current environment and depth but create a new item.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Let's use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to decrease the depth after the next \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is level #4.\r
- Look what type of label LyX is using!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-This is level #3.\r
- Even though we've changed levels, LyX is still using a lowercase Roman\r
- numeral as the label.Why?\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Because, even though the nesting depth has changed, the paragraph is \r
-\emph on\r
-still\r
-\emph default\r
- a thirdfold \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- Notice, however, that LyX \r
-\emph on\r
-did\r
-\emph default\r
- reset the counter for the label.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Another \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- sequence, and we're back to level #2.\r
- This time, we not only changed the nesting depth, but we also moved back\r
- into the twofold-nested \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-The same thing happens if we do another \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- sequence and return to level #1, the outermost level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Lastly, we reset the environment to \r
-\family sans\r
-Standard\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- As you can see, the level number doesn't correspond to what type of labeling\r
- LyX uses for the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environments.\r
- The number of other \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- environments surrounding it determines what kind of label LyX uses for\r
- an \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- item.\r
- The same rule applies for the \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- environment, as well.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Example 4: Going Bonkers\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-We're going to go totally nuts now.\r
- We will not nest as deep as in the other examples, nor will we go into\r
- the same detail with how we did it.\r
- (level #1: \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-(\r
-\family sans\r
-Return, \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-, Standard\r
-\family default\r
-: level #2) We will stick an encapsulated description of how we created\r
- the example in parentheses someplace.\r
- For example, the two key bindings are how we changed the depth.\r
- The environment name is the name of the current environment.\r
- Either before or after this, we will put in the level.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-(\r
-\family sans\r
-Return, Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-: level #1) This is the next item in the list.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-Now we will add verse.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-It will get much worse.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\family sans\r
-Return, \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-, Verse\r
-\family default\r
-: level #2)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-Fiddle dee, Fiddle doo.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bippitey boppitey boo!\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-Here comes a table:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-one-fish\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-two-fish\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-red-fish\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-blue-fish\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Verse\r
-(\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-, Table, \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- 3 times, \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-, Verse, \r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-(\r
-\family sans\r
-Return, Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
-: level #1) This is another item.\r
- Note that selecting a \r
-\family sans\r
-Table\r
-\family default\r
- resets the nesting depth to level #1, so we increased the nesting depth\r
- 3 times to put the table inside the \r
-\family sans\r
-Verse\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-We're now ending the \r
-\family sans\r
-Enumerate\r
-\family default\r
- list and changing to \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- We're still at level #1.\r
- We want to show you some of the things you can do by mixing environments.\r
- The next set of paragraphs is a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-quoted letter.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- We will nest both the \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- environments inside of this one, then use another nested \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- for the letter body.\r
- We will use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph inverse"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to preserve the depth.\r
- Remember that you need to use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to create multiple lines inside the \r
-\family sans\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Address\r
-\family default\r
- environments.\r
- Here it goes:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Right Address\r
-1234 Nowhere Rd.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Moosegroin, MT 00100\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-9-6-96\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Address\r
-Dear Mr.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Fizlewitz:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-We regret to inform you that we cannot fill your order for 50\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-L of compressed methane gas due to circumstances beyond our control.\r
- Unfortunately, several of our cows have mysteriously exploded, creating\r
- a backlog in our orders for methane.\r
- We will place your name on the waiting list and try to fill your order\r
- as soon as possible.\r
- In the meantime, we thank you for your patience.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-We do, however, now have a special on beef.\r
- If you are interested, please return the enclosed pricing and order form\r
- with your order, along with payment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-We thank you again for your patience.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Address\r
-Sincerely,\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bill Hick\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-That ends that example!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As you can see, nesting environments in LyX gives you a lot of power with\r
- just a few keystrokes.\r
- We could have easily nested an \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- list inside of a \r
-\family sans\r
-Quotation\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
-, or put a \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- inside of an \r
-\family sans\r
-Itemize\r
-\family default\r
- list.\r
- You have a huge variety of options at your disposal.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Spacing, pagination and line breaks\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spacing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-What is a space? While you might be used to pressing the space key anytime\r
- you want to separate two words in ordinary word processors, LyX offers\r
- you more spaces: spaces of different widths and spaces which can or cannot\r
- be broken at the end of a line.\r
- The following sections will show you some examples where those spaces are\r
- useful.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Protected Space\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Protected-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spaces ! Protected\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The protected space: It is used to tell LyX (and LaTeX) not to break the\r
- line at that point.\r
- This may be necessary to avoid unlucky line breaks, like in: \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-Further documentation is given in section\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Obviously, it would be a good thing to put a protected space between \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-section\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A protected space is set with \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Protected\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Horizontal Space\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Horizontal-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spacing ! Horizontal\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-All horizontal spaces can be inserted with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Horizontal Space\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The length units are listed in Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Units-available-in"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Inter-word Space\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Inter-word-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spaces ! Inter-word\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the introduction of typewriters, it became conventional in some countries\r
- to type two spaces after a period to mimic the wider spaces used by typesetters\r
- at the ends of sentences.\r
- There is no need to do this as LyX automatically takes care about this.\r
- However, you do not want an end of sentence space after an abbreviation\r
- followed by a period; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Abbreviations"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for examples.\r
- To insert a normal space, select \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Interword\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "space-insert normal"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Thin Space\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Thin-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spaces ! Thin\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-thin space\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is a blank which has half the size of a normal space (and it is also \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-protected\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The typographical conventions in a lot of languages propose the use of\r
- thin spaces in cases where normal spaces would be too wide, for instance,\r
- inside abbreviations:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-D.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-E.\r
- Knuth has developed our beloved typesetting program.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-or between values and units.\r
- Compare for example this:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-10\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-kg (thin space)\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-10 kg (normal space\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can insert thin spaces with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Thin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "space-insert thin"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-More Spaces\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also insert the following space types:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Negative\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-thin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-space A line with a \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \negthinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\gets$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- negative thin space between the arrows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Enspace\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(0.5\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em) A line with an \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \enskip{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\gets$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- enspace\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(0.5\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em) space between the arrows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Quad\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(1\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em) A line with a \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \quad{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\gets$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Quad\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(1\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em) space between the arrows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-QQuad\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em) A line with a \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \qquad{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\gets$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- QQuad\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em) space between the arrows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Custom\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-space A line with\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hspace{}\r
-\length 2cm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\gets$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- 2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cm space between the arrows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "tab:Width-of-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- lists the different space sizes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float table\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Caption\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "tab:Width-of-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Width of the different horizontal spaces.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Space\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Width\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Normal\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-1/3\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Protected\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-1/3\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Thin\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-1/6\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Negative thin\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
--1/6\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Enspace (0.5\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-0.5\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Quad (1\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-1\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-QQuad (2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-em\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Horizontal Fills\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spacing ! Fills\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Horizontal fills (HFills) are a special LyX feature for adding extra space\r
- in a uniform fashion.\r
- An HFill is actually a variable length space, whose length always equals\r
- the remaining space between the left and right margins.\r
- If there is more than one HFill on a line, they divide the available space\r
- equally between themselves.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here are a few examples of what you can do with them:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-\noindent\r
-This is on the left side\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-This is on the right\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-\noindent\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Middle\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Right\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quote\r
-\noindent\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1/3 Left\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Right\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-That was an example in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote\r
-\family default\r
- environment.\r
- Here\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\gets$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-is one in a standard paragraph.\r
- It may or may not be apparent in the printed text, but it \r
-\emph on\r
-is\r
-\emph default\r
- sitting in-between the two arrows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-HFills can be made visible when you choose one of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Fill\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Pattern\r
-\family default\r
-s in the space dialog: The following patterns are available:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Dots: \r
-\begin_inset space \dotfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Rule: \r
-\begin_inset space \hrulefill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Left arrow: \r
-\begin_inset space \leftarrowfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Right arrow: \r
-\begin_inset space \rightarrowfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Up brace: \r
-\begin_inset space \downbracefill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Down brace: \r
-\begin_inset space \upbracefill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- If an HFill is at the beginning of a line, and \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- in the first line in a paragraph, LyX ignores it.\r
- This prevents HFills from accidentally being wrapped onto a new line.\r
- If you need space in this case anyway, set the \r
-\family sans\r
-Protect\r
-\family default\r
- option in the space dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Phantom Space\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Phantom-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spacing ! Phantom\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sometimes you want to insert space with exactly the length of a phrase.\r
- For example, you want to create the following multiple choice question:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-What is correct English?:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Mr.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Edge would have been jumps the gun.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Mr.\r
- Edge \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-has to be jumped\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Mr.\r
- Edge \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-jumps\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-so that the choices appear exactly after the phrase \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Mr.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Edge\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- To get this, you can use the phantom insets available via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Phantom\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- In our case insert a horizontal phantom at the beginning of the last two\r
- lines and insert \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Mr.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Edge\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- into the phantom inset (note the space after \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Edge\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- A phantom insets prints only the space of its content (like a placeholder).\r
- That is why it is named \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-phantom\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The normal phantom outputs the width and height of the content as space,\r
- while the horizontal and vertical variant only outputs the corresponding\r
- dimension.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Vertical Space\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Vertical-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spacing ! Vertical\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To add extra vertical space above or below a paragraph, use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Vertical\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
- There you find the following sizes:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-SmallSkip\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-MedSkip\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-BigSkip\r
-\family default\r
- are LaTeX sizes which depend on the font size of the document.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-DefSkip\r
-\family default\r
- is the skip adjusted in the dialog \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for the paragraph separation.\r
- If you use indentation to separate paragraphs \r
-\family sans\r
-DefSkip\r
-\family default\r
- is equal to \r
-\family sans\r
-MedSkip\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-VFill\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spacing ! Fills\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is a variable space, set so that the space is maximal within one page.\r
- An example: you have only two short paragraphs on one page with a \r
-\family sans\r
-Vfill\r
-\family default\r
- between them.\r
- Then the first paragraph is placed at the top of the page and the second\r
- one at the bottom, because the space between them is then maximal.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-VFill\r
-\family default\r
-s work like \r
-\family sans\r
-HFill\r
-\family default\r
-s: they fill the remaining vertical space on a page with blank space.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-HFill\r
-\family default\r
-s are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- If there are several \r
-\family sans\r
-VFill\r
-\family default\r
-s on a page, they divide the remaining vertical space equally between themselves.\r
- You can therefore use \r
-\family sans\r
-VFill\r
-\family default\r
-s to center text on a page, or even place text 2/3 down a page.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Custom\r
-\family default\r
- are custom spaces in units explained in Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Units-available-in"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- \r
-\series medium\r
-If the extra vertical space would be in the output at the top/bottom of\r
- a page, the space is only added if you have also checked the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Protect\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Paragraph Alignment\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Alignment\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can change the paragraph alignment with the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- There are five possibilities: \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Justified\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paragraph-params \\align block"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Left\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paragraph-params \\align left"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Right\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paragraph-params \\align right"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Center\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paragraph-params \\align center"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paragraph-params \\align default"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The default in most cases is justified alignment, in which the inter-word\r
- spacing is variable and each line of a paragraph fills the region between\r
- the left and right margins.\r
- The other three alignments should be self-explanatory, and look like this:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align right\r
-This paragraph is right aligned,\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-this one is centered,\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align left\r
-this one is left aligned.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Forced Page Breaks\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Page breaks ! Forced\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Forced-Page-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you don't like the way LaTeX does the page breaks in your document, you\r
- can force a page break where you want one.\r
- Normally this will not be necessary, because LaTeX is good at page breaking.\r
- Only if you use a lot of \r
-\family sans\r
-Floats\r
-\family default\r
-, LaTeX's page breaking algorithm can fail.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We recommend you not to use forced page breaks until the text is finished\r
- and you have checked in the preview to see if you \r
-\emph on\r
-really\r
-\emph default\r
- have to change the page breaking.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are two types of page breaks: One that ends the page without any special\r
- action.\r
- This can be inserted above or below a paragraph via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-New\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The second type, that is inserted via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break\r
-\family default\r
-, ends a page but stretches the content of the page, so that it fills out\r
- the complete page.\r
- This type is useful to avoid whitespace when a page break produces a page\r
- on which only the last few lines are absent.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You might try to use a page break to ensure that a figure or table appears\r
- at the top of a page.\r
- This is, of course, the wrong way to do it.\r
- LyX gives you a way of automatically ensuring that your figures and tables\r
- appear at the top of a page (or the bottom, or on their own page) without\r
- having to worry about what precedes or follows your figure or table.\r
- See chapter \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Floats-and-Notes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to learn more about \r
-\family sans\r
-Floats\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Clear Page Breaks\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Clear-Page-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Page breaks ! Clear\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Rather than forced page breaks where the content behind the break is placed\r
- directly on the next page, you can also clear pages while breaking them.\r
- That means that the current paragraph is terminated and everything, including\r
- unprocessed floats, from the earlier part of the document are placed after\r
- it, if necessary by adding pages.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can insert a clear page break with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Clear\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- When you have a two-sided document like a book, you can use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Clear\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Double\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page\r
-\family default\r
- to insert a clear page break that assures that the next page is a right-hand\r
- page (odd-numbered), if necessary by adding a page.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Forced Line Breaks\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Line breaks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Forced-Line-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Similar to page breaks there are two types of line breaks: one simply breaks\r
- the line.\r
- You can force this line break within a paragraph by selecting \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Ragged\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break\r
-\family default\r
- or with \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Another type that is inserted via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Justified\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break\r
-\family default\r
- or with \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert linebreak"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- breaks the line and stretches it so that it fills out the whole space between\r
- the page margins.\r
- This is useful to avoid \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-fringes\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in justified paragraphs due to possible whitespace introduced by line breaks.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You shouldn't use forced line breaks to correct LaTeX's line breaking, as\r
- LaTeX is very good at line breaking.\r
- There are, however, a number of situations where it is necessaryactively\r
- to set a line break, for example, in a poem or for an address (see sections\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Quote"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Verse"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Address-Usage"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Horizontal Lines\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Horizontal-Lines"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Horizontal lines\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset line\r
-LatexCommand rule\r
-offset "0.5ex"\r
-width "100line%"\r
-height "1pt"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-In the dialog \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Horizontal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line\r
-\family default\r
- you can insert horizontal lines.\r
- The line offset is the vertical distance between the line and the baseline\r
- of the current text line or the paragraph.\r
- The line settings can be changed by left-clicking on the line.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset line\r
-LatexCommand rule\r
-offset "0.5ex"\r
-width "100line%"\r
-height "1pt"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Characters and Symbols\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can directly enter all characters that are available on your keyboard.\r
- You can also use special keyboard maps to be able to enter, for example,\r
- characters needed for French with an English keyboard.\r
- See section\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Keyboard-mapping"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for information on how this is done.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For the case where you need a character that is not on your keyboard, you\r
- can use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Symbols\r
-\family default\r
- dialog via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Special Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Symbols\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Maybe not all symbols inserted with the symbols dialog can be displayed\r
- when you are using a special screen font in LyX's preferences.\r
- But the inserted symbols will in every case be displayed in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Fonts and Text Styles\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Fonts-and-Text"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Font Types\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Font ! Types\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are two types of fonts:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Vector\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-fonts\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Fonts ! Vector-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- are built from outlines of the single glyphs (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
- characters) in the font.\r
- This means that each glyph is defined using mathematical curves that are\r
- well suited for scaling to any requested size.\r
- This mathematical definition is interpreted by the font renderer and the\r
- curve is filled out with pixels according to the size and glyph.\r
- This means that vector fonts will look pretty good in all sizes.\r
- Only at very small sizes where each pixel has to be very carefully computed\r
- to provide a good image might it be hard to provide a good rendering.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-That could mean that one only needs to define one font size and scale them.\r
- But to achieve a better quality, many fonts define several font sizes.\r
- That improves the appearance because you need more details at large font\r
- sizes than at small ones.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The font types \r
-\family typewriter\r
-TrueType\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-OpenType\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Type\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1\r
-\family default\r
- are vector fonts.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Bitmap\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-fonts\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Fonts ! Bitmap-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- on the other hand, are defined by bitmap graphics from the start; so they\r
- will look good at all the sizes they are meant for.\r
- However, they don't scale well, because in order to scale a glyph, each\r
- pixel is enlarged into several pixels.\r
- It is the same effect that happens if you try to enlarge a picture in an\r
- image manipulation program.\r
- In order to mitigate this effect, bitmap fonts are typically provided in\r
- several fixed sizes typically from around 8\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pixels high up to 34\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pixels or so high in steps according to what is believed to be useful.\r
- The advantage of bitmap fonts is that no complicated computations are necessary\r
- to display each glyph; so bitmap fonts display therefore more quickly than\r
- scalable fonts.\r
- The disadvantage is that sizes that don't exist as fixed versions have\r
- to be scaled by doubling pixels, and thus look bad.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bitmap fonts are named \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Type\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-3\r
-\family default\r
- in PostScript- and PDF-documents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The result of all this is that bitmap fonts are best for the size they are\r
- designed for, while scalable fonts are good for nearly all sizes.\r
- So one needs fewer font size definitions for scalable fonts.\r
- That's the reason why nearly all text rendering and typesetting programs\r
- use scalable fonts.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To see which fonts are used in a PDF-document, look at its document properties.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Many modern typesetting and markup languages have begun to move towards\r
- specifying character styles rather than specifying a particular font.\r
- For example, instead of changing to an italicized version of the current\r
- font to emphasize text, you use an \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-emphasized style\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- instead.\r
- This concept fits in perfectly with LyX.\r
- In LyX, you do things based on contexts, rather than focusing on typesetting\r
- details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-LaTeX font support\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:LaTeX-font-support"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Traditionally, LaTeX used its own fonts.\r
- That is to say, you cannot directly access the fonts installed on your\r
- operating system, but you have to use specific fonts provided by your LaTeX\r
- distribution.\r
- The reason is that LaTeX needs some extra information about the fonts,\r
- which have to be provided by additional files and packages.\r
- The downside of this is that your font choice is somewhat limited compared\r
- to a word processor.\r
- On the other hand this comes with the advantage that the provided fonts\r
- are generally of very good quality, and that LaTeX files are very portable\r
- across different machines.\r
- Also, the range of fonts supported by traditional LaTeX has increased a\r
- lot in the meantime; so you can find packages for many free and commercial\r
- fonts.\r
- In LyX, only a subset of these are directly selectable via the user interface\r
- (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Document-Font"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for details).\r
- However, all the others are available if you enter the relevant LaTeX code\r
- in the document preamble (please refer to the documentation of your desired\r
- font).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Recent developments brought some new LaTeX engines that are also able directly\r
- to access fonts that are installed for your operating system, namely XeTeX\r
- and LuaTeX.\r
- Both engines are supported by LyX.\r
- By using them, you can theoretically use any OpenType or TrueType font\r
- that is installed on your system.\r
- The next section describes how to use these fonts.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- In practice, some fonts might fail due to bad metrics and other font deficienci\r
-es; so you might have to experiment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- XeTeX and especially LuaTeX, are still rather new and thus not as mature\r
- as traditional LaTeX or PDFTeX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Document Font and Font size\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Document-Font"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Font ! Size\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Font\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can set the document fonts in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog.\r
- In the \r
-\family sans\r
-Fonts\r
-\family default\r
- section of the dialog, you can specify which font should be used for the\r
- three different font shapes — roman (serif), \r
-\family sans\r
-sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- (monospaced) — and you can specify the base font size and scaling factors\r
- for (some) sans serif and typewriter fonts if this is necessary to fit\r
- with the roman font.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you select \r
-\family sans\r
-Use non-T\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX fonts\r
-\family default\r
-, you will have access to the fonts installed on your operating system.\r
- This requires that you use \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF (XeT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX)\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF (LuaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX)\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-DVI (LuaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX)\r
-\family default\r
- as the output format, i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-you will have to have either XeTeX or LuaTeX installed (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- You will then not have access to TeX's own fonts.\r
- Note that LyX then lists all available fonts in each of the three lists\r
- (roman, sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif, and typewriter), since LyX cannot determine the family.\r
- Also note that the output might fail with some of the listed fonts, due\r
- to the encoding of the fonts and\SpecialChar \slash{}\r
-or font failures.\r
- LyX cannot determine this in advance, so you might need to experiment.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you use TeX fonts (which is the default), the possible options for the\r
- font include \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- and a list of fonts available with your LaTeX distribution.\r
- If you select \r
-\family sans\r
-Default,\r
-\family default\r
- the font that is preset by the current document class is used.\r
- In most cases, this will be the standard TeX font, known as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-Computer\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (\r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
-) or \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-European Computer Modern\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (\r
-\family typewriter\r
-ec\r
-\family default\r
-), but some classes preset different default fonts.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-ec\r
-\family default\r
- are bitmap fonts, they often look pixelated in PDF output, especially when\r
- you read the PDF in a zoomed size.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This problem doesn't appear if you read PDFs in \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Adobe\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Reader\r
-\family default\r
- version 6 or later, because this program includes a special bitmap font\r
- renderer.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- To get rid of pixelated fonts, you have to use a vector font.\r
- Depending on how your document should look, you can either:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-select the \r
-\family sans\r
-Latin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
- fonts, which is the recommended choice if you want to keep the look of\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
-/\r
-\family typewriter\r
-ec\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Latin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
- was developed for the LaTeX community in order to replace \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
- as the default font.\r
- It covers a huge range of glyphs and several font shapes.\r
- Except for some details, where the appearance was improved, \r
-\family sans\r
-Latin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
- looks identical to \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-One difference is improved kerning.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-or select the \r
-\family sans\r
-AE\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(Almost\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European)\r
-\family default\r
- fonts in (the rare) case that \r
-\family sans\r
-Latin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
- is not available to you or does not work, and you still want to emulate\r
- the look of \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
-/\r
-\family typewriter\r
-ec\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-AE\r
-\family default\r
- is a virtual font.\r
- Virtual means that it \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-steals\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- outline \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
--glyphs from other fonts.\r
- This has the disadvantage that some characters are missing, like the French\r
- guillemets (\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-«\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-»\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Loading the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-aeguill\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! aeguill\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with the document preamble line\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-usepackage[ec]{aeguill}\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series default\r
-will fix the guillemet problem.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and that accented characters are not \r
-\emph on\r
-one\r
-\emph default\r
- glyph, but built of \r
-\emph on\r
-two\r
-\emph default\r
- characters, the accent and the letter.\r
- Therefore you cannot search for words with accented characters in documents\r
- using the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-AE\r
-\family default\r
- fonts.\r
- If you search for example for the French word \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-rève\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in a PDF, you will not get any result, because the PDF-viewer searches\r
- for the glyph \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- è \r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and not for the glyph \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- e +\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- ̀ \r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-If you do not like the look of \r
-\family typewriter\r
-cm\r
-\family default\r
-/\r
-\family typewriter\r
-ec\r
-\family default\r
-, you can of course select one of the other vector fonts provided, e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-Times\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Roman\r
-\family default\r
- or\r
-\family typewriter\r
- Palatino\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Most roman vector fonts will automatically select matching sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif and typewriter fonts,\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-These are sometimes just matching other fonts (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g., \r
-\family sans\r
-Times\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Roman\r
-\family default\r
- selects \r
-\family sans\r
-Helvetica\r
-\family default\r
- for sans serif text), or different shapes of the same font, i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-a real font \r
-\emph on\r
-family\r
-\emph default\r
- (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in case of \r
-\family sans\r
-Latin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
- oder \r
-\family sans\r
-Computer\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Modern\r
-\family default\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- but you can also select your own.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The differences between roman, \r
-\family sans\r
-sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- fonts are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The font \r
-\family sans\r
-Times\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Roman\r
-\family default\r
- was originally designed for newspapers.\r
- Its glyphs are thus smaller than glyphs from other fonts in order to fit\r
- into the small newspaper columns.\r
- Therefore \r
-\family sans\r
-Times\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Roman\r
-\family default\r
- is not the optimal choice for larger documents like books.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For the font size there are generally four possible values: \r
-\family sans\r
-Default, 10\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-11\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-12\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Some classes provide additional sizes.\r
- The size of \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- depends on the class you are using.\r
- In the standard classes it is equal to the font size 10.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that the font size is the \r
-\emph on\r
-base size\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- That means that LyX scales all other possible font sizes (such as those\r
- used in footnotes, super-, and subscripts) by this value.\r
- You can fine-tune the font size of text parts via the \r
-\family sans\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\r
-\family default\r
- dialog if needed.\r
- The possible font sizes for text parts are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Family\r
-\family default\r
- selection lets you specify whether the base font of your document should\r
- be roman, sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif or typewriter.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- selection uses what is preset by the class, the other selections override\r
- this.\r
- In most cases, \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- is equal to \r
-\family sans\r
-roman\r
-\family default\r
-, but some classes (such as presentation classes) use other defaults.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The\r
-\family typewriter\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-LaTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X font encoding\r
-\family default\r
- selection is an expert setting which lets you change the value passed to\r
- the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-fontenc\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! fontenc\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (see also sec.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-settings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- Normally, you do not need to change (or even understand) this.\r
- Unless you have specific reasons, use \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With some fonts, the checkboxes \r
-\family sans\r
-Use Old Style Figures\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Use True Small Caps\r
-\family default\r
- are available.\r
- These are extra features some fonts provide.\r
- If \r
-\family sans\r
-Use Old Style Figures\r
-\family default\r
- is checked, old style figures (also known as medieval or text figures)\r
- are used.\r
- Old style figures are the numerals (0\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
---\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-9) with ascenders and descenders, which makes them fit nicely with lowercase\r
- letters.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Use True Small Caps\r
-\family default\r
- determines that real small caps are used instead of faked small caps made\r
- of scaled capitals.\r
- Real small caps are often part of expert font sets; they generally look\r
- better than faked small caps but might have to be purchased separately.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The field \r
-\family sans\r
-CJK\r
-\family default\r
- allows users of the languages Chinese, Japanese, Korean (CJK) to specify\r
- a font to display the script characters.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The font will be the argument for the commands of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-CJK\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! CJK\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- So this has no effect for the document language \r
-\family sans\r
-Japanese\r
-\family default\r
- that does not use \r
-\series bold\r
-CJK\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- When you choose a new font or font size, LyX does \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- change the screen font! You will only see a difference in the printed output;\r
- this is part of the WYSIWYM concept.\r
- LyX's screen fonts can be adjusted in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\r
-\family default\r
- dialog, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Screen-Fonts"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Using Different Character Styles\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Character Styles\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Text Style\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As we've already seen, LyX automatically changes the character style for\r
- certain paragraph environments.\r
- LyX supports two character styles, \r
-\family sans\r
-Emphasized\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Noun\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- You can activate both of these styles via keybindings, the menus, and the\r
- toolbar.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To activate the \r
-\family sans\r
-Noun\r
-\family default\r
- style, do one of the following:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-click on the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "font-noun"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-use the key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-noun"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These commands are all toggles.\r
- That is, if \r
-\family sans\r
-Noun\r
-\family default\r
- style is already active, they deactivate it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-One typically uses the \r
-\family sans\r
-Noun\r
-\family default\r
- style for proper names.\r
- For example: \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\noun on\r
-Matthias Ettrich\r
-\noun default\r
- is the original author of LyX.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A more widely used character style is the \r
-\family sans\r
-Emphasized\r
-\family default\r
- style.\r
- You can activate (or deactivate — it's also a toggle) the \r
-\family sans\r
-Emphasized\r
-\family default\r
- style by:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-clicking on the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "font-emph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-using the keybindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-emph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Normally the \r
-\family sans\r
-Emphasized\r
-\family default\r
- style is equivalent to an italic font but some document classes or LaTeX-packag\r
-es use a different font.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We've been using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Emphasized\r
-\family default\r
- style all over the place in this document.\r
- Here's one more example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Quotation\r
-\r
-\emph on\r
-Do not overuse character styles!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-It's also a warning in addition to an example.\r
- One's writing should parallel ordinary conversation.\r
- Since we don't all constantly scream at each other, we should also avoid\r
- the common tendency to overuse character styles.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can always reset to the default font using the key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-default"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the dialog \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show character"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Fine-Tuning with the \r
-\family sans\r
-Text Style\r
-\family default\r
- dialog\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Text Style\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are always occasions when you will need to do some fine-tuning; so\r
- LyX gives you a way to create a custom character style.\r
- For example, an academic journal or a corporation may have a style sheet\r
- requiring a sans-serif font be used in certain situations.\r
- Also, writers sometimes use a different font to offset a character's thoughts\r
- from ordinary dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Before we document how to use custom character style, we want to issue a\r
- warning yet again: Don't overuse character styles! \r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Documents that overuse different fonts and sizes are not easy to read and\r
- tend to look as if someone has knocked huge holes in them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To use custom character styles, open the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\family default\r
- dialog or press the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show character"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- There are several boxes in this dialog, each corresponding to a different\r
- font property that you can choose.\r
- You can choose an option for one of these properties, or select \r
-\family sans\r
-No\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-change\r
-\family default\r
-, which keeps the current state of that property.\r
- The item \r
-\family sans\r
-Reset\r
-\family default\r
- will reset the property to whatever is the default.\r
- You can use this to reset attributes across a bunch of different paragraph\r
- environments all at once.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The font properties, and their options (in addition to \r
-\family sans\r
-No\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-change\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Reset\r
-\family default\r
-) are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Family\r
-\family default\r
- The \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-overall look\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the font.\r
- The possible options are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Roman\r
-\family default\r
- This is the Roman font family.\r
- Normally a serif font.\r
- It's also the default family.\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-roman"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Serif\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-This is the Sans Serif font family.\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-sans"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-This is the Typewriter font family.\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-typewriter"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Series\r
-\family default\r
- This corresponds to the print weight.\r
- Options are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Medium\r
-\family default\r
- This is the Medium font series.\r
- It's also the default series.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Bold\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-This is the Bold font series.\r
-\r
-\series default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-bold"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Shape\r
-\family default\r
- As the name implies.\r
- Options are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Upright\r
-\family default\r
- This is the Upright font shape.\r
- It's also the default shape.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Italic\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\shape italic\r
-This\r
-\shape default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-\shape italic\r
-i\r
-\family default\r
-s the Italic font shape\r
-\shape default\r
-\emph on\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Slanted\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\shape slanted\r
-This is the Slanted font shape\r
-\shape default\r
- (although it might not be visible in LyX, this is different from italic).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Small\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Caps\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\shape smallcaps\r
-This is the Small caps font shape\r
-\shape default\r
-\noun on\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Color\r
-\family default\r
- Alters the text color.\r
- Note that not all DVI-viewers are able to display colors.\r
- Besides \r
-\family sans\r
-No\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-color\r
-\family default\r
-, which means that the document default color set in \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Color\r
-\family default\r
- for \r
-\family sans\r
-Main\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\family default\r
- is used, you can choose between \r
-\family sans\r
-Black\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-White\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Red\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Green\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Blue\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Cyan\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Magenta\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Yellow\r
-\family default\r
- text.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Color ! Text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Language\r
-\family default\r
- This is used to mark regions of text as having a different language from\r
- the language of the document.\r
- Text marked in this way will be underlined in blue to indicate the change\r
- (only within LyX).\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-If you have for example, an extract of German text in a non-German document,\r
- LaTeX respects the German hyphenation rules automatically.\r
- When using the spell checking (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Spellchecking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) the German-marked text will be checked according to the German dictionary.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Size\r
-\family default\r
- Alters the size of the font.\r
- You will find no numerical values here; all possible sizes are actually\r
- proportional to the document font size.\r
- Once again, you don't feed LyX the details, but a general description of\r
- what you want to do.\r
- The options are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Tiny\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size tiny\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tiny\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size tiny"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Smallest\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size scriptsize\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Smallest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size\r
-\size default\r
-.\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-size scriptsize"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Smaller\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size footnotesize\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Smaller\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size footnotesize"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Small\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size small\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Small\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size small"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Normal\r
-\family default\r
- This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Normal\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
- It's also the default size.\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size normal"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Large\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size large\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Large\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size large"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Larger\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size larger\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Larger\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size larger"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Largest\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size largest\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Largest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-size largest"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Huge\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size huge\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Huge\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size huge"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Huger\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\size giant\r
-This is the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Huger\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font size.\r
-\r
-\size default\r
- (key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-size giant"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Increase\r
-\family default\r
- This increases the size by one step (for instance, from \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Largest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Huge\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-size increase"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Decrease\r
-\family default\r
- This decreases the size by one step (for instance, from \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Normal\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Small\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-size decrease"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We warn you \r
-\emph on\r
-yet again\r
-\emph default\r
-: don't go crazy with this feature.\r
- You should almost never need to change the font size.\r
- LyX automatically changes the font size for different paragraph environments\r
- — use those instead.\r
- This is here for fine-tuning only!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Misc\r
-\family default\r
- Here you can change a few other things at the character level.\r
- Options are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Emph\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-This is text with emphasize on\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- This might seem like the same as \r
-\shape italic\r
-Italic\r
-\shape default\r
-, but it is actually a bit different.\r
- Emphasized is a \r
-\emph on\r
-logical\r
-\emph default\r
- attribute.\r
- That means every document class can define its own font used for emphasized\r
- text.\r
- Normally this font is equal to italic.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Underbar\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\bar under\r
-This is text with Underbar on.\r
-\r
-\bar default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "font-underline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-Avoid using underbar if you can! It is a hangover from the typewriter days,\r
- when you could not change fonts.\r
- One no longer needs to emphasize text by underscoring characters.\r
- This is only possible in LyX because some people \r
-\emph on\r
-may\r
-\emph default\r
- need it in order to follow style sheets for journal submissions.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Double\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-underbar\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\uuline on\r
-This is text with Double underbar on.\r
-\r
-\uuline default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-underunderline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-As we just warned you against using underbar, you can imagine what we think\r
- about double underbar.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Wavy\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-underbar\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\uwave on\r
-This is text with Wavy underbar on.\r
-\r
-\uwave default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-underwave"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Use this only if a journal absolutely insists on it.\r
- Keep antinausea pills handy.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Strikeout\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\strikeout on\r
-This is text with Strikeout on.\r
-\r
-\strikeout default\r
- (key binding \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-strikeout"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-This is frequently used to indicate an older version of text that has been\r
- changed in the meantime.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Noun\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\noun on\r
-This is text with Noun on.\r
-\r
-\noun default\r
- Like \r
-\family sans\r
-Emph\r
-\family default\r
-, this is a logical attribute.\r
- Normally it's equivalent to \r
-\family sans\r
-Small\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Caps\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_deeper\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-So you have a huge number of combinations to choose from.\r
- Once you have chosen a new character style via the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show character"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) dialog, the settings are saved.\r
- You can activate them by using the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "textstyle-apply"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The button lets you apply your custom character style even when the dialog\r
- isn't visible.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To completely reset the character style to the default, use \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-default"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you want to toggle only those properties that you have just changed\r
- (suppose you just set the shape to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-slanted\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and the series to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-bold\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-), set the \r
-\family sans\r
-Toggle\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-all\r
-\family default\r
- switch and press \r
-\family sans\r
-Apply\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You should also know something about the differences between the three main\r
- font types \r
-\family sans\r
-serif\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family sans\r
-typewriter\r
-\family default\r
-:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- is a so called \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-monospaced\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- font, which means every character has the same width; the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-i\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is as wide as the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-m\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Here is an example\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-no \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-typewriter text\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-For more on phantoms see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Phantom-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-no typewriter text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Serif\r
-\family default\r
- fonts use characters with serifs.\r
- These are the small \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-appendices\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- at the ends of the strokes that form the character.\r
- The following example shows the difference:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text with serifs\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-text without serifs\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Serifs facilitate quick and easy reading.\r
- These fonts are therefore used as default (named \r
-\family sans\r
-roman\r
-\family default\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Sans serif\r
-\family default\r
- is not recommended for use as a base type.\r
- This font type is therefore often only used for headings and short texts.\r
- We use it in this document to highlight menu names.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Toggling\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- refers to applying or removing font properties.\r
- When a property is marked for toggling in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\r
-\family default\r
- dialog, applying the style to text that already has the property will cause\r
- the property to be removed.\r
- If you, for example, apply a style with properties A, B and C to text that\r
- currently has font properties B, C, F and G, and if B is set to toggle\r
- and C is set not to toggle, the text ends up with properties A, C, F and\r
- G.\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Never toggled\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-always toggled\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- mean that you do not control the toggling behavior.\r
- For the properties on the left side of the dialog (\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Family\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- etc.), toggling behavior is up to you.\r
- If \r
-\family sans\r
-Toggle\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-all\r
-\family default\r
- is checked, all of the left side properties are toggled; by default, none\r
- of them are.\r
- Finally, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Reset\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is never toggled.\r
- If you, for example, set \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Series\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Reset\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and select \r
-\family sans\r
-Toggle\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-all\r
-\family default\r
-, then apply the style to bold face text, the text will revert to the default\r
- series (\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Medium\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-), no matter how many times you apply the style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We conclude with the same warning once again: Do not overuse the fonts!\r
- They are, more often than not, a kludge and a bad substitute for good writing.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Printing and Previewing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Overview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Now that we have covered some of the basic features of document preparation\r
- using LyX, you probably want to know how to print out your masterpiece.\r
- Before we tell you that, we want to give you a quick explanation of what\r
- goes on behind-the-scenes.\r
- We cover this information in much greater detail in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual as well.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX uses the program LaTeX as its backend.\r
- LaTeX is just a macro package for the TeX typesetting system, but to prevent\r
- confusion, we will only refer to LaTeX.\r
- LyX is what you use to do your actual writing.\r
- Then, LyX calls LaTeX to turn your writing into printable output.\r
- This happens in two stages:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-First, LyX converts your document to a series of text commands for LaTeX,\r
- generating a file with the extension, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.tex\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Next, LyX calls LaTeX to use the commands in the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-.tex\r
-\family default\r
- file to produce printable output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Output file formats\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Output-file-formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Simple text (ASCII)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats ! ASCII\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This file type has the extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.txt\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- It contains your document as plain text following the rules of the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-American Standard Code for Information Interchange\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (ASCII).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export your document to ASCII with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- However, this will not export any externally generated material such as\r
- a BibTeX bibliography (section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Bibliography-databases"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- If your document includes such material, use \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-More\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formats\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Options\r
-\family default\r
- and then select \r
-\family sans\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ps2ascii)\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This will first internally export your document to PostScript (generating\r
- thereby the external material) and then do the conversion to ASCII.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-LaTeX\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats ! LaTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This file type has the extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.tex\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and contains all commands that are necessary for the LaTeX program to process\r
- your document.\r
- If you know LaTeX, you can use it to find out LaTeX-Errors or to process\r
- it manually with console commands.\r
- The LaTeX-file is automatically created in LyX's temporary directory whenever\r
- you view or export your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export your document as a LaTeX-file using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The different LaTeX export variants are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Export"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-DVI\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats ! DVI\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This file type has the extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.dvi\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- It is called \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-device-independent\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (DVI), because it is completely portable; you can move them from one machine\r
- to another without needing to do any sort of conversion.\r
- DVIs are used for quick previews and as a pre-stage for other output formats,\r
- like PostScript.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-DVI files do not contain images, they only link to them.\r
- So don't forget to deliver the images together with your DVIs.\r
- Because the DVI-viewer has to convert the images in the background to make\r
- them visible when you scroll the DVI, this can slow down your computer\r
- when you view the DVI.\r
- So we recommend using PDF for files with many images.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export your document to DVI by the menus \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-DVI\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-DVI\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X).\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- The latter option uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
- is an engine that provides direct Unicode support and support for direct\r
- font access (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- LuaTeX is still a work in progress, but it might develop into the next\r
- standard TeX processor.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-PostScript\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats ! PostScript\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This file type has the extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.ps\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- PostScript was developed by the company \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Adobe\r
-\family default\r
- as a printer language.\r
- The file therefore contains commands that the printer uses to print the\r
- file.\r
- PostScript can be seen as a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-programming language\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-; you can calculate with it and draw diagrams and images.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-If you are interested in learning more about this, have a look at the LaTeX-pack\r
-age \r
-\series bold\r
-pstricks\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! pstricks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- As a result of this, the files are often bigger than PDFs.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-PostScript can only contain images in the format \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Encapsulated PostScript\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (EPS, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.eps\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- As LyX allows you to use any known image format in your document, it has\r
- to convert them in the background to EPS.\r
- If, for example, you have 50\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-images in your document, LyX has to do 50\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-conversions when you view or export your document the first time.\r
- This might slow down your workflow with LyX.\r
- So if you plan to use PostScript, you can insert your images directly as\r
- EPS to avoid this problem.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export to PostScript using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-PostScript\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats ! PDF\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-PDF\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This file type has the extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.pdf\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Portable Document Format\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (PDF) developed by \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Adobe\r
-\family default\r
- was derived from PostScript.\r
- It is more compressed and it uses fewer commands than PostScript.\r
- As the name \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-portable\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- implies, it can be processed on any computer system and the printed output\r
- looks exactly the same.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-PDF can contain images in its own PDF format and in the formats \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Joint Photographic Experts Group\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (JPG, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.jpg\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.jpeg\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Portable Network Graphics\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (PNG, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.png\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- You can also use any other image format, because LyX converts them in the\r
- background to one of these formats.\r
- But as described in the section about PostScript, the image conversion\r
- will slow down your workflow.\r
- So we recommend using images in one of the three formats mentioned above.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export your document to PDF via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\r
-\family default\r
- in different ways:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pdflatex) This uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pdftex\r
-\family default\r
- which converts your file directly to PDF.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X) This uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
- which converts your file directly to PDF.\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
- is a new engine, derived from \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pdflatex\r
-\family default\r
-, that also provides direct Unicode support and support for direct font\r
- access (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- LuaTeX is still a work in progress, but it might develop into the next\r
- standard TeX processor.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(XeTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X) This uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-XeTeX\r
-\family default\r
- that converts your file directly to PDF.\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-XeTeX\r
-\family default\r
- is a new engine that provides direct Unicode support and support for direct\r
- font access (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- It is particularly good at typesetting different scripts, for example,\r
- vertically written Japanese.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(dvipdfm) This uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvipdfm\r
-\family default\r
- that converts your file in the background to DVI and in a second step to\r
- PDF.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ps2pdf) This uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-ps2pdf\r
-\family default\r
- that creates a PDF from a PostScript-version of your file.\r
- The PostScript-version is produced by the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
- which uses a DVI-version as intermediate step.\r
- So this export variant consists of three conversions.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We recommend using \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pdflatex)\r
-\family default\r
- because \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pdftex\r
-\family default\r
- supports all the features of actual PDF-versions, is quick, stable, and\r
- works without problems.\r
- If you rely on multiscript support and\SpecialChar \slash{}\r
-or specific OpenType fonts, you might\r
- want to try out \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(XeTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X)\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X)\r
-\family default\r
- instead, bearing in mind that these two programs are not yet as mature\r
- as \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pdflatex\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-XHTML\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-FileFormats ! XHTML\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-HTML\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This file type has the extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.xhtml\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- It is a file suitable for viewing in web browsers.\r
- It does not itself contain images and the like but only links to them.\r
- When LyX produces XHTML, it also generates corresponding images in formats\r
- suitable for the purpose.\r
- For the math output you can choose in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Output\r
-\family default\r
- between different formats, which are described in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Math Output in XHTML\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-XHTML output remains \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-under development\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, and not all LyX features are supported yet.\r
- See the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-LyX and the World Wide Web\r
-\emph default\r
-, in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual, for more information.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export your document as an XHTML file using the menu item \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-LyXHTML\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Previewing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Preview \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To get a look at the final version of your document, with all of the page\r
- breaks in place, the footnotes correctly numbered, and so on, use the menu\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
- and choose \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
- or use the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-view"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A viewing program will pop up showing the output in the defined default\r
- output format, which is globally set in the preferences (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) and can also be altered for single documents in the document settings\r
- (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Doc-Output"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- Further output formats can be selected via \r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-View (Other Formats)\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/view-others.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you have changed your document, you can refresh the output in the same\r
- viewer window using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Update\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Update (Other Formats)\r
-\family default\r
-, respectively.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you preview a file, the output file is only generated in LyX's temporary\r
- directory.\r
- To have a real output, export your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Printing the File from within LyX\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Printing-the-File"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Instead of exporting your file and then printing it, you can also print\r
- it directly from within LyX.\r
- To print a file, select the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Print\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "dialog-show print"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) or click on the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show print"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- LyX will internally call LaTeX to produce a DVI.\r
- This file is then processed by the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
- to a PostScript-file, which is finally printed using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Ghostscript\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Due to these steps in the background, this method is not the fastest.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can set the following print parameters in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Print\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Destination\r
-\family default\r
- box:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Printer\r
-\family default\r
- This is the name of the printer to print to.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Note that this printer name is for the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- That means \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
- has to be configured for this printer name.\r
- The default printer can be set in LyX's preferences dialog, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Printer"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- The printer should understand PostScript.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-File\r
-\family default\r
- The name of a file to print to.\r
- The output will be a PostScript file.\r
- It will be written in LyX's working directory unless you specify the full\r
- path.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can choose to print only a range of pages, only even-numbered or only\r
- odd-numbered pages or to print the pages in reverse — the latter options\r
- are useful for printing on two sides with a printer without a duplexer:\r
- you re-insert the pages after printing one set to print on the other side.\r
- Some printers spit out pages face-up, others, face-down.\r
- By choosing a particular order to print in, you can take the entire stack\r
- of pages out of the printer without needing to reorder them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-A few Words about Typography\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Typography\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Hyphens, Dashes and Minus Signs\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Hyphens\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dashes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In LyX, the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
--\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- character comes in four lengths: the \r
-\emph on\r
-hyphen\r
-\emph default\r
-, the \r
-\emph on\r
-en dash\r
-\emph default\r
-, the \r
-\emph on\r
-em dash\r
-\emph default\r
-, and the minus sign:\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="3">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<row interlinespace="3mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-name\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-output\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-inserted with\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="3mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-hyphen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
--\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
--\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="3mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-en dash\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-–\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Special\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Symbols\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="3mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-em dash\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-—\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Special\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Symbols\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-minus sign\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Formula $-$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
--\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in math mode\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can alternatively generate the en and em dash by inserting the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
--\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- character multiple times in a row.\r
- They will automatically be converted to the appropriate length dash in\r
- the final output, but not in LyX.\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
--\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
--\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- gives a en dash, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
--\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
--\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
--\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- a em dash.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The three dash types are distinct from the minus sign, which appears in\r
- math mode and has a length of its own.\r
- Here are some examples:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-line- and page-breaks\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\emph on\r
-hyphen\r
-\emph default\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-From A–Z\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\emph on\r
-en dash\r
-\emph default\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Oh — there's a dash.\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\emph on\r
-em dash\r
-\emph default\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}-y^{2}=z^{2}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\emph on\r
-minus sign\r
-\emph default\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Hyphenation\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Hyphenation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Hyphenation"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Words are not hyphenated within LyX but automatically in the output.\r
- Hyphenation is done by the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! babel\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- following the rules of the document language.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LaTeX hyphenates almost perfectly; it only has problems with text in the\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- font and with unusual constructs, like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-h3knix/m0n0wall\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If LaTeX cannot break a word correctly, you can set hyphenation points\r
- manually.\r
- This is done with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Hyphenation\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Point\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- These extra hyphenation points are only recommendations to LaTeX.\r
- If no hyphenation is necessary, LaTeX will ignore them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sometimes you want to prevent words or constructs from being hyphenated.\r
- Imagine that you are describing keybindings/shortcuts in your document\r
- in the form \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-A-b c\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- LaTeX would then see the hyphen \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
--\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- as a hyphenation possibility.\r
- Hyphenating at this point would look ugly.\r
- To prevent the shortcut from being hyphenated, you can put it into a makebox\r
- as described in section \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Prevent Hyphenation\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Punctuation Marks\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Punctuation marks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Abbreviations and End of Sentence\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Abbreviations"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When LyX calls LaTeX to generate the final version of your document, LaTeX\r
- automatically distinguishes between words, sentences, and abbreviations.\r
- LaTeX then adds the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-appropriate amount of space.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- That means sentences get a little bit more space between the period and\r
- the next word.\r
- Abbreviations get the same amount of space after the period that a word\r
- gets after another word.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Unfortunately, the algorithm for figuring out what's an abbreviation does\r
- not work in all cases.\r
- If a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is at the end of a lowercase letter, it's the end of a sentence; if it's\r
- at the end of a capitalized letter, it's an abbreviation.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here are some examples of \r
-\emph on\r
-correct\r
-\emph default\r
- abbreviations and of the end of a sentence:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-M.\r
- Butterfly\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Don't worry.\r
- Be happy.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-And here is an example of the algorithm going wrong:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
- this is too much space!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-This is I.\r
- It's okay.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You will not see anything wrong until you view a final version of your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To fix this problem, use one of the following:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Use an \r
-\family sans\r
-Inter-word\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- after lowercase abbreviations (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Inter-word-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spaces ! inter-word\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Use a \r
-\family sans\r
-Thin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- between two tokens of an abbreviation (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Thin-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spaces ! thin\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Use an \r
-\family sans\r
-End\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-of\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sentence\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-period\r
-\family default\r
- found under the \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Special\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Character\r
-\family default\r
- menu to force the use of inter-sentence spacing.\r
- This function is also bound to \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "specialchar-insert end-of-sentence"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for easy access.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the corrections, our earlier examples look like this:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this is too much space!\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-This is I\SpecialChar \@.\r
- It's okay.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some languages don't use extra spacing between sentences.\r
- If your language is such a language, you don't need to worry, because LaTeX\r
- will take care of this.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For those that do need to bother, there is help to catch those sneaky errors:\r
- Check out the \r
-\family sans\r
-Check\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-TeX\r
-\family default\r
- feature described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Checking TeX\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Quotes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Typography ! Quotes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Quotes | see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Typography\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX usually sets quotes correctly.\r
- Specifically, it will use an opening quote at the beginning of quoted text,\r
- and use a closing quote at the end.\r
- For example, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-open close\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The keyboard character, \r
-\family sans\r
-"\r
-\family default\r
-, generates this automatically.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can specify what character the \r
-\family sans\r
-"\r
-\family default\r
- key produces using the submenu \r
-\family sans\r
-Language\r
-\family default\r
- of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog in the box \r
-\family sans\r
-Quote Style\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- There are six choices:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- Use quotes like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Quotes sld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset Quotes srd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- Use quotes like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes sld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this\r
-\begin_inset Quotes srd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Quotes gld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset Quotes grd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- Use quotes like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes gld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this\r
-\begin_inset Quotes grd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Quotes pld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset Quotes prd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- Use quotes like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes pld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this\r
-\begin_inset Quotes prd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Quotes fld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset Quotes frd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- Use quotes like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes fld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this\r
-\begin_inset Quotes frd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Quotes ald\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset Quotes ard\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- Use quotes like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes ald\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-this\r
-\begin_inset Quotes ard\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For single quotes you have to use the shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "quote-insert single"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Ligatures\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Typography ! Ligatures\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Ligatures | see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Typography\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Ligatures"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-It is standard typesetting practice to group certain letters together and\r
- print them as single characters.\r
- These groups are known as \r
-\emph on\r
-ligatures\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- Since LaTeX knows about ligatures, your documents will contain them too\r
- in the output.\r
- Here are the standard ligatures:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-ff\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-fi\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-fl\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-ffi\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-ffl\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some languages uses other ligatures if the document font supports them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sometimes, you don't want a ligature in a word.\r
- While a ligature may be okay in the word, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-graffiti,\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- it looks really weird in compound words, such as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cufflink\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the German \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Dorffest.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- To break a ligature, use \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Ligature\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break.\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- This changes \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cufflinks\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cuff\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{}\r
-links\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Dorffest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Dorf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{}\r
-fest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-LyX's Proper Names\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LyX ! Proper names\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:LyX's-Proper-Names"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You will certainly have noticed that the word “LaTeX” always appears with\r
- characters in different sizes and heights.\r
- LaTeX is the name of the program used by LyX and is therefore recognized\r
- as a proper name when you type it in LyX as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The braces in TeX Code are here to avoid that the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-command\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- appear as proper name in the output, see the last paragraph of this section.\r
- To create proper names omit the TeX Code.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Note the order of the upper- and lowercase letters! LyX recognizes the\r
- following proper names:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-LyX The name of the game, write \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-L\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-yX\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to produce it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-TeX The program used by LaTeX, write \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-T\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to produce it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-LaTeX The program used by LyX, write \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to produce it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-LaTeX2e The actual version of LaTeX, write \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX2e\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to produce it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You might wonder why the LaTeX-version is \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\epsilon$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- It is an old tradition in the TeX-world to give programs geek version numbers.\r
- For example the version number of TeX converges to the number \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\pi$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-: The actual version is \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-TeX-3.141592\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, the previous one was \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-TeX-3.14159\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you don't want to use proper names, for example, in section headings,\r
- you can insert two empty braces in TeX Code in the word.\r
- In LyX this will look like \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/LaTeX.png\r
- scale 80\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-For more about TeX Code, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:TeX-Code"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Units\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Typography ! Units\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Generally the space between units and the number is smaller than the normal\r
- space between two words.\r
- As you can see in the example below, it looks better when the space is\r
- smaller.\r
- To get such a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-half space\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for units use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Thin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcuts"\r
-arg "space-insert thin"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is an example to show the differences:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-24\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-kW\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-h\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-space between number and unit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-24\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-kW\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-h\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-half space between number and unit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Widows and Orphans\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Typography ! Widows and orphans\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the early days of word processors, page breaks went wherever the page\r
- happened to end.\r
- There was no regard for what was actually going on in the text.\r
- You may remember once printing out a document, only to find the heading\r
- for a new section printed at the very bottom of the page, the first line\r
- of a new paragraph all alone at the bottom of a page, or the last line\r
- of a paragraph at the top of a new page.\r
- These bits of text became known as \r
-\emph on\r
-widows\r
-\emph default\r
- and \r
-\emph on\r
-orphans\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Clearly, LyX can avoid breaking pages after a section heading.\r
- That's part of the advantage of paragraph environments.\r
- But what about widows and orphans, where the page breaks leave one line\r
- of a paragraph all alone at the top or bottom of a page? There are rules\r
- built into LaTeX governing page breaks, and some of those rules are there\r
- specifically to prevent widows and orphans.\r
- This is the advantage LyX has in using LaTeX as its backend.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We cannot go into how TeX and LaTeX decide to break a page, or how you can\r
- tweak that behavior.\r
- Some LaTeX books listed in the bibliography (such as\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "latexcompanion"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "latexguide"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) may have more information.\r
- You will almost never need to worry about this, however.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-Notes, Graphics, Tables and Floats\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "chap:Floats-and-Notes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The issues of this chapter are described in detail in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
- There you will also find tips and tricks for special cases.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Notes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Notes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Notes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX offers you a few types of notes to add to your document:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-LyX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note This note type is for internal notes that will not appear in the output.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is text in a note box that doesn't appear in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Comment This note also doesn't appear in the output but it does appear as\r
- a LaTeX-comment when you export the document to LaTeX via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(xxx)\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Comment\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is text in a note box that only appears as a comment in LaTeX-files.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Greyed\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Out This note will appear in the output as text in a color which you can\r
- set in the document settings under \r
-\family sans\r
-Colors\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Greyed-out\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-notes\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is the text\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is an example footnote within a greyed out note.\r
- In this document the color of this note type is set to blue.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of a comment that appears in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-As you can see in the example, greyed out notes can have footnotes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Notes are inserted with the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "note-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Note\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Right-click on the note box that appears to select the note type.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Footnotes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Footnotes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Footnotes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX uses boxes to display footnotes: When you insert a footnote using the\r
- menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Footnote\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "footnote-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-you will see\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
- a box like this: \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/footnoteQt4.png\r
- scale 80\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
- This box is LyX's representation of your footnote.\r
- If you\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
- left-click on \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-foot\r
-\family roman\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
- \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-label, the box will\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
- be opened and you can enter the footnote text into it.\r
- Clicking on the box label again will close \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-the\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
- box\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-.\r
- If you want to turn existing text into a footnote, simply highlight it\r
- and click on the footnote\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
- toolbar \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-button\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\bar default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is an example footnote:\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\bar no\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-To close a footnote, click on the footnote box label.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The footnote will appear in the output as a superscript number at the text\r
- position where the footnote box is placed.\r
- The footnote text is placed at the bottom of the current page.\r
- The footnote number is calculated by LyX according to the document class.\r
- LyX does not yet support a particular numbering scheme, but you can get\r
- other schemes using special LaTeX-commands.\r
- T\r
-\family roman\r
-h\r
-\family default\r
-ey are described in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Marginal Notes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Marginal notes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Marginal-Notes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Marginal notes look and behave just like footnotes in LyX.\r
- When you insert a margin note via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Marginal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "marginalnote-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, you will see \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-a\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
- \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-box with the\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
- \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-label \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-margin\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- appearing within your text.\r
- This box is LyX's representation of your margin\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-al \r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-note.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-At the side of this sentence is an example marginal note.\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Marginal\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align left\r
-This is a marginal note.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Marginal notes appear at the right side in single-sided documents.\r
- In double-sided documents they appear in the outer margin – left on even\r
- pages, right on odd pages.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For further information about marginal notes see the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Margin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Notes\r
-\emph default\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Graphics and Images\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Images\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Graphics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Graphics"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To insert an image in your document, place the cursor at the text position\r
- you want and click on the toolbar icon \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or select \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Graphics\r
-\family default\r
- from the menu.\r
- Then a dialog will appear to choose the file to load.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This dialog has numerous mostly self-explanatory parameters.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Graphics\r
-\family default\r
- tab allows you to choose your image file.\r
- The image can be transformed by setting a rotation angle and a scaling\r
- factor.\r
- The scaling units are explained in Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Units-available-in"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the tab \r
-\family sans\r
-Clipping\r
-\family default\r
- it is possible to set image coordinates to adjust the height and width\r
- of the image in the output.\r
- The coordinates can also be calculated automatically by pressing the button\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Get\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-from\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-file\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Clip\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-bounding\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-box\r
-\family default\r
- will only print the image region within the given coordinates.\r
- Normally you don't need to take care about image coordinates and can ignore\r
- the tab \r
-\family sans\r
-Clipping\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the \r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Ly\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X options\r
-\family default\r
- tab LaTeX experts can specify additional LaTeX options.\r
- In this tab you can also specify the appearance of the image inside LyX.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Draft\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-mode\r
-\family default\r
- has the effect that the image doesn't appear in the output, only a frame\r
- with the image size is printed.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Don't\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-unzip\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-on\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-export\r
-\family default\r
- is explained in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Graphics Dialog\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The graphics dialog can be called at any time by clicking on an image.\r
- Images will appear in the output exactly at the position where they are\r
- in the text.\r
- This is an example image within a separate, horizontally centered paragraph:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/mobius.eps\r
- scale 70\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you need image captions or want to reference images, you have to put\r
- the image into a float, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Figure-Floats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Image Formats\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Images ! Formats\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Image-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can insert images in any known file format.\r
- But as we explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Output-file-formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, every output document format allows only a few image formats.\r
- LyX therefore uses the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-ImageMagick\r
-\family default\r
- in the background to convert the images to the right format.\r
- To increase your workflow by avoiding these conversions in the background,\r
- use only the image formats listed in the subsections of section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Output-file-formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Similar to fonts there are two types of image formats:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Bitmap\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-images consist of pixel values, often in a compressed form.\r
- They are therefore not fully scalable and look pixelated in large zooms.\r
- Well-known bitmap image formats are \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Graphics Interchange Format\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (GIF, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.gif\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-GIF|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Image formats\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Portable Network Graphics\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (PNG, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.png\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-PNG|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Image formats\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Joint Photographic Experts Group\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (JPG, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.jpg\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.jpeg\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-JPG|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Image formats\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Scalable\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-images consist of vectors and can therefore be scaled to any size without\r
- data loss.\r
- The scaling ability is desired if you want to create presentations, because\r
- presentations are always scaled by the beamer.\r
- Scaling is also useful for online documents to let the user zoom into diagrams.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Scalable image formats can be \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Scalable Vector Graphics\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (SVG, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.svg\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-SVG|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Image formats\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Encapsulated PostScript\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (EPS, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.eps\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-EPS|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Image formats\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Portable Document Format\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (PDF, file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-.pdf\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-PDF\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- We say \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-can be\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, because you can convert any bitmap image format to PDF or EPS and the\r
- result will not be scalable.\r
- In this case only a header with the image properties is added to the original\r
- image.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-In the case of PDF, the original image is additionally compressed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Normally one cannot convert a bitmap image into a scalable one, only \r
-\emph on\r
-vice versa\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Grouping of Image Settings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Images ! Settings grouping\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Each image can define a new group of image settings or join an existing\r
- group.\r
- Images within such a group share their settings, so adjusting one image\r
- of the group automatically also adjusts all other images of the group in\r
- the same way.\r
- So you can for example change the size for a bunch of images without the\r
- need to manually change each of them.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A new group can be set by pressing the button \r
-\family sans\r
-Open\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-new\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-group\r
-\family default\r
- in the\r
-\family sans\r
- Graphics\r
-\family default\r
- dialog in the \r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Ly\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X options\r
-\family default\r
- tab.\r
- Joining an existing group can be done using the context menu of the image\r
- and checking the name of the desired group.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Tables\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Tables\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Tables"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can insert a table using either the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "tabular-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Table\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- A dialog will appear, asking you for the number of rows and columns.\r
- The default table has lines around any cell and the first row appears separated\r
- from the rest of the table.\r
- This separation appears due to a double line: The cells of the first row\r
- have a line below them and the cells of the second row have a line above\r
- them.\r
- Here is an example table:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="4">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0in">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-1\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-3\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-A\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-B\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\size normal\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-C\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-The Table dialog\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can alter a table by clicking on it with the right mouse button and\r
- then choosing \r
-\family sans\r
-More\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This brings up the table dialog.\r
- Here you can adjust the settings of the cell, row and/or column where the\r
- cursor is placed currently.\r
- Most of the dialog options also work on selections.\r
- This means that if you select more cells, columns or rows the action is\r
- done on all of your selection.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In addition to the table dialog, the \r
-\family sans\r
-table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-toolbar\r
-\family default\r
- helps you in setting table properties.\r
- It appears if the cursor is inside a table.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the tab \r
-\family sans\r
-Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- of the table dialog you can set the alignment for the current row.\r
- If you add a row or column, it will be inserted right beside or below the\r
- current cell respectively.\r
- The vertical alignment of a column can only be adjusted when a column width\r
- is given.\r
- A given width will allow the cell to have line breaks and multiple paragraphs\r
- of text, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Table-Cells"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can mark multiple cells of one row/column as a multicolumn/row cell\r
- using the check box \r
-\family sans\r
-Multicolumn\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Multirow\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This will merge the cells to \r
-\emph on\r
-one\r
-\emph default\r
- cell, spread over more than one column/row.\r
- Multicolumn cells are treated as own rows, so that the alignment, width,\r
- and border settings affect only the multicolumn cell.\r
- Here is an example table with a multicolumn cell in the first row and one\r
- in the last row without the upper border:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="4">\r
-<features rotate="0" firstHeadTopDL="true" firstHeadBottomDL="true" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0in">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-abc\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="middle" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-def ghi\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-jkl\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-A\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-B\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-C\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-D\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-1\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-3\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-4\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Adept users can declare special LaTeX-arguments for the table.\r
- They are necessary for special table formatting, such as the multirow cells,\r
- explained in the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Tables\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
- You can also rotate the current cell or the whole table 90\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-degrees counterclockwise.\r
- These rotations are not visible in LyX but are visible in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Most DVI-viewers are \r
-\emph on\r
-not\r
-\emph default\r
- able to display rotations.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Borders\r
-\family default\r
- tab allows you to add and delete border lines for the current row/column.\r
- The button \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- adds lines for all cell borders.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Longtables\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Tables ! Longtables\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Longtables\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the table is too long to fit on one page, you can use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Use\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-long\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-table\r
-\family default\r
- in the tab \r
-\family sans\r
-Longtable\r
-\family default\r
- of the table dialog to split the table automatically over more pages.\r
- Doing this enables some check boxes and you can now define:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Header\r
-\family default\r
-: The current row and all rows above, that don't have any special options\r
- defined, are defined to be the header rows of all pages of the longtable.\r
- except for the first page, if \r
-\family sans\r
-First\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-header\r
-\family default\r
- is defined.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-First\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-header\r
-\family default\r
-: The current row and all rows above, that don't have any special options\r
- defined, are defined to be the header rows of the first page of the longtable.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Footer\r
-\family default\r
-: The current row and all rows below, that don't have any special options\r
- defined, are defined to be the footer rows of all pages of the longtable,\r
- except for the last page, if \r
-\family sans\r
-Last\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-footer\r
-\family default\r
- is defined.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Last\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-footer\r
-\family default\r
-: The current row and all rows below, that don't have any special options\r
- defined, are defined to be the footer rows of the last page of the longtable.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Caption: The first row is reset as a single column.\r
- You can now insert there the table caption via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Caption\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- More about longtable captions can be found in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also specify a row where the table is split.\r
- If you set more than one option in the same table row, you should be aware\r
- that then only the first option is used; the others will be defined as\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-empty\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- In this context, first means first in this order: \r
-\family sans\r
-Footer, Last\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-footer,\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Header,\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-First\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-header\r
-\family default\r
-; see the following longtable to see how it works:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="69" columns="3">\r
-<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">\r
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="5cm">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row endfirsthead="true">\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Example Phone List (ignore the names)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row endfirsthead="true">\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-NAME\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-TEL.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-\begin_inset Text\r
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-\begin_inset Text\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
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-\r
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-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
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-\r
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-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
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-<row>\r
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-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
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-\r
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-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
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-\r
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-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Pochiesa\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paolo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555, 222\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Radina\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Claudio\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Stuffer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Oskar\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Tacchelli\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Ugo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Tezzele\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Margit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Unterkalmsteiner\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Frieda\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Vieider\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Hilde\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Vigna\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Jürgen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-999\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Weber\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Maurizio\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Winkler\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Franz\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-555\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row endlastfoot="true">\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="block" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-End\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Table Cells\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Tables ! Cells\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Table-Cells"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A table cell can contain text, inline equations, a figure, or another table.\r
- All these kinds of objects can be placed in the same cell.\r
- Font sizes and shapes can also be altered.\r
- But you can't put a special environment in a cell (like \r
-\family sans\r
-Section*\r
-\family default\r
-, etc.), nor set spacing options for the cell's paragraph.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To have multi-line entries in table cells, you have to declare a fixed width\r
- for the column in the table dialog.\r
- Your text is then automatically split into multiple lines and the cell\r
- is enlarged vertically when the length of the text exceeds the given width.\r
- An example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="3">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="3cm">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-1\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-3\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-4\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-This is a multi-line entry in a table.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-5\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-6\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-This is longer now.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-7\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-8\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-This is a multi-line entry in a table.\r
- This is longer now.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-9\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Cutting and pasting between tables and table cells works reasonably well.\r
- You can even cut and paste more than one row.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Note that you cannot paste into a multicell selection because it would not\r
- be clear what to do when pasting a single word in a selected 2×3.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Selection with the mouse or with \r
-\family sans\r
-Shift\r
-\family default\r
- plus the arrow keys works as usual.\r
- You can also copy and paste the entire table as a single unit by starting\r
- the selection from outside the table.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Floats\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Floats\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Floats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Introduction\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A float is a block of text associated with some sort of label, which doesn't\r
- have a fixed location.\r
- It can \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-float\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- forward or backward a page or two, to wherever it fits best.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Footnotes\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Margin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Notes\r
-\family default\r
- are also floats, because they can float to the next page when there are\r
- too many notes on the current page.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Floats make it possible to get a high quality layout.\r
- Images and tables can be distributed evenly over the pages to avoid whitespace\r
- and pages without text.\r
- As the floating often destroys the spatial context between the text and\r
- the image/table, every float can be referenced in the text.\r
- Floats are therefore numbered.\r
- Referencing is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To insert a float, use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Float\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- A box with a caption will be inserted into your document.\r
- The label will automatically be translated to the document language in\r
- the output.\r
- After the label you can insert the caption text.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Floats ! Captions\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- The image or table is inserted above or below the caption in a separate\r
- paragraph within the float.\r
- To keep your LyX-document readable, you can open and close the float box\r
- by left-clicking on the box label.\r
- A closed float box looks like this: \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/floatQt4.png\r
- scale 80\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- – a gray button with a red label.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You should insert floats in a separate paragraph to avoid possible LaTeX-errors\r
- that can occur when the surrounding text is specially formatted.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Examples\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Figure Floats\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Figure-Floats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Floats ! Figure floats\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Figure\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Platypus-distorted"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- was created using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Figure\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "float-insert figure"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The image was inserted by setting the cursor above the caption label and\r
- using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Graphics\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The image in the float was horizontally centered by putting the cursor\r
- to the left or right of the image and using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float figure\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/platypus.eps\r
- lyxscale 50\r
- width 50col%\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "fig:Platypus-distorted"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-A severely distorted platypus in a float.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This figure float also shows how to set a label and create a cross-reference\r
- to it: Insert a label into the caption using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Label\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "label-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) and refer to it using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cross-Reference\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- It is important to use cross-references to figure floats rather than using\r
- vague references like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-the figure above\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, because, as LaTeX will reposition the floats in the final document, it\r
- might not be \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-above\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- at all.\r
- For more about cross-references, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Normally only one image is inserted in a figure float, but sometimes you\r
- might want to use two images with separate subcaptions.\r
- This can be done by inserting image floats into existing image floats.\r
- Note that only the main caption of the float is added to the List of Figures\r
- as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:List-of-Figures"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Figure\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is an example of a figure float with two images set side by side.\r
- You can also set the images one below the other.\r
- Figure\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Undefinable"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Platypus"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- are the subfigures.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float figure\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Float figure\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "fig:Undefinable"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Undefinable\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps\r
- width 45col%\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Float figure\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "fig:Platypus"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Platypus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/platypus.eps\r
- lyxscale 60\r
- width 45col%\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Two distorted images.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Table Floats\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Floats ! Table floats\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Table floats can be inserted using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Table\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "float-insert table"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- They have the same properties as figure floats except that the table in\r
- the float is normally placed below the caption and not above like for figures\r
- and that the label begins with “tab:”.\r
- Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "tab:Table-float"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is a table float.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float table\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "tab:Table-float"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-A table float.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-1\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-2\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-3\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Joe\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Mary\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-Ted\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\int x^{2}dx$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\left[\begin{array}{cc}\r
-a & b\\\r
-c & d\r
-\end{array}\right]$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $1+1=2$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-More Information\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Floats ! Details\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX offers you further float types as well as rotated floats.\r
- It also allows you to change the float numbering scheme, to control the\r
- float placement and to change the formatting and placement of the float\r
- caption.\r
- All these features are explained in detail with many examples in the chapter\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-Floats\r
-\emph default\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Minipages\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Minipages\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LaTeX provides a mechanism essentially to produce a page within a page,\r
- called a minipage.\r
- Within a minipage, all the usual rules of indentation, line wrapping, etc.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-apply.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Minipages in LyX have their own collapsible box inserted via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Box\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Right-clicking on the box label allows you to alter the width of the minipage\r
- and its alignment within the page.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Box Frameless\r
-position "t"\r
-hor_pos "c"\r
-has_inner_box 1\r
-inner_pos "t"\r
-use_parbox 0\r
-use_makebox 0\r
-width "30col%"\r
-special "none"\r
-height "1pt"\r
-height_special "totalheight"\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\shape italic\r
-This is a minipage.\r
- The text is set in an italic style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\shape italic\r
-Minipages are often used for text in another language or text that needs\r
- another formatting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-If you place two minipages side-by-side, you can use \r
-\family sans\r
-Horizontal Fills\r
-\family default\r
- as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Box Frameless\r
-position "t"\r
-hor_pos "c"\r
-has_inner_box 1\r
-inner_pos "t"\r
-use_parbox 0\r
-use_makebox 0\r
-width "1.5in"\r
-special "none"\r
-height "1pt"\r
-height_special "totalheight"\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is a minipage with some stupid dummy text.\r
- This dummy text is used to increase the size of the minipage.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Box Frameless\r
-position "t"\r
-hor_pos "c"\r
-has_inner_box 1\r
-inner_pos "t"\r
-use_parbox 0\r
-use_makebox 0\r
-width "1.5in"\r
-special "none"\r
-height "1pt"\r
-height_special "totalheight"\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is a minipage with some stupid dummy text.\r
- This dummy text is used to increase the size of the minipage.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you right-click on a minipage box, you can transform the box to another\r
- box type.\r
- All box types and their settings are explained in detail in chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Boxes\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-Mathematical Formulas\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Formulas | see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "chap:Mathematical-Formulas"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The issues of this chapter are described in detail in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
- There you will also find tips and tricks for special cases.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Basic Math Editing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Basics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To create a math formula, you can just click on the toolbar icon \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-mode on"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-mode"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- That will create a little blue rectangle, with purple markers around its\r
- corners.\r
- That blue rectangle is the formula itself; the purple markers indicate\r
- what level of nesting within the formula you are at.\r
- You can also choose a particular formula type to insert via the \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\r
-\family default\r
- menu.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Editing the parameters of a formula and adding math constructs can be done\r
- with the \r
-\family sans\r
-math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-toolbar\r
-\family default\r
-, that appears if the cursor is in a formula.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are two main types of formulas, inline formulas and display formulas.\r
- Inline formulas appear within a text line, like this one:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is a line with an inline formula \r
-\begin_inset Formula $A=B$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Displayed formulas appear outside the text like if they were in a separate\r
- paragraph, like this one:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-A=B\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-You can only number and reference displayed formulas.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX also supports many LaTeX math commands.\r
- For example, typing \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-alpha\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, followed by a space, in a formula will create the Greek letter \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\alpha$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Typing commands might sometimes be faster than using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Navigating in Formulas\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Navigating\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The best control over the cursor position within an existing formula is\r
- achieved with the arrow keys.\r
- LyX uses small rectangles to indicate places where something can be inserted.\r
- The arrow keys can be used to navigate between parts of a formula.\r
- Pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- will leave a formula construct (a square root \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{2}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, or parentheses \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\left(f\right)$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, or a matrix \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\left[\begin{array}{cc}\r
-1 & 2\\\r
-3 & 4\r
-\end{array}\right]$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- Pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Escape\r
-\family default\r
- will leave the formula, placing the cursor after the formula.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Tab\r
-\family default\r
- can be used to move horizontally in a formula; for example, through the\r
- cells of a matrix or the positions in a multi-line equation.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-, printed in this document as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This command will appear in the output as an official character denoting\r
- the space character (visible space).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, seems to do nothing in a formula, since it does not add a space between\r
- characters, but it does exit a nested structure.\r
- For this reason, you have to be careful about using \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For example, if you want \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{2x+1}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, type \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-sqrt\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2x+1\r
-\series default\r
- and not \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-sqrt\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2x\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-+1\r
-\series default\r
-, since in the latter case only the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $2x$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- will be under the square root sign: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{2x}+1$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can leave many parts of a formula, like this matrix, partially filled\r
- in, such as:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\left(\begin{array}{ccc}\r
-\lambda_{1}\\\r
- & \ddots\\\r
- & & \lambda_{n}\r
-\end{array}\right)\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-If you leave a fraction only partially filled in, or a subscript with nothing\r
- in it, the results will be unpredictable, but most constructs don't mind.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Selecting Text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can select text within a formula in two different ways.\r
- Place the cursor at one end of the string of text you want, and press \r
-\family sans\r
-Shift\r
-\family default\r
- and a cursor movement key to select text.\r
- It will be highlighted as with regular text selection.\r
- Alternatively, you can select text with the mouse in the usual way.\r
- That text can then be cut or copied, and then pasted within any formula,\r
- but not in a normal text region in LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Exponents and Subscripts\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Exponents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Subscripts\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can use the math panel to add super- or subscripts (buttons \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-superscript"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-subscript"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-), but it is often much easier to use a command.\r
- To get \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, type in a formula \r
-\series bold\r
-x^2\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- The final \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- puts the cursor back down on the base line of the expression.\r
- If you type \r
-\series bold\r
-x^2y\r
-\series default\r
-, you will get \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x^{2y}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, to get \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}y$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, type \r
-\series bold\r
-x^2\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-y\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- If you use characters in the superscript, that could be accented with the\r
- circumflex \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-^\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, you have to use an extra \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- to separate the circumflex and the character.\r
- For example, if you want \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x^{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, type \r
-\series bold\r
-x^\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-a\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- Subscripts are similar: To get \r
-\begin_inset Formula $a_{1}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, type \r
-\series bold\r
-a_1\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Fractions\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Fractions\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Create a fraction either with the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-frac\r
-\series default\r
- or by using the icon \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\frac"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- You will be presented with an empty fraction.\r
- The cursor is above the fraction line.\r
- To move it to the bottom, simply press \r
-\family sans\r
-Down\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- To move back up, press \r
-\family sans\r
-Up\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Any math structure can be placed in a fraction, as this example shows:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\left[\frac{1}{\left(\begin{array}{cc}\r
-2 & 3\\\r
-4 & 5\r
-\end{array}\right)}\right]\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Roots\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Roots\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Roots can be created using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- buttons \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\sqrt"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\root"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or the commands \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-sqrt\r
-\series default\r
- or \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-root\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- With the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-root\r
-\series default\r
- you can produce roots of higher orders, like cube roots, while \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-sqrt\r
-\series default\r
- always produces a square root.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Operators with Limits\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Sums\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Integrals\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Operators-with-Limits"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sum (\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sum$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) and integral (\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\int$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) operators are very often decorated with limits.\r
- These limits can be entered in LyX by entering them as you would enter\r
- a super- or subscript, directly after the symbol.\r
- The sum operator will automatically place its \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-limits\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- over and under the symbol in displayed formulas, and to the side in inline\r
- formulas, as in \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}=e$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, versus\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\sum\nolimits _{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}=e\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Integral signs, however, will place the limits to the side in both formula\r
- types.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-All operators with limits will be automatically re-sized when placed in\r
- display mode.\r
- The placement of the limits can be changed by placing the cursor directly\r
- behind the operator and using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Limits\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Type\r
-\family default\r
- or entering \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-limits"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Certain other mathematical expressions also have this \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-moving limits\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- feature, such as\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Limits\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\lim_{x\rightarrow\infty}f(x),\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-which will place the \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x\rightarrow\infty$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- underneath the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-lim\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in display mode.\r
- In inline formulas it looks like this: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\rightarrow\infty}f(x)$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that the lim-function was entered as the function macro \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-lim\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- Have a look at section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Functions"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for an explanation of function macros.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Math Symbols\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Symbols\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Most math symbols can be found in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- under one of several categories; including \r
-\family sans\r
-Greek\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Operators\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Relations\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Arrows\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- There are also the additional symbols provided by the American Mathematical\r
- Society (AMS).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you know the LaTeX-command for a construct or symbol you wish to use,\r
- you don't have to use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
-; you can type the command directly into the formula.\r
- LyX will convert it to the corresponding symbol or construct.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Altering Spacing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Spaces\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You may want to create spaces that differ from the standard spacing that\r
- LaTeX provides.\r
- To do this, press \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- button \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\space"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This generates a small space, and shows a small marker on the screen.\r
- For example, the sequence \r
-\series bold\r
-a Ctrl+Space b\r
-\series default\r
-: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $a\, b$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- appears in LyX as \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/SpaceMarker.png\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- You can change the space to different sizes when you set the cursor behind\r
- the space marker and enter space again several times.\r
- With every space enter the size will be changed.\r
- Some markers for the space size appear red in LyX, because they are negative\r
- spaces.\r
- Here are two examples:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-a Ctrl+Space b\r
-\series default\r
- and 3×\r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $a\quad b$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-a Ctrl+Space b\r
-\series default\r
- and 5×\r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
-: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $a\! b$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Functions\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Functions\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Functions"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- contains under the button \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\functions"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- a number of function macros, such as \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sin$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\lim$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\emph on\r
-etc\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- (you can also insert them in a formula by typing \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-sin\r
-\series default\r
- etc.).\r
- Standard mathematical practice is that functions are printed upright to\r
- avoid confusions, because \r
-\begin_inset Formula $sin$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- does normally mean \r
-\begin_inset Formula $s\cdot i\cdot n$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Using the function macros will also produce correct spacing around the function:\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Formula $a\sin x$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is different from \r
-\begin_inset Formula $asinx$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For some mathematical objects, like limits, the macro changes where subscripts\r
- are placed, as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Operators-with-Limits"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Accents\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Accents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In a formula you can insert accented characters in the same way as in text\r
- mode.\r
- This may depend on your keyboard, or the bindings file you use.\r
- You can also use LaTeX commands, for example, to enter \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\hat{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- even if your keyboard doesn't have the circumflex enabled.\r
- Our example is entered by typing \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-hat\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-spce \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-a\r
-\series default\r
- in a formula.\r
- Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "tab:Accent-names-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- shows the equivalences between the accent names and the commands.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float table\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "tab:Accent-names-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Accent names and the corresponding commands.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="3">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Name\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-E\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-xample\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-circumflex\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-hat\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\hat{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-grave\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-grave\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\grave{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-acute\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-acute\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\acute{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-umlaut\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-ddot\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\ddot{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-tilde\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-tilde\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\tilde{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-dot\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-dot\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\dot{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-breve\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-breve\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\breve{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-caron\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-check\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\check{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-macron\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-bar\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\bar{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-vector\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-vec\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series medium\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph off\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\vec{a}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can choose one of the accents by selecting an item from the \r
-\family sans\r
-Frame\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-decorations\r
-\family default\r
- symbol set button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\hat"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the math panel; this will apply to any selection you have made within\r
- a formula too.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Brackets and Delimiters\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Brackets\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Delimiters\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Brackets-and-Delimiters"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are several brackets available through LyX.\r
- For some purposes, using just the keys \r
-\family typewriter\r
-[]{}()|<>\r
-\family default\r
- should suffice.\r
- But if you want to surround a large structure, like a matrix or a fraction,\r
- or if you have several layers of brackets, it is better to use the math\r
- toolbar delimiter icon \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show mathdelimiter"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- For example, if you construct the brackets around a matrix in this way:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\left[\begin{array}{cc}\r
-1 & 2\\\r
-3 & 4\r
-\end{array}\right]\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-it makes it easier to see the layers of parentheses.\r
- Below, the expression on the left was entered using the delimiter icon\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show mathdelimiter"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and the expression on the right was entered using the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-()\r
-\family default\r
- keys.\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\frac{1}{\left(1+\left(\frac{1}{1+\left(\frac{1}{1+x}\right)}\right)\right)}\qquad\qquad\frac{1}{(1+(\frac{1}{1+(\frac{1}{1+x})}))}\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you use the delimiter icon, the parentheses, and other brackets from\r
- that menu will automatically re-size to accommodate the size of what is\r
- inside.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To construct brackets click on the button for the bracket you want on the\r
- left side and right side.\r
- If you use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Keep\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-matched\r
-\family default\r
-, the selected bracket type will be used for the left and the right side.\r
- The selection will be shown below the button field.\r
- If you want one side not to have a bracket, use the blank button.\r
- It will appear in LyX with a dotted line, but nothing will be printed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you want to place brackets around math structures, like a square root,\r
- you can do so by first highlighting (selecting) the structure that is to\r
- go inside the brackets.\r
- Then choose the appropriate brackets for left and right and click on \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The parentheses will be drawn around the selected structure.\r
- The most common bracket combinations (parentheses, square brackets, and\r
- braces, on both sides) can be entered more quickly using keyboard shortcuts.\r
- For example, to insert a pair of flexible parentheses on both sides, select\r
- the structure and enter \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-delim ( )"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Arrays and Multi-line Equations\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Arrays\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Matrices\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Multi-line Equations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Matrices are entered in LyX using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- matrix button \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show mathmatrix"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- It will open a dialog for you to choose the number of rows/columns.\r
- Here is an example:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\left(\begin{array}{ccc}\r
-1 & 2 & 3\\\r
-4 & 5 & 6\\\r
-7 & 8 & 9\r
-\end{array}\right)\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The parentheses aren't automatic, but you can add them as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Brackets-and-Delimiters"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- When you construct the matrix, you can decide whether the column entries\r
- will be left-, right-, or center-justified.\r
- This alignment is set in the box \r
-\family sans\r
-Horizontal\r
-\family default\r
- with the letters \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-l\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-r\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-c\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- LyX proposes a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-c\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for every column as default.\r
- For example, the sequence \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-lcr\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- means that the first column will be left-justified, the second will be\r
- centered, and the third column will be right-justified, because each letter\r
- corresponds to the relevant column.\r
- The result will look like this:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-\begin{array}{lcr}\r
-this & this\, column & this\, column\\\r
-column & has & has\, right\\\r
-has\, left\, alignment & center\, alignment & alignment\r
-\end{array}.\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can add more rows to an existing matrix by entering \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- while the cursor is in the matrix.\r
- Adding or deleting columns can be done via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\r
-\family default\r
- or the math toolbar.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are other arrays used in formulas, such as distinctions of cases.\r
- It can be created with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cases\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Environment\r
-\family default\r
- or the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-cases\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- Here is an example: \r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-f(x)=\begin{cases}\r
--1 & x<0\\\r
-0 & x=0\\\r
-1 & x>0\r
-\end{cases}\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Multi-line formulas are created when you press \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- within a formula.\r
- In an empty formula you can see that three blue boxes appear, one for each\r
- column.\r
- When you press \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in a non-empty formula, the part before the relation sign (equal sign \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-=\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- etc.) will be inserted automatically in the first column, the relation sign\r
- is in the second column, and the rest in the third column.\r
- A new row is created by every further entry of \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "newline-insert newline"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Multi-line formulas are always displayed formulas.\r
- Here is an example:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\begin{eqnarray}\r
-a^{2} & = & (b^{2}+c^{2})(b^{2}-c^{2})\nonumber \\\r
-a & = & \sqrt{b^{4}-c^{4}}\label{eq:asquared}\r
-\end{eqnarray}\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note that the middle column is designed for relation signs so structures\r
- in this column will be printed in a smaller size:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\begin{eqnarray*}\r
-\frac{A}{B} & \frac{A}{B} & \frac{A}{B}\r
-\end{eqnarray*}\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The multi-line formula type described here is called \r
-\family typewriter\r
-\series medium\r
-eqnarray\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- There are other multi-line types more suitable for certain situations,\r
- for example if you want a better inter-line spacing than in formula \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand eqref\r
-reference "eq:asquared"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The other types are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:AMS-Formula-Types"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Formula Numbering and Referencing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Formula numbering\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Referencing formulas\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Formula-Numbering-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To number a formula, set the cursor in the formula and use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Number\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Whole\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formula\r
-\family default\r
- or the shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-number-toggle"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The formula number appears in LyX within parentheses.\r
- The number shown is temporary and may be different when the output is generated.\r
- The placement and format of the formula number in the output depends on\r
- the document class.\r
- In this document the number is printed together with the chapter number,\r
- separated by a dot:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\begin{equation}\r
-1+1=2\r
-\end{equation}\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Using \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-number-toggle"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in a numbered formula will switch off the numbering.\r
- You can only number displayed formulas.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Multi-line formulas can be numbered line by line: Using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Number\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-This\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line\r
-\family default\r
- or the shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-number-line-toggle"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- will only toggle the numbering of the line where the cursor is:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\begin{eqnarray}\r
-1 & = & 3-2\\\r
-2 & = & 4-2\nonumber \\\r
-4 & \leq & 7\r
-\end{eqnarray}\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-To number all lines use the shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "math-number-toggle"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Every displayed formula can be referenced by its number using a label.\r
- A label is inserted with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Label\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "label-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) when the cursor is in the formula.\r
- This opens a dialog to enter the label.\r
- It is recommended that you use the suggested \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-eq:\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- as the first part of the label, because this helps later to identify the\r
- label type when you have many labels in your document.\r
- We inserted in the following example the label \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eq:tanhExp\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the second line:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\begin{eqnarray}\r
-\tanh(x) & = & \frac{\sinh(x)}{\cosh(x)}\nonumber \\\r
- & = & \frac{\mathrm{e}^{2x}-1}{\mathrm{e}^{2x}+1}\label{eq:tanhExp}\r
-\end{eqnarray}\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Every labeled line is automatically numbered.\r
- Therefore the label is shown behind the formula number.\r
- You can reference a labeled formula using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cross\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Reference\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- A dialog appears to choose a label you want to refer to.\r
- The reference appears in LyX as a gray cross-reference box and in the output\r
- as the formula number:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is a cross-reference to equation (\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "eq:tanhExp"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The properties of LyX's cross-reference box are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- To delete a label, set the cursor at the end in the labeled formula and\r
- press \r
-\family sans\r
-Del\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-User defined math macros\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Macros\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX allows you to define macros for formulas which is very useful when you\r
- have equations of the same form in a document several times.\r
- Math macros are explained in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Macros\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Fine-Tuning\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Typefaces\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Typefaces\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The standard font for text is italic, for numbers the standard is roman.\r
- To set a font in a formula, use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- button \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\font"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-, or enter its command, listed in table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "tab:Typefaces-and-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, directly.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float table\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "tab:Typefaces-and-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Typefaces and the corresponding commands.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Font\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Roman}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathrm\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathbf{\mathbf{Bold}}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathbf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathit{Italic}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathtt{Typewriter}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathtt\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathbf{\mathbb{BLACKBOARD}}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathbb\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{Fraktur}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathfrak\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\shape up\r
-\size normal\r
-\emph on\r
-\bar no\r
-\noun off\r
-\color none\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathcal{CALLIGRAPHIC}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathcal\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathsf{SansSerif}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-mathsf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- You can only print capital letters in the typefaces \r
-\family sans\r
-Blackboard\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Calligraphic\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you use a typeface, a blue box is inserted in the formula.\r
- Every character in this box will be printed in this typeface.\r
- Pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Space\r
-\family default\r
- within the box will set the cursor outside, so that you have to use a protected\r
- space when you need a space in the box.\r
- Here is an example where \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-N\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in \r
-\family sans\r
-Blackboard\r
-\family default\r
- denotes the set of numbers:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-f(x)=\sqrt{x}\:;\: x\in\mathbb{N}\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The typefaces are nestable, which can cause confusion.\r
- You can, for example, put a character in \r
-\family sans\r
-Fraktur\r
-\family default\r
- in a box for \r
-\family sans\r
-Typewriter\r
-\family default\r
-: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathtt{abc\mathfrak{d}e}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-So it is better not to use this feature.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The typefaces have no effect on Greek letters: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{abc\delta e}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-You can only print them emboldened using the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-boldsymbol\r
-\series default\r
-, which works like the other typeface commands: \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\alpha\beta\gamma\boldsymbol{\alpha\beta\gamma}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-boldsymbol\r
-\series default\r
- works for all symbols, letters, and numbers.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A number of other font options are available as well, in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Math Text\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Typefaces are useful for entering some characters in some given font, but\r
- not for text.\r
- For typing longer pieces of text use the math text, which is obtained using\r
- the entry \r
-\family sans\r
-Normal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-mode\r
-\family default\r
- of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panel\r
-\family default\r
- button \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\font"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "font-default"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- Math text appears in LyX in black instead of blue.\r
- You can use spaces and accents in math text as in normal text.\r
- Here is an example:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-f(x)=\begin{cases}\r
-x & \mbox{if I say so}\\\r
--x & \mbox{under Umständen}\r
-\end{cases}\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Font Sizes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Font sizes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are four font styles (relative sizes) used in math-mode, which are\r
- automatically chosen in most situations.\r
- These are called \r
-\family sans\r
-textstyle\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-displaystyle\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-scriptstyle\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family sans\r
-scriptscriptstyle\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For most characters, \r
-\family sans\r
-textstyle\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-displaystyle\r
-\family default\r
- are actually the same size, but fractions, superscripts and subscripts,\r
- and certain other structures, are set larger in \r
-\family sans\r
-displaystyle\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Except for some operators, which resize themselves to accommodate various\r
- situations, all text will be set in the styles that LaTeX thinks are appropriat\r
-e.\r
- These choices can be overridden by using the math panel button \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-insert \\style"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- A box for the size will be created in which you can insert the math structure.\r
- For example, you can set \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\frac{1}{2}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, which is normally in \r
-\family sans\r
-textstyle\r
-\family default\r
-, larger in \r
-\family sans\r
-displaystyle\r
-\family default\r
-: \r
-\begin_inset Formula ${\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The four styles are used in the following example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Formula $displaystyle$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Formula ${\textstyle textstyle}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Formula ${\scriptstyle scriptstyle}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Formula ${\scriptscriptstyle scriptscriptstyle}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-All these math-mode font sizes are relative so that if the whole math inset\r
- is set in a particular size with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\r
-\family default\r
-, all sizes in the formula will be adjusted relative to this size.\r
- Similarly, if the base font size of the document is changed, all fonts\r
- will be adjusted to correspond.\r
- As an example here is a formula in the font size \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-largest\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\size largest\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{e}=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-AMS-LaTeX\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-AMS math\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! AMS\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX supports the packages provided by the American Mathematical Society\r
- (AMS) that are in common use.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Enabling AMS-Support\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can make the facilities of the AMS-packages explicitly available in\r
- the document by selecting the checkbox \r
-\family sans\r
-Use\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-AMS\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-package\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog under \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Options\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- AMS is needed for many math-constructs; so when you get LaTeX-errors in\r
- formulas, ensure that you have enabled AMS.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-AMS-Formula Types\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:AMS-Formula-Types"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Math ! Multi-line Equations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-AMS-LaTeX provides a selection of different formula types.\r
- LyX allows you to choose between \r
-\family typewriter\r
-align\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-alignat\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-flalign\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-gather\r
-\family default\r
-, and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-multline\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- We refer you to the AMS-documentation, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "AMS"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, for an explanation of these formula types.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-More Tools\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Cross-References\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Cross references\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-One of LyX's strengths is cross-references.\r
- You can reference every section, float, footnote, formula, and list in\r
- the document.\r
- To reference a document part, you have to insert a label into it.\r
- The label is used as an anchor and a name for the reference.\r
- We want for example to refer to the second item of the following list:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-First item\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "enu:Second-item"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Second item\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Third item\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-First we insert a label into the second item with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Label\r
-\family default\r
- or by pressing the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "label-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A gray label box like this: \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/labelQt4.png\r
- scale 85\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is inserted and the label window pops up asking for the label text.\r
- LyX offers as text the first words of the item with a prefix, in our case\r
- the text \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-enu:Second-item\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The prefix \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-enu:\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- stands for \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-enumerate\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The prefix depends on the document part where the label is inserted; for\r
- example, if you insert a label into a section heading, the suggested prefix\r
- will be \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-sec:\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To reference the item, we refer to its label using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cross-Reference\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A gray cross-reference box like this: \r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/referenceQt4.png\r
- scale 85\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is inserted and the cross-reference window appears showing all the labels\r
- in the document.\r
- We can now sort the labels alphabetically and then choose the entry \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-enu:Second-item\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- At the position of the cross-reference box the item number will appear\r
- in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As an alternative to \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cross-Reference\r
-\family default\r
-, you can right-click on a label and in the popup menu select \r
-\family sans\r
-Copy as Reference\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The cross-reference to this label is now in the clipboard and can be pasted\r
- to the actual cursor position via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paste\r
-\family default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "paste"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is our cross-reference: Item\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "enu:Second-item"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-It is recommended to use a protected space\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Protected-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- between the cross-reference name and the cross-reference to avoid ugly\r
- line breaks between them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are six formats of cross-references:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-<reference>: prints the number, this is the default: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-(<reference>): prints the number within two parentheses, this is the style\r
- normally used to reference formulas, especially when the reference name\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Equation\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is omitted: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand eqref\r
-reference "eq:tanhExp"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-<page>: prints the page number: Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand pageref\r
-reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-on\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-<page>: prints the text “on page” and the page number: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand vpageref\r
-reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-If the label is on the same page, it prints “on this page”; if the label\r
- is on a facing page in a two-sided document, it prints “on the facing page”;\r
- if it is on the previous page which is not a facing page, it prints “on\r
- the previous page”; if it is on the next page which is not a facing page,\r
- it prints “on the next page”.\r
- The wording of the printed text also depends on the used document class.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-<reference>\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-on\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-<page>: prints the number, the text “on page” and the page number: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand vref\r
-reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-If the label is on the same page, this format behaves like \r
-\family sans\r
-\series bold\r
-<reference>\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-; otherwise it behaves like \r
-\family sans\r
-\series bold\r
-on\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-<page>\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Formatted\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-reference: prints a self defined cross-reference format.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- This feature is only available when you have the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-prettyref\r
-\series default\r
- or \r
-\series bold\r
-refstyle\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! prettyref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! refstyle\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- installed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-You can select which LaTeX-package should be used for this feature by setting\r
- the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Use refstyle (not prettyref) for cross-references\r
-\family default\r
- in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Document Class\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The package \r
-\series bold\r
-refstyle\r
-\series default\r
- is the default and preferred because \r
-\series bold\r
-prettyref\r
-\series default\r
- supports only English documents.\r
- The format is specified by using the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newrefformat\r
-\series default\r
- (prettyref) or \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newref\r
-\series default\r
- (refstyle) in the LaTeX preamble of the document.\r
- For example redefining all references to figures (which have the label\r
- shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-fig\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) can be done with this command\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newref{fig}{refcmd={Image on page \r
-\backslash\r
-pageref{#1}}}\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-For more information about the format, have a look at the package documentations\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "prettyref,refstyle"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Textual\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-reference: prints the caption or the name of the reference: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand nameref\r
-reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The number and current page of the referenced document part in the output\r
- is automatically calculated by LaTeX.\r
- The varieties are adjusted in the field \r
-\family sans\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
- of the cross-reference window, that appears when you click on the cross-referen\r
-ce.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can only use the style \r
-\family sans\r
-<reference>\r
-\family default\r
- to reference numbered document parts, while the reference style \r
-\family sans\r
-<page>\r
-\family default\r
- is always possible.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you want to reference a section, put the label in the section heading;\r
- for floats put the label in the caption; for footnotes put the label in\r
- it.\r
- Referencing formulas is explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Formula-Numbering-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Right-clicking on a cross-reference opens a context menu.\r
- The entry \r
-\family sans\r
-Go\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Label\r
-\family default\r
- sets the cursor before the referenced label.\r
- This entry will be renamed in the context menu of the label to \r
-\family sans\r
-Go\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Back\r
-\family default\r
- so that you can use it to set the cursor back to the cross-reference.\r
- You can also go back with the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "bookmark-goto 0"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can change labels at any time.\r
- References to the changed label will automatically be updated so that you\r
- do not need to think about this.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If a cross-reference refers to a non-existent label, you will see in LyX\r
- “BROKEN” in the cross-reference label and two question marks in the output\r
- instead of the reference.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-References are described in detail in the section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Referencing Floats\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Table of Contents and other Listings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Table of contents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Outline\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:toc"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Table of Contents\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Table-of-Contents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The Table of Contents (TOC) is inserted with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-List/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-of\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Contents\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- It is displayed in LyX as a gray box.\r
- If you click on it, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Outline\r
-\family default\r
- window appears, showing you the TOC entries as outline, which allows you\r
- to move and rearrange sections in your documents.\r
- So this operation is an alternative to the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Outline\r
-\family default\r
- that is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:The-Outliner"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The TOC in the document output lists every numbered section automatically.\r
- If you have declared a short title for a section heading, as described\r
- in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Short-Titles"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, it will be used in the TOC instead of the section heading.\r
- Section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Numbering-depth"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- describes how the level is adjusted that defines which section types are\r
- listed in the TOC.\r
- Unnumbered sections are not listed in the TOC.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-List of Figures, Tables, and Algorithms\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:List-of-Figures"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Table, figure, and algorithm lists are very much like the table of contents.\r
- You can insert them via the \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-List/TOC\r
-\family default\r
- submenus.\r
- The list entries are the float captions and the float number.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-URLs and Hyperlinks\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-URLs\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Hyperlinks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-URLs\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:URLs"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Links to web pages or email addresses can be inserted via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-URL\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is an example URL: LyX's homepage: \r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://www.lyx.org\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You cannot change the style of the link text, the URL text will always be\r
- in the style \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Typewriter\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- To be able to format the URL text, use hyperlinks as explained in the next\r
- subsection.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- URLs must not end with a backslash, otherwise you get LaTeX errors.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Hyperlinks\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Hyperlinks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Hyperlinks can be inserted with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Hyperlink\r
-\family default\r
- or with the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "href-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The appearing dialog has two fields: \r
-\family sans\r
-Target\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Name\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The name is the printed text for the hyperlink.\r
- The hyperlink type can be a weblink like this: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "LyX's homepage"\r
-target "http://www.lyx.org"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, an Email address like this: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "lyx-docs mailing list"\r
-target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org?subject=LyX's documentation"\r
-type "mailto:"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, or a link to a file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can start applications via a hyperlink when you insert a weblink by\r
- adding the prefix \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-run:\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to the link target.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Hyperlinks will automatically be hyphenated if necessary in the PDF output,\r
- and become clickable in the DVI and PDF-output.\r
- To set the format of the link text, highlight the hyperlink inset and use\r
- the text style dialog.\r
- This is for example a hyperlink with bold sans serif text: \r
-\family sans\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "LyX's homepage"\r
-target "http://www.lyx.org"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The link text color can be changed, when the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Color links\r
-\family default\r
- is set in the PDF Properties dialog (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-PDF Properties\r
-\family default\r
-).\r
- The link text is for example set in this document to blue by adding the\r
- option\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-urlcolor=blue\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to the field \r
-\family sans\r
-Additional options\r
-\family default\r
- in the PDF Properties dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Appendices\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Appendix\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Appendices"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Appendices are created with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Start\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Here\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This menu sets the document from the current cursor position to the end\r
- as the appendix part of the book.\r
- This part is marked with a red borderline.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Every chapter (or section) within the appendix part is treated as an appendix,\r
- numbered with a capital Latin letter.\r
- The appendix subsections are numbered with this letter followed by a dot\r
- and the subsection number.\r
- All appendix sections can be referenced as if they were normal sections,\r
- here two examples:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Credits"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-; Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Export"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Bibliography\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are two ways of generating the bibliography in a LyX-document.\r
- You can include a bibliography database,\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Known under the name \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-BibTeX-database\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- which is explained in the next subsection, or you can insert the bibliography\r
- manually, using the paragraph environment \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
-, which was described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Biblio_environment"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you want anything other than the numerical citations that are used in\r
- this document, like author-year citations, then you must\r
-\emph on\r
- \r
-\emph default\r
-use a bibliography database.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-The Bibliography Environment\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Within the \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- environment, every paragraph begins with a gray bibliography box labeled\r
- with a number.\r
- If you click on it, you will get a dialog in which you can set a \r
-\family sans\r
-Key\r
-\family default\r
- and a \r
-\family sans\r
-Label\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The key is the symbolic name by which you will refer to this bibliography\r
- entry.\r
- For example, our second entry in the bibliography is a book about LaTeX\r
- and we used \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-latexcompanion\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, a short form of its title, as the key.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can cross-reference a bibliography entry using the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Citation\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset citation"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A citation reference box is inserted and a citation window will appear\r
- containing the available citations.\r
- Select one or more keys from the list and \r
-\family sans\r
-Add\r
-\family default\r
- them.\r
- Then press \r
-\family sans\r
-OK\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The citation reference box will be labeled with the referenced key(s).\r
- If you click on the box, the citation window will appear and you can change\r
- the reference.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Citation references appear in the output as the number of the bibliography\r
- entry with surrounding brackets.\r
- If you set a \r
-\family sans\r
-Label\r
-\family default\r
- for the entry, the label will appear instead of the number.\r
- Here are two examples; the first without a label, the second with the label\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Credits\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Have a look at the \r
-\family sans\r
-LaTeX Companion Second Edition\r
-\family default\r
-: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "latexcompanion"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The LyX-Team members are listed in the Credits: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "lyxcredit"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To align all entries in the bibliography environment you can set a longest\r
- label via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- (toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- All entries are then indented in the output by the width of the given label.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Bibliography databases (BibTeX)\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Bibliography ! Databases\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Bibliography ! BibTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Bibliography-databases"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Bibliography databases are useful if you use the same bibliography in different\r
- documents.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-They are also useful for keeping a database of articles and notes concerning\r
- them.\r
- Most of the database programs mentioned below allow you to store annotations\r
- and reviews along with bibliographical information.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- It also makes it very easy to have a uniform layout for all bibliography\r
- entries.\r
- You can collect the bibliography of all relevant books and articles of\r
- your working field in a database.\r
- This database can be used for different documents, and by default only\r
- the entries cited in a particular document will appear in the bibliography\r
- list for that document.\r
- This relieves you of the need to keep track of which articles and books\r
- you have cited.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The database is a text file with the file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-.bib\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, containing the bibliography in a special format.\r
- The format is explained in \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "BibTeX-2"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and in the LaTeX books (\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "Mittelbach,Kopka,Lamport"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The file can be created using any text editor, but normally one uses a\r
- special program to create and edit the entries in the database.\r
- A list of such programs is maintained on the LyX Wiki at \r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/BibTeX/Programs\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To use a database, use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
-/\r
-\family sans\r
-TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-BibT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- A gray box will be inserted and a window appears.\r
- In this window you can add one or more databases and select a \r
-\family sans\r
-style\r
-\family default\r
- file.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Add bibliography to TOC\r
-\family default\r
- adds a table of contents entry for the bibliography.\r
- In the \r
-\family sans\r
-Content\r
-\family default\r
- drop box you can select whether to include all the entries in the database\r
- in the document or just the cited references.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The style file is a text file with the file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-.bst\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- that controls how the bibliography entries will appear.\r
- Your LaTeX distribution should provide several of these, and many publishers\r
- provide their own style files, so that you don't have to take care of the\r
- layout.\r
- It is of course possible to write your own style file, but this is something\r
- for experts.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-For information on how this is done, have a look at\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxhak.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserting a citation reference works as described in the previous section.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To generate the bibliography from a database, LyX uses the program BibTeX.\r
- You can choose which of its variants should be used by LyX as the \r
-\family sans\r
-Processor\r
-\family default\r
- either in \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- or in \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The following variants are possible:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-biber provides full Unicode support, unlimited memory, but does not work\r
- with other bibliography packages (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-natbib\r
-\series default\r
-), only with the package \r
-\series bold\r
-biblatex\r
-\series default\r
-; recommended for multilingual texts and for languages that don't use Latin\r
- letters\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-bibtex the standard; does not allow special characters in bibliography entries\r
- that are not possible to encode in a 7-bit encoding, limited memory, works\r
- with all bibliography packages, except \r
-\series bold\r
-biblatex\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-bibtex8 allows all characters that are possible to encode in an 8-bit encoding,\r
- larger memory than \r
-\family sans\r
-bibtex\r
-\family default\r
-, works with all bibliography packages\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-BibTeX can be controlled with options that you can add below the specification\r
- of the variants.\r
- Before adding options, it is strongly recommended that you read the manual\r
- of \r
-\family sans\r
-BibTeX\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "BibTeX"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you select the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Sectioned bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- dialog, it is possible to have multiple and sectioned bibliographies.\r
- This and other options are explained in detail in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Customizing Bibliographies\r
-\emph default\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-with BibTeX\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We use two bibliographies in this document to show the difference between\r
- the two methods of creating them.\r
- As you can see, the bibliography that is created from a database lists\r
- only the database entries that are referenced in the document.\r
- We used the style file \r
-\family sans\r
-alphadin.bst\r
-\family default\r
- to get the complicated German reference key scheme in the bibliography.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Bibliography layout\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Bibliography ! Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the citation reference dialog you can set a special citation format.\r
- For this feature you need to enable the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Natbib\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- dialog under \r
-\family sans\r
-Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Setting a citation style for a reference will overwrite the default.\r
- For the global citation format use the BibTeX style files as explained\r
- in the previous section.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also set text to appear before or after a citation reference, in\r
- the citation reference window.\r
- Here is an example where the text \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Chapter\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-3\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- appears after the reference:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Have a look at \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-after "Chapter 3"\r
-key "latexcompanion"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Index\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index generation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Index"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-An index entry is created if you use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Index\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Entry\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "index-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A box is inserted containing the text that appears in the index.\r
- The word where the cursor is in or the currently highlighted text is proposed\r
- by LyX as the index entry.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The index list is inserted in the document with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-List/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Index\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-List\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- A light blue box labeled \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Index\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- will show the place where the index is printed in the output.\r
- The index list box is not clickable like other LyX-boxes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-We give a short overview of the index commands in the next subsections.\r
- For a detailed description of LaTeX's index mechanism, have a look at one\r
- of the LaTeX books \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "latexcompanion,latexguide,latexbook"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Grouping Index Entries\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index ! Grouping\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Index entries are often grouped to offer the reader a fast search in the\r
- index.\r
- We want to group for example the index entries for itemized and enumerated\r
- lists under the entry \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lists\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- First we create the entry \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lists\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Lists"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- In the text field for the itemized list index entry in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Itemize"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, we insert the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Lists ! Itemize\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-and the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Lists ! Enumerate\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-for the enumerated list in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Enumerate"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The exclamation mark \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-!\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- marks the grouping levels.\r
- You can have three levels; every index level is indented a bit more.\r
- An index entry for the higher levels is not required.\r
- If we don't have an index entry for \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lists\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, it will be printed anyway, but without a page number.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Page Ranges\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index ! Page ranges\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Normally an index entry will appear with the page number of the indexed\r
- section.\r
- But sometimes you want to index more pages under the same entry.\r
- For example, if we want to index the paragraph environments, we create\r
- an index entry in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Paragraph-Environments"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Paragraph environments|(\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-and another entry at the end of section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LyX-Code"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Paragraph environments|)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The commands \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-|(\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-|)\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- respectively start and end the index range.\r
- You can also add the same index entry at different places in the document.\r
- They appear in the output under one entry with a comma separated list of\r
- the pages of the indexed document parts.\r
- An example is the index entry \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Cross referencing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index ! Cross referencing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-It is also possible to refer to another index entry.\r
- We referred for example in the index entry \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-GIF\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Image-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) to the index entry \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Image formats\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the same section using the entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-GIF|see{Image formats}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-where the braces have to be inserted as TeX Code.\r
- The text within the braces is the referenced entry.\r
- The reference will appear in the output without a page number.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Index Entry Order\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index ! Entry order\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you use accented characters in the index entry the entries might not\r
- follow the rules for the index order.\r
- The index entries are sorted alphabetically but LaTeX\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The index generating is done in the background by an extra program, see\r
- section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Index-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- does not know how to sort accents in different languages.\r
- We have created as an example the three dummy index entries \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-maison\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-maïs\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-maître\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dummy entries ! maïs\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dummy entries ! maître\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dummy entries ! maïs@maison\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- They will be sorted in the order maïs, maître, maison but we want the order\r
- maïs, maison, maître.\r
- To achieve this, we use the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-previous entry@current entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In our case we want to have \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-maison\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- after \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-maïs\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and write therefore for the index entry of maison:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-maïs@maison\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The previous entry need not be a real existing entry.\r
- You can also use another word to tell LaTeX the entry order.\r
- See the next subsection for an example.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In some cases the index entry order is not correct when you are using the\r
- program \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex \r
-\family default\r
-to generate the index (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Index-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex\r
-\family default\r
- would for example print the index entry for the LaTeX-package aeguill in\r
- sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Document-Font"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- after the index entries of the other LaTeX-packages although all these\r
- index commands start with \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-LaTeX-packages !\r
-\series default\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The reason is that the index entry for aeguill is in a footnote.\r
- To fix this \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex\r
-\family default\r
- bug, add these commands to the preamble of your document:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-let\r
-\backslash\r
-OrgIndex\r
-\backslash\r
-index\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-renewcommand*{\r
-\backslash\r
-index}[1]{\r
-\backslash\r
-OrgIndex{#1}}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Index Entry Layout\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index ! Entry layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can change the appearance of index entries via the text style dialog.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dummy entries ! \r
-\shape italic\r
-This is an italic dummy entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- You can also format the page number using the character \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-|\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- followed by a LaTeX-command without a backslash.\r
- We can write for example\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-italic page number:|textit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-to get the page number in italic.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dummy entries ! italic page number:|textit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Normally all LaTeX-commands begin with a backslash, but in this special\r
- case \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-|command\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- means \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-command{page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-number}\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- Have a look at section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to learn more about the LaTeX-syntax.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Formatting single index entries only works when you use the program \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex \r
-\family default\r
-to generate the index, see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Index-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you use \r
-\family sans\r
-xindy\r
-\family default\r
-, this will not work for anything other than bold or italic text.\r
- This is because \r
-\family sans\r
-xindy\r
-\family default\r
- requires you to define semantic elements before they can be used, see \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-after "p. 678 ff."\r
-key "latexcompanion"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In general, we encourage you to not format page numbers directly as shown\r
- above.\r
- Instead, you should define a macro in the preamble and use that.\r
- Maybe you want all page references italic that refer to a definition of\r
- the indexed term, so that users can easily find definitions.\r
- If so, put the following in the preamble\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-IndexDef}[1]{\r
-\backslash\r
-textit{#1}}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-and write\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-my entry|IndexDef\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-in the index entry.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Dummy entries ! my entry|IndexDef\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- The advantage is that, if you change your mind later or if your publisher\r
- insists that definitions must not be italic but bold, you just need to\r
- change the macro in the preamble, not every single index entry.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also change the layout for the whole index.\r
- For example, we marked the index list box of this document as bold to get\r
- a bold font for all index entries.\r
- For more advanced tasks you have to set up a so-called \r
-\emph on\r
-Index Style File\r
-\emph default\r
-, see the \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-xindy\r
-\family default\r
- documentation for details, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "makeindex,xindy"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Index Program\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Index ! Program\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Index-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the index generation program \r
-\family sans\r
-xindy\r
-\family default\r
- is installed, LyX uses it for index generation; otherwise the program \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex\r
-\family default\r
-, the program that is part of every LaTeX distribution, is used.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Makeindex\r
-\family default\r
- is very old, no longer under development and has many pitfalls, notably\r
- that it was developed with only the English language in mind.\r
- So it fails to sort anything other than a monolingual English text correctly.\r
- We have shown above how to fix this sorting.\r
- However, if you are writing in another than the English language, consider\r
- to use \r
-\family sans\r
-xindy\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Both programs can be controlled by options that can be set in LyX's preferences\r
- dialog, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-settings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The available options are listed and explained in \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "makeindex,xindy"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- In this dialog, you can also specify an alternative program to generate\r
- the index.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you need specific options or an alternative index program only for a\r
- given document, you can define the program and\SpecialChar \slash{}\r
-or the options in \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Indexes\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- This is especially useful if you need to pass language-specific options\r
- to the index program or if you need a specific layout style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Multiple Indexes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In many fields it is common to have more than one index.\r
- For instance, you might need to set up a separate \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Index of Names\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- next to the standard index.\r
- LaTeX does not provide this possibility out of the box, but there are packages\r
- that add this feature.\r
- LyX uses the \r
-\series bold\r
-splitidx\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! splitidx\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- package to generate multiple indexes.\r
- The package is included in all recent LaTeX distributions.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-If yours does not ship it, consult the TeX-catalogue, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "TeXCatalogue"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Note that the package does not only consist of a LaTeX style, but it also\r
- includes specific preprocessor programs that need to be installed as well.\r
- Please consult the package's manual for details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To set up LyX for the use of multiple indexes, go to \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Indexes\r
-\family default\r
- and select the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Use multiple Indexes\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Note that the list \r
-\family sans\r
-Available Indexes\r
-\family default\r
- already contains the standard index \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Index\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- To add further indexes, add the name of the index (in the form that should\r
- also appear as a heading) to the \r
-\family sans\r
-New\r
-\family default\r
- input field and press the \r
-\family sans\r
-Add\r
-\family default\r
- button.\r
- The new index now also appears in the list.\r
- If you like, you can attribute an alternative LyX label color to the new\r
- index.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Once the document changes have been applied, you can find the new index\r
- list in \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-List/TOC\r
-\family default\r
- and the \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\r
-\family default\r
- menu has a separate entry for each of the defined indexes.\r
- The workflow is basically the same as for the default index, but there\r
- are additional features:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-If you want to change the attribution of a specific index entry, right-clicking\r
- on the entry's label will open a dialog where you can do that.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-By right-clicking on an index, you can change its type.\r
- Furthermore, you can specify an index to be a \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Subindex.\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- If you do that, the heading of that list will be decreased by one level.\r
- For example, if you use a book class, where the standard index heading\r
- is defined as a chapter, subindexes will be defined as sections and can\r
- thus be nested to the non-subindexes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Nomenclature/Glossary \r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Glossary|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Nomenclature"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sometimes you need to provide a list of technical terms or symbols that\r
- are mentioned in your document with a brief explanation of them – a so\r
- called nomenclature or glossary.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To be able to create nomenclatures or glossaries, you need the LaTeX package\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-nomencl\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! nomencl\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- installed.\r
- You find it in the TeX-catalogue, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "TeXCatalogue"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or in the package manager of your LaTeX-system.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A nomenclature entry is created if you place the cursor after a symbol entry\r
- and then use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-N\r
-\family sans\r
-omenclature\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Entry\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "nomencl-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- A gray box labeled \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Nom\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is inserted and a window pops up asking for the nomenclature entry.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-A nomenclature entry consists of two main entries.\r
- The first is the term or \r
-\family sans\r
-Symbol\r
-\family default\r
- that you wish to define.\r
- The second is the \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- of the term or symbol.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- You have to enter valid LaTeX-code for all fields of the nomenclature dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Nomenclature Definition and Layout\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nomenclature ! Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you have symbols in formulas, you have to define them in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Symbol\r
-\family default\r
- field as LaTeX-formulas.\r
- For example to get \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, insert this:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-$\r
-\backslash\r
-sigma$\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series default\r
-The \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-$\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- character starts/ends the formula.\r
- The LaTeX-command for the Greek letter is the name of the letter beginning\r
- with a backslash \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- For capital Greek letters, start the command also with a capital letter,\r
- like \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-Sigma\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-(A short introduction to the LaTeX-syntax is given in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You cannot use the \r
-\family sans\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\r
-\family default\r
- dialog to format the description text; you have to use LaTeX-commands.\r
- For example the description of the nomenclature entry for the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in this document is:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-dummy entry for the character \r
-\backslash\r
-textsf{sigma}\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-textsf\r
-\series default\r
- sets the fonts to \r
-\family sans\r
-sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-serif\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- To get \r
-\series bold\r
-bold\r
-\series default\r
- font use the command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-textbf\r
-\series default\r
-, for \r
-\family typewriter\r
-typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- use \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-texttt\r
-\series default\r
-, for \r
-\emph on\r
-emphasized\r
-\emph default\r
- use \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-emph\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the characters |\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-,\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-!\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, @ and\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-"\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-should appear in nomenclature entries they need to be escaped by adding\r
- a quote character in front of them.\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "\"@, \"|, \"!, \"\""\r
-description "The quote sign is output by writing ‘ \"\"\"\" '"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Sort Order of Nomenclature Entries\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nomenclature ! Sort order\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The nomenclature entries are sorted alphabetically by the LaTeX-code of\r
- the symbol definition.\r
- This leads to undesired results when you, for example, have symbols in\r
- formulas.\r
- Suppose you have nomenclature entries for the symbols \r
-\emph on\r
-a\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-symbol "a"\r
-description "dummy entry for the character \"a\""\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\emph default\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature\r
-LatexCommand nomenclature\r
-prefix "sigma"\r
-symbol "$\\sigma$"\r
-description "dummy entry for the character \\textsf{sigma}"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- They will be sorted by \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-a\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-$\r
-\backslash\r
-sigma$\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- – the \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- will be sorted before the \r
-\emph on\r
-a\r
-\emph default\r
- since the character \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-$\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is considered in sorting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To control the sort order, you can edit the \r
-\family sans\r
-Sort\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-as\r
-\family default\r
- field of the nomenclature dialog.\r
- Then the nomenclature entry will be sorted by this entry and not the symbol\r
- definition.\r
- For the example given, you can insert \r
-\family typewriter\r
-sigma\r
-\family default\r
- in this field for the \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, then \r
-\emph on\r
-a\r
-\emph default\r
- will be located before \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For subgrouping and tips for using sort entries see the \r
-\series bold\r
-nomencl\r
-\series default\r
- documentation, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "nomencl"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Nomenclature Options\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nomenclature ! Options\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\series bold\r
-nomencl\r
-\series default\r
- package offers some options to adjust the appearance of the nomenclature.\r
- Here are some of its options; for more have a look at its documentation:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-refeq Appends the phrase \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-, see equation (\r
-\emph on\r
-eq\r
-\emph default\r
-)\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to every nomenclature entry, where \r
-\family sans\r
-\emph on\r
-eq\r
-\family default\r
-\emph default\r
- is the number of the last equation in front of the nomenclature entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-refpage Appends the phrase \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-, page (\r
-\emph on\r
-page\r
-\emph default\r
-)\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to every nomenclature entry, where \r
-\family sans\r
-\emph on\r
-page\r
-\family default\r
-\emph default\r
- is the number of the page on which the nomenclature entry appeared\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-intoc Inserts the nomenclature in the Table of Contents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To use one or more of the options, add them to the comma-separated document\r
- class options list in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
- In this document the options \r
-\series bold\r
-refpage, intoc\r
-\series default\r
- are used.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also use the first two options above only for certain nomenclature\r
- entries when you add one of the following commands as last entry to the\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Description\r
-\family default\r
- field in the nomenclature dialog:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomrefeq Like the \r
-\series bold\r
-refeq\r
-\series default\r
- option\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomrefpage Like the \r
-\series bold\r
-refpage\r
-\series default\r
- option\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomrefeqpage Short notation of \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomrefeq\r
-\backslash\r
-nomrefpage\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomnorefeq,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomnorefpage,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomnorefeqpage Turns off the corresponding options\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Words like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-page\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- are automatically translated for some document languages.\r
- If not, add these lines to your LaTeX preamble:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-renewcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-eqdeclaration}[1]{, see equation\r
-\backslash\r
-nobreakspace(#1)}\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-renewcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-pagedeclaration}[1]{, page\r
-\backslash\r
-nobreakspace{}#1}\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and replace \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-see equation\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-page\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- by their translation.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Printing the Nomenclature\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nomenclature ! Printing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To print the nomenclature, use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Lists/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- A box labeled \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- will show the place where the nomenclature is printed in the output.\r
- By right-clicking on it, the amount of space for symbols can be altered.\r
- You can choose between these settings:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Default a space of 1\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-cm is used\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Longest\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-width the width of the widest symbol of all nomenclature entries is used\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Custom custom space\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the printed output the title of the nomenclature appears as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If you are not happy with the name, you can change it by redefining the\r
- command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-nomname\r
-\series default\r
- in the preamble.\r
- For example, in order to change the name to \r
-\emph on\r
-List of Symbols\r
-\emph default\r
-, add the following line to the preamble:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family roman\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-renewcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-nomname}{List of Symbols}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Nomenclature Program\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Nomenclature ! Program\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Nomenclature-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX uses the program \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex\r
-\family default\r
-, that is part of every LaTeX distribution, to generate the nomenclature.\r
- LyX's preferences dialog allows you to specify another program or to control\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-makeindex\r
-\family default\r
- by adding options, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-settings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The available options are listed and explained in \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "nomencl,makeindex"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Branches\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Branches\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Branches\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Branches"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sometimes it is useful to hide some document parts in the output.\r
- For example a teacher who is setting an exam obviously doesn't want the\r
- pupils to see the answers, but having questions and answers in the same\r
- document will make the life of the markers of that exam much easier.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For these cases LyX allows you to put text into branches.\r
- The text will then only appear in the output when its branch is activated.\r
- To create a branch, either select the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Branch\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Insert New Branch\r
-\family default\r
- (if you just want to specify a new branch) or go in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog to \r
-\family sans\r
-Branches\r
-\family default\r
-, where you can specify and change the name of the branch, its activation\r
- state (whether the content of the branch is shown in the output or not),\r
- its background color inside LyX and whether the name of the branch should\r
- be appended to the document file name on export if the branch is active\r
- (see below for an example).\r
- Furthermore, the dialog lets you merge two branches (just rename one branch\r
- to the name of the other) and to add \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-unknown branches\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-branches that were added to the document via copy and paste from other documents\r
-, without having been defined) to the document's branch list.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Text that should be in a branch is set into branch inset boxes.\r
- These boxes are inserted via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Branch\r
-\family default\r
- where you can choose a branch.\r
- You can later change the activation state of the branch by right-clicking\r
- on them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is an example, where only the question text appears, the answer branch\r
- is deactivated and therefore does not appear in the output:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Branch Question\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Question: Who was the first physics Nobel prize winner?\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Branch Answer\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Answer: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you activate \r
-\family sans\r
-Filename Suffix\r
-\family default\r
- in \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Branches\r
-\family default\r
-, the name of the active branches will be appended to the file name at export.\r
- Consider for example a file \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Exam.lyx\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- which has the above branches.\r
- If \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Filename Suffix\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is active, the PDF export file would be called \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Exam.pdf\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- if both the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Question\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Answer\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- branch were inactive, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Exam-Question.pdf\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- if only the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Question\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- branch was active, likewise \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Exam-Answer.pdf\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- if only the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Answer\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- branch was active, and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Exam-Question-Answer.pdf\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- if both branches were active.\r
- This helps you to export different versions of your document easily.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To use conditional output inside places where you cannot insert branch insets,\r
- like inside equations, you can code special LaTeX definitions for each\r
- branch.\r
- For example you can define for the question branch\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-For an introduction to the LaTeX-syntax, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-question}[1]{#1}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-answer}[1]{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-and for the answer branch\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-question}[1]{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-answer}[1]{#1}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Branch Question\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-question}[1]{#1}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-answer}[1]{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Branch Answer\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-question}[1]{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-newcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-answer}[1]{#1}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Now it is possible to use the \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-question{\SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-}\r
-\series default\r
- and \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-answer{\SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-}\r
-\series default\r
- commands to obtain conditional output.\r
- Here is an example formula where only the \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-question\r
-\series default\r
- part appears:\r
-\begin_inset Formula \r
-\[\r
-x^{2}-2x-2\Rightarrow\question{x_{1}}\answer{x_{2}}=1\question{+\sqrt{3}}\answer{-\sqrt{3}}.\r
-\]\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inside math, the same effect can be achieved using math macros, see the\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Each type of branch is allowed to have its specific style defined in layout\r
- files (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-any branch inset can be automatically wrapped by your own LaTeX commands.).\r
- For this advanced usage, see the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual, section \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Flex insets and InsetLayout\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-PDF Properties\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:PDF-Properties"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-PDF properties\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-PDF Properties\r
-\family default\r
- dialog allows you to set up special options for the PDF output of your\r
- document.\r
- All these options are provided by the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-hyperref\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! hyperref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- which will link all cross-references in the DVI- and PDF-output.\r
- This means that the reader of your document will be able to click on a\r
- table of contents entry or on a reference to move to the cross-referenced\r
- part of the document.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The header information in the dialog tab \r
-\family sans\r
-General\r
-\family default\r
- is saved together with the PDF as file properties.\r
- Many programs are able to extract this information, for example, automatically\r
- to recognize who the author is and what the PDF is about.\r
- This is very useful to sort, classify or use PDFs for bibliography issues.\r
- When the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Automatically\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-fill\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-header\r
-\family default\r
- is set, LyX tries to extract the header information from your document\r
- title and author entries.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Load\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-fullscreen\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-mode\r
-\family default\r
- will open the PDF in fullscreen mode, which is useful for presentations.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can specify in the dialog tab \r
-\family sans\r
-Hyperlinks\r
-\family default\r
- how the links will look and if links for bibliographical backreferences\r
- are created.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Break\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-links\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-over\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-lines\r
-\family default\r
- option allows long links to be split; \r
-\family sans\r
-No\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-frames\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-around\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-links\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Color\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-links\r
-\family default\r
- both turn off the default behavior of enclosing all links in frames; \r
-\family sans\r
-Color\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-links\r
-\family default\r
- colors the different links.\r
- The default colors are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\color magenta\r
-magenta\r
-\color inherit\r
- for hyperlinks and URLs\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\color red\r
-red\r
-\color inherit\r
- for links\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Labeling\r
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000\r
-\r
-\color green\r
-green\r
-\color inherit\r
- for citations\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-but you can change these in the field \r
-\family sans\r
-Additional options\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For example, in this document they were changed with the additional options:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Backreferences\r
-\family default\r
- is set, the hyperlinks will appear in the bibliography after the different\r
- entries, showing, depending on the option selected, the number of the section,\r
- slide or page where the entry is referenced.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the dialog tab \r
-\family sans\r
-Bookmarks\r
-\family default\r
- you can specify if PDF-bookmarks should be created for every section of\r
- your document to make it easier for readers to navigate through the document.\r
- You can decide if the bookmarks should be numbered like your document sections\r
- or not.\r
- With the \r
-\family sans\r
-Open bookmarks\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Level\r
-\family default\r
- you can specify what sectioning level should be displayed in the bookmarks\r
- when opening the PDF.\r
- For example level\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2 will display all sections and subsections, while level\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1 will only display the sections.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-PDF properties are also used in this document.\r
- When you look in its document settings, you can see that some additional\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-hyperref\r
-\series default\r
- options are used.\r
- For an explanation of all them we refer you to the hyperref manual \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "hyperref"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-TeX Code and the LaTeX Syntax\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:TeX-Code"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-TeX Code Boxes\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-TeX Code\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:TeX-Code-Boxes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As LyX uses LaTeX in the background, it supports many LaTeX commands and\r
- constructs, but not all.\r
- LaTeX contains hundreds of packages that provide different commands.\r
- All the time packages are being updated and new ones added.\r
- This has the advantage that you can typeset nearly everything as there\r
- is a LaTeX-package for every problem, though LyX cannot support all packages\r
- and their commands.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-But don't worry, you can use any LaTeX-command directly in LyX inside the\r
- TeX Code box.\r
- A TeX Code box is created by the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Te\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Code\r
-\family default\r
- or by the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "ert-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "ert-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The box can be opened by left-clicking and closed by right-clicking on\r
- it and selecting \r
-\family sans\r
-Close Inset\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can insert complete or incomplete commands as TeX Code.\r
- Incomplete means that the command argument can be Standard LyX text.\r
- For example, if you want to draw a frame around a word and are therefore\r
- using the LaTeX-command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fbox\r
-\series default\r
-, you can write the command part \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fbox{\r
-\series default\r
- in a TeX Code box before the word and the closing brace \r
-\series bold\r
-}\r
-\series default\r
- in a second TeX Code box behind the word.\r
- The word between the two TeX Code boxes is then the argument as it is in\r
- the following example:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/ERT.png\r
- scale 89\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-gives\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is a line with a \r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fbox{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-framed\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- word.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- At the end of LaTeX-commands without parameters, you have to insert a space\r
- to let LaTeX know that the command is finished.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-A Short Introduction to the LaTeX Syntax\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The LaTeX Syntax\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX Syntax\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you write larger documents or books, you will need to know something\r
- about the LaTeX-commands that LyX uses in the background.\r
- Because LaTeX is based on commands, you can \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-program\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- your text.\r
- This has the advantage that the layout of the document can be changed at\r
- any time if you know the right commands.\r
- For example, imagine you have to write a manual for a product and the deadline\r
- is the end of the day.\r
- Your boss has just complimented you for your good work but wants to have\r
- all caption labels bold.\r
- But you have over a hundred figure and table captions with non-bold labels\r
- in your manual.\r
- Of course it is impossible to change all caption labels manually in one\r
- day.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Now LaTeX comes into play.\r
- As mentioned above, for every problem there exists a LaTeX-package.\r
- First you have to find out which and therefore look in the LaTeX package\r
- database, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "Catalogue"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-As result you find that the package \r
-\series bold\r
-caption\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! caption\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is what you need.\r
- To use a package, you have to load it in the document preamble (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Preamble\r
-\family default\r
-) with the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-usepackage[options]{package name}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-All LaTeX commands begin with a backslash, the command argument is set within\r
- two braces and the options are set within two brackets.\r
- Note that not all commands have an argument and options.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In your case the package name is \r
-\series bold\r
-caption\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- After a look in the documentation of the package, you know that the option\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-labelfont=bf\r
-\series default\r
- will change the font of all caption labels to bold.\r
- So you add the command\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-usepackage[labelfont=bf]{caption}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-to the preamble and the problem is solved.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-For more commands provided by the \r
-\series bold\r
-caption\r
-\series default\r
- package, have a look at its documentation, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "caption"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that some document classes have built-in solutions for well-known problems\r
- like your case.\r
- For example if you use a \r
-\family sans\r
-KOMA-Script\r
-\family default\r
- class, you don't need the package \r
-\series bold\r
-caption\r
-\series default\r
-, you can instead write\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-setkomafont{captionlabel}{\r
-\backslash\r
-bfseries}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-in the preamble and the problem is solved.\r
- So if you plan to write a large document, you should have a look at the\r
- documentation of the document class you want to use.\r
- (\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-setkomafont\r
-\series default\r
- is an example of a command with more than one argument.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Commands in the preamble affect the whole document, while commands in the\r
- text affect only the text after the command or only the text used as command\r
- argument.\r
- To insert a LaTeX-command in text, use the TeX Code box as described in\r
- the previous section.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you want to learn more about LaTeX and its syntax, have a look at the\r
- LaTeX-books \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "latexcompanion,latexguide"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Newpage cleardoublepage\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-pagestyle{fancy}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-switches temporarily to a page style with custom header and footer line\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Left Header\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rightmark\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-defines the header line as described below\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Center Header\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Right Header\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-leftmark\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Left Footer\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-thepage\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Center Footer\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\series bold\r
-\color red\r
-LyX's user guide\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Magic code:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\Upsilon=\frac{\sqrt[3]{\aleph}}{\spadesuit}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Right Footer\r
-\begin_inset Argument 1\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-Roman{page}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Customized Page Headers and Footers\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Customized-Page-Headers"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Header/Footer line\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Header/Footer line\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To define a custom page header and footer line for your document, you need\r
- to set the \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-style\r
-\family default\r
- to \r
-\family sans\r
-Fancy\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog under \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- As a second step add in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Modules\r
-\family default\r
- the module \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Custom Header/Footerlines\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- This module offers the following 6\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-styles:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Header,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Center\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Header,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Header\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Center\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-for the different positions in the header/footer.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Normally, headers and footers are set up at the beginning of the document.\r
- But you can change them anywhere you want to.\r
- Figure\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "fig:Page-layout"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- shows the page layout and where the header/footer styles will appear.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float figure\r
-placement h\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\noindent\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="3">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="30line%">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="30line%">\r
-<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="30line%">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Left Header\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Center Header\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Right Header\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none" width="90line%">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The normal text on the page goes here.\r
- The running header is above the text, and the footer is below (including\r
- footnotes).\r
- Headers/footers typically contain things like the page number, title of\r
- the chapter, company logo but your can use almost anything, except of floats.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Left Footer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Center Footer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Right Footer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "fig:Page-layout"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page layout with custom header and footer line.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note\r
-\series default\r
-: some document classes implement their own customized page headers and\r
- footers if \r
-\family sans\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-style\r
-\family default\r
- is set to “Default”.\r
- Check what these are before you specify your own customized page headers\r
- and footers.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Definition\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To define your header line, add all three header styles.\r
- The things you add to the styles appear on odd numbered pages, the things\r
- in the optional arguments on even numbered pages.\r
- For single-sided documents, the optional arguments will not be used and\r
- can be omitted.\r
- If you leave a style or its argument empty, nothing appears in the output.\r
- Defining the footer line works similarly.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For the definition, you will need some LaTeX-commands that are inserted\r
- as TeX code (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Te\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Code\r
-\family default\r
-):\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-thepage prints the current page number\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-Roman{page} prints the current page number with capital roman numerals\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-roman{page} prints the current page number with small roman numerals\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-leftmark prints the current section number and title.\r
- If the document has chapters, it prints the current chapter number and\r
- title instead.\r
- It is called \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-leftmark\r
-\begin_inset Quotes prd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- because it usually goes in a left header.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rightmark prints the current subsection number and title.\r
- If the document has chapters, it prints the current section number and\r
- title instead.\r
- It is normally used in the right header.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Default header/footer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The custom header/footer is not empty by default.\r
- The default header contains the chapter and section title and the center\r
- footer has the page number.\r
- In order to remove unwanted entries from the header/footer, include the\r
- relevant header/footer style in your document, but leave it blank.\r
- So, if you do not want a page number in the footer, include a blank \r
-\family sans\r
-Center\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer\r
-\family default\r
- style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Appearance\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The header and footer will appear on normal pages.\r
- Some pages are different.\r
- The title page has a style of its own, and so does any page that starts\r
- a new part or chapter in your book.\r
- Such pages will not have the custom headers/footers, but that is normal.\r
- There is for example no need to print a header with the chapter name on\r
- the chapter page where the chapter heading is in big bold letters anyway.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Header and footer decoration line\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-By default, you get a 0.4\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pt thick line below the header and no footer line.\r
- This can be changed in the document preamble with the commands \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-headrulewidth\r
-\series default\r
- and \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-footrulewidth\r
-\series default\r
- in the following way:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-renewcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-headrulewidth}{thickness}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-where thickness is a size in standard units like \r
-\family sans\r
-pt\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-mm\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- If you don't want a line, set the thickness to 0\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pt.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The lines can also be colored, but this requires more knowledge of LaTeX.\r
- If you really need this, have a look at the Internet or in sec.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-4.4 of the book \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "Mittelbach"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Several header/footer lines\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In case you need more than one text line as a header/footer, you can do\r
- this by adding a normal line break in the style definition.\r
- However, the default height of the header/footer is only the one of one\r
- text line.\r
- To expand the height, redefine the LaTeX length \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-headheight\r
-\series default\r
- or \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-footheight\r
-\series default\r
- in this entry in \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Lat\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Preamble\r
-\family default\r
-:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-setlength{\r
-\backslash\r
-headheight}{height}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-where height is a size in standard units.\r
- If you don't know which amount of space is needed for the height, define\r
- your header/footer and preview your document as a PDF.\r
- Then open the LaTeX logfile with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-La\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-TeX Log\r
-\family default\r
- and use the button \r
-\family sans\r
-Next\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Warning\r
-\family default\r
- to see if you can find a warning about the package \r
-\series bold\r
-fancyhdr\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! fancyhdr\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If there is such a warning, it contains the space that you need at least\r
- for your header/footer.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-This example\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This example demonstrates what can be done with custom header/footers.\r
- Don't use it for your document as it is just an example.\r
- This example consists of the following definition:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Header \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rightmark\r
-\series default\r
-, empty optional argument\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Center\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Header empty, empty optional argument\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Header empty, \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-leftmark\r
-\series default\r
- in the optional argument\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer empty, \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-thepage\r
-\series default\r
- in the optional argument\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Center\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer \r
-\family sans\r
-\series bold\r
-\color red\r
-LyX's user guide\r
-\family default\r
-\series default\r
-\color inherit\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Magic code:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\Upsilon=\frac{\sqrt[3]{\aleph}}{\spadesuit}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the optional argument\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Footer \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-Roman{page}\r
-\series default\r
-, empty optional argument\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-headrulewidth set to 2\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pt\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In principle you can use almost everything in headers/footers, except floats.\r
- For more specialized features, for example, thumb-indexes, see the manual\r
- of the \r
-\series bold\r
-fancyhdr\r
-\series default\r
- package, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "fancyhdr"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Newpage clearpage\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-pagestyle{headings}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-switches back to page style with the default headings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Previewing Snippets of your Document\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Instant preview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Preview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX allows you to generate previews of sections of your document on the\r
- fly so you can see how they will look in the final document without having\r
- to break your train of thought with viewing the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Prerequisites\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To get previews working, you need the LaTeX package \r
-\series bold\r
-preview-latex\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! preview-latex\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (on some systems named simply \r
-\series bold\r
-preview\r
-\series default\r
-) installed.\r
- If it is not already installed, you will find it in the TeX-catalogue,\r
- \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "TeXCatalogue"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or in the package manager of your LaTeX-system.\r
- You obtain prettier results if you install the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pnmcrop\r
-\family default\r
- from the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-netpbm\r
-\family default\r
- package; for LyX on Windows this program and also the LaTeX-package are\r
- automatically installed together with LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Enabling previews\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you would for example like to see in LyX your math formulas typeset by\r
- LaTeX, activate the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Display\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Graphics\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences \r
-\family default\r
-dialog under \r
-\family sans\r
-Look\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-feel\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Display\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Then set \r
-\family sans\r
-Instant\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Preview\r
-\family default\r
- to \r
-\family sans\r
-On\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Preview\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Size\r
-\family default\r
- is the multiplication factor for the size.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you would like to see everything but your math formulas typeset by LaTeX,\r
- set \r
-\family sans\r
-Instant\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Preview\r
-\family default\r
- to \r
-\family sans\r
-No\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-math\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Previews are generated when you load a document into LyX and when you finish\r
- editing an inset.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Previews of an already loaded document are not in every case immediately\r
- generated by activating the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Display\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Graphics\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Reopening the document will fix such problems.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Selected document parts\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Besides math there are other cases where you might like to see a preview,\r
- for example things that LyX cannot render like rotated parts or things\r
- that are not yet supported by LyX.\r
- To do this, insert a preview inset via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preview\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Insert or paste the stuff that you want to preview into this inset.\r
- The preview will be generated when the cursor is outside the preview inset.\r
- If you click on the preview, you can edit the previewed stuff.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-An example: To create rotated boxes, you use the LaTeX command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rotatebox\r
-\series default\r
- which is not yet supported by LyX.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rotatebox\r
-\series default\r
- is explained in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Rotated and Scaled Boxes\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Instead of the TeX Code boxes you want to see in LyX the final rotated\r
- boxes, for example to adjust the rotation angle to fit with the surrounding\r
- text.\r
- Therefore you create a preview inset and copy the text with the rotated\r
- boxes into it.\r
- Here is the result:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Preview\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is a line\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rotatebox[origin=r]{-60}{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Box Doublebox\r
-position "c"\r
-hor_pos "c"\r
-has_inner_box 0\r
-inner_pos "c"\r
-use_parbox 0\r
-use_makebox 0\r
-width "1in"\r
-special "width"\r
-height "1in"\r
-height_special "totalheight"\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-with rotated\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- framed text \r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-rotatebox[origin=lb]{60}{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=B$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and a formula.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Previewing works also for colors.\r
- In this example a special framed, colored box was created using the LaTeX\r
- command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fcolorbox\r
-\series default\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fcolorbox\r
-\series default\r
- is explained in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Colored Boxes\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Preview\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fboxrule 1mm \r
-\backslash\r
-fboxsep 1mm\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-This is text within a colored, framed box.\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If LyX does not show a preview, make sure that you enabled previews as described\r
- above and also make sure that TeX Code in the preview inset is valid and\r
- that you loaded the LaTeX packages in your document preamble that are required\r
- by the TeX Code.\r
- If LyX cannot create a preview, you will in most cases also not be able\r
- to view your document due to LaTeX errors.\r
- So if you have to use some TeX Code and don't know if it is correct, the\r
- preview inset is a nice method to check it without the need to view the\r
- whole document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-LaTeX source code\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can preview the LaTeX source of the whole document or parts of it.\r
- Use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-View\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Source\r
-\family default\r
- and a window will be shown where you can see the LaTeX-source code.\r
- The window shows the source of the whole paragraph in which the cursor\r
- currently sits.\r
- You can also select document parts in LyX's main window, then only this\r
- selection (when it is more than one paragraph) is shown as source code.\r
- To view the whole document as source, enable the corresponding option in\r
- the source view window.\r
- If you check \r
-\family sans\r
-Automatic update\r
-\family default\r
-, you can see the changes as you make them in LyX; but note that if you\r
- have several documents open, this will slow things down as LyX updates\r
- them all, not just the one which is open at the time.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Advanced Find and Replace\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Advanced-Find-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Replace\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Find\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Introduction\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The advanced find and replace feature of LyX allows for searching of complex,\r
- format-sensitive text segments and mathematics contents within LyX documents.\r
- It is an enhancement of the standard (quick) find and replace feature.\r
- The key-features are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Both searching of text and of mathematical formulas is allowed, where the\r
- latter is done by entering mathematics in the usual way; not only entire\r
- mathematical formulas are found, but also parts occurring within more complex\r
- formulas\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Search may be format-insensitive, so that the searched text is found in\r
- any context/style (standard text, section headings, notes, and even mathematics\r
-), or it may be format-sensitive, so that, for example, a word entered with\r
- a section heading will only be found within section headings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Search may be widened to a specific \r
-\emph on\r
-scope\r
-\emph default\r
-, i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-a set of files which may be all the children of the document being edited,\r
- all the open files, or all the manuals available from the \r
-\family sans\r
-Help\r
-\family default\r
- menu\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-Replace may optionally preserve capitalization, so that the replaced text\r
- capitalization is adapted to the matching text (i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-all lowercase, all uppercase, first letter uppercase followed by lowercase)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Basic usage\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The advanced find and replace feature is activated through the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Find & Replace\r
-\noun on\r
- (\r
-\noun default\r
-Advanced\r
-\noun on\r
-)\r
-\family default\r
-\noun default\r
- (shortcut \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "dialog-show findreplaceadv"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-toggle findreplaceadv"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- This opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-Advanced Find and Replace\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Searching for text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Enter into the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- LyX mini-editor a simple word, and search for occurrences of it by clicking\r
- on the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Next\r
-\family default\r
- button at the bottom of the dialog (or just press the \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- key).\r
- The entered word is found both in text mode and in math mode, and in emphasized\r
-, bold or normal face, and in both in section titles and in standard text.\r
- Pressing \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- repeatedly keeps searching forward while pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Shift+Return\r
-\family default\r
- searches backwards.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Case\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sensitive\r
-\family default\r
- option allows matches to occur only with the same case as entered in the\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Whole\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-words\r
-\family default\r
- option allows matches to occur only at word boundaries.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Searching for mathematics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Mathematical formulas, such as \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or something more complex like \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\frac{x^{2}}{1+x^{2}}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, may be searched for by typing them in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor.\r
- When searching for a formula, it is found both when it is alone and when\r
- it occurs in sub-formulas and nested parts of sub-formulas.\r
- For example the mentioned segments would be found in something like \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\frac{x^{2}}{\sqrt{\frac{x^{2}}{1+x^{2}}}}.$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Style-aware search\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-It is also possible to search for text with specific styles.\r
- This is done by switching to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- tab of the dialog and unchecking the \r
-\family sans\r
-Ignore format\r
-\family default\r
- option.\r
- This way, entering in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-a normal word and searching for it would not find instances of the word\r
- occurring in emphasized or boldface.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-an emphasized or boldface word and searching for it would find the respective\r
- instances with the same face only, and within the same text style only.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-a normal word in a section heading, and searching for it, would find occurrences\r
- of it only within section headings.\r
- Also, if the text to search is given an emphasized or bold face, in addition\r
- to a section style, then it is found only when occurring with the same\r
- style.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-a displayed formula will only find instances of this formula that are also\r
- displayed formulas (and not inline formulas).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Replace\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The entries made in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor can be replaced with entries made in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Replace\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-with\r
-\family default\r
- editor.\r
- In order to find the next occurrence and replace it, click on the \r
-\family sans\r
-Replace\r
-\family default\r
- button or alternatively press \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "break-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Shift+Return\r
-\family default\r
- while the cursor is in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Replace\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-with\r
-\family default\r
- editor.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can replace with fully-featured formatted LyX entries.\r
- Typical scenarios in which to use this capability might be (just to mention\r
- two):\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-replacing occurrences of a word with a customized formatted version of the\r
- same word, for example replacing occurrences of a name like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-func()\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with its typewriter version \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family typewriter\r
-func()\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-performing a notation rework of mathematical symbols, for example replacing\r
- occurrences of \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $R$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathbb{R}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (you may want to enable the \r
-\family sans\r
-Whole\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-words\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Case\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-sensitive\r
-\family default\r
- options and disable the \r
-\family sans\r
-Ignore format\r
-\family default\r
- option in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- tab, in order to avoid replacing all \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-R\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- letters occurring in normal text), or occurrences of \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x_{j}^{i}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x_{i,\, j}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, or occurrences of \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x[k]$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with \r
-\begin_inset Formula $x_{k}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Advanced usage\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There is a regular expression (regexp) based searching facility.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-A good explanation of regular expressions is given in this Wikipedia entry:\r
- \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-target "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- You can search for a regular expression by inserting a regexp inset into\r
- the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor.\r
- This is done with the context menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Insert Regular Expression\r
-\family default\r
- while the cursor is in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor.\r
- Characters entered within regexp insets are matched according to the regular\r
- expression matching rules\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Under the constraint that any (sub)expression must match a well-formed LyX\r
- segment, i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-when matching LaTeX code, no segments with unbalanced {} braces are allowed\r
- to match expressions.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, while text entered outside regexp insets is matched exactly against the\r
- same text in the document.\r
- You can cut and paste regexp-mode insets.\r
- Examples of using such a feature may be:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Searching for all fractions with a given denominator: for example, entering\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Find\r
-\family default\r
- editor the fraction \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\frac{.*}{1+x^{2}}$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (where the \r
-\begin_inset Formula $.*$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- on the numerator is the match-everything regular expression) finds all\r
- fractions with the given denominator.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Enumerate\r
-Searching for all text with a given style: for example, after unchecking\r
- the \r
-\family sans\r
-Ignore format\r
-\family default\r
- option from the \r
-\family sans\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- tab, entering a \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $.*$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series default\r
- regular expression and giving it an emphasized or bold face, finds all\r
- emphasized or bold face text respectively.\r
- Also, by inserting a \r
-\begin_inset Formula $.*$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- regular expression in a bullet or enumerated list or a section heading,\r
- you can find all bullet or enumerated lists or section headings.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Finally, references to (sub)expressions in regexp may be used as usual:\r
- Enclosing parts of the expression within round braces \r
-\begin_inset Formula $()$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, and referring back to them through \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\backslash1$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Formula $\backslash2$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, etc..\r
- For example, try searching with the regexp\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-[[:space:]]([[:alpha:]]+)[[:space:]]\r
-\backslash\r
-1[[:space:]]\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in order to find word repetitions, if there are any.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The usage of back references in the replaced text is not (yet) implemented.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Back references work both when occurring within the same regexp, and when\r
- occurring in multiple different regexps, where the numbering of back-referenced\r
- sub-expressions is absolute.\r
- That is,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Formula $\backslash1$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- always refers to the first occurrence of \r
-\begin_inset Formula $()$\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in all entered regexps.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Spell Checking\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Spellchecking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Spell checking\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX has a built-in spell checker.\r
- The menu\r
-\family sans\r
- Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Spellchecker\r
-\family default\r
-, the \r
-\family sans\r
-F7\r
-\family default\r
- key or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show spellchecker"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- start the spell checking from either the current cursor position or the\r
- beginning of the currently selected text.\r
- A sidebar will appear showing any incorrect (or unknown) word found, allowing\r
- you to edit and replace it in a second line.\r
- Whenever an unknown word is found, the word is highlighted and the text\r
- scrolled so that it is visible.\r
- In the spellchecker sidebar, there is a box showing suggestions for a correctio\r
-n, if any could be found.\r
- Clicking on one of the corrections will copy it to the \r
-\family sans\r
-Replacement\r
-\family default\r
- field, double-clicking directly invokes the replacement.\r
- Unknown but correctly typed words can be added to the personal dictionary.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-By default, the dictionary file used is determined by the document language\r
- that is set in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
- You can specify the language of a word in the spellchecker dialog by choosing\r
- a different one at the top of the dialog.\r
- LyX can correctly spell check documents containing multiple languages.\r
- This works if you have set the language of the text parts using the \r
-\family sans\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\r
-\family default\r
- dialog (\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show character"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) and have the spell checker dictionaries installed.\r
- LyX automatically switches to the appropriate dictionary file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-All spell-checker dictionaries supported by LyX can be downloaded from here:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://sourceforge.net/projects/lyxwininstaller/files/hunspell/\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-There are 2\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-files for each language.\r
- To install a dictionary, copy the 2\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-files into LyX's installation subfolder \r
-\family sans\r
-~\r
-\backslash\r
-Resources\r
-\backslash\r
-dicts\r
-\family default\r
- and restart LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Further Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Spellchecker\r
-\family default\r
- you can set the following things:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Spellchecker\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-engine Select the library LyX should use for spell checking.\r
- Depending on your platform, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-aspell\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-hunspell\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family typewriter\r
-enchant\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Enchant itself is a wrapper library having different configurable back-ends.\r
- Please consult the documentation or man-page of it to learn more.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
- are available.\r
- On Windows only \r
-\family typewriter\r
-hunspell\r
-\family default\r
- is available.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Alternative\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-language If this field is not empty, LyX will always use the given language\r
- for the spell checking, no matter what the document language is.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Escape\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-characters Allows you to add non-standard characters that the spell checker\r
- should escape, e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-German umlauts.\r
- This should normally not be needed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Accept\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-compound\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-words Prevents the spell checker from complaining about compounded words\r
- like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-passthrough\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Spellcheck\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-continuously Checks the spelling of your document as you type it.\r
- Misspelled words get underlined with a dotted red line.\r
- By right-clicking on an underlined word, suggestions from the spellchecker\r
- appear in a context menu.\r
- Choosing one of them will replace the misspelled word with the suggested\r
- word.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Spellcheck\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-notes\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-comments If enabled, the spelling of non-printed document content is checked\r
- as well.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Thesaurus\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Thesaurus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Thesaurus"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX provides a multilingual thesaurus.\r
- It uses the same thesaurus framework as LibreOffice, OpenOffice and Firefox\r
- (namely the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-MyThes\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-target "http://lingucomponent.openoffice.org/thesaurus.html"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- thesaurus library, which is included in LyX).\r
- Therefore, LyX can directly access OpenOffice thesaurus dictionaries, which\r
- are available for many languages.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This section describes how new dictionaries are installed and set up for\r
- the use with LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Setting up the thesaurus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family typewriter\r
-MyThes\r
-\family default\r
-\emph on\r
-/\r
-\emph default\r
-OpenOffice thesauri consist of two files per language: A file with the suffix\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-*.dat\r
-\emph default\r
- containing the data and an index file with the suffix \r
-\emph on\r
-*.idx\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- The standardized file names include the language code for the given language\r
- (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-en_US\r
-\family default\r
- for US English).\r
- For instance, the US English files are named:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-th_en_EN_v2.idx\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-th_en_EN_v2.dat\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you have LibreOffice or OpenOffice and its thesaurus installed on a Linux\r
- system, these files should be already on your system.\r
- On Windows you can choose in LyX's installer wich dictionaries should be\r
- installed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-All thesaurus dictionaries supported by LyX can be downloaded from here:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://sourceforge.net/projects/lyxwininstaller/files/thesaurus/\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-To install a dictionary, copy the 2\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-files into LyX's installation subfolder \r
-\family sans\r
-~\r
-\backslash\r
-Resources\r
-\backslash\r
-thes\r
-\family default\r
- and restart LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Using the thesaurus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To start the thesaurus, use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Thesaurus\r
-\family default\r
- or the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "thesaurus-entry"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- while the cursor is at the word you want to look up or while a word is\r
- selected.\r
- A dialog pops up showing you probably related words that you can use as\r
- a replacement.\r
- The suggestions are grouped into categories.\r
- Note that, for some languages (such as English), the thesaurus does not\r
- only show equivalent words (synonyms), but also generic terms (such as\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-organism\r
-\emph default\r
- for \r
-\emph on\r
-plant\r
-\emph default\r
-), related terms (such as \r
-\emph on\r
-political\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-theory\r
-\emph default\r
- for \r
-\emph on\r
-anarchistic\r
-\emph default\r
-), compounds (such as \r
-\emph on\r
-tree\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-diagram\r
-\emph default\r
-, if you look for \r
-\emph on\r
-tree\r
-\emph default\r
-) and opposites (antonyms) (such as \r
-\emph on\r
-girl\r
-\emph default\r
- for \r
-\emph on\r
-boy\r
-\emph default\r
-).\r
- Generic terms, related terms and antonyms are marked as such.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The language is automatically chosen from the language at the cursor, but\r
- you can also switch it in the dialog, as you can enter new words to look\r
- up directly there.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that the thesaurus cannot handle phrases (only compounds that are in\r
- the dictionary, such as the above \r
-\emph on\r
-tree diagram\r
-\emph default\r
-), and you have to use the so called lemma form, i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-the form that is used in the dictionaries (for many languages: first person\r
- singular indicative active for nouns, infinitive for verbs).\r
- For example, looking up the word form \r
-\emph on\r
-reporting\r
-\emph default\r
- yields no results, while results are shown for the word form \r
-\emph on\r
-report\r
-\emph default\r
-.\r
- Your best bet is to highlight only the relevant part of such a word (e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\emph on\r
-report\r
-\emph default\r
- in \r
-\emph on\r
-report\r
-\emph default\r
-s); then you will get suggestions without needing to adjust the query in\r
- the dialog, and also the replacement will probably be correct (as only\r
- the highlighted part will be replaced; thus the ending remains).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Change Tracking\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Change Tracking\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Change Tracking\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Change-Tracking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When you work on a document collaboratively it is extremely useful to be\r
- able to see changes that others have made highlighted in the document.\r
- You can then decide if you want to accept a change or not.\r
- This can be achieved by turning on change tracking in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Track\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Changes made in the document will then be highlighted by strokes and colors:\r
- \r
-\bar under\r
-\color blue\r
-underlined text\r
-\bar default\r
-\color inherit\r
- is an addition, \r
-\strikeout on\r
-\color blue\r
-canceled text\r
-\strikeout default\r
-\color inherit\r
- is a deletion.\r
- The color depends on the author that made the change.\r
- You can change the color in \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Look\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-feel\r
-\family default\r
-\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Colors\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Color ! Change tracking\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- The author and the date of the change are shown in LyX's status bar when\r
- the cursor is in changed text.\r
- The same information is shown when you use the toolbar button \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "changes-merge"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When change tracking is activated, you will see the review toolbar in LyX:\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar ! Review\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/ChangesToolbar.png\r
- scale 90\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The review toolbar as shown above contains the following buttons:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "changes-track"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Track\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "changes-output"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Show\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "change-next"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Jumps to the next change\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "change-accept"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Accept\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Change\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "change-reject"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Reject\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Change\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "changes-merge"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Merge\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "all-changes-accept"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Accept\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-All\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "all-changes-reject"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Reject\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-All\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "note-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Note\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Ly\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "note-next"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Next\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Not all changes are (yet) visualized, especially no format changes like\r
- from \r
-\emph on\r
-normal\r
-\emph default\r
- to \r
-\emph on\r
-bold\r
-\emph default\r
- font or \r
-\emph on\r
-Standard\r
-\emph default\r
- to \r
-\emph on\r
-Description\r
-\emph default\r
- paragraph.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The review toolbar helps you to accept, reject, or merge changes – highlight\r
- the change and press one of the desired toolbar buttons.\r
- When you merge changes, a window pops up showing you information about\r
- the next change after the current cursor position.\r
- So you don't need to highlight a certain change.\r
- Within the merge window you can decide to accept or reject changes and\r
- step to the next change.\r
- This way you can jump through all the changes in the document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The toolbar has two buttons to handle notes because notes are often important\r
- to describe a change.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To show the changes made in the output you need the LaTeX package \r
-\series bold\r
-dvipost\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! dvipost\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- installed.\r
- You will find it in the TeX Catalogue, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "TeXCatalogue"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or in the package manager of your LaTeX-system.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Comparison of Documents\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Comparison-of-Documents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Comparison of documents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can compare two different LyX files via the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Compare\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The comparison result is a LyX file with change tracking enabled showing\r
- the differences.\r
- In the comparison dialog you can select from which document LyX should\r
- take the document settings for the resulting difference file with the option\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Copy\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Document\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-from\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Enable\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-change\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-tracking\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-features\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-the\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-output\r
-\family default\r
- enables the change tracking option \r
-\family sans\r
-Show\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Changes\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\family default\r
- to visualize the differences also in the PDF output of the difference file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-International Support\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-International support\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This section describes how to use LyX with any language you want.\r
- For some languages there are special Wiki-pages that explain how to set\r
- up LyX to use them: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "Arabic,Armenian,Farsi,Hebrew,Latvian,Lithuanian,Mongolian,Vietnamese"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Besides languages, LyX also supports phonetic symbols, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Special-Character"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Language Options\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Language ! Options\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Language\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Language\r
-\family default\r
- dialog lets you set \r
-\family roman\r
-the language, the quote style and character encoding\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Under \r
-\family sans\r
-Encoding\r
-\family default\r
- you can choose the character encoding map you want to use for LaTeX export.\r
- The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- is the preferred choice and works well in most cases.\r
- For details about the different encoding options see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Language-encodings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Keyboard mapping configuration\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Keyboard-mapping"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you have for example a U.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-S.-style keyboard and want to write in a language other than English, you\r
- can use an alternate keymap.\r
- For example, if you want to write in Italian, you can configure LyX to\r
- use an Italian keymap.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Keyboard/Mouse\r
-\family default\r
- dialog allows you to choose up to two keyboard mappings, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Keyboard-Map"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- You can choose primary and secondary keyboard languages and then select\r
- which one you want to use.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Finally, you may just want to change a few key mappings or create an entirely\r
- different keymap (for Vulcan, for instance).\r
- You may, for example, normally write in Italian on a U.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-S.-style keyboard but want to include an occasional quotation in German.\r
- In such a case, you can write your own keyboard mapping or modify an existing\r
- one to support the characters you want.\r
- This and many other customizations are explained in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-\start_of_appendix\r
-The User Interface\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "chap:The-User-Interface"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This appendix lists all the available menus and describes their functionality.\r
- It is designed as a quick reference if you are searching for a special\r
- topic inside the user's guide.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The File Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! File\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Under the \r
-\family sans\r
-File\r
-\family default\r
- menu are the basic operations in addition to some more advanced operations.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-New\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Creates a new document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-New from Template\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu entry prompts you for a template to use.\r
- Selecting a template will automatically set certain layout features for\r
- the document, features you would otherwise need to change manually.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Open\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens a document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Open Recent\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The submenu shows a list of the recently opened files.\r
- Click there on a file to open it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Close\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Closes the current document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Close All\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Closes all opened documents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Save\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Saves the actual document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Save As\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Saves the actual document under a new name to create a copy.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Save All\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Saves all opened documents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Revert to saved\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Reloads the actual document from disk.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Version Control\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This is used when multiple people are working on the same document or when\r
- one person wants to keep a careful archive of changes.\r
- It is described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Version Control in LyX\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Import\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can import files from older LyX-versions, HTML-files, LaTeX-files,\r
- NoWeb-files, plain text files and comma separated, table-like text files\r
- (CSV).\r
- The files will be imported as a new LyX-document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-When using the menu entry \r
-\family sans\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\family default\r
-, line breaks in the text will start a new paragraph; when using the menu\r
- entry \r
-\family sans\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Text,\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Join\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lines\r
-\family default\r
-, consecutive lines of text will be imported to one big paragraph.\r
- A new paragraph will begin when there is a blank line in the file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Export\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Export"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can export your document to various file formats.\r
- The resulting files are placed in the directory of your LyX-file.\r
- The menu entries are not the same on all installations.\r
- They depend on the programs found by LyX during its configuration.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is a list of all available entries; some of them are explained in detail\r
- in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Output-file-formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-CJK\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-L\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-yX format of the special LyX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1.4.x versions for Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK)\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Since LyX 1.5.0 CJK support has been fully integrated into LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-DocBook text file with code in the language SGML that is used for the markup\r
- language \r
-\family typewriter\r
-DocBook\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-DocBook\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(XML) text file with code in the language XML that is used for the markup\r
- language \r
-\family typewriter\r
-DocBook\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-DraftDVI LaTeX's native DVI-format.\r
- This format is not suitable if you have special characters or spaces in\r
- files paths or file names in your document.\r
- LyX use this format internally as a pre-stage to export to \r
-\family sans\r
-DVI\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-DVI DVI-format that also allows the useage of special characters or spaces\r
- in files paths or file names\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-DVI\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX) DVI-format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
-; supports Unicode and the usage of non-TeX fonts; \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- not all DVI-viewers are currently able to display this output format properly.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Graphviz\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Dot text file with code in the programming language \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Dot\r
-\family default\r
- which is used to draw visualizations of graphs via the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Graphviz\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-HTML HTML-format (the HTML-converter is a third-party product and may not\r
- work in all cases)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-HTML\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(MS\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Word) HTML-format specialized so that the result can be imported to \r
-\family sans\r
-MS Word\r
-\family default\r
-; as a consequence of this formulas will be embedded as bitmap fonts and\r
- not in the format \r
-\family sans\r
-MathML\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\family default\r
-LuaT\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-eX\r
-\family sans\r
-) \r
-\family default\r
-text file with the LaTeX source that is compilable with the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pdflatex)\r
-\family default\r
- text file with the LaTeX source, additionally all images used in the document\r
- will be converted to a format that is readable by the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pdflatex\r
-\family default\r
- program (GIF, JPG, PDF, PNG)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(plain)\r
-\family default\r
- text file with the LaTeX source code, additionally all images used in the\r
- document will be converted to the EPS-format, only this format is readable\r
- by the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-latex\r
-\family default\r
- program\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(\r
-\family default\r
-XeT\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-eX\r
-\family sans\r
-) \r
-\family default\r
-text file with the LaTeX source that is compilable with the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-XeTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-LilyPond\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-book\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(La\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-TeX) text file with the LaTeX source and also code in the syntax of the\r
- music notation software \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LilyPond\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-L\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-yX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Archive\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(zip|tar.gz) creates a zip-archive or a tar.gz-archive file (depending upon\r
- your system) that contains your document and all files that are necessary\r
- to compile it (images, child documents, BibTeX files, etc.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-L\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-yX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-z.y.x LyX-Document in a format readable by the LyX versions z.y.x (\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-z\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-y\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- represent the version number)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-L\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-yXHTML HTML-format using LyX's internal XHTML engine\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-NoWeb text file with code in the format of the literate programming language\r
-\family typewriter\r
- NoWeb\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-OpenDocument OpenDocument-formatted file, to be opened with \r
-\family sans\r
-LibreOffice, OpenOffice, KOffice, Abiword\r
-\family default\r
-, etc.\r
- (The OpenDocument-converter is a third-party product and may not work in\r
- all cases)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(dvipdfm)\r
-\family default\r
- PDF-format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvipdfm\r
-\family default\r
-, produces internally a DVI-file which is then converted to a PDF-file\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX)\r
-\family default\r
- PDF-format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
-, produces PDF-files directly\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pdflatex)\r
-\family default\r
- PDF-format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-pdflatex\r
-\family default\r
-, produces PDF-files directly\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ps2pdf)\r
-\family default\r
- PDF-format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-ps2pdf\r
-\family default\r
-, produces internally a PostScript-file which is then converted to a PDF-file\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(XeT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX)\r
-\family default\r
- PDF-format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-XeTeX\r
-\family default\r
-, produces PDF-files directly\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\family default\r
- text format\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ps2ascii)\r
-\family default\r
- text format, the document will first be converted to Postscript format\r
- and then exported as text using the program \r
-\family sans\r
-ps2ascii\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Postscript\r
-\family default\r
- PostScript format using the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvips\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Sweave text file with the LaTeX source and also code in the statistical\r
- programming language \r
-\family typewriter\r
-R\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Using the \r
-\family typewriter\r
-R\r
-\family default\r
--function \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Sweave\r
-\family default\r
- it is possible to use \r
-\family typewriter\r
-R\r
-\family default\r
--commands in LaTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If one of the menu entries \r
-\family sans\r
-DVI\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pdflatex)\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Postscript\r
-\family default\r
- is missing, you need to update your LaTeX installation.\r
- After updating you have to reconfigure LyX, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Reconfiguration of LyX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Print\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With this menu entry you can print your document to a file in PostScript\r
- format or send it to a printer.\r
- The printer will also use the document in PostScript format.\r
- The conversion to PostScript is done in the background by LyX using the\r
- program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For more information have a look at section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Printing-the-File"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Fax\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu entry will only appear if you have a fax program installed (on\r
- Windows you additionally need to register its program path to LyX's PATH\r
- prefix, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Paths"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- With this menu entry you can send your document to a fax program like \r
-\family typewriter\r
-hylapex\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family typewriter\r
-kdeprintfax\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The default format of the sent file is PostScript.\r
- The format can be changed in LyX's preferences as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Converters"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-New and Close Window\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens or closes a new instance of LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Exit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Prompts you to save all unsaved documents and then exits.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The Edit Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! Edit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Undo and Redo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Undo-and-Redo"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Cut, Copy, Paste, Paste Recent, Paste Special\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Basic-Editing-Features"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Select Whole Inset\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Selects the content of the inset in which the cursor currently is.\r
- If the cursor is outside an inset, the whole document will be selected.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Select All\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Selects the whole document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Find & Replace (Quick)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Basic-Editing-Features"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Find & Replace (Advanced)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Advanced-Find-and"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Move Paragraph Up/Down\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This shifts the paragraph in which the cursor currently is one paragraph\r
- up or down.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Text Style\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Paragraph Settings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paragraph ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Enables you to set the paragraph alignment, line spacing and label width.\r
- These settings only affect the paragraph in which the cursor is currently\r
- in.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also prevent the first line of the paragraph being indented if you\r
- have chosen to separate paragraphs with \r
-\family sans\r
-Indentation\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Table\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu only appears if the cursor is inside a table.\r
- It allows you to create multicolumn and multirow cells, add or remove borders\r
- of a cell and to set the vertical alignment of the cell.Table Settings and\r
- Math\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These two menus are only fully active if the cursor is inside a table or\r
- a formula.\r
- Here you can change the properties of tables and formulas.\r
- The properties of tables are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Tables"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, the properties of formulas in chapter\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Mathematical-Formulas"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Increase/Decrease List Depth\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These menu entries are only active if the cursor is in an environment that\r
- can be nested.\r
- They increase/decrease the environment nesting level as explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nesting"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Numbering-depth"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The View Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! View\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-At the bottom of the \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
- menu the opened documents are listed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Open/Close all Insets\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens/closes all insets in your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Unfold/Fold Math Macros\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Unfolds/folds the current math macro.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Math macros are described in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-View Source\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens a window showing the source code of the actual document, as described\r
- in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-View Messages\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens a window showing console messages.\r
- This is useful for debugging LyX (i.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-e., hunt for errors in the program) or to see what is going on in the background\r
- while LaTeX is processing the document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-View\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-[<output format>]\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu entry generates the output in the format you have specified as\r
- default output format for the document (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Doc-Output"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) or in the LyX preferences (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) and opens it in an appropriate viewer.\r
- The viewer can be set or changed in the preferences (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Viewer\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The default viewers are set by LyX when it is first configured.\r
- The default output format is \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pdflatex)\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-View (Other Formats)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With this menu you can view your document in alternative output formats.\r
- The menu contains a list of available formats in which you can view the\r
- actual document with an external program.\r
- The menu entries are not the same on all installations — it depends on\r
- the LaTeX programs that are found when LyX was configured.\r
- All possible formats are listed in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Export"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- You should at least see the menu entry \r
-\family sans\r
-DVI\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- If it is missing, you need to update or repair your LaTeX installation.\r
- After updating you have to reconfigure LyX (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Reconfiguration of LyX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Invoking a view menu will start a viewer program.\r
- The viewer can be set or changed in the preferences (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Viewer\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- The default viewers are set by LyX when it is first configured.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Update\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-[<output format>]\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu entry allows you to update the view with your latest changes (in\r
- the default output format) without opening a new viewer window.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Update (Other Formats)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With this menu you can update the view of alternative output formats of\r
- your document without opening a new viewer window.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-View Master Document\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu item is only visible if your document is included to another document,\r
- which is then its \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-master\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Child Documents\r
-\emph default\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for more information on this topic).\r
- This item allows you to view the master document from within its child.\r
- That is, if you are working on a child document which is a chapter of a\r
- book, \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Master\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Document\r
-\family default\r
- generates the output of the whole book, while \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
- will just output the chapter alone.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The format used by this function is the default output format as specified\r
- in the document settings (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Doc-Output"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) or in the preferences (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Update Master Document\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu item is only visible if your document is included to another document,\r
- which is then its \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-master\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Child Documents\r
-\emph default\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for more information on this topic).\r
- This item allows you to update the view of a master document from within\r
- its child without the need to switch to the master document itself.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The format used by this function is the default output format as specified\r
- in the document settings (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Doc-Output"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) or in the preferences (menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format\r
-\family default\r
-; see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Split View\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Split\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-View\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-into\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Left\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Right\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Half\r
-\family default\r
- will split LyX's main window vertically while \r
-\family sans\r
-Split\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-View\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-into\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Upper\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-and\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Lower\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Half\r
-\family default\r
- will split it horizontally.\r
- This allows you to view documents at the same time to compare them, or\r
- to view the same document, but at different positions.\r
- You can even split the main window several times to view, for example,\r
- three or more documents at the same time.\r
- To close a split view, use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Close\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Current\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Close Current View\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Closes a split view.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Fullscreen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Using this menu entry or pressing F11 removes the menu bar and all toolbars\r
- so that you will see nothing but your text.\r
- It furthermore displays LyX's main window fullscreen.\r
- To return from fullscreen to the normal view, press F11, or right-click\r
- and turn off the fullscreen mode in the context menu.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Toolbars\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Toolbars"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In this menu entry you can set the appearance of the different toolbars.\r
- All toolbars and the \r
-\family sans\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Buffer\r
-\family default\r
- can be turned on and off.\r
- The \r
-\emph on\r
-on\r
-\emph default\r
- state is denoted in the menu with a checkmark.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Table\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Math,\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Macros,\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Review\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Panels\r
-\family default\r
- toolbars can additionally be set to the state \r
-\emph on\r
-automatic\r
-\emph default\r
-, denoted in the menu with the suffix \r
-\family sans\r
-(auto)\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In the \r
-\emph on\r
-on\r
-\emph default\r
- state the toolbar is permanently shown; in the \r
-\emph on\r
-automatic\r
-\emph default\r
- state the toolbar is only shown when the cursor is in a certain environment\r
- or when a certain feature is enabled.\r
- That means that the review toolbar will only be shown if change tracking\r
- is activated, the math and table toolbars are only shown if the cursor\r
- is inside a formula or table respectively.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX's toolbars and their buttons are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Toolbars"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The Insert Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! Insert\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Math\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts math constructs that are explained in chapter\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Mathematical-Formulas"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Special Character\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Special-Character"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can insert the following characters:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Symbols Opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-Symbols\r
-\family default\r
- dialog which allows you to insert any character that can be output by your\r
- LaTeX system.\r
- By default groups of characters are displayed in character categories;\r
- the available characters depend on the LaTeX-packages you have installed.\r
- You can get a complete display by checking \r
-\family sans\r
-Display\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-all\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Not all characters will be visible in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Symbols\r
-\family default\r
- dialog because none of the screen fonts that you can set in the preferences\r
- dialog (see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Screen-Fonts"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) can display every character.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Ellipsis Inserts an ellipsis: \SpecialChar \ldots{}\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-End\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-of\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Sentence Inserts an end of sentence period as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Abbreviations"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Ordinary\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Quote Inserts this quote: ", no matter what quote style you selected in\r
- the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Language\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Single\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Quote Inserts a single quote in the quotation marks style selected in the\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Language\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Protected\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Hyphen Inserts a hyphen that is protected from line breaks: \SpecialChar \nobreakdash-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Breakable\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Slash Inserts a slash where a line break can also occur: \SpecialChar \slash{}\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Menu\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Separator Inserts the menu separator sign: \SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Phonetic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Symbols \r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Phonetic symbols\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Language ! Phonetic symbols\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Inserts a box where you can insert symbols from the International Phonetic\r
- Alphabet (IPA) and opens a toolbar which provides a large set of these\r
- symbols.\r
- To use this feature you must have the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-tipa\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! tipa\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- installed.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-More information about this feature can be found in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Linguistics\r
-\emph default\r
- manual (\r
-\family sans\r
-Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Specific Manuals\r
-\family default\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Formatting\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens a submenu with the following options:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Superscript Inserts a superscript: test\r
-\begin_inset script superscript\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-a, b\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Subscript Inserts a subscript: test\r
-\begin_inset script subscript\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-3x\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Protected\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space Inserts a protected space as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Protected-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Inter-word\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space Inserts an inter-word space as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Inter-word-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Thin\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space Inserts a thin space as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Thin-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Horizontal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space Inserts horizontal space as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Horizontal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line Inserts a horizontal line as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Horizontal-Lines"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Vertical\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Space Inserts vertical space as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Vertical-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Phantom Inserts a Phantom space as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Phantom-Space"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Hyphenation\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Point Inserts a hyphenation point as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Hyphenation"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Ligature\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break Inserts a ligature break as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Ligatures"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Ragged\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Line\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break Inserts a forced line break as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Forced-Line-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Justified\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break Inserts a forced line break that right justifies the remaining text\r
- as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Forced-Line-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-New\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page Inserts a forced page break as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Forced-Page-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Page\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Break Inserts a forced page break that shares the extra space among paragraph\r
- breaks instead of leaving it at the bottom of the page, as described in\r
- section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Forced-Page-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Clear\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page Inserts a clear page break as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Clear-Page-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Clear\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Double\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Page Inserts a clear doublepage break as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Clear-Page-Breaks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-List/TOC\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Various lists can be inserted with this menu entry.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-of Contents\r
-\family default\r
-, the \r
-\family sans\r
-List of Algorithms\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-List of Figures\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-List of Tables\r
-\family default\r
- are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:toc"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Index List\r
-\family default\r
- is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Index"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\family default\r
- is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nomenclature"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and the \r
-\family sans\r
-BibTeX Bibliography\r
-\family default\r
- is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Bibliography-databases"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Float\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To insert floats, as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Floats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and in detail the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Floats\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To insert notes, described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Notes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Branch\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a branch inset, if any, and allowing you to create and insert a\r
- new branch.\r
- Branches are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Branches"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Custom Insets\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts document class-specific insets.\r
- Such insets only exist if they are defined in the layout file for a certain\r
- document class.\r
- An example is the document class \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-article (Elsevier)\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- with three custom insets.\r
- The section \r
-\emph on\r
-Flex insets and InsetLayout\r
-\emph default\r
- in \r
-\emph on\r
-Installing New Document Classes, The Layout file format \r
-\emph default\r
-of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual explains how custom insets are defined.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-External Material\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu entry allows you to insert or include the contents of other files\r
- in your document.\r
- For more information see chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-External Document Parts\r
-\emph default\r
- of the Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Box\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Boxes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a box in a certain style.\r
- Boxes are described in detail in the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Boxes\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Citation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-Citation\r
-\family default\r
- dialog as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Cross-Reference\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a \r
-\family sans\r
-cross-reference\r
-\family default\r
- as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Label\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a \r
-\family sans\r
-label\r
-\family default\r
- as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Caption\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Captions\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Longtables ! Caption\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a caption in a float or longtable.\r
- Floats are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Floats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-; captions in longtables are described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Longtable Captions\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Index Entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts an index entry as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Index"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Nomenclature Entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a nomenclature entry as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Nomenclature"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Table\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens a dialog allowing you to specify the rows and columns of the table.\r
- Tables are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Tables"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and in detail in the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Tables\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Graphics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-Graphics\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
- Graphics are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Graphics"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-URL\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a URL as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:URLs"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Hyperlinks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a hyperlink as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Hyperlinks"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Footnote\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a footnote as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Footnotes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Marginal Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a marginal note as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Marginal-Notes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Short Title\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a short title as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Short-Titles"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-TeX Code\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a TeX Code box as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:TeX-Code-Boxes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Program Listing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Program listings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a program listings box.\r
- Program listings are explained in the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Program Code Listings\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Date\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts the actual date.\r
- The format depends on the date format of the language that is used for\r
- LyX's menus.\r
- LyX offers various ways to insert a date which are explained and also compared\r
- in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-External Material\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Preview\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Inserts a preview inset as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The Navigate Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! Navigate\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu lists the existing chapters, sections, figures, tables, etc.\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-of the current document.\r
- This allows you to navigate easily through your document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Bookmarks\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With this menu entry you are able to define your own bookmarks.\r
- This is useful when you are working on a large document and often have\r
- to jump, for example, between section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.5 and 6.3.\r
- To create bookmarks for this example, go to section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-2.5 and use the submenu \r
-\family sans\r
-Save\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bookmark\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Then go to section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-6.3 and use \r
-\family sans\r
-Save\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bookmark\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-2.\r
- Now you can jump easily between these sections by using the menu or by\r
- the key bindings \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "bookmark-goto 1"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "bookmark-goto 2"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.You can also use bookmarks to jump between several opened documents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The saved bookmarks are valid till the document is closed.\r
- The submenu \r
-\family sans\r
-Clear\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Bookmarks\r
-\family default\r
- allows you to clear bookmarks while the submenu \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Back\r
-\family default\r
- jumps to the position in the document where you recently changed something.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Next Note, Change, Cross-reference\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Jump to the next note, change, or cross-reference after the current cursor\r
- position.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Go to Label\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Only active if the cursor is in front of a cross-reference.\r
- Sets the cursor before the referenced label.\r
- (It is the same as if you right-click on a cross-reference box and use\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Go\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Label)\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Forward Search\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Allows you to jump directly to the corresponding text part in the output,\r
- see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Forward\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-search\r
-\emph default\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for a detailed description.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The Document Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! Document\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Change Tracking\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Change Tracking is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Change-Tracking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX Log\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-After running LaTeX by viewing or exporting a document, this menu will be\r
- enabled.\r
- It shows the logfile of the LaTeX-program used.\r
- You can go to the next error or the next warning, search, copy something\r
- to the clipboard or update the view.\r
- With the help of the logfile experts can find in it reasons for LaTeX-errors.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Outline\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens the Outline window as described in sections\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Navigating"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Table-of-Contents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Start Appendix Here\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Sets the start of the appendices of the document at the current cursor position\r
- as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Appendices"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Compressed\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Un/compresses the current document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The document settings are described in appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:The-Document-Settings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The Tools Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! Tools\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Spellchecker\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Spell checking is explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Spellchecking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Thesaurus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The thesaurus is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Thesaurus"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Statistics\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Word count\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Character count\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Returns the number of the words and characters in the actual document or\r
- the highlighted document part.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Check T\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-ChkTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Generates with the help of the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-ChkTeX\r
-\family default\r
- a log of possible LaTeX-errorsand displays it in a dialog.\r
- This feature is not available on Windows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-T\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX Information\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-TeX Information\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Shows you a list of the document classes and styles installed in your LaTeX-syst\r
-em.\r
- Use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Show\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-path\r
-\family default\r
- to see the full filename paths.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Compare\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Compare\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens a dialog to compare LyX files as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Comparison-of-Documents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Reconfigure\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LyX ! Reconfigure|see\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Reconfiguration of LyX\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Reconfiguration of LyX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Reconfigures LyX; that is, LyX looks for LaTeX-packages and programs it\r
- needs; see also section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Preferences\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Opens the \r
-\family sans\r
-Preferences\r
-\family default\r
- dialog as described in detail in appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:The-Preferences-dialog"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-The Help Menu\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Menu ! Help\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This menu lists the documentation files of LyX in the language of LyX's\r
- menus.\r
- If a file is not available in this language, the English version will be\r
- listed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The menu \r
-\family sans\r
-LaTeX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Configuration\r
-\family default\r
- shows a LyX-document with information about the LaTeX-packages and classes\r
- found by LyX (see also section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:LaTeX-Setup"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The menu \r
-\family sans\r
-About\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Ly\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\family default\r
- gives information about the copyright, the credits and the LyX version\r
- you are using.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Toolbars\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Toolbars"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-How to show or hide toolbars is explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Toolbars"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-It is also possible to define custom toolbars.\r
- This is described in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Standard Toolbar\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar ! Standard\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/StandardToolbar.png\r
- width 100col%\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The standard toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following\r
- buttons:\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-setlength{\r
-\backslash\r
-LTleft}{0pt}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-This is necessary to left align the following longtables.\r
- See the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for more information.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="1" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/ToolbarEnvBox.png\r
- clip\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-pull-down box for the environments\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace -10mm\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\align left\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="22" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-new"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-New\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "file-open"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Open\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-write"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Save\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show print"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Print\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show spellchecker"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Spellchecker\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "undo"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Undo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "redo"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Redo\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "cut"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cut\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "copy"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Copy\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "paste"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paste\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show findreplace"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Replace\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(Quick)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-toggle findreplaceadv"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Find\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-&\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Replace\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(Advanced)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "bookmark-goto 0"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Bookmarks\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Navigate Back\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "font-emph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Emphasize text, function of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\family default\r
- dialog\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "font-noun"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Set text to noun style, function of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\family default\r
- dialog\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "textstyle-apply"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Format text using the current settings in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\family default\r
- dialog\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-mode"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Inline\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Formula\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Graphics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "tabular-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Table\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-toggle toc"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toggle outline window on/off, \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Outline\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "toolbar-toggle math"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toggle math toolbar on/off\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "toolbar-toggle table"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toggle table toolbar on/off\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Extra Toolbar\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar ! Extra\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/ExtraToolbar.png\r
- width 100col%\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The extra toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following\r
- buttons:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="25" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Default\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout Enumerate"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Numbered list\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout Itemize"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Itemized list\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout List"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-List\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout Description"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Description list\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "depth-increment"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Increase\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-List\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Depth\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "depth-decrement"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Decrease\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-List\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Depth\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "float-insert figure"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Figure\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "float-insert table"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Table\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "label-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Label\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Cross-Reference\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset citation"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Citation\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "index-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Index\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "nomencl-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Entry\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "footnote-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Footnote\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "marginalnote-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Marginal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "note-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Note\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-L\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-yX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Note\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "box-insert Frameless"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Box\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "href-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Hyperlink\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "ert-insert"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-T\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Code\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "math-macro newmacroname newcommand"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Macro\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show-new-inset include"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Child\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Document\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "dialog-show character"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Text\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Customized\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "layout-paragraph"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Paragraph\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "thesaurus-entry"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Thesaurus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-View/Update Toolbar\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar ! View / Update\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename clipart/ViewToolbar.png\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The view/update toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following\r
- buttons:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace defskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top">\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-view"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-View\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-update"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Update\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "master-buffer-view"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Master\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Document\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "master-buffer-update"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Update\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Master\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Document\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "icon"\r
-arg "buffer-toggle-output-sync"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Synchronize with Output\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/view-others.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-View (Other Formats)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/update-others.png\r
- scale 85\r
- groupId toolbarbuttons\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-*\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Update (Other Formats)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-</lyxtabular>\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-* These icons might look different for you if you do not use the default\r
- icon set.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Other Toolbars\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The change tracking toolbar is explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Change-Tracking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, the table toolbar\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar ! Table\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual and the math macro toolbar\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Toolbar ! Macro\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-The Document Settings\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "chap:The-Document-Settings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Document ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Setting\r
-\family default\r
-s dialog contains submenus to set properties for the whole document and\r
- is called with the menu\r
-\family sans\r
- Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- You can save your document settings as default with the\r
-\family sans\r
- Save as Document Defaults\r
-\family default\r
- button in any dialog.\r
- This will create a template named \r
-\family typewriter\r
-defaults.lyx\r
-\family default\r
- which is automatically loaded by LyX when you create a new document without\r
- using a template.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The button \r
-\family sans\r
-Use Class Defaults\r
-\family default\r
- resets the document settings to the default of the document class.\r
- This affects mostly class options, the page layout and Numbering & TOC.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The different submenus of the dialog are explained in the following sections.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Document Class\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you set the document class, class options, a graphics driver, and a\r
- master document.\r
- Document classes are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Document-Classes"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the button \r
-\family sans\r
-Local\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Layout\r
-\family default\r
- you can load you own layout-file, that is not in LyX's \r
-\emph on\r
-layouts\r
-\emph default\r
- folder and thus not recognized by LyX as a layout for a document class.\r
- For more about layout-files, see the chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Installing New Document Classes, Types of Layout Files\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- Handbook.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some classes use special class options by default.\r
- If this is the case, they are listed in the field \r
-\family sans\r
-Predefined\r
-\family default\r
- and you can decide to use them or not.\r
- If you do not know exactly what the default class options are for, it is\r
- recommended you leave them untouched.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Graphics driver\r
-\family default\r
- is used for LaTeX's graphics, color and page layout packages.\r
- If using \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
-, the default driver for the LaTeX-packages is used.\r
- It is recommended that you use the default unless you know what you are\r
- doing.\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-When you want to use one of the following drivers\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-dvi2ps, dvialw, dvilaser, dvitops, psprint, pubps, ln\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-you first have to activate them in your LaTeX distribution, see section\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-Driver support\r
-\emph default\r
- in \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/graphics/grfguide.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Specifying a \r
-\family sans\r
-Master\r
-\family default\r
- document is necessary if the current document is a child or subdocument.\r
- The master document will be used by LyX in the background if the child\r
- document is opened without its master.\r
- This way child documents are always compilable.\r
- More about master and child documents is explained in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Child Documents\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There is also an option to suppress the date and one to use the LaTeX-package\r
- \r
-\series bold\r
-refstyle\r
-\series default\r
- instead of \r
-\series bold\r
-prettyref\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! prettyref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! refstyle\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for cross-references, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Cross-References"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Child Documents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This submenu is only visible when your document includes child documents.\r
- Please refer to the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Child\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Documents\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Modules\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Modules are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Modules"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Local Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-See section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Local-Layout"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for a description.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Fonts\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The document font settings are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Fonts-and-Text"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Text Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can specify if paragraphs should be separated by \r
-\family sans\r
-Indentation\r
-\family default\r
- or by \r
-\family sans\r
-Vertical space\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Line\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-spacing\r
-\family default\r
- and whether it should be a \r
-\family sans\r
-Two-column\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-document\r
-\family default\r
- can also be specified here.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note that LyX will not show two columns or the specified line spacing on\r
- screen.\r
- That would be impractical, often unreadable, and is not part of the WYSIWYM\r
- concept.\r
- However, it will be as you specified in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Page Layout\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-This dialog is described in sections\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Paper-Size,-Orientation"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Document-Layout"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Page Margins\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can adjust the page margins as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Margins"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Language-encodings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Language ! Encoding\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The document language and quote styles are set here.\r
- The encoding specifies how the document content is exported to LaTeX (the\r
- LyX file is always encoded in utf8).\r
- All characters that cannot be encoded using the specified encoding will\r
- be exported as LaTeX-commands (this can fail if a LaTeX-command is not\r
- known for a particular character).\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The known commands are defined in a text file (\r
-\emph on\r
-unicodesymbols\r
-\emph default\r
-).\r
- You can add commands for unknown symbols to that file yourself, see the\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual for details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Language Default\r
-\family default\r
-, LyX determines the encoding of a text part from the language of this text.\r
- If the document contains text in more than one language you may get more\r
- than one encoding in the LaTeX file.\r
- If you do not use this option then the complete document will always use\r
- exactly one encoding.\r
- Checking this option is the preferred setting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-LyX also supports Unicode output, which is particularly useful if you need\r
- lots of special symbols or non-alphabetic scripts, respectively.\r
- If you want to use this (and your LaTeX installation supports Unicode),\r
- choose one of the four utf8 variants from the list below.\r
- Unfortunately the Unicode support of standard LaTeX is quite incomplete,\r
- so it is not uncommon that a file with lots of Unicode symbols works fine\r
- with \r
-\family sans\r
-Language Default\r
-\family default\r
- (when LyX uses its list of known LaTeX-commands), but does not work with\r
- a fixed utf8 encoding (when the list of known LaTeX-commands is not used,\r
- because all Unicode symbols can be encoded in utf8).\r
- The situation is much better with XeTeX and LuaTeX, two new alternative\r
- engines to standard LaTeX.\r
- Both engines support Unicode natively.\r
- LyX now also supports these two engines (via the output formats \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(XeTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X)\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X)\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-DVI\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(LuaTeX)\r
-\family default\r
-, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Output-file-formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
- So if you are using many special or accented characters and \r
-\family sans\r
-Language Default\r
-\family default\r
- fails, you might try out one of these new engines.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-package\r
-\family default\r
- determines the LaTeX-package that is used for hyphenation and the translation\r
- of strings like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Part\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The possible settings are:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Default uses the language package that is selected in\r
-\family sans\r
- Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Language Settings\r
-\family default\r
- (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Prefs-Language"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Automatic selects the most suitable language package for the view/export\r
- format you will use.\r
- In many cases this will be \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! babel\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- If the newer package \r
-\series bold\r
-polyglossia\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! polyglossia\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is more appropriate (is the case when using XeTeX and/or non-TeX fonts),\r
- this package will be used instead of \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Always\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Babel uses \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
- even if \r
-\series bold\r
-polyglossia\r
-\series default\r
- would be more appropriate.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Custom allows you to specify a language package command of your choice.\r
- For example if you want to use a language-specific package like \r
-\series bold\r
-ngerman\r
-\series default\r
- (for German texts), type in\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-usepackage{ngerman}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-None will not use a language package.\r
- This is necessary for some document classes for scientific articles.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here is a list with the important encodings:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(no\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-inputenc) Same as \r
-\family sans\r
-Language Default\r
-\family default\r
-, but the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-inputenc\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! inputenc\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is not used.\r
- When using this, you probably need to load some additional packages manually\r
- in the preamble and specify the used encoding for text parts in foreign\r
- languages in TeX code.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-ASCII the ASCII encoding, covers only plain English (7-bit ASCII).\r
- LyX converts all other characters into LaTeX commands, which may result\r
- in a big file when lots of LaTeX-commands are needed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Arabic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CP\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1256) MS Windows code page for Arabic and Farsi\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Arabic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-6) for Arabic and Farsi\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Armenian\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ArmSCII8) for Armenian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Baltic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CP\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1257) MS Windows code page for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian, the same\r
- as the ISO-8859-13 encoding\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Baltic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-13) for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian, a superset of the ISO-8859-4\r
- encoding\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Baltic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-4) (latin 4) for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian, a subset of the\r
- ISO-8859-13 encoding\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Central\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CP\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1250) MS Windows code page for ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-2 (latin2)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Central\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-2) (latin 2) covers Albanian, Croatian, Czech, German, Hungarian, Polish,\r
- Romanian, Slovak and Slovenian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Chinese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(simplified)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(EUC-CN) for simplified Chinese, used especially on UNIX OSes, since 2001\r
- this encoding is officially replaced by the encoding GB18030, as GB18030\r
- is not available for LaTeX you should try to use the encoding Unicode\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(utf8)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Chinese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(simplified)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(GBK) for simplified Chinese, is the same as the Windows code page CP 936\r
- except for the Euro currency sign, since 2001 this encoding is officially\r
- replaced by the encoding GB18030, as GB18030 is not available for LaTeX\r
- you should try to use the encoding Unicode\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(utf8)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Chinese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(traditional)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(EUC-TW) for traditional Chinese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Cyrillic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CP\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1251) MS Windows code page for Cyrillic\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Cyrillic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-5) covers Belorussian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian and Ukrainian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Cyrillic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(KOI8-R) standard Cyrillic especially for Russian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Cyrillic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(KOI8-U) Cyrillic for Ukrainian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Cyrillic\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(pt\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-154) Cyrillic for Kazakh\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Greek\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-7) for Greek\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Hebrew\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CP\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1255) MS Windows code page for Hebrew, a superset of the ISO-8859-8 encoding\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Hebrew\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-8) for Hebrew\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Japanese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(EUC-JP) EUC-JP encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-CJK\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! CJK\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, when using this, set the document language to \r
-\family sans\r
-Japanese (CJK)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Japanese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(JIS) JIS encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-CJK\r
-\series default\r
-, when using this, set the document language to \r
-\family sans\r
-Japanese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CJK)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Japanese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(non-CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(EUC-JP) EUC-JP encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-japanese\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! japanese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, when using this, set the document language to \r
-\family sans\r
-Japanese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Japanese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(non-CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(JIS) JIS encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-japanese\r
-\series default\r
-, when using this, set the document language to \r
-\family sans\r
-Japanese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Japanese\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(non-CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(SJIS) SJIS encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-japanese\r
-\series default\r
-, when using this, set the document language to \r
-\family sans\r
-Japanese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Korean\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(EUC-KR) for Korean\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Southern\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-3) (latin 3) covers Esperanto, Galician, Maltese and Turkish\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-South-Eastern\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-16) (latin 10) covers Albanian, Croatian, Finnish, French, German,\r
- Hungarian, Irish Gaelic, Italian, Polish, Romanian and Slovenian, is designed\r
- to cover many languages and characters with diacritics\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Thai\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(TIS\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-620-0) for Thai\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Turkish\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-9) (latin 5) for Turkish, is like the ISO-8859-1 encoding where the\r
- Icelandic letters are replaced by Turkish ones\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Unicode\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CJK)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(utf8) Unicode utf8 with the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-CJK\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! CJK\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (for the languages Chinese, Japanese and Korean)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Unicode\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(XeTeX)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(utf8) Unicode utf8 to be used with \r
-\family sans\r
-XeTeX\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-LuaTeX\r
-\family default\r
-, which use Unicode directly, without the help of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-inputenc\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- LyX automatically selects this encoding if you export or preview XeTeX\r
- or LuaTeX.\r
- Normally you do not need to set this encoding manually.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Unicode\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ucs-extended)\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(utf8x) Unicode utf8 based on the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-ucs\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! ucs\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- (comprehensive, including Latin, Greek, Cyrillic and CJK scripts).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Unicode\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(utf8) Unicode utf8 based on the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-inputenc\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! inputenc\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- Currently only a limited range of characters (mainly for Latin scripts)\r
- is supported.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Western\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(CP\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1252) MS Windows code page for ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-1 (latin1)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Western\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-1) (latin 1) covers the languages Albanian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch,\r
- English, Faroese, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Icelandic, Irish,\r
- Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish; better use the ISO-8859-15\r
- encoding instead\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Western\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-European\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-(ISO\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-8859-15) (latin 9) like the ISO-8859-1 encoding, but with the Euro currency\r
- sign, the œ-ligature and some characters used for French and Finnish\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Finally, the dialog lets you select a specific language package for the\r
- current document.\r
- See sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Prefs-Language"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for more information on the language package.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Colors\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Color ! main text\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Color ! background\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can alter the font color for the main text (default: black) and\r
- for Greyed\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-out notes (default: light grey).\r
- The button \r
-\family sans\r
-Reset\r
-\family default\r
- sets the color back to the default.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also change the background color for the pages (default: white)\r
- and for Shaded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-boxes (default: red).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The colors are not shown within LyX, only in the output.\r
- (This Greyed\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-out note appears blue in the output.)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Note, if you change the main text font color and use the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Color\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-links\r
-\family default\r
- in the document settings under \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-properties\r
-\family default\r
-, you probably also need to change the link font color by using \r
-\family sans\r
-Additional\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-options\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-PDF\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-properties\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For example the option\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-linkcolor=black\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-sets the link text color to black.\r
- For more information, see the manual of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-hyperref\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! hyperref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "hyperref"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace bigskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can adapt the main text font color and the page background for every\r
- page in your document if you use these commands as TeX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Code behind a forced page break:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-For the page color:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-pagecolor{color name}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-For the text color:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-color{color name}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The color name can hereby be one of these: \r
-\series bold\r
-black\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-blue\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-cyan\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-green\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-magenta\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-red\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-white\r
-\series default\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-yellow\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-If you have changed a text or background color, you can use them under the\r
- following names:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-For the page background color:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-page_backgroundcolor\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-For the main text color:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-document_fontcolor\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-For the Shaded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-box background color:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-shadecolor\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Itemize\r
-For the Greyed\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-out note text color:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-note_fontcolor\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To see how to define and use custom colors, see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Colored\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Cells\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Numbering & TOC\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can adjust the numbering depth of section headings and the section\r
- depth in the table of contents as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Numbering-depth"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Bibliography\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can specify a citation style using the LaTeX packages \r
-\series bold\r
-natbib\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! natbib\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or \r
-\series bold\r
-jurabib\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! jurabib\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- You can enable a sectioned bibliography using the LaTeX package \r
-\series bold\r
-bibtopic\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! bibtopic\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and you can customize how the bibliography of the given document is being\r
- generated.\r
- For a further description see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Bibliography"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Indexes\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here, you can customize how the index of your document is being generated\r
- and you can define additional indexes.\r
- Please refer to section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Index"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for details.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-PDF Properties\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The PDF properties are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:PDF-Properties"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Math Options\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These options will force LyX to use the LaTeX-packages \r
-\series bold\r
-amsmath\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! amsmath\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-esint\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! esint\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\series bold\r
-mathdots\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! mathdots\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- und \r
-\series bold\r
-mhchem\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! mhchem\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- or to use them automatically when they are needed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-amsmath is needed for many constructs, so when you get LaTeX-errors in formulas,\r
- ensure that you have enabled \r
-\family sans\r
-AMS\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-math\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-esint is used for special integral characters, see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Big\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Operators\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-mathdots is used for special ellipses, see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Ellipses\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-mhchem is used for chemical equations, see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Chemical Symbols and Equations\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Float Placement\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The float placement options are described in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Float\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Placement\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Listings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The listings settings are explained in chapter \r
-\emph on\r
-Program Code Listings\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Embedded\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Objects\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Bullets\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can adjust the characters for the itemize levels.\r
- The itemize environment is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Itemize"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Branches\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Branches are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Branches"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Doc-Output"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can define some output specifics for the current document:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Format: The format that is used when you hit \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-View\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Update\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-View Master Document\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Update Master Document\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
- menu or the toolbar.\r
- The default is set in \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-File Formats\r
-\family default\r
-, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Synchronize\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-with\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output settings for the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Forward\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-search\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For a detailed description see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Reverse DVI/PDF search\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-XHTML\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Options settings for the export format \r
-\family sans\r
-LyXHTML\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Strict XHTML\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1.1\r
-\family default\r
- will assure that the output follows exactly version\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-1.1 of the XHTML standard.\r
- The different \r
-\family sans\r
-Math\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-output\r
-\family default\r
- settings are described in detail in section \r
-\emph on\r
-Math Output in XHTML\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
- The scaling is used for the size of equations in the output.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX Preamble\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In this text field you can enter commands to load special LaTeX-packages\r
- or to define LaTeX-commands.\r
- The preamble is a thing for LaTeX-experts.\r
- You should not enter commands here until you exactly know what you are\r
- doing.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-An introduction to the LaTeX-syntax is given in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Preferences\r
-\family default\r
- Dialog\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "chap:The-Preferences-dialog"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Preferences\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The preferences dialog is called with the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Preferences\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- It has the following submenus.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Look and Feel\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-User Interface\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-User Interface File\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Customization ! of toolbars\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Customization ! of menus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The appearance of the menus and toolbars can be changed by choosing a user\r
- interface (ui) file.\r
- A ui-file is a text file where the toolbars and menus are listed.\r
- The file \r
-\emph on\r
-default.ui\r
-\emph default\r
- loads three files:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-stdmenus.inc\r
-\shape italic\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-specifies the menu entries for the standard menus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-stdcontext.inc \r
-\shape italic\r
-\emph on\r
-specifies\r
-\shape default\r
-\emph default\r
- the menu entries in popup context menus\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-stdtoolbars.inc\r
-\shape italic\r
- \r
-\emph on\r
-specifies the toolbar buttons\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To create your own menu and toolbar layout, start with a copy of these files\r
- and edit the entries.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The syntax of the .inc-files is straightforward: the \r
-\family sans\r
-Menubar\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Menu\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Toolbar\r
-\family default\r
- entries must be finished with an explicit \r
-\family sans\r
-End\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- They may contain \r
-\family sans\r
-Submenu\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Item\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-OptItem\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Separator\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Icon,\r
-\family default\r
- and in the case of the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-file_lastfiles\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- menu a \r
-\family sans\r
-Lastfiles\r
-\family default\r
- entry.\r
- The syntax for the entries is:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Item \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-menu \r
-\series default\r
-or\r
-\series bold\r
- button name\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LyX-function\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-All the LyX-functions are listed in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Ly\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Functions\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For example, assuming you use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Bookmarks\r
-\family default\r
- quite often and therefore want six available bookmarks, you can add the\r
- line\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Item \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Save Bookmark 6\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-bookmark-save 6\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\noindent\r
-\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to the \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-navigate_bookmarks\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- menu in \r
-\emph on\r
-stdmenus.inc\r
-\emph default\r
- to have the sixth bookmark.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Icon\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Set\r
-\family default\r
- allows you to change the appearance of LyX's toolbar buttons.\r
- The currently available icon sets are compared in \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "this image"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/uploads/LyX/NewInLyX20/themes.png"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Automatic help\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Enable tool tips in main work area\r
-\family default\r
- enables tool tips showing the content of closed insets like index entries\r
- or footnotes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Session\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Restore window layouts and geometries\r
-\family default\r
- LyX's main window will be opened with the size and layout that was used\r
- in the last LyX session.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Restore cursor positions\r
-\family default\r
- sets the cursor to the position in the file where it was at the end of\r
- the last session.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Load opened files from last session\r
-\family default\r
- opens all files that were opened in the last LyX session.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The button \r
-\family sans\r
-Clear all session information\r
-\family default\r
- deletes all information from previous LyX sessions (cursor positions, names\r
- of last opened documents, etc.).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Documents\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Backup documents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Backup ! Documents\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Backup original documents when saving\r
-\family default\r
- creates a backup copy of the file in the state when it was opened or when\r
- it was saved the last time.\r
- It is stored in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Backup\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-directory\r
-\family default\r
- (see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Paths"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-) or in the same folder as your document if no \r
-\family sans\r
-Backup\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-directory\r
-\family default\r
- is specified.\r
- The backup file has the file extension \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-.lyx~\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Backup documents, every\r
-\family default\r
-, you can specify the time between backup saves.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Save documents compressed by default\r
-\family default\r
- always saves files in a compressed format.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Maximum last files\r
-\family default\r
- is the number of last opened files that LyX should display in the menu\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Open\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Recent\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Open documents in tabs\r
-\family default\r
- is not checked, every file will be opened in its own new instance of LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Single instance\r
-\family default\r
- is only active if a LyXServer pipe\r
-\begin_inset Foot\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-See sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Paths"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for information about LyXServer pipes.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is specified.\r
- If it is checked, LyX documents will be opened in the same running instance\r
- of LyX.\r
- Otherwise a new LyX instance is created for each file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Single close-tab button\r
-\family default\r
- is checked, there will only be one close button (\r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Graphics\r
- filename ../images/closetab.png\r
- scale 75\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family default\r
-) at the right side of the tab bar to close tabs.\r
- Otherwise every document tab has its own close button.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- For the last option you have to restart LyX before the change takes effect.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Screen Fonts\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Font ! Screen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Screen-Fonts"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-These fonts are used to display your documents within LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- This section only deals with the fonts \r
-\emph on\r
-inside\r
-\emph default\r
- the LyX window.\r
- The fonts that appear in the output are independent of these fonts, and\r
- set in the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Fonts\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-By default, LyX uses \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Times\r
-\family default\r
- as its \r
-\family sans\r
-Roman\r
-\family default\r
- (serif) font, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Arial\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Helvetica\r
-\family default\r
- (depends on the system) as its \r
-\family sans\r
-Sans\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Serif\r
-\family default\r
- font and \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Courier\r
-\family default\r
- as its \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Typewriter\r
-\family default\r
- font.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can change the font size with the \r
-\family sans\r
-Zoom\r
-\family default\r
- setting.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Font Sizes\r
-\family default\r
- are calculated as letter height in units of points.\r
- 72.27\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-points have the size of 1\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-inch, see Appendix\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "chap:Units-available-in"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The default font sizes are the same as if a document font size of 10\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pt were used.\r
- The sizes are explained in detail in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Document-Font"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-With the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Use pixmap cache to speed up font rendering\r
-\family default\r
- enabled, LyX needs to redraw the screen less often.\r
- This results in better performance, especially on slow systems.\r
- On the other hand, the characters might look more fuzzy on screen.\r
- So whether you enable this or not depends on whether you prefer speed over\r
- aesthetics.\r
- Note that the Pixmap Cache is only available and useful under Mac\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-OS and Windows.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Colors\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Color ! LyX screen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Color\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can change the screen colors used by LyX by choosing an item in\r
- the list and selecting the \r
-\family sans\r
-Alter\r
-\family default\r
- button.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-By checking the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Use system colors\r
-\family default\r
- the color scheme of your OS or window manager is used.\r
- The colors \r
-\family sans\r
-cursor, selection, table line, text, URL\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-label and URL\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\family default\r
- are then not customizable and thus not listed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Display\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Display\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can specify if graphics are displayed inside LyX.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Instant Preview\r
-\family default\r
- enables previewing snippets of your document.\r
- This feature is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Checking the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Mark\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-end\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-of\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paragraphs\r
-\family default\r
- displays a pilcrow (¶) at the end of every paragraph.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Editing\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Editing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Control\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Editing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Cursor follows scrollbar\r
-\family default\r
- sets the cursor to the top of the currently displayed document part when\r
- scrolling.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can adjust the width of the cursor.\r
- If you set the value to zero, the thickness of the cursor scales relative\r
- to the zoom value you choose for the screen fonts.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Scroll below end of document\r
-\family default\r
- is self-explanatory.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-In LyX one can jump from word to word by pressing \r
-\family sans\r
-Ctrl+arrow key\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- With the option\r
-\family sans\r
- Use Mac-style for cursor moving between words\r
-\family default\r
- the cursor jumps from the end of a word to the end of the next word.\r
- Normally it jumps from the beginning to the beginning.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Sort environments alphabetically\r
-\family default\r
- sorts the entries in the pull-down box for the paragraph environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The option \r
-\family sans\r
-Group environments by their category\r
-\family default\r
- groups the entries in the pull-down box for the paragraph environments.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The \r
-\family sans\r
-Edit math macros\r
-\family default\r
- options determine the editing style for math macros, see the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Math Macros\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Math\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Fullscreen\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can specify what is hidden in the fullscreen mode.\r
- With the option \r
-\family sans\r
-Limit text width\r
-\family default\r
- you can specify the width of the text in fullscreen mode.\r
- This way you can display the text smaller than the screen; the text then\r
- appears centered.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Shortcuts\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Key Bindings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Shortcuts\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-Bind File\r
-\family default\r
- specifies the file to be used to bind a LyX-function to a key.\r
- Several binding files are available, among them:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-cua.bind a typical set of PC keyboard shortcuts\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-(x)emacs.bind a set of bindings similar to those used in the editor programs\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Emacs\r
-\family default\r
- (\r
-\family sans\r
-XEmacs\r
-\family default\r
-)\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-mac.bind a set of bindings for \r
-\family sans\r
-Mac\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-OS\r
-\family default\r
- systems.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are also binding files designed for special document classes, like\r
- \r
-\shape italic\r
-broadway.bind\r
-\shape default\r
-, and binding files for special languages.\r
- The names of language binding files begin with a language code, e.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-g.\r
-\begin_inset space \space{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pt\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- for Portuguese.\r
- If you use LyX in a certain language, LyX will try to use the appropriate\r
- binding file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Some binding files, like \r
-\shape italic\r
-math.bind\r
-\shape default\r
-, only have a limited scope.\r
- When looking at the end of the file \r
-\shape italic\r
-cua.bind\r
-\shape default\r
-, you can see that they are included to keep the overview in the bind-file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The field \r
-\family sans\r
-Show\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-key-bindings\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-containing\r
-\family default\r
- allows you to search for the shortcut provided for a particular function\r
- in the selected key binding file.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsubsection\r
-Editing Shortcuts\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Editing-Shortcuts"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Key Bindings ! Editing\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-To add new or modify existing keybindings to your own taste you can use\r
- the table in the dialog that lists all LyX-functions and the bound shortcuts.\r
- To find functions easily, they are grouped by categories and the dialog\r
- provides the field \r
-\family sans\r
-Show key-bindings containing\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- In this field you can insert a keyword for a function you want to edit.\r
- Insert there for example as keyword \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paste\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and you get the four different existing shortcuts for the three different\r
- functions that contain \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paste\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- in their name.\r
- As you can see, one function can have more than one shortcut.\r
- All LyX-functions are also listed in the file \r
-\family sans\r
-LyX Functions\r
-\family default\r
- that you will find in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Help\r
-\family default\r
- menu.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-For example, to add the shortcut \r
-\family sans\r
-Alt+Q\r
-\family default\r
- for the function \r
-\family sans\r
-textstyle-apply\r
-\family default\r
-, select the function and press the \r
-\family sans\r
-Modify\r
-\family default\r
- button.\r
- A dialog pops up where you can add the shortcut by using it.\r
- So press Alt+Q to define the shortcut.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Modifying an existing shortcut is done the same way.\r
- You can also bind multiple functions to one shortcut by starting the LyX\r
- Function definition with “command alternatives” and following it with the\r
- different function names as a semicolon separated list.\r
- LyX will then use the first function that is enabled in the current document\r
- part.\r
- \r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you don't like a particular shortcut, you can remove it.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Alternatively you can also edit shortcuts by modifying binding files with\r
- a text editor.\r
- The syntax of the entries is:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-bind \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-key combination\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LyX-function\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Keyboard/Mouse\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Keyboard-Map"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Keyboard Map\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Keyboard Map\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Normally keyboard settings are made in a menu of your operating system.\r
- For the case thatWhere this is not possible, LyX provides keyboard maps.\r
- If, for example, you have a Czech keyboard but want to use it as if it\r
- is a Romanian one, you can enable \r
-\family sans\r
-Use\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-keyboard\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-map\r
-\family default\r
- and select the keyboard map file named \r
-\shape italic\r
-romanian.kmap\r
-\shape default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can specify a \r
-\family sans\r
-First\r
-\family default\r
- and a \r
-\family sans\r
-Second\r
-\family default\r
- keyboard map and, if you use the \r
-\emph on\r
-cua\r
-\emph default\r
- bindings, you can select the first and second with \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "keymap-primary"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "keymap-secondary"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- respectively or toggle between them with \r
-\begin_inset Info\r
-type "shortcut"\r
-arg "keymap-toggle"\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- Keyboard maps can only provide a makeshift solution and don't work on all\r
- systems.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also specify the mouse \r
-\family sans\r
-Wheel scrolling speed\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The standard value is 1.0; higher values speed up the scrolling, lower ones\r
- slow it down.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If you \r
-\family sans\r
-Enable\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-Scroll\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-wheel\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-zoom,\r
-\family default\r
- you can select a key for zooming.\r
- When this key is pressed and the mouse wheel is rotated, the text is zoomed.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Input Completion\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Input completion is described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Input-Completion"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Paths\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:Paths"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paths\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Paths\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The paths to the various resources used by LyX are normally determined during\r
- the installation.\r
- But there may be reasons why you might want to modify them.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Working\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-directory This is LyX's working directory.\r
- It is the default when you \r
-\family sans\r
-Open\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-Save\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Save\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-As\r
-\family default\r
- files.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Document\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-templates This directory will be opened when you use the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-New\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-from\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Template\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Example\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-files This directory will be opened when you use the button \r
-\family sans\r
-Examples\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Open\r
-\family default\r
- dialog.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Examples\r
-\family default\r
- button does not exist when using LyX on Mac OS and Windows systems.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Backup\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-directory\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Backup ! Directory\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- Backup copies will be saved to this directory.\r
- If no directory is given but backups are enabled as described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Backup documents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Working directory\r
-\family default\r
- will be used to save the backups.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Backup files have the ending \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.lyx~\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Ly\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-XServer\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-pipe Here you can enter the name of a so-called UNIX-pipe.\r
- This pipe is used to send data from external programs to LyX.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Example:\r
-\series default\r
- You add a BibTeX-database \r
-\emph on\r
-test.bib\r
-\emph default\r
- to your document.\r
- You can edit this file with the program \r
-\family typewriter\r
-JabRef\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- In \r
-\family typewriter\r
-JabRef\r
-\family default\r
- you have to use the same Unix-Pipe for LyX in its preferences under \r
-\family sans\r
-External\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-programs\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- If you want to get one entry of the database as citation, select it in\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-JabRef\r
-\family default\r
- and click on the LyX-symbol.\r
- The entry will now be inserted as a citation at the current cursor position\r
- in your LyX file.\r
- Of course, \r
-\family typewriter\r
-JabRef\r
-\family default\r
- and LyX need to be running the same time.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-The pipe is also used for the \r
-\family sans\r
-Single instance\r
-\family default\r
- feature, see sec.\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Backup documents"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-To use the LyXServer-Pipe on Windows, you must use this pipe name:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-.\r
-\backslash\r
-pipe\r
-\backslash\r
-lyxpipe\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Temporary\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-directory Temporary files will be saved in this directory.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Thesaurus\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-dictionary Directory where the thesaurus dictionaries are located.\r
- You only need to specify it if the thesaurus does not work or if you want\r
- to use custom/alternative dictionaries.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Hunspell\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-dictionary Directory where the dictionaries of the spell checker program\r
- \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Hunspell\r
-\family default\r
- are located.\r
- You only need to specify it if you are using \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Hunspell\r
-\family default\r
- and spell checking does not work or if you want to use custom/alternative\r
- dictionaries.\r
- For LyX on Windows \r
-\family typewriter\r
-Hunspell\r
-\family default\r
- is the only available spell checker and should work without specifying\r
- a directory.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-PATH\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-prefix This field contains a list of paths to external programs.\r
- When LyX needs to use an external program, it looks in this list to see\r
- where to find it on the system.\r
- The path list is automatically set up on Windows and Mac systems when LyX\r
- is configured; so you normally don't have to modify it.\r
- On Unix\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-/\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Linux systems, the path list will need to be set only if there are external\r
- programs you wish to use that are not in your normal system path ($PATH).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-TEXINPUTS\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-prefix The TEXINPUTS environment variable allows you to use external files\r
- which are included in a LyX document via commands in TeX code or in the\r
- document preamble.\r
- This prefix includes by default the document directory (represented by\r
- a single dot '.').\r
- The prefix can contain any list of paths separated by the default separator\r
- of the OS (':' on UNIX like systems and ';' on Windows).\r
- If files are included, the paths listed in the TEXINPUTS prefix will be\r
- scanned for the input files.\r
- Note that any non-absolute path listed in the TEXINPUTS prefix is considered\r
- to be relative to the directory of your LyX file.\r
- It is recommended that you always include ‘.' as one of the paths; otherwise\r
- compilation may fail for some documents.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Identity\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can insert your \r
-\family sans\r
-Name\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-E-mail\r
-\family default\r
- address.\r
- These will be used when you have enabled change tracking, as described\r
- in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Change-Tracking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-, to mark changes you make as yours.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Language Settings\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Language ! Settings\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Language\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Prefs-Language"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-User\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-interface\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-language Here you can select the language for LyX's menus.\r
- You can find its actual translation status here: \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-target "http://www.lyx.org/I18n"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Language\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-package determines which LaTeX package should be loaded to handle language\r
- issues.\r
- Language issues that are handled by this package include proper hyphenation\r
- as well as localization of dates and text strings such as \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Chapter\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- and \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Table\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The most widespread language package is \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! babel\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-; it is the default language package in classic LaTeX.\r
- More recent typesetting engines such as XeTeX and LuaTeX come with the\r
- alternative language package \r
-\series bold\r
-polyglossia\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! polyglossia\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- that is more suited to the multi-script support of these engines.\r
- Furthermore, there are also specific language packages for languages not\r
- covered by \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
-.\r
- The available selections are described in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Language-encodings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-start If a special LaTeX-package is needed to write in a certain document\r
- language, you can here specify the command to start the package.\r
- An example is the start command \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-begin{arabtext}\r
-\family default\r
- that is needed to write Arabic using the package \r
-\series bold\r
-ArabTeX\r
-\series default\r
-, see \r
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation\r
-LatexCommand cite\r
-key "Arabic"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The default is the \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
- command \r
-\family sans\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-selectlanguage{$$lang}\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-end Counterpart to \r
-\family sans\r
-Command start\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Some packages, like the default, don't have an end command since the start\r
- command toggles the package on and off.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Decimal\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Point Define the default decimal point for use in tables (decimal point\r
- alignment).\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Set\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-languages\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-globally When this option is set, the languages used in the document will\r
- be added as options to the document class options, so that they can be\r
- used by all LaTeX-packages.\r
- Otherwise they will only be used as options for the \r
-\series bold\r
-babel\r
-\series default\r
- package.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Auto\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-begin When this option is set, documents start with the chosen document\r
- language.\r
- When this option is not set, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-start\r
-\family default\r
- is explicitly set to the beginning of the document in the LaTeX-output.\r
- This assures that the correct language is used when you use another \r
-\family sans\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-start\r
-\family default\r
- than the default.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Auto\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-end Counterpart to \r
-\family sans\r
-Auto\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-begin\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- When it is not set, the \r
-\family sans\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-end\r
-\family default\r
- is set to the end of the document.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Mark\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-foreign\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-languages Text marked formatted in a language different from the document\r
- language will be underlined in blue.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Enable\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-RTL\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-support Enables the use of languages, written from right to left (RTL),\r
- like Arabic, Hebrew or Farsi.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Cursor\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-movement When writing RTL, you can define if the left and right arrow keys\r
- move the cursor visually to the left or right, respectively, or logically.\r
- Logical means that the cursor is moved to the left when pressing the right\r
- arrow key and the cursor is inside text in an RTL language.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Spellchecker\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The spellchecker settings are explained in section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sec:Spellchecking"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-Outputs\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-General\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-line\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-length sets the maximum number of characters printed in one line when using\r
- the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-File\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Plain\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-text\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- Setting the line length to 0 means all text is printed in one endless line.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Date\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-format\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Date Format\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Date format\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- The date format can be one or a mixture of the formats listed here:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://unixhelp.ed.ac.uk/CGI/man-cgi?date\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-For example the format\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-%d/%m/%y\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-prints the date as day/month/year.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Overwrite\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-on\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-export Setting what LyX is allowed to overwrite on export.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Forward\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-search Commands that will be used for the menu \r
-\family sans\r
-Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Forward\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-search\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- For a detailed description see section \r
-\emph on\r
-Reverse DVI/PDF search\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Printer\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Printer"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Printer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Printer\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-printer Here you can specify the name of your \r
-\family sans\r
-Default printer\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- The name will be used when the \r
-\family sans\r
-Printer command\r
-\family default\r
- is executed.\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\series bold\r
-Note:\r
-\series default\r
- You can leave this field empty on Windows systems because it has no effect.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Printer\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-command is the command LyX\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-/\r
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LaTeX uses for printing.\r
- The default is \r
-\family sans\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
- on most systems.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Printer\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Command\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Options Here you can specify printer options.\r
- A list of printer options with explanations can be found in the documentation\r
- of the program that provides the \r
-\family sans\r
-Printer command\r
-\family default\r
- you are using.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Adapt\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-output\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-to\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-printer This option works only for the \r
-\family sans\r
-Printer command\r
-\family default\r
- \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-dvips\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- It activates a configuration file for dvips.\r
- This is an option only for dvips experts.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-LaT\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-eX\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:LaTeX-settings"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! LaTeX\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Use\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LaTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-font\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-encoding This is the default encoding of the document font.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-T1\r
-\family default\r
- is the default and covers western languages and symbols.\r
- \r
-\family sans\r
-T2A\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-T2B\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-T2C\r
-\family default\r
-, \r
-\family sans\r
-LCY\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-X2\r
-\family default\r
- are used for Cyrillic.\r
- Combinations of the encodings are possible, like \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\family sans\r
-T1, T2B\r
-\family default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
- The font encoding is normally automatically loaded by the language packages\r
- LyX sets up in the background.\r
- So there is no need to change the default encoding.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Default\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paper\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-size This is the paper size that is used for new documents.\r
- The \r
-\family sans\r
-Default\r
-\family default\r
- value depends on your LaTeX-system setup.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-DVI\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-viewer\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paper\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-size\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-options They only have an effect when the program \r
-\family sans\r
-xdvi\r
-\family default\r
- is used as DVI-viewer, read its manual to find out more.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you can also specify options and commands with parameters for processors.\r
- But before you change something, it is strongly recommended to read the\r
- manuals of the applications.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-generation Settings for the generation of the bibliography, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Bibliography-databases"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Index\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-generation Settings for the generation of the index, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Index-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Nomenclature\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-command Command for the program that generates the nomenclature, see section\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "sub:Nomenclature-Program"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-CheckTe\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-{}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-X\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-command Command for the program \r
-\family sans\r
-CheckTeX\r
-\family default\r
- that is described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Checking TeX\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Additional Features\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-There are additionally the following options:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Use\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Windows-style\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-paths\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-in\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-LaTeX\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-files Uses paths in the notation of Windows, that means that \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- is used instead of \r
-\begin_inset Quotes eld\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-/\r
-\begin_inset Quotes erd\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- to separate folders.\r
- This option is enabled by default when you use LyX on Windows.\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Paths\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Settings ! Paths\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Description\r
-Reset\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-class\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-options\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-when\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-document\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-class\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-changes Removes all manually set \r
-\family sans\r
-Class options\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator\r
-Document\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Class\r
-\family default\r
- dialog when changing the document class.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Section\r
-File\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Handling\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File handling\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-Converters\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sub:Converters"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Converters\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you find the list of defined converter commands to convert material\r
- from one format to another.\r
- You can modify converters or create new ones.\r
- To modify a converter, select it, change the entry of the \r
-\family sans\r
-Converter\r
-\family default\r
- and/or \r
-\family sans\r
-Extra\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-flag\r
-\family default\r
- field and press the \r
-\family sans\r
-Modify\r
-\family default\r
- button.\r
- To create a new converter, select an existing one, select a different format\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-To\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-format\r
-\family default\r
- drop-down list, modify the \r
-\family sans\r
-Converter\r
-\family default\r
- field and press the \r
-\family sans\r
-Add\r
-\family default\r
- button.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-If the \r
-\family sans\r
-Converter File Cache\r
-\family default\r
- is \r
-\family sans\r
-Enabled\r
-\family default\r
-, conversions will be cached as long as specified in the field \r
-\family sans\r
-Maximum Age (in days\r
-\family default\r
-).\r
- This means that images don't need to be converted again when you reopen\r
- a document; the converted images from the cache will be used instead.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-More about converters, like the flags that can be used in the converter\r
- definition, is described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Converters\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Subsection\r
-File Formats\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "sec:File-Formats"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-File formats\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Copiers\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Here you find the list of defined file formats that LyX can handle.\r
- You can modify the \r
-\family sans\r
-Editor\r
-\family default\r
- and \r
-\family sans\r
-Viewer\r
-\family default\r
- programs that should be used for certain formats.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-You can also define the \r
-\family sans\r
-Default output format\r
-\family default\r
- that is used when you use \r
-\family sans\r
-View, Update, View Master Document\r
-\family default\r
- or \r
-\family sans\r
-Update Master Document\r
-\family default\r
- in the \r
-\family sans\r
-View\r
-\family default\r
- menu or the toolbar.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-More about formats and their options is described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Formats\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Since all conversions from one format to another take place in LyX's temporary\r
- directory, it is sometimes necessary to modify a file before copying it\r
- to the temporary directory so that the conversion may be performed.\r
- This is done by specifying a \r
-\family sans\r
-Copier\r
-\family default\r
-.\r
- More about this is described in the section \r
-\emph on\r
-Copiers\r
-\emph default\r
- of the \r
-\emph on\r
-Customization\r
-\emph default\r
- manual.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Chapter\r
-Units available in LyX\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-Units\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "chap:Units-available-in"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-Table\r
-\begin_inset space ~\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref\r
-LatexCommand ref\r
-reference "tab:Units"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- explains all the units available in LyX and used in this documentation.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Float table\r
-placement h\r
-wide false\r
-sideways false\r
-status open\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset Caption Standard\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset label\r
-LatexCommand label\r
-name "tab:Units"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-Units\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\begin_inset VSpace medskip\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\align center\r
-\begin_inset Tabular\r
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="20" columns="2">\r
-<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top">\r
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top">\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-unit\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-name/description\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-mm\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">\r
-\begin_inset Text\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-millimeter\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-</cell>\r
-</row>\r
-<row>\r
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-http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption-eng.pdf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "enumitem"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Documentation"\r
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/enumitem.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-enumitem\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! enumitem\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/enumitem.pdf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "fancyhdr"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Documentation"\r
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-fancyhdr\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! fancyhdr\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "hyperref"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Documentation"\r
-target "http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-hyperref\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! hyperref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "nomencl"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Documentation"\r
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/nomencl/nomencl.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-nomencl\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! nomencl\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/nomencl/nomencl.pdf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "prettyref"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Documentation"\r
-target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/prettyref/prettyref.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-prettyref\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! prettyref\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/prettyref/prettyref.pdf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "refstyle"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Documentation"\r
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/refstyle/refstyle.pdf"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- of the LaTeX-package \r
-\series bold\r
-refstyle\r
-\series default\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Index idx\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-LaTeX-packages ! refstyle\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/refstyle/refstyle.pdf\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Arabic"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Arabic"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Arabic:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Arabic\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Armenian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Armenian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Armenian:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Armenian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Cyrillic"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Cyrillic"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Cyrillic languages:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Cyrillic\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Farsi"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Farsi"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Farsi:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Farsi\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Hebrew"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Hebrew"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Hebrew:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Hebrew\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Japanese"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Japanese"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Japanese:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Japanese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Latvian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Latvian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Latvian:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Latvian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Lithuanian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Lithuanian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Lithuanian:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Lithuanian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Mongolian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Mongolian"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Mongolian:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Mongolian\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "Vietnamese"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Vietnamese"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- how to set up LyX for Vietnamese:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Vietnamese\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Bibliography\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem\r
-LatexCommand bibitem\r
-key "NewInLyX20"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset href\r
-LatexCommand href\r
-name "Wiki-page"\r
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/NewInLyX20"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
- about new features in \r
-\family sans\r
-LyX 2.0\r
-\family default\r
-:\r
-\begin_inset Newline newline\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Flex URL\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/NewInLyX20\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset ERT\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-let\r
-\backslash\r
-mybibname\r
-\backslash\r
-bibname\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-renewcommand{\r
-\backslash\r
-bibname}{\r
-\backslash\r
-mybibname\r
-\backslash\r
-; 2}\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset Note Note\r
-status collapsed\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Plain Layout\r
-The command \r
-\series bold\r
-\r
-\backslash\r
-bibname\r
-\series default\r
- is the name of the bibliography in the current document language.\r
- It is redefined here with the number 2 at the end to state that the following\r
- bibliography is the second one:\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibtex\r
-LatexCommand bibtex\r
-bibfiles "biblio/LyXDocs"\r
-options "biblio/alphadin"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-The above bibliography is created from a BibTeX-database.\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\begin_layout Standard\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset nomencl_print\r
-LatexCommand printnomenclature\r
-set_width "auto"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin_inset CommandInset index_print\r
-LatexCommand printindex\r
-type "idx"\r
-\r
-\end_inset\r
-\r
-\r
-\end_layout\r
-\r
-\end_body\r
-\end_document\r
+#LyX 2.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 474
+\begin_document
+\begin_header
+\textclass scrbook
+\begin_preamble
+% DO NOT ALTER THIS PREAMBLE!!!
+%
+% This preamble is designed to ensure that the User's Guide prints
+% out as advertised. If you mess with this preamble,
+% parts of the User's Guide may not print out as expected. If you
+% have problems LaTeXing this file, please contact
+% the documentation team
+% email: lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org
+
+\usepackage{ifpdf} % part of the hyperref bundle
+\ifpdf % if pdflatex is used
+
+ % set fonts for nicer pdf view
+ \IfFileExists{lmodern.sty}{\usepackage{lmodern}}{}
+
+\fi % end if pdflatex is used
+
+% for correct jump positions whe clicking on a link to a float
+\usepackage[figure]{hypcap}
+
+% the pages of the TOC is numbered roman
+% and a pdf-bookmark for the TOC is added
+\let\myTOC\tableofcontents
+\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \frontmatter
+ \pdfbookmark[1]{\contentsname}{}
+ \myTOC
+ \mainmatter }
+
+% macro for italic page numbers in the index
+\newcommand{\IndexDef}[1]{\textit{#1}}
+
+% for customized page headers/footers
+% only needed because they are only used in one section of the document
+\usepackage{fancyhdr}
+% change header rule width
+\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{2pt}
+
+% used to have extra space in table cells
+\@ifundefined{extrarowheight}
+ {\usepackage{array}}{}
+\setlength{\extrarowheight}{2pt}
+
+% workaround for a makeindex bug,
+% see sec. "Index Entry Order"
+% only uncomment this when you are using makindex
+%\let\OrgIndex\index
+%\renewcommand*{\index}[1]{\OrgIndex{#1}}
+\end_preamble
+\options refpage,intoc,bibliography=totoc,index=totoc,BCOR7.5mm,captions=tableheading
+\use_default_options false
+\begin_modules
+customHeadersFooters
+enumitem
+\end_modules
+\maintain_unincluded_children false
+\language english
+\language_package default
+\inputencoding auto
+\fontencoding global
+\font_roman default
+\font_sans default
+\font_typewriter default
+\font_math auto
+\font_default_family default
+\use_non_tex_fonts false
+\font_sc false
+\font_osf false
+\font_sf_scale 100
+\font_tt_scale 100
+\graphics default
+\default_output_format default
+\output_sync 0
+\bibtex_command bibtex
+\index_command default
+\paperfontsize 12
+\spacing single
+\use_hyperref true
+\pdf_title "The LyX User's Guide"
+\pdf_author "LyX Team"
+\pdf_subject "LyX"
+\pdf_keywords "LyX"
+\pdf_bookmarks true
+\pdf_bookmarksnumbered true
+\pdf_bookmarksopen false
+\pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1
+\pdf_breaklinks false
+\pdf_pdfborder false
+\pdf_colorlinks true
+\pdf_backref false
+\pdf_pdfusetitle false
+\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false"
+\papersize default
+\use_geometry false
+\use_package amsmath 1
+\use_package amssymb 1
+\use_package cancel 0
+\use_package esint 1
+\use_package mathdots 1
+\use_package mathtools 0
+\use_package mhchem 1
+\use_package stackrel 0
+\use_package stmaryrd 0
+\use_package undertilde 0
+\cite_engine basic
+\cite_engine_type default
+\biblio_style plain
+\use_bibtopic false
+\use_indices false
+\paperorientation portrait
+\suppress_date false
+\justification true
+\use_refstyle 0
+\notefontcolor #0000ff
+\branch Question
+\selected 1
+\filename_suffix 0
+\color #00ff00
+\end_branch
+\branch Answer
+\selected 0
+\filename_suffix 0
+\color #aa55ff
+\end_branch
+\index Index
+\shortcut idx
+\color #008000
+\end_index
+\secnumdepth 3
+\tocdepth 2
+\paragraph_separation indent
+\paragraph_indentation default
+\quotes_language english
+\papercolumns 1
+\papersides 2
+\paperpagestyle default
+\tracking_changes false
+\output_changes false
+\html_math_output 0
+\html_css_as_file 0
+\html_be_strict true
+\end_header
+
+\begin_body
+
+\begin_layout Title
+The LyX User's Guide
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Author
+by the LyX Team
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\noindent
+If you have comments on or error corrections to this documentation, please
+ send them to the LyX Documentation mailing list:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org"
+type "mailto:"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Version 2.1.x
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The latest PDF-version of this document can be found here:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/DocumentationDevelopment#UserGuide
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset CommandInset toc
+LatexCommand tableofcontents
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+Getting Started
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+What is LyX?
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX is a document preparation system.
+ It is a tool for producing beautiful manu\SpecialChar \-
+scripts, publishable books, business
+ letters and proposals, and even poetry.
+ It is unlike most other
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+word processors
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in the sense that it uses the paradigm of a markup language as its core
+ editing style.
+ That means that when you type a section header, you mark it as a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Section
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, not as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Bold, 17
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt type, left justified, 5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mm space below
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ LyX takes care of the typesetting for you; so you deal only with concepts,
+ not with mechanics.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This philosophy is explained in greater detail in the
+\emph on
+Introduction
+\emph default
+manual.
+ If you haven't read it yet, you need to.
+ Yes, we mean now.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\emph on
+Introduction
+\emph default
+ manual describes several things in addition to LyX's philosophy: most important
+ly, the format of all of the manuals.
+ If you don't read it, you will have a bear of a time navigating this manual.
+ You might also be better served looking in one of the other manuals instead
+ of this one.
+ The
+\emph on
+Introduction
+\emph default
+ manual describes that, too.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+How LyX Looks
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Like most applications, LyX has the familiar menu bar across the top of
+ its window.
+ Below it is a toolbar with a pulldown box and various buttons.
+ There is, of course, a vertical scrollbar and a main work area for editing
+ documents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that there is no horizontal scrollbar.
+ This is not a bug or an oversight, but intentional.
+ When you read a book, you expect the end of a line to wrap around to the
+ next line.
+ Text overflows onto new pages in a vertical fashion, hence the need for
+ only a vertical scrollbar.
+ There are three cases where you might want a horizontal scrollbar.
+ The first case is large images.
+ To avoid them being displayed larger than your screen, left click on the
+ image and use the option
+\family sans
+Scale on Screen
+\family default
+ in the tab
+\family sans
+LaTeX and LyX options
+\family default
+.
+ The second and third cases are tables and equations which are wider than
+ the LyX window.
+ You can use the arrow keys to scroll horizontally through the table, but
+ this doesn't work for equations yet.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For a brief description of all LyX menus and toolbar buttons, have a look
+ at Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:The-User-Interface"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+HELP
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The help system consists of the LyX manuals.
+ You can read all of the manuals from inside LyX.
+ Just select the manual you want to read from the
+\family sans
+Help
+\family default
+ menu.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Basic LyX Setup
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Almost all features of LyX can be configured via the menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Preferences
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ LyX is able to inspect your system to see what programs, LaTeX document
+ classes and LaTeX packages are available.
+ It uses this knowledge to give reasonable defaults for the preferences
+ settings.
+ Although this configuration has already been done when LyX was installed
+ on your system, you might have some items that you installed locally, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+new LaTeX classes, and which are not seen by LyX.
+ To force LyX to re-inspect your system, you should use
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Reconfigure
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ You should then restart LyX to ensure that the changes are taken into account.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+LaTeX Setup
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:LaTeX-Setup"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can edit documents in LyX without having LaTeX installed, but you will
+ not be able to create PDFs or print your documents unless you do have it
+ installed.
+ However, some LyX documents use DocBook as the “backend” that can produce
+ PDFs and the like, and every LyX document can always be output as plain
+ text or as XHTML.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some document classes may depend upon specific LaTeX or DocBook classes
+ or packages.
+ Such document classes can be used even if you do not have the required
+ files installed, but you will not be able to produce certain kinds of output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The LaTeX packages that LyX has found on your system are listed in a file
+ you can view from the menu
+\family sans
+Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Configuration
+\family default
+.
+ If you are missing packages you need, then you must install them and then
+ reconfigure LyX (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Reconfigure
+\family default
+).
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The two braces in the TeX Code box prevent that the term
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+LaTeX
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ from being printed with sub- and superscript letters.
+ More about TeX Code is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:TeX-Code"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, the printout of proper names like LaTeX is explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LyX's-Proper-Names"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ See section 5.1 of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual for more information on installing additional LaTeX packages.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+How to work with LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Basic File Operations
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File Operations
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Under the
+\family sans
+File
+\family default
+ menu and in the standard toolbar are basic operations for any word processor
+ in addition to some more advanced operations:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+New,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "buffer-new"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-new"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+New
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+from
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Template,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "buffer-new-template"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Open,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "file-open"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "file-open"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Open
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Recent
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Close,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "view-close"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Save,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "buffer-write"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-write"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Save
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+As,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "buffer-write-as"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Revert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+saved
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Print,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "dialog-show print"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show print"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Exit,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "lyx-quit"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+They all do pretty much the same thing as in other word processors, with
+ a few minor differences.
+ The
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+New
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+from
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Template
+\family default
+ command lists the available templates.
+ Selecting a template will automatically set certain layout features for
+ the document, features you would otherwise need to change manually.
+ They can be of use for certain classes, especially those for writing letters
+ (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Document-Classes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ There is no
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+default file
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or document named
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Untitled
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+scratch.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ Unless you tell LyX to open a file or create a new one, that big, blank
+ space is just that — a big, blank space.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Revert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+saved
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Version
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Control
+\family default
+ are useful if more people work on the same document at the same time.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+If you plan to do this, you should check out the Version Control feature
+ in LyX also.
+ Read Additional Features\SpecialChar \@.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Revert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+saved
+\family default
+ will reload the document from disk.
+ You can of course also use it if you regret that you changed a document
+ and want to restore it to the last save.
+ With
+\family sans
+ Version
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Control
+\family default
+you can register the changes you made to a document so that others can identify
+ them as your changes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Basic Editing Features
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Editing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Basic-Editing-Features"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Like most modern word processors, LyX can perform cut and paste operations
+ on blocks of text, can move by character, word, or page of text, and can
+ delete whole words as well as individual characters.
+ The next four sections cover the basic LyX editing features and how to
+ access them.
+ We will start with cut and paste.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As you might expect, the
+\family sans
+Edit
+\family default
+ menu and the standard toolbar has the cut and paste commands, along with
+ various other editing features.
+ Some of these are special and covered in later sections.
+ The basic ones are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Cut
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Cut
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "cut"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "cut"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Copy
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Copy
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "cut"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "copy"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Paste
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paste
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "cut"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "paste"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Recent
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Special
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Find
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Replace
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Find
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Replace
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "dialog-show findreplaceadv"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show findreplace"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The first three are self-explanatory.
+ You can also copy text between LyX and other programs by
+\family sans
+Cut
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Copy
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Paste
+\family default
+.
+
+\family sans
+Cut
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Copy
+\family default
+ put text in two versions into the clipboard (formatted and unformatted),
+ so that other programs can choose the most suitable form.
+
+\family sans
+Paste
+\family default
+ supports formatted and unformatted text as well, and additionally graphics.
+ It tries to interpret the clipboard contents in an intelligent way.
+ For example if the clipboard contains text in the format of comma separated
+ values (CSV) and the cursor is inside a table, the text will be pasted
+ into individual cells.
+ The submenu of
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Recent
+\family default
+ shows you a list with the last strings you have pasted.
+ You can insert one at the current cursor position by clicking on a list
+ entry.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The submenu
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Special
+\family default
+ contains optional items for specific formats, depending on the clipboard
+ contents.
+ These include HTML, LaTeX, Linkback
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+PDF
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+OS X only
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, PDF, PNG, JPEG and EMF.
+ These menu items are useful if the clipboard contains the same contents
+ in different formats, and you want to select one format explicitly.
+ (E.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+some programs put an image into the clipboard as graphics and as a short
+ text which is often meaningless.) The menu item
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Special\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Text,
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+Join
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Lines
+\family default
+ is equivalent to
+\family sans
+Paste
+\family default
+, with the only difference that it acts on text only.
+ It will insert the text in the clipboard so that the whole text is inserted
+ as one paragraph.
+ A new paragraph is only started when there is a blank line in the text.
+ Without
+\family sans
+Join
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Lines
+\family default
+ the text is inserted as paragraphs where the line breaks of the text will
+ start a new paragraph.
+ This is for example useful to copy contents of tables from webpages to
+ a table in LyX.
+ The items
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Special\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Selection,
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+Join
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Lines
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Paste
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Special\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Selection
+\family default
+ paste from the primary selection.
+ This is normally the currently selected text.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Find
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Replace
+\family default
+ item opens the
+\family sans
+Find
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Replace
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ Once you have found a word or expression, LyX selects it.
+ Hitting the
+\family sans
+Replace
+\family default
+ button replaces the selected text with the contents of the
+\family sans
+Replace
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+with
+\family default
+ field.
+ You can click the
+\family sans
+Find
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Next
+\family default
+ button to skip the current word.
+ Hit
+\family sans
+Replace
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+All
+\family default
+ to replace all occurrences of the text in the document automatically.
+ The
+\family sans
+Case
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+sensitive
+\family default
+ option can be used if you want the search to consider the case of the search
+ word.
+ If the toggle is set, searching for
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+Test
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ will not match the word
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+test
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The
+\family sans
+Match whole words only
+\family default
+ option can be used to force LyX to only find complete words, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g., searching for
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+star
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ will not match
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+starlet
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ LyX offers also an advanced
+\family sans
+Find
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Replace
+\family default
+ feature that is described in sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Advanced-Find-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Things like notes, floats, etc.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+(the so called
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+insets
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+) can be dissolved.
+ This means that the inset is deleted and its content is left as normal
+ text.
+ Dissolving an inset is done by setting the cursor to the beginning of an
+ inset and pressing
+\family sans
+Backspace
+\family default
+ or by setting the cursor to the end and pressing
+\family sans
+Delete
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The content of an inset is selected using the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "inset-select-all"
+\end_inset
+
+, the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "command-sequence buffer-begin ; buffer-end-select"
+\end_inset
+
+ selects the whole document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Undo and Redo
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Redo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Undo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Undo-and-Redo"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you make a mistake, you can easily recover from it.
+ LyX has a large-capacity undo/redo buffer.
+ Select
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Undo
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "undo"
+\end_inset
+
+ to undo some mistake.
+ If you accidentally undo too much, use
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Redo
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "redo"
+\end_inset
+
+ to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+undo the undo.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ The undo mechanism is currently limited to 100
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+steps to minimize memory overhead.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that if you revert back all changes to arrive at the document as it
+ was last saved, the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+changed
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ status of the document is unfortunately not reset.
+ This is a consequence of the 100
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+step undo limit mentioned above.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Undo
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Redo
+\family default
+ work on almost everything in LyX.
+ But they will not undo or redo text character by character, but by blocks
+ of text.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Mouse Operations
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Mouse Operations
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These are the most basic mouse operations.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Motion
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Click the
+\emph on
+left mouse button
+\emph default
+ once anywhere in the edit window.
+ The cursor moves to the text under the mouse.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Selecting Text
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Hold down the
+\emph on
+left mouse button
+\emph default
+ and drag the mouse.
+ LyX marks the text between the old and new mouse positions.
+ Use
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Copy
+\family default
+ to create a copy of the text in LyX's buffer (and the clipboard).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Re-position the cursor and then paste the text back into LyX using
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paste
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Insets (Footnotes, Notes, Floats, etc.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+Right-click on them to set their properties.
+ Also check the appropriate section of this manual for more details.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Section
+Navigating
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Navigating"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Navigating
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX offers you several ways to navigate in documents:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The
+\family sans
+Navigate
+\family default
+ menu lists all sections of the document as submenu entries that you can
+ click to jump to the corresponding document part.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The “Outline”, which is accessed either by the menu
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Outline
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Pane
+\family default
+ or by the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-toggle toc"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You can set bookmarks in your document under
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Bookmarks
+\family default
+ and use the same menu to return to them.
+ Note that bookmarks are saved between sessions.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "bookmark-goto 0"
+\end_inset
+
+ (also
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Bookmarks\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Navigate
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Back
+\family default
+) jumps to the position in the document where you recently changed something.
+ This is useful when you have a large document and have navigated or scrolled
+ to another document part to look for something, and want to go back to
+ your last editing position.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+By pressing the
+\family sans
+F5
+\family default
+ key the cursor will be vertically centered in LyX's main window.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+The Outliner
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:The-Outliner"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the pull-down box at the top of the outline window, you can choose between
+ several different lists, including other TOC-like objects, such as lists
+ of tables and figures, but also lists of footnotes, or labels and cross-referen
+ces (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+), or notes, or citations (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ Clicking on any of these will take you to the corresponding object in your
+ document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Right-clicking on elements in the Outline opens in many cases a context
+ menu that will allow for direct modification of those elements.
+ For example, with citations, the context menu allows you to open the citation
+ dialog and to modify the citation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The “Filter” field at the top allows you to restrict which entries appear
+ in the Outline.
+ For example, if you are displaying the list of Labels and References and
+ wish to see only references to subsections, you can enter the text
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+sub:
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in the filter, and only entries containing that text will be displayed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+At the bottom of the outline are several buttons and the like that allow
+ you further to control the display.
+ The
+\family sans
+Sort
+\family default
+ option sorts the current list alphabetically.
+ Otherwise, the elements appear in the order in which they occur in the
+ document.
+ The
+\family sans
+Keep
+\family default
+ option keeps it in the current view state.
+ Keeping means that when you have, for example, the subsections of sections
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2 and 4 displayed and click on section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+3, the subsections of sections
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2 and 4 will still be displayed.
+ Without the
+\family sans
+Keep
+\family default
+ option they will be hidden to highlight the clicked section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+3.
+ Finally, the slider at the left can be used to open the Outline to a given
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+depth
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It is best just to experiment with it to see how it works.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/reload.png
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+button refreshes the TOC (though this should not usually be necessary).
+ Next to it are buttons that allow you to change the position of sections
+ in your document.
+ The
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/down.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/up.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+ buttons move sections up and down in the document.
+ So, for example, you can move section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.5 before section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.4 or after section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.6.
+ LyX will then automatically renumber the sections to the new order.
+ With the buttons
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/promote.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/demote.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (or the corresponding key bindings
+\family sans
+Tab
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Shift-Tab
+\family default
+) you can change the level of sections.
+ So you can for example make section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.5 chapter
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+3 or subsection
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.4.1.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Input/Word Completion
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Input-Completion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Input completion
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Word completion|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Input completion
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX provides completion of words by scanning all documents that are currently
+ opened.
+ Every word that appears in these documents is added to a database that
+ is used to propose completions.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Input completion can be activated in the LyX preferences (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences
+\family default
+) in the section
+\family sans
+Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Input Completion
+\family default
+.
+ With the option
+\family sans
+Automatic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+inline
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+completion
+\family default
+ the proposed completion is shown directly after the cursor.
+ With the option
+\family sans
+Automatic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+popup
+\family default
+ the completions are always shown in a popup.
+ The cursor completion indicator can be turned off by deselecting the option
+
+\family sans
+Cursor
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+indicator
+\family default
+.
+ With the general options you can define the delay time for the inline and
+ popup completion, you can set the minimal number of characters a word must
+ have that it will be taken into account for a completion and you can choose
+ if long completions should be abbreviated.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX displays a small triangle after the cursor as an indicator that there
+ are completions available.
+ Press the
+\family sans
+Tab
+\family default
+ key to accept a proposed completion.
+ If several completions are possible, a popup is opened showing them.
+ You can select a completion in the popup using the mouse or the arrow keys,
+ and accept the chosen completion by pressing
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The completion options for math in the preferences do the same as the correspond
+ing options for text.
+ The special math option
+\family sans
+Autocorrection
+\family default
+ enables characters to be composed.
+ If, for example, you want to insert the character
+\begin_inset Formula $\Rightarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+, you can then input the characters
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+=>
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to a formula to get it.
+ So this is a quick alternative to the insertion of commands or the use
+ of the math toolbar.
+ A list with supported character combinations can be found in the file
+\family typewriter
+autocorrect
+\family default
+ that is in LyX's installation folder.
+ Math autocorrection can at any time be turned on by pressing the exclamation
+ mark key “!”.
+ Pressing
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ turns it off.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Basic Key Bindings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Key Bindings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bindings|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Key Bindings
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Shortcuts|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Key Bindings
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are at least two different primary binding maps:
+\family typewriter
+cua
+\family default
+ and
+\family typewriter
+emacs
+\family default
+.
+ LyX's default is
+\family typewriter
+cua
+\family default
+, which can be changed in the LyX preferences under
+\family sans
+Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Shortcuts
+\family default
+.
+ (You can list or change any key bindings as explained in sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Editing-Shortcuts"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some keys, like
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Up
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Down
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Left
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Right
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Up
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Down
+\family default
+, do exactly what you expect them to do.
+ Other keys don't:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Tab
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "Tab"
+description "Tabulator key"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ There is no such thing as a tab stop in LyX.
+ If you do not understand this, go read sections
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Par-indent-intro"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Paragraph-Environments"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, especially section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Lists"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, right now.
+ Yes, right now.
+ If you are still confused, look in the
+\emph on
+Tutorial
+\emph default
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+In LyX the
+\family sans
+Tab
+\family default
+ key is only used to accept proposed input completions, to move the cursor
+ in tables or math matrices or to change the nesting level in Itemize or
+ Enumerate.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Esc
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "Esc"
+description "Escape key"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+cancel key.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ It is used, generically, to cancel operations.
+ Other parts of the manual will go into greater detail about this.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Home
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+End
+\family default
+ These move the cursor, respectively, to the beginning and end of a line,
+ unless you are using the Emacs bindings where they jump to the beginning
+ or end of the file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are three modifier keys:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Control
+\family default
+ (Denoted by
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Ctrl
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "Ctrl"
+description "Control key"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the documentation files) This has a couple of different uses, depending
+ on which keys it is used in combination with:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Backspace
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Delete
+\family default
+, it deletes an entire word instead of a single character.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Left
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\family default
+, it moves by words instead of characters.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Home
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+End
+\family default
+, it moves to the beginning and the end of the document, respectively.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Shift
+\family default
+ (Denoted by
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Shift
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "Shift"
+description "Shift key"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the documentation files) Use this with any of the arrow keys to select
+ the text between the old and new cursor positions.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Alt
+\family default
+ (Denoted by
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Alt
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "Alt"
+description "Alt or Meta key"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the documentation files) This is the Alt key on many keyboards, unless
+ your keyboard has a distinct Meta key.
+ If you have both keys, you will need to try out which one actually performs
+ the
+\family sans
+Alt+
+\family default
+ function.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+This key does many different things, but it also activates the
+\emph on
+menu accelerator keys
+\emph default
+.
+ If you use this in combination with any of the underlined letters in a
+ menu or menu item, it selects that menu item.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+For example, the sequence
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Alt
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+e
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+s
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+c
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ brings up the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Text Style
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog.
+ Typing
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Alt
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+f
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ opens the
+\family sans
+File
+\family default
+ menu.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\emph on
+Shortcuts
+\emph default
+ manual lists all other things bound to the
+\family sans
+Alt
+\family default
+ key.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+You will learn more and more key bindings and short-cut keys as you use
+ LyX, because most actions will prompt a small message in the status bar
+ at the bottom of LyX's main window which describes the name of the action
+ you have just triggered, and any existing key bindings for that action.
+ The LyX menus also list the defined key bindings.
+ The notation for the key bindings is very similar to the notation used
+ in this documentation, so you should not have any problems understanding
+ it.
+ However, notice that Shift-modifiers are explicitly mentioned, so
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Alt+P Shift+A
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ means
+\family sans
+Alt+P
+\family default
+ followed by a capital
+\family sans
+A
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+LyX Basics
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LyX ! Basics
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Document Types
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Types
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Introduction
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Before you do anything else, before you ever start writing a document, you
+ need to decide what type of document you want to edit.
+ Different types of documents use different types of spacing, headings,
+ numbering schemes, and so on.
+ Additionally, different documents use different paragraph environments,
+ and format the title of your document differently.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A
+\emph on
+document class
+\emph default
+ describes a group of properties common to a particular set of documents.
+ By setting the document class, you automatically select these properties,
+ making it easier to create the type of document you want.
+ If you don't choose a document class, LyX picks one for you by default.
+ So it is up to you to change the class of your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Document Classes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Classes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Document-Classes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can select a class using the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document Class
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog.
+ Select the class you want to use, and make any fine tunings of the options
+ you may need.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Overview
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are four standard document classes in LyX.
+ They are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Article for basic articles
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Report for basic reports
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Book for writing a book
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Letter for US-style letters
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are also some non-standard classes, which LyX only uses if you have
+ installed the corresponding LaTeX class files, though most LaTeX distributions
+ will include many of these.
+ Here are some of the classes.
+ The full list with detailed explanations can be found in chapter
+\emph on
+Special Document Classes
+\emph default
+ in the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+A&A Journal articles in the style and format used in Astronomy & Astrophysics
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+ACS For submissions to the journals published by the American Chemistry
+ Society
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+AGU For submissions to the journals published by the American Geophysical
+ Union
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+AMS Layouts for articles and books in the style and format used by the American
+ Mathematical Society (AMS).
+ There are three article layouts available.
+ The standard one uses a typical numbering scheme for theorems etc., that
+ prepends the section number to the number of the result.
+ All result-type statements (propositions, corollaries, and so on) are sequenced
+ together, but definitions, examples, and the like have their own sequence.
+ The
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+sequential numbering
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ scheme does not place the section number with each result, but numbers
+ them throughout the article in a single sequence.
+ Each type of result gets its own sequence.
+ There is also a layout that dispenses with numbering of statements altogether.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Beamer Layout for presentations
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Broadway Layout for writing plays.
+ It is not an existing LaTeX document class, but a new one that is distributed
+ with LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Chess Layout to write about chess games
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Curriculum
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+vitae classes to create curriculum vitae
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Elsarticle Layout for journals of the Elsevier publishing group
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Foils Used to make transparencies
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Hollywood Used to type spec scripts for the US film industry.
+ It is not an existing LaTeX document class, but a new one that is distributed
+ with LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+IEEEtran Layout for the journals published by the Institute of Electrical
+ and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+IOP Layout for journals of the Institute of Physics publishing group
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Kluwer Layout for journals of the Kluwer publishing group
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+KOMA-Script a replacement for the standard classes, offers many useful features
+ like caption formatting, automatic print space calculation etc.
+ (Is used by this document.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Memoir another replacement for the standard classes
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Powerdot Layout for presentations
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+REVTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X is used to write articles for the publications of the American Physical
+ Society (APS), American Institute of Physics (AIP), and Optical Society
+ of America (OSA).
+ This class is not completely compatible with all LyX features.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Slides Used to make transparencies
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+SPIE
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Proceedings Layout for the journals published by The International Society
+ for Optical Engineering (SPIE)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Springer Layouts for journals of the Springer publishing group
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We will not go into detail about how to use these different document classes
+ here.
+ You can find details about the non-standard classes in Chapter 6 of the
+
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+ Here, we will settle for a list of some of the common properties of all
+ of the document classes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Availability
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You will probably find that many of the document classes listed under
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document Class
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+are marked as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Unavailable
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you open a document that uses such a class, you will receive a warning
+ saying that there are files that are required to produce output that are
+ not installed.
+ So it may seem that something is wrong.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Nothing is wrong.
+ LyX includes many more document classes than you will ever need to use,
+ and some of them, like
+\family sans
+IOP
+\family default
+, are highly specialized.
+ LyX tries to support as many different types of documents as possible,
+ and it includes almost one hundred different layout files, with a growing
+ number.
+ No LaTeX distribution will install by default all files that might be needed
+ by some document class.
+ There are just too many of them.
+ That is why some of the document classes are unavailable.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If there is a document class you would like to use that is marked as
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+Unavailable
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, you just need to install the appropriate package files.
+ The easiest way to find out which files you need to install is to use that
+ document class for a new file.
+ LyX will display a dialog that will list the missing files.
+ See section
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Installing new LaTeX files
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual for information on how to install them.
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Although LyX provides support for many different sorts of documents, it
+ does not include support for every document class people might want to
+ use.
+ For example, many universities provide LaTeX class files to be used for
+ dissertations submitted to those universities.
+ The LyX team cannot write layout files to support every one of these.
+ There are too many.
+ Fortunately, users can write their own layout files, and many users have
+ done so.
+ Chapter
+\emph on
+Installing New Document Classes, Layouts, and Templates
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual contains information on how to create layout files.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Modules
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Modules"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Modules
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Modules load additional features that are not by default available in the
+ chosen document class.
+ For example you might want to write Braille (embossed printing) in a document.
+ This is not available in any document class, so you have to load the correspond
+ing module in the
+\family sans
+Modules
+\family default
+ section of the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog.
+ Highlighting a module in the dialog will bring up a description of what
+ it does.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some modules require LaTeX packages or file format converters that are not
+ always installed by default.
+ LyX will warn you if you do not have a required package or converter, and
+ it will tell you what exactly you are missing.
+ You can still use the module while editing your file, but you will not
+ be able to export to PDF or print your document, since LyX will not be
+ able to compile the LaTeX file without the missing prerequisites.
+ If you want to be able to produce this kind of output, then you need to
+ install the missing prerequisites and then reconfigure LyX by selecting
+
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Reconfigure
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ See section
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Installing new LaTeX files
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual for more information on installing required packages.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Some modules require other modules, and some pairs of modules are incompatible.
+ LyX will advise you about these things.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Local Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Local-Layout"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Local Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Modules are to LyX much as packages are to LaTeX: They are intended to be
+ used in a variety of different documents.
+ If you often find yourself needing the same sort of thing in different
+ documents, you should consider writing a module for this purpose.
+ Sometimes, however, a particular document has very special needs, but you
+ need a specific inset or character style only that one time.
+ You want something that is like a document's own LaTeX preamble.
+ What you want is LyX's
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Local Layout
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ See section
+\emph on
+Local Layout
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual for information on how to use it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Properties
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Each class has a default set of options.
+ Here's a quick table describing them:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="5">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Page style
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Sides
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Columns
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Max.
+ sectioning level
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+article
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Plain
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Section
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+report
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Plain
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Chapter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+book
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Headings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Two
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Chapter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+letter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Plain
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+One
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+none
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You're probably also wondering what
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Max.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+sectioning level
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ means.
+ There are several paragraph environments used to create section headings.
+ Different document classes allow different types of section headings.
+ Only two use the
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+ heading; the rest do not and begin instead with the
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+ heading.
+ Some document classes, such as the ones for letters, don't use any section
+ headings.
+ In addition to
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+ headings, there are also
+\family sans
+Subsection
+\family default
+ headings,
+\family sans
+Subsubsection
+\family default
+ headings, and so on.
+ We will describe these headings fully in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Headings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Document Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Document-Layout"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The most important properties of document classes are set in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+.
+ There in the
+\family sans
+Class
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+options
+\family default
+ field under
+\family sans
+Documents
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Class
+\family default
+, you can enter special options for your document class in a comma-separated
+ list.
+ This is only necessary if LyX doesn't support special options you want
+ to use for your document.
+ To learn more about your favorite LaTeX-class and its options, you have
+ to read its manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The drop box
+\family sans
+Headings
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+style
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog under
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+ controls what sorts of headings and page numbers go on a page.
+ You can choose between the following five options:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ Use default page style of current class.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+empty
+\family default
+ No page numbers or headings.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+plain
+\family default
+ Page numbers only.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+headings
+\family default
+ Page numbers and either the current chapter or section title and number.
+ Whether LyX uses the current chapter or the current section depends on
+ the maximum sectioning level of the class.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+fancy
+\family default
+ This allows you to define fully customizable headers and footers if you
+ have the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+fancyhdr
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! fancyhdr
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ installed.
+ How they are defined is explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Customized-Page-Headers"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The separation of paragraphs is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Paragraph-Separation"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Paper Size and Orientation
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Paper size
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Paper-Size,-Orientation"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can find the following options in the menu
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+ of the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog:
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Paper
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+ What size paper to print on.
+ The choices are
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Default
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+A0 - A6
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+B0 - B6
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+C0 - C6
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+US letter, US legal, US executive
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+JIS B0 - JIS B6
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Custom
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Orientation
+\family default
+ To choose whether to output as
+\family sans
+Landscape
+\family default
+ or as
+\family sans
+Portrait
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Two-sided
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+document
+\family default
+ Adjusts the print space to print both sides of paper.
+ That means that the print space for odd- and even-numbered pages is different.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Margins
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Margins"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Margins
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Margins
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Paper margins are set in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you use a KOMA-Script document class, you can use the default settings
+ because KOMA-Script calculates the print space automatically by taking
+ the paper format and the font size into account.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Important Note
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you change a document class, LyX has to convert
+\emph on
+everything
+\emph default
+ into the new class.
+ That includes the paragraph environments.
+ Some paragraph environments are standard, in so far as all of the document
+ classes have them; but some classes have special paragraph environments.
+ If this is the case, and you change the document class, LyX will mark the
+ paragraphs whose styles it no longer understands as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+unknown
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The name of the style is retained, in case you should want to go back to
+ the old class.
+ But these paragraphs will be output with no special formatting, so you
+ will either need to create a new style yourself or else convert these paragraph
+s manually to a style present in your new document class.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Paragraph Indentation and Separation
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Indentation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Introduction
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Par-indent-intro"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Before describing all of the various paragraph environments, we'd like to
+ say a word or two about paragraph indentation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Everyone seems to have their own convention for separating paragraphs.
+ Most Americans indent the first line of a paragraph.
+ Others don't indent but put extra space between the paragraphs.
+ If you choose indentation for paragraphs the
+\emph on
+first
+\emph default
+ paragraph of a section, or after a figure, an equation, a table, a list,
+ etc., is
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ indented.
+ Only a paragraph following another paragraph gets indented.
+ Note that the indentation behavior is different when you use another document
+ language than English.
+ LaTeX takes care that the indentation follows the rules of the language
+ used.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The space between paragraphs, like the line spacing, the space between headings
+ and text — in fact, all the spacing for just about everything —is pre-coded
+ into LyX.
+ As we said, you don't worry about how much space to add between what.
+ LyX takes care of that.
+ In fact, these pre-coded vertical spacings aren't a single number but a
+ range.
+ That way, LyX can squish or stretch the space between lines to make sure
+ figures fit on a page with text, so that sections don't start at the bottom
+ of a page, and so on.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX does this when LyX goes to produce a printable file.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ However, pre-coded doesn't mean you can't change them.
+ LyX gives you the ability globally to change
+\emph on
+all
+\emph default
+ these pre-coded spacings.
+ We will explain more later.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Paragraph Separation
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Paragraph-Separation"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Separation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Select
+\family sans
+Indentation
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Vertical
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+space
+\family default
+ in the submenu
+\family sans
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+ of the dialog
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to indent paragraphs or to add extra space between paragraphs, respectively.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Fine-Tuning
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also change the separation method of a single paragraph.
+ Open the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog and toggle the
+\family sans
+Indent
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Paragraph
+\family default
+ option to change the state of the current paragraph (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-params \\indent-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ If paragraphs have no indentation but use extra space for separation, this
+ button will be ignored (you can't indent a single paragraph by toggling
+ this).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You should only need to change the indentation method for a single paragraph
+ if you need to do some fine-tuning.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Line Spacing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Line spacing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\noun on
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+\noun default
+ dialog you can set the line spacing for the whole document in the submenu
+
+\family sans
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+You need to have the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+setspace
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! setspace
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ installed to use this feature.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ You can set it for a single paragraph in the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog but this should be used very exceptionally because vertical spacing
+ is normally defined in the environment's style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Paragraph Environments
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Paragraph-Environments"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Environments
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph environments|(
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Overview
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Paragraph environments correspond to the
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+begin{
+\emph on
+environment
+\emph default
+} ...
+
+\backslash
+end{
+\emph on
+environment
+\emph default
+}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+command sequence in LaTeX files.
+ If you don't know LaTeX, or the concept of a paragraph environment is totally
+ alien to you, we urge you to read the
+\emph on
+Tutorial
+\emph default
+.
+ The
+\emph on
+Tutorial
+\emph default
+ also contains many more examples than this section does.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A paragraph environment is simply a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+container
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ for a paragraph which gives that paragraph certain properties.
+ This can include a particular style of font, different margins, a numbering
+ scheme, labels, and so on.
+ Additionally, you can
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+nest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ the different environments inside one another, allowing one environment
+ to inherit some of the properties of another.
+ The different paragraph environments totally replace the need for messy
+ tab stops, on the fly margin adjustment, and other hangovers from the days
+ of typewriters.
+ There are several paragraph environments that are specific to a particular
+ document type.
+ We will only be covering the most common ones here.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To choose a new paragraph environment, use the pull-down box
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/ToolbarEnvBox.png
+ scale 70
+ clip
+
+\end_inset
+
+ at the left end of the toolbar.
+ LyX will change the environment of the
+\emph on
+entire
+\emph default
+ paragraph in which the cursor sits.
+ You can also change the environment of an entire group of paragraphs if
+ you select them before choosing the new environment.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that entering
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ will
+\emph on
+typically
+\emph default
+ create a new paragraph using the
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ paragraph environment.
+ We say
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+typically
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ because if you are in one of these environments:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Quote
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Verse
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Description
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+List
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX keeps the old paragraph environment when you enter
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+, rather than resetting it to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+.
+ Also the nesting depth is preserved (for more on nesting see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The default paragraph environment is
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ for most classes.
+ It creates a plain paragraph.
+ If LyX resets the paragraph environment, this is the one it chooses.
+ In fact, the paragraph you're reading right now (and most of the ones in
+ this manual) are in the
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can nest a paragraph using the
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment in just about anything else, but you can't really nest anything
+ in a
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Document Title
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Title
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A LaTeX title page has three parts: the title itself, the name(s) of the
+ author(s) and a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+footnote
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ for thanks or contact information.
+ For certain types of documents, LaTeX places all of this on a separate
+ page along with today's date.
+ For other types of documents, the title
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ goes at the top of the first page of the document.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX provides an interface to the title page commands through the paragraph
+ environments
+\family sans
+Title
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Author
+\family default
+, and
+\family sans
+Date
+\family default
+.
+ Here's how you use them:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Put the title of your document in the
+\family sans
+Title
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Put the author name in the
+\family sans
+Author
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+If you want the date to have a certain appearance, want to use a fixed date,
+ or want other text to appear in place of today's date, put that text in
+ the
+\family sans
+Date
+\family default
+ environment.
+ Note that using this environment is optional.
+ If you don't provide any, LaTeX will automatically insert today's date.
+ If you don't want a date, use the option
+\family sans
+Suppress default date on front page
+\family default
+ in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+class
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can use footnotes to insert
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+thanks
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or contact information.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Headings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Section headings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Headings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are several paragraph environments for producing section headings.
+ LyX takes care of the numbering for you.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Numbered Headings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Section headings ! Numbered
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are 7 numbered types of section headings.
+ They are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Part
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Section
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Subsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Paragraph
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\family sans
+Subparagraph
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX labels each heading with a series of numbers, separated by periods.
+ The numbers describe where in the document you are.
+ Unlike the other headings, parts are numbered with Latin letters.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Headings all subdivide your document into different pieces of text.
+ For example, suppose you're writing a book.
+ You group the book into chapters.
+ LyX does a similar grouping:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Part
+\family default
+ is divided into either
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+s or
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+s
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+s are divided into
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+s
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+s are divided into
+\family sans
+Subsection
+\family default
+s
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subsection
+\family default
+s are divided into
+\family sans
+Subsubsection
+\family default
+s
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subsubsection
+\family default
+s are divided into
+\family sans
+Paragraph
+\family default
+s
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Paragraph
+\family default
+s are divided into
+\family sans
+Subparagraph
+\family default
+s
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Not all document types use the
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+ heading as the maximum sectioning level.
+ In that case the
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+ is the top-level heading.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+So, if you use the
+\family sans
+Subsubsection
+\family default
+ environment to label a new sub-subsection, LyX labels it with its number,
+ along with the number of the subsection, section and, if applicable, chapter
+ that it's in.
+ For example: the fifth section of the second chapter of this book has the
+ label
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+2.5
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Unnumbered Headings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Section headings ! Unnumbered
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The unnumbered section headings have a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+*
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ at the end of their name.
+ They work the same as their numbered counterparts but will not appear in
+ the table of contents, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:toc"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Changing the Numbering
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Numbering-depth"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also alter which sectioning levels get numbered and which ones appear
+ in the Table of Contents.
+ Now, this doesn't remove any of the levels; that's preset in the document
+ class.
+ Just as certain classes start with
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+ and go down to the
+\family sans
+Subparagraph
+\family default
+ level.
+ Others start at
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+.
+ Similarly, not all document classes number all sectioning levels.
+ Most don't number
+\family sans
+Paragraph
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Subparagraph
+\family default
+.
+ This is something you can change.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Open the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Under
+\family sans
+Numbering
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+TOC
+\family default
+ you will see two counters.
+ The one named
+\family sans
+Numbering
+\family default
+ controls how far down in the sectioning hierarchy LyX numbers a section
+ heading.
+ The other one controls the appearance of the section headings in the table
+ of contents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Short Titles of Headings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Section headings ! Short titles
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Short Titles
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Short-Titles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some section or chapter titles, such as this one, can get quite long.
+ This can cause trouble when there is limited horizontal space.
+ For example, if the header of the page is set to show the current section
+ title, a long title will protrude over the page margins and look awful.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LaTeX allows you to specify a short title for section headings.
+ This short title is used in the header and in the actual table of contents,
+ avoiding the problem mentioned.
+ To specify a short title, set the cursor behind the title and use the menu
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Short
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Title
+\family default
+.
+ This will insert a box labeled
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Short
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Title
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ which you can use to enter the short title text.
+ This also works for captions inside floats.
+ There can only be one short title per title.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The title of this section is a good example of using this feature.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Special Information
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The following information applies to all section headings:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You cannot do any nesting with these environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You cannot use a margin note in any of these environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You can only use inline math in these environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You can use labels and cross-references to refer to their numbers.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Quotes and Poetry
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX has three paragraph environments for writing poetry and quotations.
+ They are
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+, and
+\family sans
+Verse
+\family default
+.
+ Forget the days of changing line spacing and twiddling with margins.
+ These three paragraph environments already have those changes built-in.
+ They all widen the left margin and add a bit of extra space above and below
+ the text they contain.
+ They also allow nesting, so you can put a
+\family sans
+Verse
+\family default
+ in a
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+, as well as in some other paragraph environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is another feature of these three paragraph environments: they do
+
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ reset to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ when you start a new paragraph.
+ So, you can type in that poem and merrily enter
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ without worrying about the paragraph environment changing on you.
+ Of course, that means that, once you are done typing in that poem, you
+ have to change back to the
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment yourself.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Quote and Quotation
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Quote"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Quotation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Now that we've described the similarities of these three environments, it's
+ time for the differences.
+
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ are identical except for one difference:
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ uses extra spacing to separate paragraphs and never indents the first line.
+
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+
+\emph on
+always
+\emph default
+ indents the first line of a paragraph and uses the same line spacing throughout.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here's an example of the
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ environment:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+This is in the
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ environment.
+ I can keep writing, extending this line out further and further until it
+ wraps.
+ See – no indentation!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+Here's the second paragraph of this quote.
+ Again, there's no indentation, but there is extra space between me and
+ the other paragraph.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here's another example, this time in the
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ environment:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+This is in the
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ environment.
+ If I keep writing, you will see the indentation.
+ If your country uses a writing style that indicates new paragraphs by indenting
+ the first line, then
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ is the environment for you! Well, you'd use it
+\emph on
+if
+\emph default
+ you were quoting other text.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+Here's a new paragraph.
+ I could ramble on and on, like a politician at election time.
+ If I did that, though, you'd get bored.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As the examples show,
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ is for those people who use extra space to separate paragraphs.
+ They should put quotes in the
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ environment.
+ Those who use indentation to mark a new paragraph should use the
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ paragraph environment for quoted text.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Verse
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Verse
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Poetry
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Verse"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Verse
+\family default
+ is a paragraph environment for poetry, rhymes, verses, and so on.
+ Here's an example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verse
+This is in Verse
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Which I did not rehearse!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verse
+It could be much worse.
+ This line could be long, very long, oh so long, so very long that it wraps
+ around.
+ It looks okay on screen, but in the printed version, the extra lines are
+ indented a bit more than the first.
+ Okay, so it's turned to prose and doesn't rhyme anymore.
+ So sue me.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verse
+To break a line
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+And make things look fine
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As you can see,
+\family sans
+Verse
+\family default
+ does not indent both margins.
+ Each stanza of the verse or poem is in its own paragraph.
+ To separate the individual lines of a stanza, use the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Lists
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Lists"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX has four different paragraph environments for creating different kinds
+ of lists.
+ In the
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environments, LyX labels your list items with bullets or numbers, respectively.
+ In the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+List
+\family default
+ environments, LyX lets you provide your own label.
+ We will present the individual details of each type of list next after
+ describing some general features of all four of them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+General Features
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The four paragraph environments for lists differ from the other environments
+ in several ways.
+ First, LyX treats each paragraph as a list item.
+ Hitting
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ does
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ reset the environment to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ but keeps the current environment and creates a new list item.
+ The nesting depth is thereby kept.
+ If you want to keep the paragraph environment but reset the current nesting
+ depth, you can use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you do this at the top level of a list, it returns you to the
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can nest lists of any type inside one another.
+ In fact, LyX changes the labels on some list items depending on how it
+ is nested.
+ If you intend to use any of the list paragraph environments, we suggest
+ you read all of section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Itemize
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Itemize
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Itemize"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The first type of list we will describe in detail is the
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ paragraph environment.
+ It has the following properties:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Each item has a particular bullet or symbol as its label.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+LyX uses the same symbol for all of the items in a given nesting level.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The symbol appears at the beginning of the first line.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The items can have any length.
+ LyX automatically offsets the left margin of each item.
+ The offset is always relative to whatever environment the
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ list may be in.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+If you nest an
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment inside another
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment, the label changes to a new symbol.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+There are four different symbols for up to a four-fold nesting.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+LyX always shows the same symbol on screen.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+See section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for a full explanation of nesting.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+Of course, that explanation was also an example of an
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ list.
+ The
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment is best suited for lists where the order doesn't matter.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We said that different levels use different symbols as their label.
+ Here's an example of all four possible symbols.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The label for the first level
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ is a large black dot, or bullet.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The label for the second level is a dash.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The label for the third is an asterisk.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The label for the fourth is a centered dot.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Back out to the third level.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Back to the second level.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Back to the outermost level.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These are the default labels for an
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ list.
+ You can customize how these labels are displayed in the output in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog in the submenu
+\family sans
+Bullets
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ These customizations are not displayed in LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Notice how the space between items decreases with increasing depth.
+ We will explain nesting and all the tricks you can do with different depths
+ in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Enumerate
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Enumerate
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Enumerate"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment is used to create numbered lists and outlines.
+ It has these properties:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Each item has a numeral as its label.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+The label type depends on the nesting depth.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+LyX automatically counts the items for you and updates the label as appropriate.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Each new
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment resets the counter to one.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Like the
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment, the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Offsets the items relative to the left margin.
+ Items can have any length.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Reduces the space between items as the nesting depth increases.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Uses different types of labels depending on the nesting depth.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Allows up to a four-fold nesting.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+Unlike the
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment,
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ shows the different labels for each item in LyX.
+ Here is how LyX labels the four different levels in an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+The first level of an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ uses Arabic numerals followed by a period.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+The second level uses lower case letters surrounded by parentheses.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+The third level uses lower-case Roman numerals followed by a period.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+The fourth level uses capital letters followed by a period.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Again, notice the decrease in the spacing between items as the nesting depth
+ increases.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Back to the third level
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Back to the second level.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Back to the outermost level.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can customize the type of numbering used in the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Customized-Lists"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Such customization only shows up in the printed version, not in LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is more to nesting
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environments than we've stated here.
+ You should read section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to learn more about nesting.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Description
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Description
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Unlike the previous two environments, the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ list has no fixed label.
+ Instead, LyX uses the first
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+word
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of the first line as the label.
+ Here's an example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Example: This is an example of the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX typesets the label in boldface and puts extra space between it and the
+ rest of the line.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the first
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+word
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ it is meant that the first usage of the
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ key ends the label if you are at the beginning of the first line of an
+ item.
+ If you need to use more than one word in a label use a
+\family sans
+Protected Space
+\family default
+.
+ (Use either
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "command-alternatives math-space ; space-insert protected"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Protected
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Protected-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for more information.) Here is an example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Second
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Example: This one shows how to use a
+\family sans
+Protected
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ in the label of a
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ list item.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Usage: You should use the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ environment for things like definitions and theorems.
+ Use it when you need to make one word in particular stand out in the text
+ that describes it.
+ It's not a good idea to use a
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ environment when you have an entire sentence that you want to describe.
+ You're better off using
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ and nesting several
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ paragraphs into them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Nesting: You can nest
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ environments inside one another, nest them in other types of lists, and
+ so on.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Notice that after the first line, LyX indents subsequent lines, offsetting
+ them from the first line.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Labeling
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Labeling
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ environment is a LyX extension to LaTeX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Like the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ list the
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ list has user-defined labels for each list item but it provides some additional
+ features.
+ Here are its properties:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+item
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+labels LyX uses the first
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+word
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of each line as the item label.
+ The first
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ after the beginning of the first line of an item marks the end of the label.
+ If you need to use more than one word in an item label, use a protected
+ space as described above.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+margins As you can see, LyX uses different margins for the item label and
+ the body of the item text.
+ The body of the text has a larger left margin, which is equal to the default
+ label width plus a little extra space.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+label
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+width LyX uses the width of the label, or the default width, whatever is
+ larger.
+ If the label width is larger, the label
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+extends
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ into the first line.
+ In other words, the text of the first line isn't aligned with the left
+ margin of the rest of the item text.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+width You can set the default label width to ensure that the text of all
+ items in a
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ environment has the same left margin.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+To change the default width, select all items in the list.
+ Now open the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout-paragraph"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The text in the box
+\family sans
+Longest
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+label
+\family default
+ determines the default label width.
+ You can use the text of your largest label here, but you can also use the
+ letter
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+M
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ multiple times instead.
+ M is the widest character and is a standard unit of widths in LaTeX.
+ By using
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+M
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ as the unit of width you don't need to keep changing the contents of
+\family sans
+Longest
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+label
+\family default
+ every time you alter a label in a
+\family sans
+List
+\family default
+ environment.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The predefined default width is the length of
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+00.00.0000
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (equal to 6
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+M).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You should use the
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ list the same way as the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ list: When you need one word to stand out from the text that describes
+ it.
+ The
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ environment gives you another way to do this, using a different overall
+ layout.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can nest
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ lists inside one another, nest them in other types of lists, and so on.
+ They work just like the other list paragraph environments.
+ Read section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to learn about nesting.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is yet another feature of the
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ list: As you can see in the examples, LyX left-justifies the item labels
+ by default.
+ You can use additional
+\family sans
+HFills
+\family default
+ to change how LyX justifies the item label.
+
+\family sans
+Hfills
+\family default
+ are documented in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Here are some examples:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+Left The default for
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ item labels.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+Right One
+\family sans
+HFill
+\family default
+ at the beginning of the label right justifies it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+Center
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+ One
+\family sans
+HFill
+\family default
+ at the beginning of the label and one at the end centers it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Customized Lists
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Customized-Lists"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Customized
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The features described in this section require that the module
+\family sans
+Customisable Lists (enumitem)
+\family default
+ is loaded in the document settings.
+ The module uses the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+enumitem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! enumitem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Custom Enumerate Lists
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Enumerate ! Custom
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+The default numbering of numbered lists can be changed by adding an optional
+ argument (menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Short Title
+\family default
+) to the first item of each level in the list.
+ There you add the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+label=
+\backslash
+roman{enumi}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+in TeX Code (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "ert-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+For more about TeX Code, look at section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:TeX-Code"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\emph on
+ enumi
+\emph default
+ is hereby the first level counter of the enumeration.
+ The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+roman
+\series default
+ outputs the counter as a small Roman numeral.
+ For capital Roman numerals replace
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+roman
+\series default
+ with
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Roman
+\series default
+ in the command above.
+ For Arabic numerals use
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+arabic
+\series default
+.
+ To
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+number
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ items with capital or small Latin letters use
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Alph
+\series default
+ or
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+alph
+\series default
+, respectively.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ You can only number 26
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+items with Latin letters, because this numbering is limited to single letters.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To change the numbering for the list sublevels, replace the 'i' in the command
+ by the small Roman numeral of the level (enumi, enumii, enumiii, enumiv).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is a list with custom numbering:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+label=
+\backslash
+#
+\backslash
+Alph{enumi}
+\backslash
+#
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Level 1
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+label=
+\backslash
+Alph{enumi}.
+\backslash
+arabic{enumii}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Level 2
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Level 2
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+label=
+\backslash
+bf{
+\backslash
+arabic{enumiii}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Level 3
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+label=
+\backslash
+emph{
+\backslash
+roman{enumiv})}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Level 4
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+For this list these commands were used:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+
+\series bold
+label=
+\backslash
+#
+\backslash
+Alph{enumi}
+\backslash
+#
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+label=
+\backslash
+Alph{enumi}.
+\backslash
+arabic{enumii}
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+label=
+\backslash
+bf{
+\backslash
+arabic{enumiii}}
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+label=
+\backslash
+emph{
+\backslash
+roman{enumiv})}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+where the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+emph{}
+\series default
+ makes the label emphasized and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+bf{}
+\series default
+ makes it bold.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ When you change the label of a list level, it will be used for all following
+ lists until you change the definition.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Resumed Enumeration
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Enumerate ! Resumed
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Enumerations can be resumed after intermediate paragraphs:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+label=
+\backslash
+arabic{enumi}.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+first
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+goes back to default numbering
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+second
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+regular text
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate-Resume
+resumed
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To resume an enumeration, use the style
+\family sans
+Enumerate-Resume
+\family default
+.
+ Its numbering appears in blue within LyX to indicate that it is a resumed
+ list and that the numbering will not be correct in LyX, but in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ If there is no previous enumeration to resume, you will get a LaTeX error.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Perhaps you might want to resume the list with a different number from the
+ next one.
+ Or you want to start a new enumeration with a defined number.
+ This is possible by adding an optional argument to the first list item
+ of a normal enumeration.
+ There, insert the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+start=number
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+where
+\emph on
+number
+\emph default
+ is the number with which you want to resume the list.
+ An example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+first item
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+second item
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Enumeration starting at a given value:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+start=4
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+This enumeration starts at 4
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+List Spacing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Spacing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In some cases you might want less or more vertical space between the items
+ of a list.
+ For example if the default space is too much in your opinion in this case:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+A bullet list
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+with standard spacing
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can decrease the space by adding an optional argument to the first item
+ of the list.
+ Add there the command
+\series bold
+nolistsep
+\series default
+ to get no additional list space like in this example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+nolistsep
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A bullet list
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+without additional
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+vertical space
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To add space you can use several other commands provided by the LaTeX-package
+
+\series bold
+enumitem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! enumitem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ For more information see its documentation,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "enumitem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are also many commands available to change the horizontal spacing
+ and indentation.
+ Here is an example where the indentation was changed to that of the paragraphs
+ in the document and the label separation was set to 2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm so that the number is in the page margin:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+labelindent=
+\backslash
+parindent, labelsep=2cm
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+An enumeration
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+with negative indentation
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Further Customization
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Lists ! Customization
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also change the style of description lists.
+ The command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+font=definition
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+changes the description label font, the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+style=definition
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+sets the list style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An example where the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+font=
+\backslash
+itshape, style=nextline
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+is used:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Ionizing
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+radiation:
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+labelindent=0pt, labelsep=1cm, font=
+\backslash
+itshape, style=nextline
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Ionizing radiation consists of particles or electromagnetic waves that are
+ energetic enough to detach electrons from atoms or molecules, therefore
+ ionizing them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Reference
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+counting: In computer science, reference counting is a technique of storing
+ the number of references, pointers, or handles to a resource such as an
+ object, block of memory, disk space or other resource.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are many more commands and features provided by the LaTeX-package
+
+\series bold
+enumitem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! enumitem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ For more information see its documentation
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "enumitem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Letters
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Letters
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Address and Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address: An Overview
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Although LyX has document classes for letters, we've also created two paragraph
+ environments called
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+.
+ To use the letter class, you need to use specific paragraph environments
+ in a specific order, otherwise LaTeX gags on the document.
+ In contrast, you can use the
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ paragraph environments anywhere with no problem.
+ You can even nest them inside other environments, though you can't nest
+ anything in them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Of course, you're not limited to using
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ for letters only.
+
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+, in particular, is useful for creating article titles like those used in
+ some European academic papers.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Usage
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Address-Usage"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ environment formats text in the style of an address, which is also used
+ for the opening and signature in some countries.
+ Similarly, the
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ environment formats text in the style of a right-justified address, which
+ is used for the sender's address and today's date in some countries.
+ Here's an example of each:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Right Address
+Right Address
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Who I am
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Where I am
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+When is it? What is today?
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+That was
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+.
+ Notice that the lines all have the same left margin, which LyX sets to
+ fit the largest block of text on a single line.
+ Here's an example of the
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ environment:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Address
+Who are you
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Where do I send this
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Your post office and country
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As you can see, both
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ add extra space between themselves and the next paragraph.
+ If you enter
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ in either of these environments, LyX resets the nesting depth and sets
+ the environment to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+.
+ This makes sense, since
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ is the
+\family typewriter
+paragraph-break
+\family default
+ function, and the individual lines of an address are not paragraphs.
+ Thus, you have to use
+\family typewriter
+break-line
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Ragged
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break
+\family default
+) to start a new line in an
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Academic Writing
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Most academic writing begins with an abstract and ends with a bibliography
+ or list of references.
+ LyX contains paragraph environments for both of these.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Abstract
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Abstracts
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ environment is used for the abstract of an article.
+ Technically, you could use this environment anywhere, but you really should
+ only use it at the beginning of the document, after the title.
+ Also, don't bother trying to nest
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ in anything else or
+\emph on
+vice versa
+\emph default
+.
+ It will not work.
+ The
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ environment is only useful in the article and report document classes.
+ The book document classes ignores the
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ completely, and it's utterly silly to use
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ in a letter document class.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ environment does several things for you.
+ First, it puts the centered label
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Abstract
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ above the text.
+ The label and the text of the abstract are separated by some extra vertical
+ space.
+ Second, it typesets everything in a smaller font, just as you'd expect.
+ Lastly, it adds a bit of extra vertical space between the abstract and
+ the subsequent text.
+ Well, that's how it will appear on the LyX screen.
+ The actual appearance in the output depends on the document class you are
+ using.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Starting a new paragraph by entering
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ does not reset the paragraph environment.
+ The new paragraph will still be in the
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ environment.
+ So, you will have to change the paragraph environment yourself when you
+ finish entering the abstract of your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float figure
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/Abstract.pdf
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "fig:Paragraph-in-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Paragraph in the
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ environment
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We would love to demonstrate the
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\family default
+ environment, but since this document is in the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+book
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ class, we can't do this.
+ We inserted it therefore as figure
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Paragraph-in-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you have never heard of an
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+abstract
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ before, you can safely ignore this environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Bibliography
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bibliography
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Biblio_environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ environment is used to list references.
+ Technically, you could use this environment anywhere, but you really should
+ only use it at the end of the document.
+ Nesting
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ in anything else or
+\emph on
+vice versa
+\emph default
+ will not work.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you first open a
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ environment, LyX adds a large vertical space, followed by the heading
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Bibliography
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+References,
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ depending on the document class.
+ The heading is in a large boldface font.
+ Each paragraph of the
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ environment is a bibliography entry.
+ Thus, entering
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ does not reset the paragraph environment.
+ Each new paragraph is still in the
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is another, usually better way to include references in your document
+ by using a BibTeX database.
+ For more information on that, and for a detailed description of LyX's bibliogra
+phy handling, have a look at section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Special Environments
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX provides two environments that can be used to emulate the behavior of
+ a computer console/terminal and a typewriter.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+LyX
+\family sans
+-Code
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LyX-Code
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:LyX-Code"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ environment is a LyX extension.
+ It type-sets text in a typewriter-style font.
+ It also treats the
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ key as a fixed whitespace.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+In the
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ environment, the
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ key is treated as a
+\family sans
+Protected
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Blank
+\family default
+ instead of an end-of-word marker.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Verbatim
+\family default
+ are the only environments in which you can type multiple whitespaces in
+ LyX.
+ If you need to insert blank lines, you will still need to use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ (the
+\family typewriter
+break-line
+\family default
+ function).
+
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ breaks paragraphs.
+ Note, however, that
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ does not reset the paragraph environment.
+ So, when you finish using the
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ environment, you will need to change the paragraph environment yourself.
+ Also, you can nest the
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ environment inside of others.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are a few quirks with this environment:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You cannot use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ at the beginning of a new paragraph (i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+you can't follow
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ with a
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You cannot follow a
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ with a
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ but with a
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "command-alternatives math-space ; space-insert protected"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You cannot have an empty paragraph or an empty line.
+ You must put at least one
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ in any line you want blank.
+ Otherwise, LaTeX generates errors.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+You cannot get the typewriter double quotes by typing
+\family sans
+"
+\family default
+ since that will insert
+\emph on
+real
+\emph default
+ quotes.
+ You get the typewriter double quotes with
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "self-insert \""
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+#include <stdio.h>
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+int main(void)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+ printf("Hello World!
+\backslash
+n");
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+ return 0;
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is just the standard
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Hello world!
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ program.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ has one purpose: to typeset code, such as program source, shell scripts
+ and so on.
+ Use it only in those very special cases where you need to generate text
+ as if you used a typewriter.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph environments|)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ For longer parts of programming code, use the listings inset that is described
+ in the chapter
+\emph on
+Program Code Listings
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Verbatim
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Verbatim
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Verbatim
+\family default
+ environment is similar to the
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ environment with the difference that its content will be treated like a
+ computer console text.
+
+\family sans
+Verbatim
+\family default
+ does therefore not have paragraphs so that
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ breaks lines.
+ Compared to
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+ the
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ key is treated like a normal space in text (not as a protected space) and
+ you can have empty lines.
+ In contrary to
+\family sans
+LyX-Code,
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Verbatim
+\family default
+ cannot
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+have a certain language and a text style
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+contain hyperlinks, boxes, foot- and margin notes, notes, math, citations,
+ index- and nomenclature entries, labels, tables, graphics, listings, floats
+ and TeX-Code
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Because of these properties
+\family sans
+Verbatim
+\family default
+ works like a typewriter.
+ Here is an example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verbatim
+This is verbatim.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verbatim
+\noindent
+\align block
+The following 2 lines are empty:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verbatim
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verbatim
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verbatim
+Almost everything is allowed in verbatim:"%&$§#~'`
+\backslash
+}][{|
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Nesting Environments
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nesting ! Environments
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Introduction
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX treats text as a unified block with a particular context and specific
+ properties.
+ This allows you to create blocks that inherit some of the properties of
+ another block.
+ For example you have three main points in an outline, but point #2 also
+ has two subpoints.
+ In other words, you have a list inside of another list, with the inner
+ list
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+attached
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to item #2:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+one
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+two
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+sublist – item #1
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+sublist – item #2
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+three
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You put a list inside a list by nesting one list inside the other.
+ Nesting an environment is quite simple: Select
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Increase
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+List
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Depth
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Decrease
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+List
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Depth
+\family default
+ to change the nesting depth (the status bar will tell you how far you are
+ nested).
+ Instead of the menu, you can also use the toolbar buttons
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the key bindings
+\family sans
+Tab
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Shift+Tab
+\family default
+ or
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The change will work on the current selection, if you have made one (allowing
+ you to change the nesting of several paragraphs at once), or the current
+ paragraph.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that LyX only changes the nesting depth if it can.
+ If it is invalid to do so, nothing happens if you try to change the depth.
+ Additionally, if you change the depth of one paragraph, it affects the
+ depth of every paragraph nested inside of it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Nesting isn't limited to lists.
+ In LyX, you can nest just about anything inside anything else, as you're
+ about to find out.
+ This is the real power of nesting paragraph environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+What You Can and Can't Nest
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Before we fire a list of paragraph environments at you, we need to tell
+ you a little bit more about how nesting works.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The question of nesting a paragraph environment is a bit more complicated
+ than a simple yes or no.
+ There are three types of paragraph environments:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Completely unnestable
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Fully nestable, you can nest them inside things and you can also nest other
+ things inside them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+A third type, you can nest them into other environments, but you can't nest
+ anything into them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here's a list of the three types of nesting behavior, and which paragraph
+ environments have them:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Unnestable Can't nest them.
+ Can't nest into them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Abstract
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Title
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Author
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Date
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Description
+Fully
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Nestable You can nest them.
+ You can nest other things into them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Verse
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Quote
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Description
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+List
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Verbatim
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Description
+Nestable-Inside You can nest them inside other things.
+ You can't nest anything into them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Part
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Section
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subsubsection
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Paragraph
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subparagraph
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Part*
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Chapter*
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Section*
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subsection*
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Subsubsection*
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Address
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Although it is possible, for example, to nest numbered section headings
+ like
+\family sans
+Chapter
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Section
+\family default
+, etc.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+into lists, it is highly recommended not to do this because the aim is to
+ create well-structured documents following typesetting guidelines whereas
+ nested section headings violate this.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Nesting Other Things: Tables, Math, Floats, etc.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nesting ! Tables etc.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are several things that aren't paragraph environments, but which are
+ affected by nesting anyhow.
+ They are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+equations
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+tables
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+figures
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+(
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Figures and tables in
+\family sans
+Floats
+\family default
+ are not affected by this.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Have a look at section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Floats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for more information about
+\family sans
+Floats
+\family default
+.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX can treat these three objects as either a word or as a paragraph.
+ If a figure, table, or an equation is inline, it goes wherever the paragraph
+ it is in goes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+On the other hand, if you have an equation, figure or table in a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+paragraph
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of its own, it behaves just like a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+nestable-inside
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ paragraph environment.
+ You can nest it into any environment, but you obviously can't nest anything
+ into it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here's an example with a table:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Item One
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is (a) and it's nested.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+a
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+b
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+c
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+d
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is (b).
+ The table is actually nested inside (a).
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Back out again.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If we hadn't nested the table at all, the list would look like this:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Item One
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is (a) and it's nested.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+a
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+b
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+c
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+d
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is (b).
+ The table is
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ nested inside (a).
+ In fact, it's not nested at all.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Back out again.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Notice how item (b) is not only no longer nested, but is also the first
+ item of a new list!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There's another trap you can fall into: Nesting the table, but not going
+ deep enough.
+ LyX then turns anything after the table into a new sublist.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Item One
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is (a) and it's nested.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+a
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+b
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+c
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+d
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is (b).
+ The table is actually nested inside Item One, but
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ inside (a).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Back out again.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As you can see, item (b) turned into the first item of a new list, but a
+ new list
+\emph on
+inside
+\emph default
+ item 1.
+ The same thing would have happened to a figure or an equation.
+ So, if you nest tables, figures or equations, make sure you go to the right
+ depth!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Usage and General Features
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Speaking of levels, LyX can perform up to a six-fold nesting.
+ In other words,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+level #6
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is the innermost possible depth.
+ Here's an example to illustrate what we mean:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+level #1 – outermost
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+level #2
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+level #3
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+level #4
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+level #5
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+level #6
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are two exceptions to the six-fold nesting limit, and you can see
+ both of them in the example.
+ Unlike the other fully-nestable environments, you can only perform a four-fold
+ nesting with the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environments.
+ For example, if we tried to nest another
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ list inside item
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+A.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, we would get errors.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Some Examples
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nesting ! Examples
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The best way to explain just what you can do with nesting is by illustration.
+ We have several examples of nested environments.
+ In them, we explain how we created the example, so that you can reproduce
+ them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Example 1: The Six-fold Way and Mixed Nesting
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#1-a This is the outermost level.
+ It's a
+\family sans
+List
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#2-a This is level #2.
+ We created it by using
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ followed by
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#3-a This is level #3.
+ This time, we just enter
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+, then used
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+ twice in a row.
+ We could have also created it the same way as we did the previous level,
+ by entering
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ followed by
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is actually a
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment, nested inside of
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+#3-a
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ So, it's at level #4.
+ We did this by entering
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+, then
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+, then changing the paragraph environment to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+.
+ Do this to create list items with more than one paragraph — it also works
+ for the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+, and
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environments!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here's another
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ paragraph, also at level #4, made with just a
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#4-a This is level #4.
+ We enter
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ and changed the paragraph environment back to
+\family sans
+List
+\family default
+.
+ Remember — we can't nest anything inside a
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ environment, which is why we're still at level #4.
+ However, we
+\emph on
+can
+\emph default
+ keep nesting things inside
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+#3-a
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#5-a This is level #5\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#6-a \SpecialChar \ldots{}
+and this is level #6.
+ By now, you should know how we made these two.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#5-b Back to level #5.
+ Just enter
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ followed by a
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#4-b After another
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ followed by a
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+, we're back at level #4.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#3-b Back to level #3.
+ By now it should be obvious how we did this.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#2-b Back to level #2.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring MMM
+#1-b And last, back to the outermost level, #1.
+ After this sentence, we will enter
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+ and change the paragraph environment back to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ to end the list.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We could have also used the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+, or even the
+\family sans
+Verse
+\family default
+ environment in place of the
+\family sans
+List
+\family default
+ environment.
+ The example would have worked exactly the same.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Example 2: Inheritance
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+This is the LyX-Code environment, at level #1, the outermost
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+level.
+ Now we will enter
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+, then
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+, after
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+which, we will change to the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment, at level #2.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Notice how the nested
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ not only inherits its margins from its parent environment (
+\family sans
+LyX-Code
+\family default
+), but also inherits its font and spacing!
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+We ended this example by entering
+\family sans
+Return
+\family default
+.
+ After that, we needed to reset the paragraph environment to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+ and reset the nesting depth by using
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+ once.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Example 3: Labels, Levels, and the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ Environments
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Example #3: Labels, Levels and other list environments
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is level #1, in an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ paragraph environment.
+ We're actually going to nest a bunch of these.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is level #2.
+ We used
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ followed by
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Now, what happens if we nest an
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment inside of this one? It will be at level #3, but what will its
+ label be? An asterisk?
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+No! It's a bullet.
+ This is the
+\emph on
+first
+\emph default
+
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment, even though it's at level #3.
+ So, its label is a bullet.
+ (We got here by using
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+, then
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+, then changing the environment to
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Here's level #4, produced using
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+, then
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ We will do that again\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+to get to level #5.
+ This time, however, we also changed the paragraph environment back to
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+.
+ Notice the type of numbering, it is
+\emph on
+lowercase Roman
+\emph default
+, because we are in the
+\emph on
+thirdfold
+\emph default
+
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment (that is, it is an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ inside an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ inside an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+What happens if we
+\emph on
+don't
+\emph default
+ change the paragraph environment, but decrease the nesting depth? What
+ type of numbering does LyX use?
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Oh, as if you couldn't guess by now, we're just using
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ to keep the current environment and depth but create a new item.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Let's use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+ to decrease the depth after the next
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is level #4.
+ Look what type of label LyX is using!
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+This is level #3.
+ Even though we've changed levels, LyX is still using a lowercase Roman
+ numeral as the label.Why?
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Because, even though the nesting depth has changed, the paragraph is
+\emph on
+still
+\emph default
+ a thirdfold
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment.
+ Notice, however, that LyX
+\emph on
+did
+\emph default
+ reset the counter for the label.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Another
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+ sequence, and we're back to level #2.
+ This time, we not only changed the nesting depth, but we also moved back
+ into the twofold-nested
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+The same thing happens if we do another
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+ sequence and return to level #1, the outermost level.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Lastly, we reset the environment to
+\family sans
+Standard
+\family default
+.
+ As you can see, the level number doesn't correspond to what type of labeling
+ LyX uses for the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environments.
+ The number of other
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ environments surrounding it determines what kind of label LyX uses for
+ an
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ item.
+ The same rule applies for the
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ environment, as well.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Example 4: Going Bonkers
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+We're going to go totally nuts now.
+ We will not nest as deep as in the other examples, nor will we go into
+ the same detail with how we did it.
+ (level #1:
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+(
+\family sans
+Return,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+, Standard
+\family default
+: level #2) We will stick an encapsulated description of how we created
+ the example in parentheses someplace.
+ For example, the two key bindings are how we changed the depth.
+ The environment name is the name of the current environment.
+ Either before or after this, we will put in the level.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+(
+\family sans
+Return, Enumerate
+\family default
+: level #1) This is the next item in the list.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Verse
+Now we will add verse.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+It will get much worse.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\family sans
+Return,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+, Verse
+\family default
+: level #2)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verse
+Fiddle dee, Fiddle doo.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Bippitey boppitey boo!
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Verse
+Here comes a table:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace 0.3cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+one-fish
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+two-fish
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+red-fish
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+blue-fish
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Verse
+(
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+, Table,
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+ 3 times,
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+, Verse,
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+(
+\family sans
+Return, Enumerate
+\family default
+: level #1) This is another item.
+ Note that selecting a
+\family sans
+Table
+\family default
+ resets the nesting depth to level #1, so we increased the nesting depth
+ 3 times to put the table inside the
+\family sans
+Verse
+\family default
+ environment.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+We're now ending the
+\family sans
+Enumerate
+\family default
+ list and changing to
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+.
+ We're still at level #1.
+ We want to show you some of the things you can do by mixing environments.
+ The next set of paragraphs is a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+quoted letter.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ We will nest both the
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ environments inside of this one, then use another nested
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ for the letter body.
+ We will use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break inverse"
+\end_inset
+
+ to preserve the depth.
+ Remember that you need to use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ to create multiple lines inside the
+\family sans
+Address
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Address
+\family default
+ environments.
+ Here it goes:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Right Address
+1234 Nowhere Rd.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Moosegroin, MT 00100
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+9-6-96
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Address
+Dear Mr.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Fizlewitz:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+We regret to inform you that we cannot fill your order for 50
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+L of compressed methane gas due to circumstances beyond our control.
+ Unfortunately, several of our cows have mysteriously exploded, creating
+ a backlog in our orders for methane.
+ We will place your name on the waiting list and try to fill your order
+ as soon as possible.
+ In the meantime, we thank you for your patience.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+We do, however, now have a special on beef.
+ If you are interested, please return the enclosed pricing and order form
+ with your order, along with payment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+We thank you again for your patience.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Address
+Sincerely,
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Bill Hick
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Quotation
+That ends that example!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As you can see, nesting environments in LyX gives you a lot of power with
+ just a few keystrokes.
+ We could have easily nested an
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ list inside of a
+\family sans
+Quotation
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+, or put a
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ inside of an
+\family sans
+Itemize
+\family default
+ list.
+ You have a huge variety of options at your disposal.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Separate Nestings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nesting ! Separation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Separate-Nestings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is sometimes necessary to have two consecutive environments of the same
+ type.
+ For example you need two different enumerations:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Hello
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+this is an
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+enumeration
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout --Separator--
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+itemize list
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout --Separator--
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Hi
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+this is another
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+enumeration
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To tell LyX that there are two lists and not one, set the cursor at the
+ end of the last item and use the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Start New Parent Environment
+\family default
+.
+ This adds an environment separator and a new list behind it.
+ If you use instead the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Start New Environment
+\family default
+ a new list will also be created, but in the same nesting level.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To split an existing list into two lists, set the cursor at the end of a
+ list item, press
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break"
+\end_inset
+
+ and select
+\family sans
+--Separator--
+\family default
+ in the pull-down box for environments in LyX's main toolbar.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Spacing, pagination and line breaks
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spacing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+What is a space? While you might be used to pressing the space key anytime
+ you want to separate two words in ordinary word processors, LyX offers
+ you more spaces: spaces of different widths and spaces which can or cannot
+ be broken at the end of a line.
+ The following sections will show you some examples where those spaces are
+ useful.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Protected Space
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Protected-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spaces ! Protected
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The protected space: It is used to tell LyX (and LaTeX) not to break the
+ line at that point.
+ This may be necessary to avoid unlucky line breaks, like in:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+Further documentation is given in section
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Obviously, it would be a good thing to put a protected space between
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+section
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A protected space is set with
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Protected
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "command-alternatives math-space ; space-insert protected"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Horizontal Space
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Horizontal-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spacing ! Horizontal
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All horizontal spaces can be inserted with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Horizontal Space
+\family default
+.
+ The length units are listed in Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Units-available-in"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Inter-word Space
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Inter-word-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spaces ! Inter-word
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the introduction of typewriters, it became conventional in some countries
+ to type two spaces after a period to mimic the wider spaces used by typesetters
+ at the ends of sentences.
+ There is no need to do this as LyX automatically takes care about this.
+ However, you do not want an end of sentence space after an abbreviation
+ followed by a period; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Abbreviations"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for examples.
+ To insert a normal space, select
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Interword
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "space-insert normal"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Thin Space
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Thin-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spaces ! Thin
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+thin space
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is a blank which has half the size of a normal space (and it is also
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+protected
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The typographical conventions in a lot of languages propose the use of
+ thin spaces in cases where normal spaces would be too wide, for instance,
+ inside abbreviations:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+D.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+E.
+ Knuth has developed our beloved typesetting program.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+or between values and units.
+ Compare for example this:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+10
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+kg (thin space)
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+10 kg (normal space
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can insert thin spaces with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "space-insert thin"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+More Spaces
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also insert the following space types:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Negative
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+thin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+space A line with a
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \negthinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ negative thin space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Negative
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+medium
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+space A line with a
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \negmedspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ negative medium space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Negative
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+thick
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+space A line with a
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \negthickspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ negative thick space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Enspace
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(0.5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em) A line with an
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \enskip{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ enspace
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(0.5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em) space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Quad
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em) A line with a
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \quad{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ Quad
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em) space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+QQuad
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em) A line with a
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \qquad{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ QQuad
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em) space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Custom
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+space A line with
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
+\length 2cm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+ 2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm space between the arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Width-of-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ lists the different space sizes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float table
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "tab:Width-of-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Width of the different horizontal spaces.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Space
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Width
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Normal
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+1/3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Protected
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+1/3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Thin
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+1/6
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Negative thin
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-1/6
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\begin_inset Formula $\thinspace=\thinspace$
+\end_inset
+
+-3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mu
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Negative medium
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-4
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mu
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Negative thick
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mu
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Enspace (0.5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+0.5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Quad (1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+QQuad (2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+em
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Horizontal Fills
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spacing ! Fills
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Horizontal fills (HFills) are a special LyX feature for adding extra space
+ in a uniform fashion.
+ An HFill is actually a variable length space, whose length always equals
+ the remaining space between the left and right margins.
+ If there is more than one HFill on a line, they divide the available space
+ equally between themselves.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here are a few examples of what you can do with them:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+\noindent
+This is on the left side
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+This is on the right
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+\noindent
+Left
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+Middle
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+Right
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+\noindent
+Left
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+1/3 Left
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+Right
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+That was an example in the
+\family sans
+Quote
+\family default
+ environment.
+ Here
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
+\end_inset
+
+is one in a standard paragraph.
+ It may or may not be apparent in the printed text, but it
+\emph on
+is
+\emph default
+ sitting in-between the two arrows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+HFills can be made visible when you choose one of the
+\family sans
+Fill
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Pattern
+\family default
+s in the space dialog: The following patterns are available:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Dots:
+\begin_inset space \dotfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Rule:
+\begin_inset space \hrulefill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Left arrow:
+\begin_inset space \leftarrowfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Right arrow:
+\begin_inset space \rightarrowfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Up brace:
+\begin_inset space \downbracefill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Down brace:
+\begin_inset space \upbracefill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ If an HFill is at the beginning of a line, and
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ in the first line in a paragraph, LyX ignores it.
+ This prevents HFills from accidentally being wrapped onto a new line.
+ If you need space in this case anyway, set the
+\family sans
+Protect
+\family default
+ option in the space dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Phantom Space
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Phantom-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spacing ! Phantom
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sometimes you want to insert space with exactly the length of a phrase.
+ For example, you want to create the following multiple choice question:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+What is correct English?:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Mr.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Edge would have been jumps the gun.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Mr.
+ Edge
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+has to be jumped
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Mr.
+ Edge
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+jumps
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+so that the choices appear exactly after the phrase
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Mr.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Edge
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ To get this, you can use the phantom insets available via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Phantom
+\family default
+.
+ In our case insert a horizontal phantom at the beginning of the last two
+ lines and insert
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Mr.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Edge
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ into the phantom inset (note the space after
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Edge
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ A phantom insets prints only the space of its content (like a placeholder).
+ That is why it is named
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+phantom
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The normal phantom outputs the width and height of the content as space,
+ while the horizontal and vertical variant only outputs the corresponding
+ dimension.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Vertical Space
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Vertical-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spacing ! Vertical
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To add extra vertical space above or below a paragraph, use the
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Vertical
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ There you find the following sizes:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+SmallSkip
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+MedSkip
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+BigSkip
+\family default
+ are LaTeX sizes which depend on the font size of the document.
+
+\family sans
+DefSkip
+\family default
+ is the skip adjusted in the dialog
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for the paragraph separation.
+ If you use indentation to separate paragraphs
+\family sans
+DefSkip
+\family default
+ is equal to
+\family sans
+MedSkip
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+VFill
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spacing ! Fills
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is a variable space, set so that the space is maximal within one page.
+ An example: you have only two short paragraphs on one page with a
+\family sans
+Vfill
+\family default
+ between them.
+ Then the first paragraph is placed at the top of the page and the second
+ one at the bottom, because the space between them is then maximal.
+
+\family sans
+VFill
+\family default
+s work like
+\family sans
+HFill
+\family default
+s: they fill the remaining vertical space on a page with blank space.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+HFill
+\family default
+s are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ If there are several
+\family sans
+VFill
+\family default
+s on a page, they divide the remaining vertical space equally between themselves.
+ You can therefore use
+\family sans
+VFill
+\family default
+s to center text on a page, or even place text 2/3 down a page.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Custom
+\family default
+ are custom spaces in units explained in Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Units-available-in"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+
+\series medium
+If the extra vertical space would be in the output at the top/bottom of
+ a page, the space is only added if you have also checked the option
+\family sans
+Protect
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Paragraph Alignment
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Alignment
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can change the paragraph alignment with the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph Settings
+\family default
+ dialog (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout-paragraph"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ There are five possibilities:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Justified
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-params \\align block"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Left
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-params \\align left"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Right
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-params \\align right"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Center
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-params \\align center"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-params \\align default"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The default in most cases is justified alignment, in which the inter-word
+ spacing is variable and each line of a paragraph fills the region between
+ the left and right margins.
+ The other three alignments should be self-explanatory, and look like this:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align right
+This paragraph is right aligned,
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+this one is centered,
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align left
+this one is left aligned.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Forced Page Breaks
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Page breaks ! Forced
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Forced-Page-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you don't like the way LaTeX does the page breaks in your document, you
+ can force a page break where you want one.
+ Normally this will not be necessary, because LaTeX is good at page breaking.
+ Only if you use a lot of
+\family sans
+Floats
+\family default
+, LaTeX's page breaking algorithm can fail.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We recommend you not to use forced page breaks until the text is finished
+ and you have checked in the preview to see if you
+\emph on
+really
+\emph default
+ have to change the page breaking.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are two types of page breaks: One that ends the page without any special
+ action.
+ This can be inserted above or below a paragraph via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+New
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Page
+\family default
+.
+ The second type, that is inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break
+\family default
+, ends a page but stretches the content of the page, so that it fills out
+ the complete page.
+ This type is useful to avoid whitespace when a page break produces a page
+ on which only the last few lines are absent.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You might try to use a page break to ensure that a figure or table appears
+ at the top of a page.
+ This is, of course, the wrong way to do it.
+ LyX gives you a way of automatically ensuring that your figures and tables
+ appear at the top of a page (or the bottom, or on their own page) without
+ having to worry about what precedes or follows your figure or table.
+ See chapter
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Floats-and-Notes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to learn more about
+\family sans
+Floats
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Clear Page Breaks
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Clear-Page-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Page breaks ! Clear
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Rather than forced page breaks where the content behind the break is placed
+ directly on the next page, you can also clear pages while breaking them.
+ That means that the current paragraph is terminated and everything, including
+ unprocessed floats, from the earlier part of the document are placed after
+ it, if necessary by adding pages.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can insert a clear page break with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Clear
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Page
+\family default
+.
+ When you have a two-sided document like a book, you can use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Clear
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Double
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Page
+\family default
+ to insert a clear page break that assures that the next page is a right-hand
+ page (odd-numbered), if necessary by adding a page.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Forced Line Breaks
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Line breaks
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Forced-Line-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Similar to page breaks there are two types of line breaks: one simply breaks
+ the line.
+ You can force this line break within a paragraph by selecting
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Ragged
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break
+\family default
+ or with
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Another type that is inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Justified
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break
+\family default
+ or with
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert linebreak"
+\end_inset
+
+ breaks the line and stretches it so that it fills out the whole space between
+ the page margins.
+ This is useful to avoid
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+fringes
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in justified paragraphs due to possible whitespace introduced by line breaks.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You shouldn't use forced line breaks to correct LaTeX's line breaking, as
+ LaTeX is very good at line breaking.
+ There are, however, a number of situations where it is necessaryactively
+ to set a line break, for example, in a poem or for an address (see sections
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Quote"
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Verse"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Address-Usage"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Horizontal Lines
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Horizontal-Lines"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Horizontal lines
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\begin_inset CommandInset line
+LatexCommand rule
+offset "0.5ex"
+width "100line%"
+height "1pt"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+In the dialog
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Horizontal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\family default
+ you can insert horizontal lines.
+ The line offset is the vertical distance between the line and the baseline
+ of the current text line or the paragraph.
+ The line settings can be changed by left-clicking on the line.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\begin_inset CommandInset line
+LatexCommand rule
+offset "0.5ex"
+width "100line%"
+height "1pt"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Characters and Symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can directly enter all characters that are available on your keyboard.
+ You can also use special keyboard maps to be able to enter, for example,
+ characters needed for French with an English keyboard.
+ See section
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Keyboard-mapping"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for information on how this is done.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For the case where you need a character that is not on your keyboard, you
+ can use the
+\family sans
+Symbols
+\family default
+ dialog via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Special Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Symbols
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Maybe not all symbols inserted with the symbols dialog can be displayed
+ when you are using a special screen font in LyX's preferences.
+ But the inserted symbols will in every case be displayed in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Fonts and Text Styles
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Fonts-and-Text"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Font Types
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Font ! Types
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are two types of fonts:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Vector
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+fonts
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Fonts ! Vector-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ are built from outlines of the single glyphs (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+ characters) in the font.
+ This means that each glyph is defined using mathematical curves that are
+ well suited for scaling to any requested size.
+ This mathematical definition is interpreted by the font renderer and the
+ curve is filled out with pixels according to the size and glyph.
+ This means that vector fonts will look pretty good in all sizes.
+ Only at very small sizes where each pixel has to be very carefully computed
+ to provide a good image might it be hard to provide a good rendering.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+That could mean that one only needs to define one font size and scale them.
+ But to achieve a better quality, many fonts define several font sizes.
+ That improves the appearance because you need more details at large font
+ sizes than at small ones.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The font types
+\family typewriter
+TrueType
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+OpenType
+\family default
+, and
+\family typewriter
+Type
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1
+\family default
+ are vector fonts.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Bitmap
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+fonts
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Fonts ! Bitmap-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ on the other hand, are defined by bitmap graphics from the start; so they
+ will look good at all the sizes they are meant for.
+ However, they don't scale well, because in order to scale a glyph, each
+ pixel is enlarged into several pixels.
+ It is the same effect that happens if you try to enlarge a picture in an
+ image manipulation program.
+ In order to mitigate this effect, bitmap fonts are typically provided in
+ several fixed sizes typically from around 8
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+pixels high up to 34
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+pixels or so high in steps according to what is believed to be useful.
+ The advantage of bitmap fonts is that no complicated computations are necessary
+ to display each glyph; so bitmap fonts display therefore more quickly than
+ scalable fonts.
+ The disadvantage is that sizes that don't exist as fixed versions have
+ to be scaled by doubling pixels, and thus look bad.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Bitmap fonts are named
+\family typewriter
+Type
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+3
+\family default
+ in PostScript- and PDF-documents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The result of all this is that bitmap fonts are best for the size they are
+ designed for, while scalable fonts are good for nearly all sizes.
+ So one needs fewer font size definitions for scalable fonts.
+ That's the reason why nearly all text rendering and typesetting programs
+ use scalable fonts.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To see which fonts are used in a PDF-document, look at its document properties.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Many modern typesetting and markup languages have begun to move towards
+ specifying character styles rather than specifying a particular font.
+ For example, instead of changing to an italicized version of the current
+ font to emphasize text, you use an
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+emphasized style
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ instead.
+ This concept fits in perfectly with LyX.
+ In LyX, you do things based on contexts, rather than focusing on typesetting
+ details.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+LaTeX font support
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:LaTeX-font-support"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Traditionally, LaTeX used its own fonts.
+ That is to say, you cannot directly access the fonts installed on your
+ operating system, but you have to use specific fonts provided by your LaTeX
+ distribution.
+ The reason is that LaTeX needs some extra information about the fonts,
+ which have to be provided by additional files and packages.
+ The downside of this is that your font choice is somewhat limited compared
+ to a word processor.
+ On the other hand this comes with the advantage that the provided fonts
+ are generally of very good quality, and that LaTeX files are very portable
+ across different machines.
+ Also, the range of fonts supported by traditional LaTeX has increased a
+ lot in the meantime; so you can find packages for many free and commercial
+ fonts.
+ LyX supports the fonts that are under a free license via the user interface
+ (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Document-Font"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for details).
+ Other fonts are available if you enter the relevant LaTeX code in the document
+ preamble (please refer to the documentation of your desired font).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Recent developments brought some new LaTeX engines that are also able directly
+ to access fonts that are installed for your operating system, namely XeTeX
+ and LuaTeX.
+ Both engines are supported by LyX.
+ By using them, you can theoretically use any OpenType or TrueType font
+ that is installed on your system.
+ The next section describes how to use these fonts.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ In practice, some fonts might fail due to bad metrics and other font deficienci
+es; so you might have to experiment.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ XeTeX and especially LuaTeX, are still rather new and thus not as mature
+ as traditional LaTeX or PDFTeX.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Document Font and Font size
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Document-Font"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Font ! Size
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Font
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can set the document fonts in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog.
+ In the
+\family sans
+Fonts
+\family default
+ section of the dialog, you can specify which font should be used for the
+ three different font shapes — roman (serif),
+\family sans
+sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif
+\family default
+ and
+\family typewriter
+typewriter
+\family default
+ (monospaced) — and you can specify the base font size and scaling factors
+ for (some) sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif and typewriter fonts if this is necessary to fit with the roman font.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you select
+\family sans
+Use non-T
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX fonts
+\family default
+, you will have access to the fonts installed on your operating system.
+ This requires that you use
+\family sans
+PDF (XeT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX)
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+PDF (LuaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX)
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+DVI (LuaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX)
+\family default
+ as the output format, i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+you will have to have either XeTeX or LuaTeX installed (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ You will then not have access to TeX's own fonts.
+ Note that LyX then lists all available fonts in each of the three lists
+ (roman, sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif, and typewriter), since LyX cannot determine the family.
+ Also note that the output might fail with some of the listed fonts, due
+ to the encoding of the fonts and\SpecialChar \slash{}
+or font failures.
+ LyX cannot determine this in advance, so you might need to experiment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you use TeX fonts (which is the default), the possible options for the
+ font include
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ and a list of fonts available with your LaTeX distribution.
+ If you select
+\family sans
+Default,
+\family default
+ the font that is preset by the current document class is used.
+ In most cases, this will be the standard TeX font, known as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+Computer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+) or
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+European Computer Modern
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (
+\family typewriter
+ec
+\family default
+), but some classes preset different default fonts.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+ and
+\family typewriter
+ec
+\family default
+ are bitmap fonts, they often look pixelated in PDF output, especially when
+ you read the PDF in a zoomed size.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This problem does not appear if you read PDFs in
+\family typewriter
+Adobe
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Reader
+\family default
+ version 6 or later, because this program includes a special bitmap font
+ renderer.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ To get rid of pixelated fonts, you have to use a vector font.
+ Depending on how your document should look, you can either:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+select the
+\family sans
+Latin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+ fonts, which is the recommended choice if you want to keep the look of
+
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+/
+\family typewriter
+ec
+\family default
+.
+
+\family sans
+Latin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+ was developed for the LaTeX community in order to replace
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+ as the default font.
+ It covers a huge range of glyphs and several font shapes.
+ Except for some details, where the appearance was improved,
+\family sans
+Latin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+ looks identical to
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+One difference is improved kerning.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+or select the
+\family sans
+AE
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(Almost
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European)
+\family default
+ fonts in (the rare) case that
+\family sans
+Latin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+ is not available to you or does not work, and you still want to emulate
+ the look of
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+/
+\family typewriter
+ec
+\family default
+.
+
+\family typewriter
+AE
+\family default
+ is a virtual font.
+ Virtual means that it
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+steals
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ outline
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+-glyphs from other fonts.
+ This has the disadvantage that some characters are missing, like the French
+ guillemets (
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+«
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+»
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Loading the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+aeguill
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! aeguill
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ with the document preamble line
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage[ec]{aeguill}
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+will fix the guillemet problem.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and that accented characters are not
+\emph on
+one
+\emph default
+ glyph, but built of
+\emph on
+two
+\emph default
+ characters, the accent and the letter.
+ Therefore you cannot search for words with accented characters in documents
+ using the
+\family typewriter
+AE
+\family default
+ fonts.
+ If you search for example for the French word
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+rève
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in a PDF, you will not get any result, because the PDF-viewer searches
+ for the glyph
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+ è
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and not for the glyph
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+ e +
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+ ̀
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+If you do not like the look of
+\family typewriter
+cm
+\family default
+/
+\family typewriter
+ec
+\family default
+, you can of course select one of the other vector fonts provided, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+Times
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Roman
+\family default
+ or
+\family typewriter
+ Palatino
+\family default
+.
+ Most roman vector fonts will automatically select matching sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif and typewriter fonts,
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+These are sometimes just matching other fonts (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.,
+\family sans
+Times
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Roman
+\family default
+ selects
+\family sans
+Helvetica
+\family default
+ for sans serif text), or different shapes of the same font, i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+a real font
+\emph on
+family
+\emph default
+ (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+in case of
+\family sans
+Latin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+ oder
+\family sans
+Computer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ but you can also select your own.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The differences between roman,
+\family sans
+sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif
+\family default
+ and
+\family typewriter
+typewriter
+\family default
+ fonts are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The font
+\family sans
+Times
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Roman
+\family default
+ was originally designed for newspapers.
+ Its glyphs are thus smaller than glyphs from other fonts in order to fit
+ into the small newspaper columns.
+ Therefore
+\family sans
+Times
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Roman
+\family default
+ is not the optimal choice for larger documents like books.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For the font size there are generally four possible values:
+\family sans
+Default, 10
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+11
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+12
+\family default
+.
+ Some classes provide additional sizes.
+ The size of
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ depends on the class you are using.
+ In the standard classes it is equal to the font size 10.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that the font size is the
+\emph on
+base size
+\emph default
+.
+ That means that LyX scales all other possible font sizes (such as those
+ used in footnotes, super-, and subscripts) by this value.
+ You can fine-tune the font size of text parts via the
+\family sans
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style
+\family default
+ dialog if needed.
+ The possible font sizes for text parts are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Family
+\family default
+ selection lets you specify whether the base font of your document should
+ be roman, sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif or typewriter.
+ The
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ selection uses what is preset by the class, the other selections override
+ this.
+ In most cases,
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ is equal to
+\family sans
+roman
+\family default
+, but some classes (such as presentation classes) use other defaults.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family typewriter
+
+\family sans
+LaTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X font encoding
+\family default
+ selection is an expert setting which lets you change the value passed to
+ the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+fontenc
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! fontenc
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (see also sec.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-settings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ Normally, you do not need to change (or even understand) this.
+ Unless you have specific reasons, use
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With some fonts, the checkboxes
+\family sans
+Use Old Style Figures
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Use True Small Caps
+\family default
+ are available.
+ These are extra features some fonts provide.
+ If
+\family sans
+Use Old Style Figures
+\family default
+ is checked, old style figures (also known as medieval or text figures)
+ are used.
+ Old style figures are the numerals (0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+--
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+9) with ascenders and descenders, which makes them fit nicely with lowercase
+ letters.
+
+\family sans
+Use True Small Caps
+\family default
+ determines that real small caps are used instead of faked small caps made
+ of scaled capitals.
+ Real small caps are often part of expert font sets; they generally look
+ better than faked small caps but might have to be purchased separately.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The field
+\family sans
+CJK
+\family default
+ allows users of the languages Chinese, Japanese, Korean (CJK) to specify
+ a font to display the script characters.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The font will be the argument for the commands of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+CJK
+\series default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! CJK
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ So this has no effect for the document language
+\family sans
+Japanese
+\family default
+ that does not use
+\series bold
+CJK
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ When you choose a new font or font size, LyX does
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ change the screen font! You will only see a difference in the printed output;
+ this is part of the WYSIWYM concept.
+ LyX's screen fonts can be adjusted in the
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences
+\family default
+ dialog, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Screen-Fonts"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Math Fonts
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In LaTeX the font used for characters in equations is different from the
+ document font.
+ For the case that you use TeX fonts for your document, you can explicitly
+ choose a math font in the dialog
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The default setting is that LyX automatically selects a math font.
+ For most cases this will be LaTeX's default -- the math variant of LaTeX's
+ default font family
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+Computer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ LyX will automatically only load another math font if a math variant of
+ the document font is available.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that the math font will not be used for
+\emph on
+mathematical text
+\emph default
+ (which is inserted with the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-default"
+\end_inset
+
+ or by the insertion of the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+text
+\series default
+ into a formula).
+ Also note that some math fonts are sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif.
+ Your document might therefore look strange when the document text has serifs
+ while the math characters do not.
+ Sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif math fonts make therefore in most cases only sense if you select
+\family sans
+Sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Serif
+\family default
+ for the
+\family sans
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+family
+\family default
+ in the document font settings.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you use non-TeX fonts for the document, you can only choose for math
+ to use either the document's class default TeX font (in most cases
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+Computer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+) or to use the non-TeX variant of the document's class default font (in
+ most cases
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+Latin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Modern
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Using Different Character Styles
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Character Styles
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Text Style
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As we've already seen, LyX automatically changes the character style for
+ certain paragraph environments.
+ LyX supports two character styles,
+\family sans
+Emphasized
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Noun
+\family default
+.
+ You can activate both of these styles via key bindings, the menus, and
+ the toolbar.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To activate the
+\family sans
+Noun
+\family default
+ style, do one of the following:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+click on the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "font-noun"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+use the key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-noun"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These commands are all toggles.
+ That is, if
+\family sans
+Noun
+\family default
+ style is already active, they deactivate it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+One typically uses the
+\family sans
+Noun
+\family default
+ style for proper names.
+ For example:
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\noun on
+Matthias Ettrich
+\noun default
+ is the original author of LyX.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A more widely used character style is the
+\family sans
+Emphasized
+\family default
+ style.
+ You can activate (or deactivate — it's also a toggle) the
+\family sans
+Emphasized
+\family default
+ style by:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+clicking on the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "font-emph"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+using the keybindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-emph"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Normally the
+\family sans
+Emphasized
+\family default
+ style is equivalent to an italic font but some document classes or LaTeX-packag
+es use a different font.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We've been using the
+\family sans
+Emphasized
+\family default
+ style all over the place in this document.
+ Here's one more example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quotation
+
+\emph on
+Do not overuse character styles!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It's also a warning in addition to an example.
+ One's writing should parallel ordinary conversation.
+ Since we don't all constantly scream at each other, we should also avoid
+ the common tendency to overuse character styles.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can always reset to the default font using the key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-default"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the dialog
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show character"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Fine-Tuning with the
+\family sans
+Text Style
+\family default
+ dialog
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Text Style
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are always occasions when you will need to do some fine-tuning; so
+ LyX gives you a way to create a custom character style.
+ For example, an academic journal or a corporation may have a style sheet
+ requiring a sans-serif font be used in certain situations.
+ Also, writers sometimes use a different font to offset a character's thoughts
+ from ordinary dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Before we document how to use custom character style, we want to issue a
+ warning yet again: Don't overuse character styles!
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Documents that overuse different fonts and sizes are not easy to read and
+ tend to look as if someone has knocked huge holes in them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use custom character styles, open the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\family default
+ dialog or press the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show character"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ There are several boxes in this dialog, each corresponding to a different
+ font property that you can choose.
+ You can choose an option for one of these properties, or select
+\family sans
+No
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+change
+\family default
+, which keeps the current state of that property.
+ The item
+\family sans
+Reset
+\family default
+ will reset the property to whatever is the default.
+ You can use this to reset attributes across a bunch of different paragraph
+ environments all at once.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The font properties, and their options (in addition to
+\family sans
+No
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+change
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Reset
+\family default
+) are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Family
+\family default
+ The
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+overall look
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of the font.
+ The possible options are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Roman
+\family default
+ This is the Roman font family.
+ Normally a serif font.
+ It's also the default family.
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-roman"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Serif
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+This is the Sans Serif font family.
+
+\family default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-sans"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Typewriter
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
+This is the Typewriter font family.
+
+\family default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-typewriter"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Series
+\family default
+ This corresponds to the print weight.
+ Options are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Medium
+\family default
+ This is the Medium font series.
+ It's also the default series.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Bold
+\family default
+
+\series bold
+This is the Bold font series.
+
+\series default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-bold"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Shape
+\family default
+ As the name implies.
+ Options are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Upright
+\family default
+ This is the Upright font shape.
+ It's also the default shape.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Italic
+\family default
+
+\shape italic
+This
+\shape default
+
+\family sans
+\shape italic
+i
+\family default
+s the Italic font shape
+\shape default
+\emph on
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Slanted
+\family default
+
+\shape slanted
+This is the Slanted font shape
+\shape default
+ (although it might not be visible in LyX, this is different from italic).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Small
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Caps
+\family default
+
+\shape smallcaps
+This is the Small caps font shape
+\shape default
+\noun on
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Color
+\family default
+ Alters the text color.
+ Note that not all DVI-viewers are able to display colors.
+ Besides
+\family sans
+No
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+color
+\family default
+, which means that the document default color set in
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Color
+\family default
+ for
+\family sans
+Main
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+ is used, you can choose between
+\family sans
+Black
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+White
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Red
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Green
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Blue
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Cyan
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Magenta
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Yellow
+\family default
+ text.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! Text
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Language
+\family default
+ This is used to mark regions of text as having a different language from
+ the language of the document.
+ Text marked in this way will be underlined in blue to indicate the change
+ (only within LyX).
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+If you have for example, an extract of German text in a non-German document,
+ LaTeX respects the German hyphenation rules automatically.
+ When using the spell checking (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Spellchecking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) the German-marked text will be checked according to the German dictionary.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Size
+\family default
+ Alters the size of the font.
+ You will find no numerical values here; all possible sizes are actually
+ proportional to the document font size.
+ Once again, you don't feed LyX the details, but a general description of
+ what you want to do.
+ The options are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Tiny
+\family default
+
+\size tiny
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Tiny
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size tiny"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Smallest
+\family default
+
+\size scriptsize
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Smallest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size
+\size default
+.
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-size scriptsize"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Smaller
+\family default
+
+\size footnotesize
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Smaller
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size footnotesize"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Small
+\family default
+
+\size small
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Small
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size small"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Normal
+\family default
+ This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Normal
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+ It's also the default size.
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size normal"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Large
+\family default
+
+\size large
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Large
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size large"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Larger
+\family default
+
+\size larger
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Larger
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size larger"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Largest
+\family default
+
+\size largest
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Largest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-size largest"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Huge
+\family default
+
+\size huge
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Huge
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size huge"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Huger
+\family default
+
+\size giant
+This is the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Huger
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font size.
+
+\size default
+ (key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-size giant"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Increase
+\family default
+ This increases the size by one step (for instance, from
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Largest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Huge
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-size increase"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Decrease
+\family default
+ This decreases the size by one step (for instance, from
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Normal
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Small
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-size decrease"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+We warn you
+\emph on
+yet again
+\emph default
+: don't go crazy with this feature.
+ You should almost never need to change the font size.
+ LyX automatically changes the font size for different paragraph environments
+ — use those instead.
+ This is here for fine-tuning only!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Misc
+\family default
+ Here you can change a few other things at the character level.
+ Options are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Emph
+\family default
+
+\emph on
+This is text with emphasize on
+\emph default
+.
+ This might seem like the same as
+\shape italic
+Italic
+\shape default
+, but it is actually a bit different.
+ Emphasized is a
+\emph on
+logical
+\emph default
+ attribute.
+ That means every document class can define its own font used for emphasized
+ text.
+ Normally this font is equal to italic.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Underbar
+\family default
+
+\bar under
+This is text with Underbar on.
+
+\bar default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-underline"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+)
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+Avoid using underbar if you can! It is a hangover from the typewriter days,
+ when you could not change fonts.
+ One no longer needs to emphasize text by underscoring characters.
+ This is only possible in LyX because some people
+\emph on
+may
+\emph default
+ need it in order to follow style sheets for journal submissions.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Double
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+underbar
+\family default
+
+\uuline on
+This is text with Double underbar on.
+
+\uuline default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-underunderline"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+As we just warned you against using underbar, you can imagine what we think
+ about double underbar.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Wavy
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+underbar
+\family default
+
+\uwave on
+This is text with Wavy underbar on.
+
+\uwave default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-underwave"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Use this only if a journal absolutely insists on it.
+ Keep antinausea pills handy.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Strikeout
+\family default
+
+\strikeout on
+This is text with Strikeout on.
+
+\strikeout default
+ (key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-strikeout"
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+This is frequently used to indicate an older version of text that has been
+ changed in the meantime.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Noun
+\family default
+
+\noun on
+This is text with Noun on.
+
+\noun default
+ Like
+\family sans
+Emph
+\family default
+, this is a logical attribute.
+ Normally it's equivalent to
+\family sans
+Small
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Caps
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Standard
+So you have a huge number of combinations to choose from.
+ Once you have chosen a new character style via the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show character"
+\end_inset
+
+) dialog, the settings are saved.
+ You can activate them by using the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "textstyle-apply"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The button lets you apply your custom character style even when the dialog
+ isn't visible.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To completely reset the character style to the default, use
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-default"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you want to toggle only those properties that you have just changed
+ (suppose you just set the shape to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+slanted
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and the series to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+bold
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+), set the
+\family sans
+Toggle
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+all
+\family default
+ switch and press
+\family sans
+Apply
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You should also know something about the differences between the three main
+ font types
+\family sans
+serif
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif
+\family default
+, and
+\family sans
+typewriter
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Typewriter
+\family default
+ is a so called
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+monospaced
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ font, which means every character has the same width; the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+i
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is as wide as the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+m
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Here is an example
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+no
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+typewriter text
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+For more on phantoms see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Phantom-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+no typewriter text
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Serif
+\family default
+ fonts use characters with serifs.
+ These are the small
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+appendices
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ at the ends of the strokes that form the character.
+ The following example shows the difference:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+text with serifs
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+text without serifs
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Serifs facilitate quick and easy reading.
+ These fonts are therefore used as default (named
+\family sans
+roman
+\family default
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\family sans
+Sans serif
+\family default
+ is not recommended for use as a base type.
+ This font type is therefore often only used for headings and short texts.
+ We use it in this document to highlight menu names.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Toggling
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ refers to applying or removing font properties.
+ When a property is marked for toggling in the
+\family sans
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style
+\family default
+ dialog, applying the style to text that already has the property will cause
+ the property to be removed.
+ If you, for example, apply a style with properties A, B and C to text that
+ currently has font properties B, C, F and G, and if B is set to toggle
+ and C is set not to toggle, the text ends up with properties A, C, F and
+ G.
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Never toggled
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+always toggled
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ mean that you do not control the toggling behavior.
+ For the properties on the left side of the dialog (
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Family
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ etc.), toggling behavior is up to you.
+ If
+\family sans
+Toggle
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+all
+\family default
+ is checked, all of the left side properties are toggled; by default, none
+ of them are.
+ Finally,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Reset
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is never toggled.
+ If you, for example, set
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Series
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Reset
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and select
+\family sans
+Toggle
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+all
+\family default
+, then apply the style to bold face text, the text will revert to the default
+ series (
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Medium
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+), no matter how many times you apply the style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We conclude with the same warning once again: Do not overuse the fonts!
+ They are, more often than not, a kludge and a bad substitute for good writing.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Printing and Previewing
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Overview
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Now that we have covered some of the basic features of document preparation
+ using LyX, you probably want to know how to print out your masterpiece.
+ Before we tell you that, we want to give you a quick explanation of what
+ goes on behind-the-scenes.
+ We cover this information in much greater detail in the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual as well.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX uses the program LaTeX as its backend.
+ LaTeX is just a macro package for the TeX typesetting system, but to prevent
+ confusion, we will only refer to LaTeX.
+ LyX is what you use to do your actual writing.
+ Then, LyX calls LaTeX to turn your writing into printable output.
+ This happens in two stages:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+First, LyX converts your document to a series of text commands for LaTeX,
+ generating a file with the extension,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.tex
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Next, LyX calls LaTeX to use the commands in the
+\family typewriter
+.tex
+\family default
+ file to produce printable output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Output file formats
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Output-file-formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Simple text (ASCII)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats ! ASCII
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This file type has the extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.txt
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It contains your document as plain text following the rules of the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+American Standard Code for Information Interchange
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (ASCII).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export your document to ASCII with the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+.
+ However, this will not export any externally generated material such as
+ a BibTeX bibliography (section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Bibliography-databases"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ If your document includes such material, use
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+More
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formats
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Options
+\family default
+ and then select
+\family sans
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ps2ascii)
+\family default
+.
+ This will first internally export your document to PostScript (generating
+ thereby the external material) and then do the conversion to ASCII.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+LaTeX
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats ! LaTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This file type has the extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.tex
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and contains all commands that are necessary for the LaTeX program to process
+ your document.
+ If you know LaTeX, you can use it to find out LaTeX-Errors or to process
+ it manually with console commands.
+ The LaTeX-file is automatically created in LyX's temporary directory whenever
+ you view or export your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export your document as a LaTeX-file using the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\family default
+.
+ The different LaTeX export variants are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Export"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+DVI
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats ! DVI
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This file type has the extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.dvi
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It is called
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+device-independent
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (DVI), because it is completely portable; you can move them from one machine
+ to another without needing to do any sort of conversion.
+ DVIs are used for quick previews and as a pre-stage for other output formats,
+ like PostScript.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+DVI files do not contain images, they only link to them.
+ So don't forget to deliver the images together with your DVIs.
+ Because the DVI-viewer has to convert the images in the background to make
+ them visible when you scroll the DVI, this can slow down your computer
+ when you view the DVI.
+ So we recommend using PDF for files with many images.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export your document to DVI by the menus
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+DVI
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+DVI
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X).
+
+\family default
+ The latter option uses the program
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+.
+
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+ is an engine that provides direct Unicode support and support for direct
+ font access (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ LuaTeX is still a work in progress, but it might develop into the next
+ standard TeX processor.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+PostScript
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats ! PostScript
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This file type has the extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.ps
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ PostScript was developed by the company
+\family typewriter
+Adobe
+\family default
+ as a printer language.
+ The file therefore contains commands that the printer uses to print the
+ file.
+ PostScript can be seen as a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+programming language
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+; you can calculate with it and draw diagrams and images.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+If you are interested in learning more about this, have a look at the LaTeX-pack
+age
+\series bold
+pstricks
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! pstricks
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ As a result of this, the files are often bigger than PDFs.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+PostScript can only contain images in the format
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Encapsulated PostScript
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (EPS, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.eps
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ As LyX allows you to use any known image format in your document, it has
+ to convert them in the background to EPS.
+ If, for example, you have 50
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+images in your document, LyX has to do 50
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+conversions when you view or export your document the first time.
+ This might slow down your workflow with LyX.
+ So if you plan to use PostScript, you can insert your images directly as
+ EPS to avoid this problem.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export to PostScript using the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+PostScript
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+PDF
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats ! PDF
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+PDF
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This file type has the extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.pdf
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Portable Document Format
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (PDF) developed by
+\family typewriter
+Adobe
+\family default
+ was derived from PostScript.
+ It is more compressed and it uses fewer commands than PostScript.
+ As the name
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+portable
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ implies, it can be processed on any computer system and the printed output
+ looks exactly the same.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+PDF can contain images in its own PDF format and in the formats
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Joint Photographic Experts Group
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (JPG, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.jpg
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.jpeg
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+) and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Portable Network Graphics
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (PNG, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.png
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ You can also use any other image format, because LyX converts them in the
+ background to one of these formats.
+ But as described in the section about PostScript, the image conversion
+ will slow down your workflow.
+ So we recommend using images in one of the three formats mentioned above.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export your document to PDF via the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export
+\family default
+ in different ways:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex) This uses the program
+\family typewriter
+pdftex
+\family default
+ which converts your file directly to PDF.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X) This uses the program
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+ which converts your file directly to PDF.
+
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+ is a new engine, derived from
+\family typewriter
+pdflatex
+\family default
+, that also provides direct Unicode support and support for direct font
+ access (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ LuaTeX is still a work in progress, but it might develop into the next
+ standard TeX processor.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(XeTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X) This uses the program
+\family typewriter
+XeTeX
+\family default
+ that converts your file directly to PDF.
+
+\family typewriter
+XeTeX
+\family default
+ is a new engine that provides direct Unicode support and support for direct
+ font access (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-font-support"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ It is particularly good at typesetting different scripts, for example,
+ vertically written Japanese.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(cropped) This is the same as
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+ but the result is a PDF with cropped page margins.
+ This is for example useful if you want to use LyX to generate good-looking
+ formulas to use them in other programs like for presentations.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(dvipdfm) This uses the program
+\family typewriter
+dvipdfm
+\family default
+ that converts your file in the background to DVI and in a second step to
+ PDF.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ps2pdf) This uses the program
+\family typewriter
+ps2pdf
+\family default
+ that creates a PDF from a PostScript-version of your file.
+ The PostScript-version is produced by the program
+\family typewriter
+dvips
+\family default
+ which uses a DVI-version as intermediate step.
+ So this export variant consists of three conversions.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We recommend using
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+ because
+\family typewriter
+pdftex
+\family default
+ supports all the features of actual PDF-versions, is quick, stable, and
+ works without problems.
+ If you rely on multiscript support and\SpecialChar \slash{}
+or specific OpenType fonts, you might
+ want to try out
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(XeTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X)
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X)
+\family default
+ instead, bearing in mind that these two programs are not yet as mature
+ as
+\family typewriter
+pdflatex
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+XHTML
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+FileFormats ! XHTML
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+HTML
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This file type has the extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.xhtml
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It is a file suitable for viewing in web browsers.
+ It does not itself contain images and the like but only links to them.
+ When LyX produces XHTML, it also generates corresponding images in formats
+ suitable for the purpose.
+ For the math output you can choose in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output
+\family default
+ between different formats, which are described in section
+\emph on
+Math Output in XHTML
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+XHTML output remains
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+under development
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, and not all LyX features are supported yet.
+ See the chapter
+\emph on
+LyX and the World Wide Web
+\emph default
+, in the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual, for more information.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export your document as an XHTML file using the menu item
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LyXHTML
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Previewing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Preview
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To get a look at the final version of your document, with all of the page
+ breaks in place, the footnotes correctly numbered, and so on, use the menu
+
+\family sans
+Document
+\family default
+ and choose
+\family sans
+View
+\family default
+ or use the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-view"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A viewing program will pop up showing the output in the defined default
+ output format, which is globally set in the preferences (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) and can also be altered for single documents in the document settings
+ (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Doc-Output"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ Further output formats can be selected via
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+View (Other Formats)
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/view-others.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you have changed your document, you can refresh the output in the same
+ viewer window using the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Update
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Update (Other Formats)
+\family default
+, respectively.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you preview a file, the output file is only generated in LyX's temporary
+ directory.
+ To have a real output, export your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Printing the File from within LyX
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Printing-the-File"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Instead of exporting your file and then printing it, you can also print
+ it directly from within LyX.
+ To print a file, select the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Print
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "dialog-show print"
+\end_inset
+
+) or click on the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show print"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ LyX will internally call LaTeX to produce a DVI.
+ This file is then processed by the program
+\family typewriter
+dvips
+\family default
+ to a PostScript-file, which is finally printed using the program
+\family typewriter
+Ghostscript
+\family default
+.
+ Due to these steps in the background, this method is not the fastest.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can set the following print parameters in the
+\family sans
+Print
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Destination
+\family default
+ box:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+Printer
+\family default
+ This is the name of the printer to print to.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Note that this printer name is for the program
+\family typewriter
+dvips
+\family default
+.
+ That means
+\family typewriter
+dvips
+\family default
+ has to be configured for this printer name.
+ The default printer can be set in LyX's preferences dialog, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Printer"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ The printer should understand PostScript.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+File
+\family default
+ The name of a file to print to.
+ The output will be a PostScript file.
+ It will be written in LyX's working directory unless you specify the full
+ path.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can choose to print only a range of pages, only even-numbered or only
+ odd-numbered pages or to print the pages in reverse — the latter options
+ are useful for printing on two sides with a printer without a duplexer:
+ you re-insert the pages after printing one set to print on the other side.
+ Some printers spit out pages face-up, others, face-down.
+ By choosing a particular order to print in, you can take the entire stack
+ of pages out of the printer without needing to reorder them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+A few Words about Typography
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Typography
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Hyphens, Dashes and Minus Signs
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Hyphens
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dashes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In LyX, the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+-
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ character comes in four lengths: the
+\emph on
+hyphen
+\emph default
+, the
+\emph on
+en dash
+\emph default
+, the
+\emph on
+em dash
+\emph default
+, and the minus sign:
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<row interlinespace="3mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+name
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+output
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+inserted with
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="3mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+hyphen
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+-
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in text
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="3mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+en dash
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+–
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Special
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="3mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+em dash
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+—
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Special
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+minus sign
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $-$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+-
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in math mode
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can alternatively generate the en and em dash by inserting the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+-
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ character multiple times in a row.
+ They will automatically be converted to the appropriate length dash in
+ the final output, but not in LyX.
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ gives a en dash,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ a em dash.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The three dash types are distinct from the minus sign, which appears in
+ math mode and has a length of its own.
+ Here are some examples:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+line- and page-breaks
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\emph on
+hyphen
+\emph default
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+From A–Z
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\emph on
+en dash
+\emph default
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Oh — there's a dash.
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\emph on
+em dash
+\emph default
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}-y^{2}=z^{2}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\emph on
+minus sign
+\emph default
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Hyphenation
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Hyphenation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Hyphenation"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Words are not hyphenated within LyX but automatically in the output.
+ Hyphenation is done by the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! babel
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ following the rules of the document language.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LaTeX hyphenates almost perfectly; it only has problems with text in the
+
+\family sans
+typewriter
+\family default
+ font and with unusual constructs, like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+h3knix/m0n0wall
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If LaTeX cannot break a word correctly, you can set hyphenation points
+ manually.
+ This is done with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Hyphenation
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Point
+\family default
+.
+ These extra hyphenation points are only recommendations to LaTeX.
+ If no hyphenation is necessary, LaTeX will ignore them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sometimes you want to prevent words or constructs from being hyphenated.
+ Imagine that you are describing keybindings/shortcuts in your document
+ in the form
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+A-b c
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ LaTeX would then see the hyphen
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ as a hyphenation possibility.
+ Hyphenating at this point would look ugly.
+ To prevent the shortcut from being hyphenated, you can put it into a makebox
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Prevent Hyphenation
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Punctuation Marks
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Punctuation marks
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Abbreviations and End of Sentence
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Abbreviations"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When LyX calls LaTeX to generate the final version of your document, LaTeX
+ automatically distinguishes between words, sentences, and abbreviations.
+ LaTeX then adds the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+appropriate amount of space.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ That means sentences get a little bit more space between the period and
+ the next word.
+ Abbreviations get the same amount of space after the period that a word
+ gets after another word.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Unfortunately, the algorithm for figuring out what's an abbreviation does
+ not work in all cases.
+ If a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is at the end of a lowercase letter, it's the end of a sentence; if it's
+ at the end of a capitalized letter, it's an abbreviation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here are some examples of
+\emph on
+correct
+\emph default
+ abbreviations and of the end of a sentence:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+M.
+ Butterfly
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Don't worry.
+ Be happy.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+And here is an example of the algorithm going wrong:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+ this is too much space!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+This is I.
+ It's okay.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You will not see anything wrong until you view a final version of your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To fix this problem, use one of the following:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Use an
+\family sans
+Inter-word
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ after lowercase abbreviations (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Inter-word-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spaces ! inter-word
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Use a
+\family sans
+Thin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ between two tokens of an abbreviation (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Thin-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spaces ! thin
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Use an
+\family sans
+End
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+sentence
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+period
+\family default
+ found under the
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Special
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Character
+\family default
+ menu to force the use of inter-sentence spacing.
+ This function is also bound to
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "specialchar-insert end-of-sentence"
+\end_inset
+
+ for easy access.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the corrections, our earlier examples look like this:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+this is too much space!
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+This is I\SpecialChar \@.
+ It's okay.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some languages don't use extra spacing between sentences.
+ If your language is such a language, you don't need to worry, because LaTeX
+ will take care of this.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For those that do need to bother, there is help to catch those sneaky errors:
+ Check out the
+\family sans
+Check
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+TeX
+\family default
+ feature described in the section
+\emph on
+Checking TeX
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Quotes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Typography ! Quotes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Quotes | see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Typography
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX usually sets quotes correctly.
+ Specifically, it will use an opening quote at the beginning of quoted text,
+ and use a closing quote at the end.
+ For example,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+open close
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The keyboard character,
+\family sans
+"
+\family default
+, generates this automatically.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can specify what character the
+\family sans
+"
+\family default
+ key produces using the submenu
+\family sans
+Language
+\family default
+ of the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog in the box
+\family sans
+Quote Style
+\family default
+.
+ There are six choices:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Text
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Use quotes like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+this
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+Text
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Use quotes like
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+this
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Quotes gld
+\end_inset
+
+Text
+\begin_inset Quotes grd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Use quotes like
+\begin_inset Quotes gld
+\end_inset
+
+this
+\begin_inset Quotes grd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Quotes pld
+\end_inset
+
+Text
+\begin_inset Quotes prd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Use quotes like
+\begin_inset Quotes pld
+\end_inset
+
+this
+\begin_inset Quotes prd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Quotes fld
+\end_inset
+
+Text
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Use quotes like
+\begin_inset Quotes fld
+\end_inset
+
+this
+\begin_inset Quotes frd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Quotes ald
+\end_inset
+
+Text
+\begin_inset Quotes ard
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ Use quotes like
+\begin_inset Quotes ald
+\end_inset
+
+this
+\begin_inset Quotes ard
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For single quotes you have to use the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "quote-insert single"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Ligatures
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Typography ! Ligatures
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Ligatures | see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Typography
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Ligatures"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is standard typesetting practice to group certain letters together and
+ print them as single characters.
+ These groups are known as
+\emph on
+ligatures
+\emph default
+.
+ Since LaTeX knows about ligatures, your documents will contain them too
+ in the output.
+ Here are the standard ligatures:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+ff
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+fi
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+fl
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+ffi
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+ffl
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some languages uses other ligatures if the document font supports them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sometimes, you don't want a ligature in a word.
+ While a ligature may be okay in the word,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+graffiti,
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ it looks really weird in compound words, such as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+cufflink
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or the German
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Dorffest.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ To break a ligature, use
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Ligature
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break.
+
+\family default
+ This changes
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+cufflinks
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+cuff\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{}
+links
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Dorffest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Dorf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{}
+fest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+LyX's Proper Names
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LyX ! Proper names
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:LyX's-Proper-Names"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You will certainly have noticed that the word “LaTeX” always appears with
+ characters in different sizes and positions.
+ LaTeX is the name of the program used by LyX and is therefore recognized
+ as a proper name when you type it in LyX as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The braces in TeX Code are here to avoid that the Text appears as proper
+ name in the output, see the last paragraph of this section.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Note the order of the upper- and lowercase letters! LyX recognizes the
+ following proper names:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+LyX The name of the game, write
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+L
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+yX
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to produce it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+TeX The program used by LaTeX, write
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+T
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to produce it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+LaTeX The program used by LyX, write
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to produce it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+LaTeX2e The actual version of LaTeX, write
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX2e
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to produce it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You might wonder why the LaTeX-version is
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+2
+\begin_inset Formula $\epsilon$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It is an old tradition in the TeX-world to give programs geek version numbers.
+ For example the version number of TeX converges to the number
+\begin_inset Formula $\pi$
+\end_inset
+
+: The actual version is
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+TeX-3.141592
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, the previous one was
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+TeX-3.14159
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you don't want to use proper names, for example, in section headings,
+ you can insert two empty braces in TeX Code in the word.
+ In LyX this will look like
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/LaTeX.png
+ scale 80
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+For more about TeX Code, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:TeX-Code"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Units
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Typography ! Units
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Generally the space between units and the number is smaller than the normal
+ space between two words.
+ As you can see in the example below, it looks better when the space is
+ smaller.
+ To get such a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+half space
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ for units use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "space-insert thin"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example to show the differences:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+24
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+kW
+\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$
+\end_inset
+
+h
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+space between number and unit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+24
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+kW
+\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$
+\end_inset
+
+h
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+half space between number and unit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Widows and Orphans
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Typography ! Widows and orphans
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the early days of word processors, page breaks went wherever the page
+ happened to end.
+ There was no regard for what was actually going on in the text.
+ For example the heading for a new section was printed at the very bottom
+ of the page, the first line of a new paragraph all alone at the bottom
+ of a page, or the last line of a paragraph at the top of a new page.
+ These bits of text became known as
+\emph on
+widows
+\emph default
+ and
+\emph on
+orphans
+\emph default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Clearly, LyX can avoid breaking pages after a section heading.
+ That's part of the advantage of paragraph environments.
+ But what about widows and orphans, where the page breaks leave one line
+ of a paragraph all alone at the top or bottom of a page? There are rules
+ built into LaTeX governing page breaks, and some of those rules are there
+ specifically to prevent widows and orphans.
+ If they appear nevertheless and you don't like them, you can add the commands
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+widowpenalty=10000
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+clubpenalty=10000
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+to the LaTeX preamble of your document to avoid them.
+ Some LaTeX books (such as
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "latexcompanion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "latexguide"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) have more information about the technical details of LaTeX's page break
+ mechanism.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+Notes, Graphics, Tables and Floats
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "chap:Floats-and-Notes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The issues of this chapter are described in detail in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+ There you will also find tips and tricks for special cases.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Notes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Notes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Notes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX offers you a few types of notes to add to your document:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+LyX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Note This note type is for internal notes that will not appear in the output.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is text in a note box that doesn't appear in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Comment This note also doesn't appear in the output but it does appear as
+ a LaTeX-comment when you export the document to LaTeX via the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(xxx)
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Comment
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is text in a note box that only appears as a comment in LaTeX-files.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Greyed
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Out This note will appear in the output as text in a color which you can
+ set in the document settings under
+\family sans
+Colors\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Greyed-out
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+notes
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is the text
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is an example footnote within a greyed out note.
+ In this document the color of this note type is set to blue.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of a comment that appears in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+As you can see in the example, greyed out notes can have footnotes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Notes are inserted with the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "note-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Note
+\family default
+.
+ Right-click on the note box that appears to select the note type.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Footnotes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Footnotes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Footnotes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX uses boxes to display footnotes: When you insert a footnote using the
+ menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Footnote
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "footnote-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+you will see
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+ a box like this:
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/footnoteQt4.png
+ scale 80
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+ This box is LyX's representation of your footnote.
+ If you
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+ left-click on
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+foot
+\family roman
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+label, the box will
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+ be opened and you can enter the footnote text into it.
+ Clicking on the box label again will close
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+the
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+ box
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+.
+ If you want to turn existing text into a footnote, simply highlight it
+ and click on the footnote
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+ toolbar
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+button
+\family default
+\series default
+\bar default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example footnote:
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\bar no
+
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+To close a footnote, click on the footnote box label.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The footnote will appear in the output as a superscript number at the text
+ position where the footnote box is placed.
+ The footnote text is placed at the bottom of the current page.
+ The footnote number is calculated by LyX according to the document class.
+ LyX does not yet support a particular numbering scheme, but you can get
+ other schemes using special LaTeX-commands.
+ T
+\family roman
+h
+\family default
+ey are described in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Marginal Notes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Marginal notes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Marginal-Notes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Marginal notes look and behave just like footnotes in LyX.
+ When you insert a margin note via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Marginal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Note
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "marginalnote-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+, you will see
+\family roman
+\series medium
+a
+\family default
+\series default
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+box with the
+\family default
+\series default
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+label
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+margin
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ appearing within your text.
+ This box is LyX's representation of your margin
+\family default
+\series default
+al
+\family roman
+\series medium
+note.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+At the side of this sentence is an example marginal note.
+\family roman
+\series medium
+
+\begin_inset Marginal
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align left
+This is a marginal note.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Marginal notes appear at the right side in single-sided documents.
+ In double-sided documents they appear in the outer margin – left on even
+ pages, right on odd pages.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For further information about marginal notes see the section
+\emph on
+Margin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Notes
+\emph default
+ in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Graphics and Images
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Images
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Graphics
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Graphics"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To insert an image in your document, place the cursor at the text position
+ you want and click on the toolbar icon
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"
+\end_inset
+
+ or select
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Graphics
+\family default
+ from the menu.
+ Then a dialog will appear to choose the file to load.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This dialog has numerous mostly self-explanatory parameters.
+ The
+\family sans
+Graphics
+\family default
+ tab allows you to choose your image file.
+ The image can be transformed by setting a rotation angle and a scaling
+ factor.
+ The scaling units are explained in Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Units-available-in"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the tab
+\family sans
+Clipping
+\family default
+ it is possible to set image coordinates to adjust the height and width
+ of the image in the output.
+ The coordinates can also be calculated automatically by pressing the button
+
+\family sans
+Get
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+from
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+file
+\family default
+.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Clip
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+bounding
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+box
+\family default
+ will only print the image region within the given coordinates.
+ Normally you don't need to take care about image coordinates and can ignore
+ the tab
+\family sans
+Clipping
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X options
+\family default
+ tab LaTeX experts can specify additional LaTeX options.
+ In this tab you can also specify the appearance of the image inside LyX.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Draft
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+mode
+\family default
+ has the effect that the image doesn't appear in the output, only a frame
+ with the image size is printed.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Don't
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+unzip
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+on
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+export
+\family default
+ is explained in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual in section
+\emph on
+Graphics Dialog
+\emph default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The graphics dialog can be called at any time by clicking on an image.
+ Images will appear in the output exactly at the position where they are
+ in the text.
+ This is an example image within a separate, horizontally centered paragraph:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/mobius.eps
+ scale 70
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you need image captions or want to reference images, you have to put
+ the image into a float, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Figure-Floats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Image Formats
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Images ! Formats
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Image-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can insert images in any known file format.
+ But as we explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Output-file-formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, every output document format allows only a few image formats.
+ LyX therefore uses the program
+\family typewriter
+ImageMagick
+\family default
+ in the background to convert the images to the right format.
+ To increase your workflow by avoiding these conversions in the background,
+ use only the image formats listed in the subsections of section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Output-file-formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Similar to fonts there are two types of image formats:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Bitmap
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+images consist of pixel values, often in a compressed form.
+ They are therefore not fully scalable and look pixelated in large zooms.
+ Well-known bitmap image formats are
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Graphics Interchange Format
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (GIF, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.gif
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+GIF|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Image formats
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Portable Network Graphics
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (PNG, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.png
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+PNG|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Image formats
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Joint Photographic Experts Group
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (JPG, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.jpg
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.jpeg
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+JPG|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Image formats
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Scalable
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+images consist of vectors and can therefore be scaled to any size without
+ data loss.
+ The scaling ability is desired if you want to create presentations, because
+ presentations are always scaled by the beamer.
+ Scaling is also useful for online documents to let the user zoom into diagrams.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Scalable image formats can be
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Scalable Vector Graphics
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (SVG, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.svg
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+SVG|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Image formats
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Encapsulated PostScript
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (EPS, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.eps
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+EPS|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Image formats
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Portable Document Format
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (PDF, file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+.pdf
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+PDF
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ We say
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+can be
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, because you can convert any bitmap image format to PDF or EPS and the
+ result will not be scalable.
+ In this case only a header with the image properties is added to the original
+ image.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+In the case of PDF, the original image is additionally compressed.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Normally one cannot convert a bitmap image into a scalable one, only
+\emph on
+vice versa
+\emph default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Grouping of Image Settings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Images ! Settings grouping
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Each image can define a new group of image settings or join an existing
+ group.
+ Images within such a group share their settings, so adjusting one image
+ of the group automatically also adjusts all other images of the group in
+ the same way.
+ So you can for example change the size for a bunch of images without the
+ need to manually change each of them.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A new group can be set by pressing the button
+\family sans
+Open
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+new
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+group
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+ Graphics
+\family default
+ dialog in the
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X options
+\family default
+ tab.
+ Joining an existing group can be done using the context menu of the image
+ and checking the name of the desired group.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Tables
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Tables
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Tables"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can insert a table using either the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "tabular-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Table
+\family default
+.
+ A dialog will appear, asking you for the number of rows and columns.
+ The default table has lines around any cell and the first row appears separated
+ from the rest of the table.
+ This separation appears due to a double line: The cells of the first row
+ have a line below them and the cells of the second row have a line above
+ them.
+ Here is an example table:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="4">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0in">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+A
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+B
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\size normal
+\noun off
+\color none
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+C
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+The Table dialog
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can alter a table by clicking on it with the right mouse button and
+ then choosing
+\family sans
+More\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+.
+ This brings up the table dialog.
+ Here you can adjust the settings of the cell, row and/or column where the
+ cursor is placed currently.
+ Most of the dialog options also work on selections.
+ This means that if you select more cells, columns or rows the action is
+ done on all of your selection.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In addition to the table dialog, the
+\family sans
+table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+toolbar
+\family default
+ helps you in setting table properties.
+ It appears if the cursor is inside a table.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the tab
+\family sans
+Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\family default
+ of the table dialog you can set the alignment for the current row.
+ If you add a row or column, it will be inserted right beside or below the
+ current cell respectively.
+ The vertical alignment of a column can only be adjusted when a column width
+ is given.
+ A given width will allow the cell to have line breaks and multiple paragraphs
+ of text, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Table-Cells"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can mark multiple cells of one row/column as a multicolumn/row cell
+ using the check box
+\family sans
+Multicolumn
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Multirow
+\family default
+.
+ This will merge the cells to
+\emph on
+one
+\emph default
+ cell, spread over more than one column/row.
+ Multicolumn cells are treated as own rows, so that the alignment, width,
+ and border settings affect only the multicolumn cell.
+ Here is an example table with a multicolumn cell in the first row and one
+ in the last row without the upper border:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="4">
+<features rotate="0" firstHeadTopDL="true" firstHeadBottomDL="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0in">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+abc
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="middle" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+def ghi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+jkl
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+A
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+B
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+C
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+D
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+4
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Adept users can declare special LaTeX-arguments for the table.
+ They are necessary for special table formatting, such as the multirow cells,
+ explained in the chapter
+\emph on
+Tables
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+ You can also rotate the current cell or the whole table.
+ These rotations are not visible in LyX but are visible in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Most DVI-viewers are
+\emph on
+not
+\emph default
+ able to display rotations.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Borders
+\family default
+ tab allows you to add and delete border lines for the current row/column.
+ The button
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ adds lines for all cell borders.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Longtables
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Tables ! Longtables
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Longtables
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the table is too long to fit on one page, you can use the option
+\family sans
+Use
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+long
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+table
+\family default
+ in the tab
+\family sans
+Longtable
+\family default
+ of the table dialog to split the table automatically over more pages.
+ Doing this enables some check boxes and you can now define:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+Header
+\family default
+: The current row and all rows above, that don't have any special options
+ defined, are defined to be the header rows of all pages of the longtable.
+ except for the first page, if
+\family sans
+First
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+header
+\family default
+ is defined.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+First
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+header
+\family default
+: The current row and all rows above, that don't have any special options
+ defined, are defined to be the header rows of the first page of the longtable.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+Footer
+\family default
+: The current row and all rows below, that don't have any special options
+ defined, are defined to be the footer rows of all pages of the longtable,
+ except for the last page, if
+\family sans
+Last
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+footer
+\family default
+ is defined.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+Last
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+footer
+\family default
+: The current row and all rows below, that don't have any special options
+ defined, are defined to be the footer rows of the last page of the longtable.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Caption: The first row is reset as a single column.
+ You can now insert there the table caption via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Caption
+\family default
+.
+ More about longtable captions can be found in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also specify a row where the table is split.
+ If you set more than one option in the same table row, you should be aware
+ that then only the first option is used; the others will be defined as
+
+\emph on
+empty
+\emph default
+.
+ In this context, first means first in this order:
+\family sans
+Footer, Last
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+footer,
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Header,
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+First
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+header
+\family default
+; see the following longtable to see how it works:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="69" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="5cm">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row endfirsthead="true">
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Example Phone List (ignore the names)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row endfirsthead="true">
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+NAME
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+TEL.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row endhead="true">
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Example Phone List
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row endhead="true">
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+NAME
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+TEL.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row endfoot="true">
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+continue ...
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Annovi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Silvia
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Bertoli
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Stefano
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Bozzi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Walter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Cachia
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Maria
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Cachia
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Maurizio
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Cinquemani
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Giusi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Colin
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bernard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Concli
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Gianfranco
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Dal Bosco
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Carolina
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Dalpiaz
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Annamaria
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Feliciello
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Domenico
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Focarelli
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paola
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Galletti
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Oreste
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Gasparini
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Franca
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Rizzardi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paola
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+111
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Lassini
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Giancarlo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
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+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Meneguzzo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Roberto
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Mezzadra
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Roberto
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Pirpamer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Erich
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Pochiesa
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paolo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555, 222
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Radina
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Claudio
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Stuffer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Oskar
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Tacchelli
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Ugo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Tezzele
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Margit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Unterkalmsteiner
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Frieda
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Vieider
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Hilde
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Vigna
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Jürgen
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+999
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Weber
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Maurizio
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Winkler
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Franz
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+555
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row endlastfoot="true">
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="block" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+End
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Table Cells
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Tables ! Cells
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Table-Cells"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A table cell can contain text, inline equations, a figure, or another table.
+ All these kinds of objects can be placed in the same cell.
+ Font sizes and shapes can also be altered.
+ But you can't put a special environment in a cell (like
+\family sans
+Section*
+\family default
+, etc.), nor set spacing options for the cell's paragraph.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To have multi-line entries in table cells, you have to declare a fixed width
+ for the column in the table dialog.
+ Your text is then automatically split into multiple lines and the cell
+ is enlarged vertically when the length of the text exceeds the given width.
+ An example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="3cm">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+4
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+This is a multi-line entry in a table.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+5
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+6
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+This is longer now.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+7
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+8
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+This is a multi-line entry in a table.
+ This is longer now.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+9
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Cutting and pasting between tables and table cells works reasonably well.
+ You can even cut and paste more than one row.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Note that you cannot paste into a multicell selection because it would not
+ be clear what to do when pasting a single word in a selected 2×3.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Selection with the mouse or with
+\family sans
+Shift
+\family default
+ plus the arrow keys works as usual.
+ You can also copy and paste the entire table as a single unit by starting
+ the selection from outside the table.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Floats
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Floats
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Floats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Introduction
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A float is a block of text associated with some sort of label, which doesn't
+ have a fixed location.
+ It can
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+float
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ forward or backward a page or two, to wherever it fits best.
+
+\family sans
+Footnotes
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Margin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Notes
+\family default
+ are also floats, because they can float to the next page when there are
+ too many notes on the current page.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Floats make it possible to get a high quality layout.
+ Images and tables can be distributed evenly over the pages to avoid whitespace
+ and pages without text.
+ As the floating often destroys the spatial context between the text and
+ the image/table, every float can be referenced in the text.
+ Floats are therefore numbered.
+ Referencing is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To insert a float, use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Float
+\family default
+.
+ A box with a caption will be inserted into your document.
+ The label will automatically be translated to the document language in
+ the output.
+ After the label you can insert the caption text.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Floats ! Captions
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ The image or table is inserted above or below the caption in a separate
+ paragraph within the float.
+ To keep your LyX-document readable, you can open and close the float box
+ by left-clicking on the box label.
+ A closed float box looks like this:
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/floatQt4.png
+ scale 80
+
+\end_inset
+
+ – a gray button with a red label.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You should insert floats in a separate paragraph to avoid possible LaTeX-errors
+ that can occur when the surrounding text is specially formatted.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Figure Floats
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Figure-Floats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Floats ! Figure floats
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Figure
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Platypus-distorted"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ was created using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Figure
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "float-insert figure"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The image was inserted by setting the cursor above the caption label and
+ using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Graphics
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The image in the float was horizontally centered by putting the cursor
+ to the left or right of the image and using the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout-paragraph"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float figure
+wide false
+sideways false
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/platypus.eps
+ lyxscale 50
+ width 50col%
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "fig:Platypus-distorted"
+
+\end_inset
+
+A severely distorted platypus in a float.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This figure float also shows how to set a label and create a cross-reference
+ to it: Insert a label into the caption using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Label
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "label-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+) and refer to it using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cross-Reference
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ It is important to use cross-references to figure floats rather than using
+ vague references like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+the figure above
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, because, as LaTeX will reposition the floats in the final document, it
+ might not be
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+above
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ at all.
+ For more about cross-references, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Normally only one image is inserted in a figure float, but sometimes you
+ might want to use two images with separate subcaptions.
+ This can be done by inserting image floats into existing image floats.
+ Note that only the main caption of the float is added to the List of Figures
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:List-of-Figures"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Figure
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is an example of a figure float with two images set side by side.
+ You can also set the images one below the other.
+ Figure
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Undefinable"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Platypus"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ are the subfigures.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float figure
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Float figure
+wide false
+sideways false
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "fig:Undefinable"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Undefinable
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps
+ width 45col%
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Float figure
+wide false
+sideways false
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "fig:Platypus"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Platypus
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/platypus.eps
+ lyxscale 60
+ width 45col%
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Two distorted images.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Table Floats
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Floats ! Table floats
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Table floats can be inserted using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Table
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "float-insert table"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ They have the same properties as figure floats except that the table in
+ the float is normally placed below the caption and not above like for figures
+ and that the label begins with “tab:”.
+ Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Table-float"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is a table float.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float table
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "tab:Table-float"
+
+\end_inset
+
+A table float.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Joe
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Mary
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+Ted
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\int x^{2}dx$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\left[\begin{array}{cc}
+a & b\\
+c & d
+\end{array}\right]$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $1+1=2$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+More Information
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Floats ! Details
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX offers you further float types as well as rotated floats.
+ It also allows you to change the float numbering scheme, to control the
+ float placement and to change the formatting and placement of the float
+ caption.
+ All these features are explained in detail with many examples in the chapter
+
+\emph on
+Floats
+\emph default
+ in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Minipages
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Minipages
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LaTeX provides a mechanism essentially to produce a page within a page,
+ called a minipage.
+ Within a minipage, all the usual rules of indentation, line wrapping, etc.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+apply.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Minipages in LyX have their own collapsible box inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Box
+\family default
+.
+ Right-clicking on the box label allows you to alter the width of the minipage
+ and its alignment within the page.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Box Frameless
+position "t"
+hor_pos "c"
+has_inner_box 1
+inner_pos "t"
+use_parbox 0
+use_makebox 0
+width "30col%"
+special "none"
+height "1pt"
+height_special "totalheight"
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\shape italic
+This is a minipage.
+ The text is set in an italic style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\shape italic
+Minipages are often used for text in another language or text that needs
+ another formatting.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+If you place two minipages side-by-side, you can use
+\family sans
+Horizontal Fills
+\family default
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Box Frameless
+position "t"
+hor_pos "c"
+has_inner_box 1
+inner_pos "t"
+use_parbox 0
+use_makebox 0
+width "1.5in"
+special "none"
+height "1pt"
+height_special "totalheight"
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is a minipage with some stupid dummy text.
+ This dummy text is used to increase the size of the minipage.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Box Frameless
+position "t"
+hor_pos "c"
+has_inner_box 1
+inner_pos "t"
+use_parbox 0
+use_makebox 0
+width "1.5in"
+special "none"
+height "1pt"
+height_special "totalheight"
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is a minipage with some stupid dummy text.
+ This dummy text is used to increase the size of the minipage.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you right-click on a minipage box, you can transform the box to another
+ box type.
+ All box types and their settings are explained in detail in chapter
+\emph on
+Boxes
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+Mathematical Formulas
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formulas | see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Math
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "chap:Mathematical-Formulas"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The issues of this chapter are described in detail in the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+ There you will also find tips and tricks for special cases.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Basic Math Editing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Basics
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create a math formula, you can just click on the toolbar icon
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-mode on"
+\end_inset
+
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-mode"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ That will create a little blue rectangle, with purple markers around its
+ corners.
+ That blue rectangle is the formula itself; the purple markers indicate
+ what level of nesting within the formula you are at.
+ You can also choose a particular formula type to insert via the
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math
+\family default
+ menu.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Editing the parameters of a formula and adding math constructs can be done
+ with the
+\family sans
+math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+toolbar
+\family default
+, that appears if the cursor is in a formula.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are two main types of formulas, inline formulas and display formulas.
+ Inline formulas appear within a text line, like this one:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a line with an inline formula
+\begin_inset Formula $A=B$
+\end_inset
+
+ in it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Displayed formulas appear outside the text like if they were in a separate
+ paragraph, like this one:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+A=B
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+You can only number and reference displayed formulas.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX also supports many LaTeX math commands.
+ For example, typing
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+alpha
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, followed by a space, in a formula will create the Greek letter
+\begin_inset Formula $\alpha$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Typing commands might sometimes be faster than using the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Navigating in Formulas
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Navigating
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The best control over the cursor position within an existing formula is
+ achieved with the arrow keys.
+ LyX uses small rectangles to indicate places where something can be inserted.
+ The arrow keys can be used to navigate between parts of a formula.
+ Pressing
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ will leave a formula construct (a square root
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{2}$
+\end_inset
+
+, or parentheses
+\begin_inset Formula $\left(f\right)$
+\end_inset
+
+, or a matrix
+\begin_inset Formula $\left[\begin{array}{cc}
+1 & 2\\
+3 & 4
+\end{array}\right]$
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ Pressing
+\family sans
+Escape
+\family default
+ will leave the formula, placing the cursor after the formula.
+
+\family sans
+Tab
+\family default
+ can be used to move horizontally in a formula; for example, through the
+ cells of a matrix or the positions in a multi-line equation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+, printed in this document as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, seems to do nothing in a formula, since it does not add a space between
+ characters, but it does exit a nested structure.
+ For this reason, you have to be careful about using
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+.
+ For example, if you want
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{2x+1}$
+\end_inset
+
+, type
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sqrt
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+2x+1
+\series default
+ and not
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sqrt
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+2x
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
++1
+\series default
+, since in the latter case only the
+\family typewriter
+
+\begin_inset Formula $2x$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ will be under the square root sign:
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{2x}+1$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can leave many parts of a formula, like this matrix, partially filled
+ in, such as:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
+\lambda_{1}\\
+ & \ddots\\
+ & & \lambda_{n}
+\end{array}\right)
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+If you leave a fraction only partially filled in, or a subscript with nothing
+ in it, the results will be unpredictable, but most constructs don't mind.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Selecting Text
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can select text within a formula in two different ways.
+ Place the cursor at one end of the string of text you want, and press
+\family sans
+Shift
+\family default
+ and a cursor movement key to select text.
+ It will be highlighted as with regular text selection.
+ Alternatively, you can select text with the mouse in the usual way.
+ That text can then be cut or copied, and then pasted within any formula,
+ but not in a normal text region in LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Exponents and Subscripts
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Exponents
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Subscripts
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can use the math panel to add super- or subscripts (buttons
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-superscript"
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-subscript"
+\end_inset
+
+), but it is often much easier to use a command.
+ To get
+\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}$
+\end_inset
+
+, type in a formula
+\series bold
+x^2
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+.
+ The final
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ puts the cursor back down on the base line of the expression.
+ If you type
+\series bold
+x^2y
+\series default
+, you will get
+\begin_inset Formula $x^{2y}$
+\end_inset
+
+, to get
+\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}y$
+\end_inset
+
+, type
+\series bold
+x^2
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+y
+\series default
+.
+ If you use characters in the superscript, that could be accented with the
+ circumflex
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+^
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, you have to use an extra
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ to separate the circumflex and the character.
+ For example, if you want
+\begin_inset Formula $x^{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+, type
+\series bold
+x^
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+a
+\series default
+.
+ Subscripts are similar: To get
+\begin_inset Formula $a_{1}$
+\end_inset
+
+, type
+\series bold
+a_1
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Fractions
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Fractions
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Create a fraction either with the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+frac
+\series default
+ or by using the icon
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\frac"
+\end_inset
+
+ in the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+.
+ You will be presented with an empty fraction.
+ The cursor is above the fraction line.
+ To move it to the bottom, simply press
+\family sans
+Down
+\family default
+.
+ To move back up, press
+\family sans
+Up
+\family default
+.
+ Any math structure can be placed in a fraction, as this example shows:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left[\frac{1}{\left(\begin{array}{cc}
+2 & 3\\
+4 & 5
+\end{array}\right)}\right]
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Roots
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Roots
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Roots can be created using the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ buttons
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\sqrt"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\root"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sqrt
+\series default
+ or
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+root
+\series default
+.
+ With the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+root
+\series default
+ you can produce roots of higher orders, like cube roots, while
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sqrt
+\series default
+ always produces a square root.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Operators with Limits
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Sums
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Integrals
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Operators-with-Limits"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sum (
+\begin_inset Formula $\sum$
+\end_inset
+
+) and integral (
+\begin_inset Formula $\int$
+\end_inset
+
+) operators are very often decorated with limits.
+ These limits can be entered in LyX by entering them as you would enter
+ a super- or subscript, directly after the symbol.
+ The sum operator will automatically place its
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+limits
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ over and under the symbol in displayed formulas, and to the side in inline
+ formulas, as in
+\begin_inset Formula $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}=e$
+\end_inset
+
+, versus
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sum\nolimits _{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}=e
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+Integral signs, however, will place the limits to the side in both formula
+ types.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All operators with limits will be automatically re-sized when placed in
+ display mode.
+ The placement of the limits can be changed by placing the cursor directly
+ behind the operator and using the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Limits
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Type
+\family default
+ or entering
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-limits"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Certain other mathematical expressions also have this
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+moving limits
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ feature, such as
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Limits
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\lim_{x\rightarrow\infty}f(x),
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+which will place the
+\begin_inset Formula $x\rightarrow\infty$
+\end_inset
+
+ underneath the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+lim
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in display mode.
+ In inline formulas it looks like this:
+\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\rightarrow\infty}f(x)$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that the lim-function was entered as the function macro
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+lim
+\series default
+.
+ Have a look at section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Functions"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for an explanation of function macros.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Math Symbols
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Most math symbols can be found in the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ under one of several categories; including
+\family sans
+Greek
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Operators
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Relations
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Arrows
+\family default
+.
+ There are also the additional symbols provided by the American Mathematical
+ Society (AMS).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you know the LaTeX-command for a construct or symbol you wish to use,
+ you don't have to use the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+; you can type the command directly into the formula.
+ LyX will convert it to the corresponding symbol or construct.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Altering Spacing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Spaces
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You may want to create spaces that differ from the standard spacing that
+ LaTeX provides.
+ To do this, press
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "command-alternatives math-space ; space-insert protected"
+\end_inset
+
+ or use the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\space"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ This generates a small space, and shows a small marker on the screen.
+ For example, the sequence
+\series bold
+a Ctrl+Space b
+\series default
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $a\, b$
+\end_inset
+
+ appears in LyX as
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/SpaceMarker.png
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ You can change the space to different sizes when you set the cursor behind
+ the space marker and enter space again several times.
+ With every space enter the size will be changed.
+ Some markers for the space size appear red in LyX, because they are negative
+ spaces.
+ Here are two examples:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+a Ctrl+Space b
+\series default
+ and 3×
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $a\quad b$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+a Ctrl+Space b
+\series default
+ and 5×
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $a\! b$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Functions
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Functions
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Functions"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ contains under the button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\functions"
+\end_inset
+
+ a number of function macros, such as
+\begin_inset Formula $\sin$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\lim$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\emph on
+etc
+\emph default
+.
+ (you can also insert them in a formula by typing
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+sin
+\series default
+ etc.).
+ Standard mathematical practice is that functions are printed upright to
+ avoid confusions, because
+\begin_inset Formula $sin$
+\end_inset
+
+ does normally mean
+\begin_inset Formula $s\cdot i\cdot n$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Using the function macros will also produce correct spacing around the function:
+
+\begin_inset Formula $a\sin x$
+\end_inset
+
+ is different from
+\begin_inset Formula $asinx$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For some mathematical objects, like limits, the macro changes where subscripts
+ are placed, as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Operators-with-Limits"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Accents
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Accents
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In a formula you can insert accented characters in the same way as in text
+ mode.
+ This may depend on your keyboard, or the bindings file you use.
+ You can also use LaTeX commands, for example, to enter
+\begin_inset Formula $\hat{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+ even if your keyboard doesn't have the circumflex enabled.
+ Our example is entered by typing
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hat
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+a
+\series default
+ in a formula.
+ Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Accent-names-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ shows the equivalences between the accent names and the commands.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float table
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "tab:Accent-names-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Accent names and the corresponding commands.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Name
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+E
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+xample
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+circumflex
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hat
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\hat{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+grave
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+grave
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\grave{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+acute
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+acute
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\acute{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+umlaut
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ddot
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\ddot{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+tilde
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+tilde
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\tilde{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+dot
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+dot
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\dot{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+breve
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+breve
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\breve{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+caron
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+check
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\check{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+macron
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+bar
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\bar{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+vector
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+vec
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family roman
+\series medium
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph off
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\vec{a}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can choose one of the accents by selecting an item from the
+\family sans
+Frame
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+decorations
+\family default
+ symbol set button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\hat"
+\end_inset
+
+ in the math panel; this will apply to any selection you have made within
+ a formula too.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Brackets and Delimiters
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Brackets
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Delimiters
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Brackets-and-Delimiters"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are several brackets available through LyX.
+ For some purposes, using just the keys
+\family typewriter
+[]{}()|<>
+\family default
+ should suffice.
+ But if you want to surround a large structure, like a matrix or a fraction,
+ or if you have several layers of brackets, it is better to use the math
+ toolbar delimiter icon
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show mathdelimiter"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ For example, if you construct the brackets around a matrix in this way:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left[\begin{array}{cc}
+1 & 2\\
+3 & 4
+\end{array}\right]
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+it makes it easier to see the layers of parentheses.
+ Below, the expression on the left was entered using the delimiter icon
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show mathdelimiter"
+\end_inset
+
+ and the expression on the right was entered using the
+\family typewriter
+()
+\family default
+ keys.
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\frac{1}{\left(1+\left(\frac{1}{1+\left(\frac{1}{1+x}\right)}\right)\right)}\qquad\qquad\frac{1}{(1+(\frac{1}{1+(\frac{1}{1+x})}))}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you use the delimiter icon, the parentheses, and other brackets from
+ that menu will automatically re-size to accommodate the size of what is
+ inside.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To construct brackets click on the button for the bracket you want on the
+ left side and right side.
+ If you use the option
+\family sans
+Keep
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+matched
+\family default
+, the selected bracket type will be used for the left and the right side.
+ The selection will be shown as TeX code.
+ If you want one side not to have a bracket, use
+\family sans
+(none)
+\family default
+.
+ It will appear in LyX with a dotted line, but nothing will be printed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you want to place brackets around existing math structures, like a square
+ root, you can do so by first highlighting (selecting) the structure that
+ is to go inside the brackets.
+ Then choose the appropriate brackets for left and right and click on
+\family sans
+Insert
+\family default
+.
+ The most common bracket combinations (parentheses, square brackets, and
+ braces, on both sides) can be entered more quickly using keyboard shortcuts.
+ For example, to insert a pair of parentheses, select the structure and
+ enter
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-delim ( )"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Arrays and Multi-line Equations
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Arrays
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Matrices
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Multi-line Equations
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Matrices are entered in LyX using the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ matrix button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show mathmatrix"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It will open a dialog for you to choose the number of rows/columns.
+ Here is an example:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
+1 & 2 & 3\\
+4 & 5 & 6\\
+7 & 8 & 9
+\end{array}\right)
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+The parentheses aren't automatic, but you can add them as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Brackets-and-Delimiters"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ When you construct the matrix, you can decide whether the column entries
+ will be left-, right-, or center-justified.
+ This alignment is set in the box
+\family sans
+Horizontal
+\family default
+ with the letters
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+l
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+r
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+c
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ LyX proposes a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+c
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ for every column as default.
+ For example, the sequence
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+lcr
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ means that the first column will be left-justified, the second will be
+ centered, and the third column will be right-justified, because each letter
+ corresponds to the relevant column.
+ The result will look like this:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\begin{array}{lcr}
+this & this\, column & this\, column\\
+column & has & has\, right\\
+has\, left\, alignment & center\, alignment & alignment
+\end{array}.
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can add more rows to an existing matrix by entering
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ while the cursor is in the matrix.
+ Adding or deleting columns can be done via the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math
+\family default
+ or the math toolbar.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are other arrays used in formulas, such as distinctions of cases.
+ It can be created with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cases
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Environment
+\family default
+ or the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cases
+\series default
+.
+ Here is an example:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+f(x)=\begin{cases}
+-1 & x<0\\
+0 & x=0\\
+1 & x>0
+\end{cases}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+Multi-line formulas are created when you press
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ within a formula.
+ In an empty formula you can see that three blue boxes appear, one for each
+ column.
+ When you press
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ in a non-empty formula, the part before the relation sign (equal sign
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+=
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ etc.) will be inserted automatically in the first column, the relation sign
+ is in the second column, and the rest in the third column.
+ A new row is created by every further entry of
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Multi-line formulas are always displayed formulas.
+ Here is an example:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
+a^{2} & = & (b^{2}+c^{2})(b^{2}-c^{2})\nonumber \\
+a & = & \sqrt{b^{4}-c^{4}}\label{eq:asquared}
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\end_inset
+
+Note that the middle column is designed for relation signs so structures
+ in this column will be printed in a smaller size:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\frac{A}{B} & \frac{A}{B} & \frac{A}{B}
+\end{eqnarray*}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The multi-line formula type described here is called
+\family typewriter
+\series medium
+eqnarray
+\family default
+\series default
+.
+ There are other multi-line types more suitable for certain situations,
+ for example if you want a better inter-line spacing than in formula
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:asquared"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The other types are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:AMS-Formula-Types"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Formula Numbering and Referencing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Formula numbering
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Referencing formulas
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Formula-Numbering-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To number a formula, set the cursor in the formula and use the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Number
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Whole
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formula
+\family default
+ or the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The formula number appears in LyX within parentheses.
+ The number shown is temporary and may be different when the output is generated.
+ The placement and format of the formula number in the output depends on
+ the document class.
+ In this document the number is printed together with the chapter number,
+ separated by a dot:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+1+1=2
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+Using
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+ in a numbered formula will switch off the numbering.
+ You can only number displayed formulas.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Multi-line formulas can be numbered line by line: Using the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Number
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+This
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\family default
+ or the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-line-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+ will only toggle the numbering of the line where the cursor is:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
+1 & = & 3-2\\
+2 & = & 4-2\nonumber \\
+4 & \leq & 7
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\end_inset
+
+To number all lines use the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+Every displayed formula can be referenced by its number using a label.
+ A label is inserted with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Label
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "label-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+) when the cursor is in the formula.
+ This opens a dialog to enter the label.
+ It is recommended that you use the suggested
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+eq:
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ as the first part of the label, because this helps later to identify the
+ label type when you have many labels in your document.
+ We inserted in the following example the label
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+eq:tanhExp
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in the second line:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\tanh(x) & = & \frac{\sinh(x)}{\cosh(x)}\nonumber \\
+ & = & \frac{\mathrm{e}^{2x}-1}{\mathrm{e}^{2x}+1}\label{eq:tanhExp}
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\end_inset
+
+Every labeled line is automatically numbered.
+ Therefore the label is shown behind the formula number.
+ You can reference a labeled formula using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cross
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Reference
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ A dialog appears to choose a label you want to refer to.
+ The reference appears in LyX as a gray cross-reference box and in the output
+ as the formula number:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a cross-reference to equation (
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "eq:tanhExp"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The properties of LyX's cross-reference box are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ To delete a label, set the cursor at the end in the labeled formula and
+ press
+\family sans
+Del
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+User defined math macros
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Macros
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX allows you to define macros for formulas which is very useful when you
+ have equations of the same form in a document several times.
+ Math macros are explained in section
+\emph on
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Macros
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Fine-Tuning
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Typefaces
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Typefaces
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The standard font for text is italic, for numbers the standard is roman.
+ To set a font in a formula, use the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\font"
+\end_inset
+
+, or enter its command, listed in table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Typefaces-and-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, directly.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float table
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "tab:Typefaces-and-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Typefaces and the corresponding commands.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Font
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Roman}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathrm
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathbf{\mathbf{Bold}}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathbf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathit{Italic}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathtt{Typewriter}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathtt
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathbf{\mathbb{BLACKBOARD}}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathbb
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{Fraktur}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathfrak
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\shape up
+\size normal
+\emph on
+\bar no
+\noun off
+\color none
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathcal{CALLIGRAPHIC}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathcal
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathsf{SansSerif}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathsf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ You can only print capital letters in the typefaces
+\family sans
+Blackboard
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Calligraphic
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you use a typeface, a blue box is inserted in the formula.
+ Every character in this box will be printed in this typeface.
+ Pressing
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ within the box will set the cursor outside, so that you have to use a protected
+ space when you need a space in the box.
+ Here is an example where
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+N
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in
+\family sans
+Blackboard
+\family default
+ denotes the set of numbers:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+f(x)=\sqrt{x}\:;\: x\in\mathbb{N}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The typefaces are nestable, which can cause confusion.
+ You can, for example, put a character in
+\family sans
+Fraktur
+\family default
+ in a box for
+\family sans
+Typewriter
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathtt{abc\mathfrak{d}e}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+So it is better not to use this feature.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The typefaces have no effect on Greek letters:
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{abc\delta e}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+You can only print them emboldened using the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+boldsymbol
+\series default
+, which works like the other typeface commands:
+\begin_inset Formula $\alpha\beta\gamma\boldsymbol{\alpha\beta\gamma}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+boldsymbol
+\series default
+ works for all symbols, letters, and numbers.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A number of other font options are available as well, in the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Math Text
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Text
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Typefaces are useful for entering some characters in some given font, but
+ not for text.
+ For typing longer pieces of text use the math text, which is obtained using
+ the entry
+\family sans
+Normal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+mode
+\family default
+ of the
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panel
+\family default
+ button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\font"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Math text appears in LyX in black instead of blue.
+ You can use spaces and accents in math text as in normal text.
+ Here is an example:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+f(x)=\begin{cases}
+x & \mbox{if I say so}\\
+-x & \mbox{under Umständen}
+\end{cases}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Font Sizes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Font sizes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are four font styles (relative sizes) used in math-mode, which are
+ automatically chosen in most situations.
+ These are called
+\family sans
+textstyle
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+displaystyle
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+scriptstyle
+\family default
+, and
+\family sans
+scriptscriptstyle
+\family default
+.
+ For most characters,
+\family sans
+textstyle
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+displaystyle
+\family default
+ are actually the same size, but fractions, superscripts and subscripts,
+ and certain other structures, are set larger in
+\family sans
+displaystyle
+\family default
+.
+ Except for some operators, which resize themselves to accommodate various
+ situations, all text will be set in the styles that LaTeX thinks are appropriat
+e.
+ These choices can be overridden by using the math panel button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\style"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A box for the size will be created in which you can insert the math structure.
+ For example, you can set
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{1}{2}$
+\end_inset
+
+, which is normally in
+\family sans
+textstyle
+\family default
+, larger in
+\family sans
+displaystyle
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Formula ${\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The four styles are used in the following example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula $displaystyle$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula ${\textstyle textstyle}$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula ${\scriptstyle scriptstyle}$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula ${\scriptscriptstyle scriptscriptstyle}$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All these math-mode font sizes are relative so that if the whole math inset
+ is set in a particular size with the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style
+\family default
+, all sizes in the formula will be adjusted relative to this size.
+ Similarly, if the base font size of the document is changed, all fonts
+ will be adjusted to correspond.
+ As an example here is a formula in the font size
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+largest
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family roman
+\size largest
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{e}=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n!}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+AMS-LaTeX
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+AMS math
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! AMS
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX supports the packages provided by the American Mathematical Society
+ (AMS) that are in common use.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Enabling AMS-Support
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can make the facilities of the AMS-packages explicitly available in
+ the document by selecting the checkbox
+\family sans
+Use
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+AMS
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+package
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog under
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Options
+\family default
+.
+ AMS is needed for many math-constructs; so when you get LaTeX-errors in
+ formulas, ensure that you have enabled AMS.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+AMS-Formula Types
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:AMS-Formula-Types"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Math ! Multi-line Equations
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+AMS-LaTeX provides a selection of different formula types.
+ LyX allows you to choose between
+\family typewriter
+align
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+alignat
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+flalign
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+gather
+\family default
+, and
+\family typewriter
+multline
+\family default
+.
+ We refer you to the AMS-documentation,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "AMS"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, for an explanation of these formula types.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+More Tools
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Cross-References
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Cross references
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+One of LyX's strengths is cross-references.
+ You can reference every section, float, footnote, formula, and list in
+ the document.
+ To reference a document part, you have to insert a label into it.
+ The label is used as an anchor and a name for the reference.
+ We want for example to refer to the second item of the following list:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+First item
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "enu:Second-item"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Second item
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Third item
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+First we insert a label into the second item with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Label
+\family default
+ or by pressing the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "label-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A gray label box like this:
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/labelQt4.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is inserted and the label window pops up asking for the label text.
+ LyX offers as text the first words of the item with a prefix, in our case
+ the text
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+enu:Second-item
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The prefix
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+enu:
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ stands for
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+enumerate
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The prefix depends on the document part where the label is inserted; for
+ example, if you insert a label into a section heading, the suggested prefix
+ will be
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+sec:
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To reference the item, we refer to its label using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cross-Reference
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A gray cross-reference box like this:
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/referenceQt4.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is inserted and the cross-reference window appears showing all the labels
+ in the document.
+ We can now sort the labels alphabetically and then choose the entry
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+enu:Second-item
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ At the position of the cross-reference box the item number will appear
+ in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As an alternative to
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cross-Reference
+\family default
+, you can right-click on a label and in the popup menu select
+\family sans
+Copy as Reference
+\family default
+.
+ The cross-reference to this label is now in the clipboard and can be pasted
+ to the actual cursor position via the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paste
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paste"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is our cross-reference: Item
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "enu:Second-item"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is recommended to use a protected space
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Protected-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ between the cross-reference name and the cross-reference to avoid ugly
+ line breaks between them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are six formats of cross-references:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+<reference>: prints the number, this is the default:
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+(<reference>): prints the number within two parentheses, this is the style
+ normally used to reference formulas, especially when the reference name
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Equation
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is omitted:
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:tanhExp"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+<page>: prints the page number: Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand pageref
+reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+on
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+<page>: prints the text “on page” and the page number:
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand vpageref
+reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+If the label is on the same page, it prints “on this page”; if the label
+ is on a facing page in a two-sided document, it prints “on the facing page”;
+ if it is on the previous page which is not a facing page, it prints “on
+ the previous page”; if it is on the next page which is not a facing page,
+ it prints “on the next page”.
+ The wording of the printed text also depends on the used document class.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+<reference>
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+on
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+<page>: prints the number, the text “on page” and the page number:
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand vref
+reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+If the label is on the same page, this format behaves like
+\family sans
+\series bold
+<reference>
+\family default
+\series default
+; otherwise it behaves like
+\family sans
+\series bold
+on
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+<page>
+\family default
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Formatted
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+reference: prints a self defined cross-reference format.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ This feature is only available when you have the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+prettyref
+\series default
+ or
+\series bold
+refstyle
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! prettyref
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! refstyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ installed.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+You can select which LaTeX-package should be used for this feature by setting
+ the option
+\family sans
+Use refstyle (not prettyref) for cross-references
+\family default
+ in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document Class
+\family default
+.
+ The package
+\series bold
+refstyle
+\series default
+ is the default and preferred because
+\series bold
+prettyref
+\series default
+ supports only English documents.
+ The format is specified by using the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newrefformat
+\series default
+ (prettyref) or
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newref
+\series default
+ (refstyle) in the LaTeX preamble of the document.
+ For example redefining all references to figures (which have the label
+ shortcut
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+fig
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+) can be done with this command
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newref{fig}{refcmd={Image on page
+\backslash
+pageref{#1}}}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+For more information about the format, have a look at the package documentations
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "prettyref,refstyle"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Textual
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+reference: prints the caption or the name of the reference:
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand nameref
+reference "fig:Two-distorted-images"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The number and current page of the referenced document part in the output
+ is automatically calculated by LaTeX.
+ The varieties are adjusted in the field
+\family sans
+Format
+\family default
+ of the cross-reference window, that appears when you click on the cross-referen
+ce.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can only use the style
+\family sans
+<reference>
+\family default
+ to reference numbered document parts, while the reference style
+\family sans
+<page>
+\family default
+ is always possible.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you want to reference a section, put the label in the section heading;
+ for floats put the label in the caption; for footnotes put the label in
+ it.
+ Referencing formulas is explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Formula-Numbering-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Right-clicking on a cross-reference opens a context menu.
+ The entry
+\family sans
+Go
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Label
+\family default
+ sets the cursor before the referenced label.
+ This entry will be renamed in the context menu of the label to
+\family sans
+Go
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Back
+\family default
+ so that you can use it to set the cursor back to the cross-reference.
+ You can also go back with the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "bookmark-goto 0"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can change labels at any time.
+ References to the changed label will automatically be updated so that you
+ do not need to think about this.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If a cross-reference refers to a non-existent label, you will see in LyX
+ “BROKEN” in the cross-reference label and two question marks in the output
+ instead of the reference.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+References are described in detail in the section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Referencing Floats
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Table of Contents and other Listings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Table of contents
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Outline
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:toc"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Table of Contents
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Table-of-Contents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The Table of Contents (TOC) is inserted with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+List/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Contents
+\family default
+.
+ It is displayed in LyX as a gray box.
+ If you click on it, the
+\family sans
+Outline
+\family default
+ window appears, showing you the TOC entries as outline, which allows you
+ to move and rearrange sections in your documents.
+ So this operation is an alternative to the menu
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Outline
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Pane
+\family default
+ that is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:The-Outliner"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The TOC in the document output lists every numbered section automatically.
+ If you have declared a short title for a section heading, as described
+ in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Short-Titles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, it will be used in the TOC instead of the section heading.
+ Section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Numbering-depth"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ describes how the level is adjusted that defines which section types are
+ listed in the TOC.
+ Unnumbered sections are not listed in the TOC.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+List of Figures, Tables, Listings and Algorithms
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:List-of-Figures"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Table, figure, listings and algorithm lists are very much like the table
+ of contents.
+ You can insert them via the
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+List/TOC
+\family default
+ submenus.
+ The list entries are the float captions and the float number.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+URLs and Hyperlinks
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+URLs
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Hyperlinks
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+URLs
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:URLs"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Links to web pages or email addresses can be inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+URL
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example URL: LyX's homepage:
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.lyx.org
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You cannot change the style of the link text, the URL text will always be
+ in the style
+\family typewriter
+Typewriter
+\family default
+.
+ To be able to format the URL text, use hyperlinks as explained in the next
+ subsection.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ URLs must not end with a backslash, otherwise you get LaTeX errors.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Hyperlinks
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Hyperlinks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Hyperlinks can be inserted with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Hyperlink
+\family default
+ or with the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "href-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The appearing dialog has two fields:
+\family sans
+Target
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Name
+\family default
+.
+ The name is the printed text for the hyperlink.
+ The hyperlink type can be a weblink like this:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "LyX's homepage"
+target "http://www.lyx.org"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, an Email address like this:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "lyx-docs mailing list"
+target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org?subject=LyX's documentation"
+type "mailto:"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, or a link to a file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can start applications via a hyperlink when you insert a weblink by
+ adding the prefix
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+run:
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to the link target.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Hyperlinks will automatically be hyphenated if necessary in the PDF output,
+ and become clickable in the DVI and PDF-output.
+ To set the format of the link text, highlight the hyperlink inset and use
+ the text style dialog.
+ This is for example a hyperlink with bold sans serif text:
+\family sans
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "LyX's homepage"
+target "http://www.lyx.org"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The link text color can be changed, when the option
+\family sans
+Color links
+\family default
+ is set in the PDF Properties dialog (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+PDF Properties
+\family default
+).
+ The link text is for example set in this document to blue by adding the
+ option
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+urlcolor=blue
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+to the field
+\family sans
+Additional options
+\family default
+ in the PDF Properties dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Appendices
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Appendix
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Appendices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Appendices are created with the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Start
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Here
+\family default
+.
+ This menu sets the document from the current cursor position to the end
+ as the appendix part of the book.
+ This part is marked with a red borderline.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Every chapter (or section) within the appendix part is treated as an appendix,
+ numbered with a capital Latin letter.
+ The appendix subsections are numbered with this letter followed by a dot
+ and the subsection number.
+ All appendix sections can be referenced as if they were normal sections,
+ here two examples:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Credits"
+
+\end_inset
+
+; Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Export"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Bibliography
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bibliography
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are two ways of generating the bibliography in a LyX-document.
+ You can include a bibliography database,
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Known under the name
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+BibTeX-database
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ which is explained in the next subsection, or you can insert the bibliography
+ manually, using the paragraph environment
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+, which was described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Biblio_environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you want anything other than the numerical citations that are used in
+ this document, like author-year citations, then you must
+\emph on
+
+\emph default
+use a bibliography database.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+The Bibliography Environment
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Within the
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ environment, every paragraph begins with a gray bibliography box labeled
+ with a number.
+ If you click on it, you will get a dialog in which you can set a
+\family sans
+Key
+\family default
+ and a
+\family sans
+Label
+\family default
+.
+ The key is the symbolic name by which you will refer to this bibliography
+ entry.
+ For example, our second entry in the bibliography is a book about LaTeX
+ and we used
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+latexcompanion
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, a short form of its title, as the key.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can cross-reference a bibliography entry using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Citation
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset citation"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A citation reference box is inserted and a citation window will appear
+ containing the available citations.
+ Select one or more keys from the list and
+\family sans
+Add
+\family default
+ them.
+ Then press
+\family sans
+OK
+\family default
+.
+ The citation reference box will be labeled with the referenced key(s).
+ If you click on the box, the citation window will appear and you can change
+ the reference.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Citation references appear in the output as the number of the bibliography
+ entry with surrounding brackets.
+ If you set a
+\family sans
+Label
+\family default
+ for the entry, the label will appear instead of the number.
+ Here are two examples; the first without a label, the second with the label
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Credits
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Have a look at the
+\family sans
+LaTeX Companion Second Edition
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "latexcompanion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The LyX-Team members are listed in the Credits:
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "lyxcredit"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To align all entries in the bibliography environment you can set a longest
+ label via the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\family default
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout-paragraph"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ All entries are then indented in the output by the width of the given label.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Bibliography databases (BibTeX)
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bibliography ! Databases
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bibliography ! BibTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Bibliography-databases"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Bibliography databases are useful if you use the same bibliography in different
+ documents.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+They are also useful for keeping a database of articles and notes concerning
+ them.
+ Most of the database programs mentioned below allow you to store annotations
+ and reviews along with bibliographical information.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ It also makes it very easy to have a uniform layout for all bibliography
+ entries.
+ You can collect the bibliography of all relevant books and articles of
+ your working field in a database.
+ This database can be used for different documents, and by default only
+ the entries cited in a particular document will appear in the bibliography
+ list for that document.
+ This relieves you of the need to keep track of which articles and books
+ you have cited.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The database is a text file with the file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+.bib
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, containing the bibliography in a special format.
+ The format is explained in
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "BibTeX-2"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and in the LaTeX books (
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Mittelbach,Kopka,Lamport"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The file can be created using any text editor, but normally one uses a
+ special program to create and edit the entries in the database.
+ A list of such programs is maintained on the LyX Wiki at
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/BibTeX/Programs
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use a database, use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+List
+\family default
+/
+\family sans
+TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+BibT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Bibliography
+\family default
+.
+ A gray box will be inserted and a window appears.
+ In this window you can add one or more databases and select a
+\family sans
+style
+\family default
+ file.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Add bibliography to TOC
+\family default
+ adds a table of contents entry for the bibliography.
+ In the
+\family sans
+Content
+\family default
+ drop box you can select whether to include all the entries in the database
+ in the document or just the cited references.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The style file is a text file with the file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+.bst
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ that controls how the bibliography entries will appear.
+ Your LaTeX distribution should provide several of these, and many publishers
+ provide their own style files, so that you don't have to take care of the
+ layout.
+ It is of course possible to write your own style file, but this is something
+ for experts.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+For information on how this is done, have a look at
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxhak.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserting a citation reference works as described in the previous section.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To generate the bibliography from a database, LyX uses the program BibTeX.
+ You can choose which of its variants should be used by LyX as the
+\family sans
+Processor
+\family default
+ either in
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ or in
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\family default
+.
+ The following variants are possible:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+biber provides full Unicode support, unlimited memory, but does not work
+ with other bibliography packages (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+natbib
+\series default
+), only with the package
+\series bold
+biblatex
+\series default
+; recommended for multilingual texts and for languages that don't use Latin
+ letters
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+bibtex the standard; does not allow special characters in bibliography entries
+ that are not possible to encode in a 7-bit encoding, limited memory, works
+ with all bibliography packages, except
+\series bold
+biblatex
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+bibtex8 allows all characters that are possible to encode in an 8-bit encoding,
+ larger memory than
+\family sans
+bibtex
+\family default
+, works with all bibliography packages
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+BibTeX can be controlled with options that you can add below the specification
+ of the variants.
+ Before adding options, it is strongly recommended that you read the manual
+ of
+\family sans
+BibTeX
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "BibTeX"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you select the option
+\family sans
+Sectioned bibliography
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ dialog, it is possible to have multiple and sectioned bibliographies.
+ This and other options are explained in detail in section
+\emph on
+Customizing Bibliographies
+\emph default
+
+\emph on
+with BibTeX
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We use two bibliographies in this document to show the difference between
+ the two methods of creating them.
+ As you can see, the bibliography that is created from a database lists
+ only the database entries that are referenced in the document.
+ We used the style file
+\family sans
+alphadin.bst
+\family default
+ to get the complicated German reference key scheme in the bibliography.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Bibliography layout
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Bibliography ! Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the citation reference dialog you can set a special citation format.
+ For this feature you need to enable the option
+\family sans
+Natbib
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ dialog under
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+.
+ Setting a citation style for a reference will overwrite the default.
+ For the global citation format use the BibTeX style files as explained
+ in the previous section.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also set text to appear before or after a citation reference, in
+ the citation reference window.
+ Here is an example where the text
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Chapter
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+3
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ appears after the reference:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Have a look at
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+after "Chapter 3"
+key "latexcompanion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index generation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Index"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An index entry is created if you use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Index
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Entry
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "index-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A box is inserted containing the text that appears in the index.
+ The word where the cursor is in or the currently highlighted text is proposed
+ by LyX as the index entry.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The index list is inserted in the document with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+List/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Index
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+List
+\family default
+.
+ A light blue box labeled
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Index
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ will show the place where the index is printed in the output.
+ The index list box is not clickable like other LyX-boxes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+We give a short overview of the index commands in the next subsections.
+ For a detailed description of LaTeX's index mechanism, have a look at one
+ of the LaTeX books
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "latexcompanion,latexguide,latexbook"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Grouping Index Entries
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index ! Grouping
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Index entries are often grouped to offer the reader a fast search in the
+ index.
+ We want to group for example the index entries for itemized and enumerated
+ lists under the entry
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Lists
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ First we create the entry
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Lists
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Lists"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ In the text field for the itemized list index entry in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Itemize"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, we insert the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+Lists ! Itemize
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+and the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+Lists ! Enumerate
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+for the enumerated list in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Enumerate"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The exclamation mark
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+!
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ marks the grouping levels.
+ You can have three levels; every index level is indented a bit more.
+ An index entry for the higher levels is not required.
+ If we don't have an index entry for
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Lists
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, it will be printed anyway, but without a page number.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Page Ranges
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index ! Page ranges
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Normally an index entry will appear with the page number of the indexed
+ section.
+ But sometimes you want to index more pages under the same entry.
+ For example, if we want to index the paragraph environments, we create
+ an index entry in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Paragraph-Environments"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ with the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+Paragraph environments|(
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+and another entry at the end of section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LyX-Code"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ with the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+Paragraph environments|)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The commands
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+|(
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+|)
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ respectively start and end the index range.
+ You can also add the same index entry at different places in the document.
+ They appear in the output under one entry with a comma separated list of
+ the pages of the indexed document parts.
+ An example is the index entry
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Document ! Settings
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Cross referencing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index ! Cross referencing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is also possible to refer to another index entry.
+ We referred for example in the index entry
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+GIF
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Image-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) to the index entry
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Image formats
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in the same section using the entry
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+GIF|see{Image formats}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+where the braces have to be inserted as TeX Code.
+ The text within the braces is the referenced entry.
+ The reference will appear in the output without a page number.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Index Entry Order
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index ! Entry order
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you use accented characters in the index entry the entries might not
+ follow the rules for the index order.
+ The index entries are sorted alphabetically but LaTeX
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The index generating is done in the background by an extra program, see
+ section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Index-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ does not know how to sort accents in different languages.
+ We have created as an example the three dummy index entries
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+maison
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+maïs
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+maître
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dummy entries ! maïs
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dummy entries ! maître
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dummy entries ! maïs@maison
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ They will be sorted in the order maïs, maître, maison but we want the order
+ maïs, maison, maître.
+ To achieve this, we use the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+previous entry@current entry
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In our case we want to have
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+maison
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ after
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+maïs
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and write therefore for the index entry of maison:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+maïs@maison
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The previous entry need not be a real existing entry.
+ You can also use another word to tell LaTeX the entry order.
+ See the next subsection for an example.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In some cases the index entry order is not correct when you are using the
+ program
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+to generate the index (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Index-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+ would for example print the index entry for the LaTeX-package aeguill in
+ sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Document-Font"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ after the index entries of the other LaTeX-packages although all these
+ index commands start with
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+LaTeX-packages !
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The reason is that the index entry for aeguill is in a footnote.
+ To fix this
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+ bug, add these commands to the preamble of your document:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+let
+\backslash
+OrgIndex
+\backslash
+index
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand*{
+\backslash
+index}[1]{
+\backslash
+OrgIndex{#1}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Index Entry Layout
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index ! Entry layout
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can change the appearance of index entries via the text style dialog.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dummy entries !
+\shape italic
+This is an italic dummy entry
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ You can also format the page number using the character
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+|
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ followed by a LaTeX-command without a backslash.
+ We can write for example
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+italic page number:|textit
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+to get the page number in italic.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dummy entries ! italic page number:|textit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Normally all LaTeX-commands begin with a backslash, but in this special
+ case
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+|command
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ means
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+command{page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+number}
+\series default
+.
+ Have a look at section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to learn more about the LaTeX-syntax.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Formatting single index entries only works when you use the program
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+to generate the index, see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Index-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you use
+\family sans
+xindy
+\family default
+, this will not work for anything other than bold or italic text.
+ This is because
+\family sans
+xindy
+\family default
+ requires you to define semantic elements before they can be used, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+after "p. 678 ff."
+key "latexcompanion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for details.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In general, we encourage you to not format page numbers directly as shown
+ above.
+ Instead, you should define a macro in the preamble and use that.
+ Maybe you want all page references italic that refer to a definition of
+ the indexed term, so that users can easily find definitions.
+ If so, put the following in the preamble
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+IndexDef}[1]{
+\backslash
+textit{#1}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+and write
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+my entry|IndexDef
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+in the index entry.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Dummy entries ! my entry|IndexDef
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ The advantage is that, if you change your mind later or if your publisher
+ insists that definitions must not be italic but bold, you just need to
+ change the macro in the preamble, not every single index entry.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also change the layout for the whole index.
+ For example, we marked the index list box of this document as bold to get
+ a bold font for all index entries.
+ For more advanced tasks you have to set up a so-called
+\emph on
+Index Style File
+\emph default
+, see the
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+xindy
+\family default
+ documentation for details,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "makeindex,xindy"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Index Program
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Index ! Program
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Index-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the index generation program
+\family sans
+xindy
+\family default
+ is installed, LyX uses it for index generation; otherwise the program
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+, the program that is part of every LaTeX distribution, is used.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Makeindex
+\family default
+ is very old, no longer under development and has many pitfalls, notably
+ that it was developed with only the English language in mind.
+ So it fails to sort anything other than a monolingual English text correctly.
+ We have shown above how to fix this sorting.
+ However, if you are writing in another than the English language, consider
+ to use
+\family sans
+xindy
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Both programs can be controlled by options that can be set in LyX's preferences
+ dialog, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-settings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The available options are listed and explained in
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "makeindex,xindy"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ In this dialog, you can also specify an alternative program to generate
+ the index.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you need specific options or an alternative index program only for a
+ given document, you can define the program and\SpecialChar \slash{}
+or the options in
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Indexes
+\family default
+.
+ This is especially useful if you need to pass language-specific options
+ to the index program or if you need a specific layout style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Multiple Indexes
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In many fields it is common to have more than one index.
+ For instance, you might need to set up a separate
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Index of Names
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ next to the standard index.
+ LaTeX does not provide this possibility out of the box, but there are packages
+ that add this feature.
+ LyX uses the
+\series bold
+splitidx
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! splitidx
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ package to generate multiple indexes.
+ The package is included in all recent LaTeX distributions.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+If yours does not ship it, consult the TeX-catalogue,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "TeXCatalogue"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Note that the package does not only consist of a LaTeX style, but it also
+ includes specific preprocessor programs that need to be installed as well.
+ Please consult the package's manual for details.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To set up LyX for the use of multiple indexes, go to
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Indexes
+\family default
+ and select the option
+\family sans
+Use multiple Indexes
+\family default
+.
+ Note that the list
+\family sans
+Available Indexes
+\family default
+ already contains the standard index
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Index
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ To add further indexes, add the name of the index (in the form that should
+ also appear as a heading) to the
+\family sans
+New
+\family default
+ input field and press the
+\family sans
+Add
+\family default
+ button.
+ The new index now also appears in the list.
+ If you like, you can attribute an alternative LyX label color to the new
+ index.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Once the document changes have been applied, you can find the new index
+ list in
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+List/TOC
+\family default
+ and the
+\family sans
+Insert
+\family default
+ menu has a separate entry for each of the defined indexes.
+ The workflow is basically the same as for the default index, but there
+ are additional features:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+If you want to change the attribution of a specific index entry, right-clicking
+ on the entry's label will open a dialog where you can do that.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+By right-clicking on an index, you can change its type.
+ Furthermore, you can specify an index to be a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Subindex.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ If you do that, the heading of that list will be decreased by one level.
+ For example, if you use a book class, where the standard index heading
+ is defined as a chapter, subindexes will be defined as sections and can
+ thus be nested to the non-subindexes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Nomenclature/Glossary
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nomenclature
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Glossary|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Nomenclature
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Nomenclature"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sometimes you need to provide a list of technical terms or symbols that
+ are mentioned in your document with a brief explanation of them – a so
+ called nomenclature or glossary.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to create nomenclatures or glossaries, you need the LaTeX package
+
+\series bold
+nomencl
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! nomencl
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ installed.
+ You find it in the TeX-catalogue,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "TeXCatalogue"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or in the package manager of your LaTeX-system.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A nomenclature entry is created if you place the cursor after a symbol entry
+ and then use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
+\family default
+N
+\family sans
+omenclature
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Entry
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "nomencl-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A gray box labeled
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Nom
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is inserted and a window pops up asking for the nomenclature entry.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A nomenclature entry consists of two main entries.
+ The first is the term or
+\family sans
+Symbol
+\family default
+ that you wish to define.
+ The second is the
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ of the term or symbol.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ You have to enter valid LaTeX-code for all fields of the nomenclature dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Nomenclature Definition and Layout
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nomenclature ! Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you have symbols in formulas, you have to define them in the
+\family sans
+Symbol
+\family default
+ field as LaTeX-formulas.
+ For example to get
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, insert this:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+$
+\backslash
+sigma$
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+The
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+$
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ character starts/ends the formula.
+ The LaTeX-command for the Greek letter is the name of the letter beginning
+ with a backslash
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ For capital Greek letters, start the command also with a capital letter,
+ like
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Sigma
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+(A short introduction to the LaTeX-syntax is given in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You cannot use the
+\family sans
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style
+\family default
+ dialog to format the description text; you have to use LaTeX-commands.
+ For example the description of the nomenclature entry for the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in this document is:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+dummy entry for the character
+\backslash
+textsf{sigma}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textsf
+\series default
+ sets the fonts to
+\family sans
+sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+serif
+\family default
+.
+ To get
+\series bold
+bold
+\series default
+ font use the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textbf
+\series default
+, for
+\family typewriter
+typewriter
+\family default
+ use
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+texttt
+\series default
+, for
+\emph on
+emphasized
+\emph default
+ use
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+emph
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the characters |
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+!
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+, @ and
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+"
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+should appear in nomenclature entries they need to be escaped by adding
+ a quote character in front of them.
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "\"@, \"|, \"!, \"\""
+description "The quote sign is output by writing ‘ \"\"\"\" '"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Sort Order of Nomenclature Entries
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nomenclature ! Sort order
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The nomenclature entries are sorted alphabetically by the LaTeX-code of
+ the symbol definition.
+ This leads to undesired results when you, for example, have symbols in
+ formulas.
+ Suppose you have nomenclature entries for the symbols
+\emph on
+a
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+symbol "a"
+description "dummy entry for the character \"a\""
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\emph default
+ and
+\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomenclature
+LatexCommand nomenclature
+prefix "sigma"
+symbol "$\\sigma$"
+description "dummy entry for the character \\textsf{sigma}"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ They will be sorted by
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+a
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+$
+\backslash
+sigma$
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ – the
+\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
+\end_inset
+
+ will be sorted before the
+\emph on
+a
+\emph default
+ since the character
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+$
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is considered in sorting.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To control the sort order, you can edit the
+\family sans
+Sort
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+as
+\family default
+ field of the nomenclature dialog.
+ Then the nomenclature entry will be sorted by this entry and not the symbol
+ definition.
+ For the example given, you can insert
+\family typewriter
+sigma
+\family default
+ in this field for the
+\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
+\end_inset
+
+, then
+\emph on
+a
+\emph default
+ will be located before
+\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For subgrouping and tips for using sort entries see the
+\series bold
+nomencl
+\series default
+ documentation,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "nomencl"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Nomenclature Options
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nomenclature ! Options
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\series bold
+nomencl
+\series default
+ package offers some options to adjust the appearance of the nomenclature.
+ Here are some of its options; for more have a look at its documentation:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+refeq Appends the phrase
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+, see equation (
+\emph on
+eq
+\emph default
+)
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to every nomenclature entry, where
+\family sans
+\emph on
+eq
+\family default
+\emph default
+ is the number of the last equation in front of the nomenclature entry
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+refpage Appends the phrase
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+, page (
+\emph on
+page
+\emph default
+)
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to every nomenclature entry, where
+\family sans
+\emph on
+page
+\family default
+\emph default
+ is the number of the page on which the nomenclature entry appeared
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+intoc Inserts the nomenclature in the Table of Contents
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use one or more of the options, add them to the comma-separated document
+ class options list in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ In this document the options
+\series bold
+refpage, intoc
+\series default
+ are used.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also use the first two options above only for certain nomenclature
+ entries when you add one of the following commands as last entry to the
+
+\family sans
+Description
+\family default
+ field in the nomenclature dialog:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+nomrefeq Like the
+\series bold
+refeq
+\series default
+ option
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+nomrefpage Like the
+\series bold
+refpage
+\series default
+ option
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+nomrefeqpage Short notation of
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+nomrefeq
+\backslash
+nomrefpage
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+nomnorefeq,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+nomnorefpage,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+nomnorefeqpage Turns off the corresponding options
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Words like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ are automatically translated for some document languages.
+ If not, add these lines to your LaTeX preamble:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+eqdeclaration}[1]{, see equation
+\backslash
+nobreakspace(#1)}
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+pagedeclaration}[1]{, page
+\backslash
+nobreakspace{}#1}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+and replace
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+see equation
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ by their translation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Printing the Nomenclature
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nomenclature ! Printing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To print the nomenclature, use the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Lists/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Nomenclature
+\family default
+.
+ A box labeled
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Nomenclature
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ will show the place where the nomenclature is printed in the output.
+ By right-clicking on it, the amount of space for symbols can be altered.
+ You can choose between these settings:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default a space of 1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm is used
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Longest
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+label
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+width the width of the widest symbol of all nomenclature entries is used
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Custom custom space
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the printed output the title of the nomenclature appears as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Nomenclature
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If you are not happy with the name, you can change it by redefining the
+ command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+nomname
+\series default
+ in the preamble.
+ For example, in order to change the name to
+\emph on
+List of Symbols
+\emph default
+, add the following line to the preamble:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family roman
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+nomname}{List of Symbols}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Nomenclature Program
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Nomenclature ! Program
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Nomenclature-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX uses the program
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+, that is part of every LaTeX distribution, to generate the nomenclature.
+ LyX's preferences dialog allows you to specify another program or to control
+
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+ by adding options, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-settings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The available options are listed and explained in
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "nomencl,makeindex"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Branches
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Branches
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Branches
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Branches"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sometimes it is useful to hide some document parts in the output.
+ For example a teacher who is setting an exam obviously doesn't want the
+ pupils to see the answers, but having questions and answers in the same
+ document will make the life of the markers of that exam much easier.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For these cases LyX allows you to put text into branches.
+ The text will then only appear in the output when its branch is activated.
+ To create a branch, either select the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Branch\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Insert New Branch
+\family default
+ (if you just want to specify a new branch) or go in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog to
+\family sans
+Branches
+\family default
+, where you can specify and change the name of the branch, its activation
+ state (whether the content of the branch is shown in the output or not),
+ its background color inside LyX and whether the name of the branch should
+ be appended to the document file name on export if the branch is active
+ (see below for an example).
+ Furthermore, the dialog lets you merge two branches (just rename one branch
+ to the name of the other) and to add
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+unknown branches
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+branches that were added to the document via copy and paste from other documents
+, without having been defined) to the document's branch list.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Text that should be in a branch is set into branch inset boxes.
+ These boxes are inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Branch
+\family default
+ where you can choose a branch.
+ You can later change the activation state of the branch by right-clicking
+ on them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example, where only the question text appears, the answer branch
+ is deactivated and therefore does not appear in the output:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Branch Question
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Question: Who was the first physics Nobel prize winner?
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Branch Answer
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Answer: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you activate
+\family sans
+Filename Suffix
+\family default
+ in
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Branches
+\family default
+, the name of the active branches will be appended to the file name at export.
+ Consider for example a file
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Exam.lyx
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ which has the above branches.
+ If
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Filename Suffix
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is active, the PDF export file would be called
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Exam.pdf
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ if both the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Question
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Answer
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ branch were inactive,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Exam-Question.pdf
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ if only the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Question
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ branch was active, likewise
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Exam-Answer.pdf
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ if only the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Answer
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ branch was active, and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Exam-Question-Answer.pdf
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ if both branches were active.
+ This helps you to export different versions of your document easily.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use conditional output inside places where you cannot insert branch insets,
+ like inside equations, you can code special LaTeX definitions for each
+ branch.
+ For example you can define for the question branch
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+For an introduction to the LaTeX-syntax, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+question}[1]{#1}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+answer}[1]{}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+and for the answer branch
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+question}[1]{}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+answer}[1]{#1}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Branch Question
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+question}[1]{#1}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+answer}[1]{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Branch Answer
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+question}[1]{}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+answer}[1]{#1}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Now it is possible to use the
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+question{\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+}
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+answer{\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+}
+\series default
+ commands to obtain conditional output.
+ Here is an example formula where only the
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+question
+\series default
+ part appears:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+x^{2}-2x-2\Rightarrow\question{x_{1}}\answer{x_{2}}=1\question{+\sqrt{3}}\answer{-\sqrt{3}}.
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inside math, the same effect can be achieved using math macros, see the
+
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Each type of branch is allowed to have its specific style defined in layout
+ files (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+any branch inset can be automatically wrapped by your own LaTeX commands.).
+ For this advanced usage, see the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual, section
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Flex insets and InsetLayout
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+PDF Properties
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:PDF-Properties"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+PDF properties
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+PDF Properties
+\family default
+ dialog allows you to set up special options for the PDF output of your
+ document.
+ All these options are provided by the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+hyperref
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! hyperref
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ which will link all cross-references in the DVI- and PDF-output.
+ This means that the reader of your document will be able to click on a
+ table of contents entry or on a reference to move to the cross-referenced
+ part of the document.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The header information in the dialog tab
+\family sans
+General
+\family default
+ is saved together with the PDF as file properties.
+ Many programs are able to extract this information, for example, automatically
+ to recognize who the author is and what the PDF is about.
+ This is very useful to sort, classify or use PDFs for bibliography issues.
+ When the option
+\family sans
+Automatically
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+fill
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+header
+\family default
+ is set, LyX tries to extract the header information from your document
+ title and author entries.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Load
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+in
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+fullscreen
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+mode
+\family default
+ will open the PDF in fullscreen mode, which is useful for presentations.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can specify in the dialog tab
+\family sans
+Hyperlinks
+\family default
+ how the links will look and if links for bibliographical backreferences
+ are created.
+ The
+\family sans
+Break
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+links
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+over
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+lines
+\family default
+ option allows long links to be split;
+\family sans
+No
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+frames
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+around
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+links
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Color
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+links
+\family default
+ both turn off the default behavior of enclosing all links in frames;
+\family sans
+Color
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+links
+\family default
+ colors the different links.
+ The default colors are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\color magenta
+magenta
+\color inherit
+ for hyperlinks and URLs
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\color red
+red
+\color inherit
+ for links
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Labeling
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\color green
+green
+\color inherit
+ for citations
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+but you can change these in the field
+\family sans
+Additional options
+\family default
+.
+ For example, in this document they were changed with the additional options:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the option
+\family sans
+Backreferences
+\family default
+ is set, the hyperlinks will appear in the bibliography after the different
+ entries, showing, depending on the option selected, the number of the section,
+ slide or page where the entry is referenced.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the dialog tab
+\family sans
+Bookmarks
+\family default
+ you can specify if PDF-bookmarks should be created for every section of
+ your document to make it easier for readers to navigate through the document.
+ You can decide if the bookmarks should be numbered like your document sections
+ or not.
+ With the
+\family sans
+Open bookmarks
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Level
+\family default
+ you can specify what sectioning level should be displayed in the bookmarks
+ when opening the PDF.
+ For example level
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2 will display all sections and subsections, while level
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1 will only display the sections.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+PDF properties are also used in this document.
+ When you look in its document settings, you can see that some additional
+
+\series bold
+hyperref
+\series default
+ options are used.
+ For an explanation of all them we refer you to the hyperref manual
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "hyperref"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+TeX Code and the LaTeX Syntax
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:TeX-Code"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+TeX Code Boxes
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+TeX Code
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:TeX-Code-Boxes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As LyX uses LaTeX in the background, it supports many LaTeX commands and
+ constructs, but not all.
+ LaTeX contains hundreds of packages that provide different commands.
+ All the time packages are being updated and new ones added.
+ This has the advantage that you can typeset nearly everything as there
+ is a LaTeX-package for every problem, though LyX cannot support all packages
+ and their commands.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+But don't worry, you can use any LaTeX-command directly in LyX inside the
+ TeX Code box.
+ A TeX Code box is created by the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Te
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Code
+\family default
+ or by the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "ert-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "ert-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The box can be opened by left-clicking and closed by right-clicking on
+ it and selecting
+\family sans
+Close Inset
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can insert complete or incomplete commands as TeX Code.
+ Incomplete means that the command argument can be Standard LyX text.
+ For example, if you want to draw a frame around a word and are therefore
+ using the LaTeX-command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fbox
+\series default
+, you can write the command part
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fbox{
+\series default
+ in a TeX Code box before the word and the closing brace
+\series bold
+}
+\series default
+ in a second TeX Code box behind the word.
+ The word between the two TeX Code boxes is then the argument as it is in
+ the following example:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/ERT.png
+ scale 89
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+gives
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a line with a
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+fbox{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+framed
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ word.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ At the end of LaTeX-commands without parameters, you have to insert a space
+ to let LaTeX know that the command is finished.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+A Short Introduction to the LaTeX Syntax
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The LaTeX Syntax
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX Syntax
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you write larger documents or books, you will need to know something
+ about the LaTeX-commands that LyX uses in the background.
+ Because LaTeX is based on commands, you can
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+program
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ your text.
+ This has the advantage that the layout of the document can be changed at
+ any time if you know the right commands.
+ For example, imagine you have to write a manual for a product and the deadline
+ is the end of the day.
+ Your boss has just complimented you for your good work but wants to have
+ all caption labels bold.
+ But you have over a hundred figure and table captions with non-bold labels
+ in your manual.
+ Of course it is impossible to change all caption labels manually in one
+ day.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Now LaTeX comes into play.
+ As mentioned above, for every problem there exists a LaTeX-package.
+ First you have to find out which and therefore look in the LaTeX package
+ database,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Catalogue"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As result you find that the package
+\series bold
+caption
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! caption
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is what you need.
+ To use a package, you have to load it in the document preamble (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Preamble
+\family default
+) with the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage[options]{package name}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All LaTeX commands begin with a backslash, the command argument is set within
+ two braces and the options are set within two brackets.
+ Note that not all commands have an argument and options.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In your case the package name is
+\series bold
+caption
+\series default
+.
+ After a look in the documentation of the package, you know that the option
+
+\series bold
+labelfont=bf
+\series default
+ will change the font of all caption labels to bold.
+ So you add the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage[labelfont=bf]{caption}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+to the preamble and the problem is solved.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+For more commands provided by the
+\series bold
+caption
+\series default
+ package, have a look at its documentation,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "caption"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that some document classes have built-in solutions for well-known problems
+ like your case.
+ For example if you use a
+\family sans
+KOMA-Script
+\family default
+ class, you don't need the package
+\series bold
+caption
+\series default
+, you can instead write
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+setkomafont{captionlabel}{
+\backslash
+bfseries}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+in the preamble and the problem is solved.
+ So if you plan to write a large document, you should have a look at the
+ documentation of the document class you want to use.
+ (
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+setkomafont
+\series default
+ is an example of a command with more than one argument.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Commands in the preamble affect the whole document, while commands in the
+ text affect only the text after the command or only the text used as command
+ argument.
+ To insert a LaTeX-command in text, use the TeX Code box as described in
+ the previous section.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you want to learn more about LaTeX and its syntax, have a look at the
+ LaTeX-books
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "latexcompanion,latexguide"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage cleardoublepage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+pagestyle{fancy}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+switches temporarily to a page style with custom header and footer line
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Left Header
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+rightmark
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+defines the header line as described below
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Center Header
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Right Header
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+leftmark
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Left Footer
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+thepage
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Center Footer
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+\color red
+LyX's user guide
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Magic code:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\Upsilon=\frac{\sqrt[3]{\aleph}}{\spadesuit}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Right Footer
+\begin_inset Argument 1
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+Roman{page}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Customized Page Headers and Footers
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Customized-Page-Headers"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Header/Footer line
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Header/Footer line
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To define a custom page header and footer line for your document, you need
+ to set the
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+style
+\family default
+ to
+\family sans
+Fancy
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog under
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+.
+ As a second step add in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Modules
+\family default
+ the module
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Custom Header/Footerlines
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ This module offers the following 6
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+styles:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Left
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Header,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Center
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Header,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Header
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Left
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Center
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+for the different positions in the header/footer.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Normally, headers and footers are set up at the beginning of the document.
+ But you can change them anywhere you want to.
+ Figure
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "fig:Page-layout"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ shows the page layout and where the header/footer styles will appear.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float figure
+placement h
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="3">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="30line%">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="30line%">
+<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="30line%">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Left Header
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Center Header
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Right Header
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none" width="90line%">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The normal text on the page goes here.
+ The running header is above the text, and the footer is below (including
+ footnotes).
+ Headers/footers typically contain things like the page number, title of
+ the chapter, company logo but your can use almost anything, except of floats.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Left Footer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Center Footer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Right Footer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "fig:Page-layout"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Page layout with custom header and footer line.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note
+\series default
+: some document classes implement their own customized page headers and
+ footers if
+\family sans
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+style
+\family default
+ is set to “Default”.
+ Check what these are before you specify your own customized page headers
+ and footers.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Definition
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To define your header line, add all three header styles.
+ The things you add to the styles appear on odd numbered pages, the things
+ in the optional arguments on even numbered pages.
+ For single-sided documents, the optional arguments will not be used and
+ can be omitted.
+ If you leave a style or its argument empty, nothing appears in the output.
+ Defining the footer line works similarly.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For the definition, you will need some LaTeX-commands that are inserted
+ as TeX code (menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Te
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Code
+\family default
+):
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+thepage prints the current page number
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+Roman{page} prints the current page number with capital roman numerals
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+roman{page} prints the current page number with small roman numerals
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+leftmark prints the current section number and title.
+ If the document has chapters, it prints the current chapter number and
+ title instead.
+ It is called
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+leftmark
+\begin_inset Quotes prd
+\end_inset
+
+ because it usually goes in a left header.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+rightmark prints the current subsection number and title.
+ If the document has chapters, it prints the current section number and
+ title instead.
+ It is normally used in the right header.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Default header/footer
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The custom header/footer is not empty by default.
+ The default header contains the chapter and section title and the center
+ footer has the page number.
+ In order to remove unwanted entries from the header/footer, include the
+ relevant header/footer style in your document, but leave it blank.
+ So, if you do not want a page number in the footer, include a blank
+\family sans
+Center
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer
+\family default
+ style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Appearance
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The header and footer will appear on normal pages.
+ Some pages are different.
+ The title page has a style of its own, and so does any page that starts
+ a new part or chapter in your book.
+ Such pages will not have the custom headers/footers, but that is normal.
+ There is for example no need to print a header with the chapter name on
+ the chapter page where the chapter heading is in big bold letters anyway.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Header and footer decoration line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+By default, you get a 0.4
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt thick line below the header and no footer line.
+ This can be changed in the document preamble with the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+headrulewidth
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+footrulewidth
+\series default
+ in the following way:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+headrulewidth}{thickness}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+where thickness is a size in standard units like
+\family sans
+pt
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+mm
+\family default
+.
+ If you don't want a line, set the thickness to 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The lines can also be colored, but this requires more knowledge of LaTeX.
+ If you really need this, have a look at the Internet or in sec.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+4.4 of the book
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Mittelbach"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Several header/footer lines
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In case you need more than one text line as a header/footer, you can do
+ this by adding a normal line break in the style definition.
+ However, the default height of the header/footer is only the one of one
+ text line.
+ To expand the height, redefine the LaTeX length
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+headheight
+\series default
+ or
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+footheight
+\series default
+ in this entry in
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Lat
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Preamble
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+headheight}{height}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+where height is a size in standard units.
+ If you don't know which amount of space is needed for the height, define
+ your header/footer and preview your document as a PDF.
+ Then open the LaTeX logfile with the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+La
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+TeX Log
+\family default
+ and use the button
+\family sans
+Next
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Warning
+\family default
+ to see if you can find a warning about the package
+\series bold
+fancyhdr
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! fancyhdr
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If there is such a warning, it contains the space that you need at least
+ for your header/footer.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+This example
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This example demonstrates what can be done with custom header/footers.
+ Don't use it for your document as it is just an example.
+ This example consists of the following definition:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Left
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Header
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rightmark
+\series default
+, empty optional argument
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Center
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Header empty, empty optional argument
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Header empty,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+leftmark
+\series default
+ in the optional argument
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Left
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer empty,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+thepage
+\series default
+ in the optional argument
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Center
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer
+\family sans
+\series bold
+\color red
+LyX's user guide
+\family default
+\series default
+\color inherit
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Magic code:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\Upsilon=\frac{\sqrt[3]{\aleph}}{\spadesuit}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in the optional argument
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Footer
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Roman{page}
+\series default
+, empty optional argument
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\backslash
+headrulewidth set to 2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In principle you can use almost everything in headers/footers, except floats.
+ For more specialized features, for example, thumb-indexes, see the manual
+ of the
+\series bold
+fancyhdr
+\series default
+ package,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "fancyhdr"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage clearpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+pagestyle{headings}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+switches back to page style with the default headings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Previewing Snippets of your Document
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Instant preview
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Preview
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX allows you to generate previews of sections of your document on the
+ fly so you can see how they will look in the final document without having
+ to break your train of thought with viewing the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Prerequisites
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To get previews working, you need the LaTeX package
+\series bold
+preview-latex
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! preview-latex
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (on some systems named simply
+\series bold
+preview
+\series default
+) installed.
+ If it is not already installed, you will find it in the TeX-catalogue,
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "TeXCatalogue"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or in the package manager of your LaTeX-system.
+ You obtain prettier results if you install the program
+\family typewriter
+pnmcrop
+\family default
+ from the
+\family typewriter
+netpbm
+\family default
+ package; for LyX on Windows this program and also the LaTeX-package are
+ automatically installed together with LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Enabling previews
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you would for example like to see in LyX your math formulas typeset by
+ LaTeX, activate the option
+\family sans
+Display
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Graphics
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences
+\family default
+dialog under
+\family sans
+Look
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+feel\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Display
+\family default
+.
+ Then set
+\family sans
+Instant
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Preview
+\family default
+ to
+\family sans
+On
+\family default
+.
+ The
+\family sans
+Preview
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Size
+\family default
+ is the multiplication factor for the size.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you would like to see everything but your math formulas typeset by LaTeX,
+ set
+\family sans
+Instant
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Preview
+\family default
+ to
+\family sans
+No
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+math
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Previews are generated when you load a document into LyX and when you finish
+ editing an inset.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Previews of an already loaded document are not in every case immediately
+ generated by activating the option
+\family sans
+Display
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Graphics
+\family default
+.
+ Reopening the document will fix such problems.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Selected document parts
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides math there are other cases where you might like to see a preview,
+ for example things that LyX cannot render like rotated parts or things
+ that are not yet supported by LyX.
+ To do this, insert a preview inset via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preview
+\family default
+.
+ Insert or paste the stuff that you want to preview into this inset.
+ The preview will be generated when the cursor is outside the preview inset.
+ If you click on the preview, you can edit the previewed stuff.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An example: To create rotated boxes, you use the LaTeX command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rotatebox
+\series default
+ which is not yet supported by LyX.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rotatebox
+\series default
+ is explained in section
+\emph on
+Rotated and Scaled Boxes
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Instead of the TeX Code boxes you want to see in LyX the final rotated
+ boxes, for example to adjust the rotation angle to fit with the surrounding
+ text.
+ Therefore you create a preview inset and copy the text with the rotated
+ boxes into it.
+ Here is the result:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Preview
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a line
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+rotatebox[origin=r]{-60}{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Box Doublebox
+position "c"
+hor_pos "c"
+has_inner_box 0
+inner_pos "c"
+use_parbox 0
+use_makebox 0
+width "1in"
+special "width"
+height "1in"
+height_special "totalheight"
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+with rotated
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ framed text
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+rotatebox[origin=lb]{60}{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=B$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and a formula.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Previewing works also for colors.
+ In this example a special framed, colored box was created using the LaTeX
+ command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fcolorbox
+\series default
+:
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fcolorbox
+\series default
+ is explained in section
+\emph on
+Colored Boxes
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Preview
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+fboxrule 1mm
+\backslash
+fboxsep 1mm
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+This is text within a colored, framed box.
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If LyX does not show a preview, make sure that you enabled previews as described
+ above and also make sure that TeX Code in the preview inset is valid and
+ that you loaded the LaTeX packages in your document preamble that are required
+ by the TeX Code.
+ If LyX cannot create a preview, you will in most cases also not be able
+ to view your document due to LaTeX errors.
+ So if you have to use some TeX Code and don't know if it is correct, the
+ preview inset is a nice method to check it without the need to view the
+ whole document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+LaTeX source code
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can preview the LaTeX source of the whole document or parts of it.
+ Use the menu
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Source
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Pane
+\family default
+ and a window will be shown where you can see the LaTeX-source code.
+ The window shows the source of the whole paragraph in which the cursor
+ currently sits.
+ You can also select document parts in LyX's main window, then only this
+ selection (when it is more than one paragraph) is shown as source code.
+ To view the whole document as source, enable the corresponding option in
+ the source view window.
+ If you check
+\family sans
+Automatic update
+\family default
+, you can see the changes as you make them in LyX; but note that if you
+ have several documents open, this will slow things down as LyX updates
+ them all, not just the one which is open at the time.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Advanced Find and Replace
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Advanced-Find-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Replace
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Find
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Introduction
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The advanced find and replace feature of LyX allows for searching of complex,
+ format-sensitive text segments and mathematics contents within LyX documents.
+ It is an enhancement of the standard (quick) find and replace feature.
+ The key-features are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Both searching of text and of mathematical formulas is allowed, where the
+ latter is done by entering mathematics in the usual way; not only entire
+ mathematical formulas are found, but also parts occurring within more complex
+ formulas
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Search may be format-insensitive, so that the searched text is found in
+ any context/style (standard text, section headings, notes, and even mathematics
+), or it may be format-sensitive, so that, for example, a word entered with
+ a section heading will only be found within section headings
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Search may be restricted to mathematics environments only; this is useful
+ for remangling math notation where one does not want to match any text
+ outside of mathematics environments
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Search may be widened to a specific
+\emph on
+scope
+\emph default
+, i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+a set of files which may be all the children of the document being edited,
+ all the open files, or all the manuals available from the
+\family sans
+Help
+\family default
+ menu
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Replace may optionally preserve capitalization, so that the replaced text
+ capitalization is adapted to the matching text (i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+all lowercase, all uppercase, first letter uppercase followed by lowercase)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Basic usage
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The advanced find and replace feature is activated through the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Find & Replace
+\noun on
+ (
+\noun default
+Advanced
+\noun on
+)
+\family default
+\noun default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "dialog-show findreplaceadv"
+\end_inset
+
+) or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-toggle findreplaceadv"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ This opens the
+\family sans
+Advanced Find and Replace
+\family default
+ dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Searching for text
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Enter into the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ LyX mini-editor a simple word, and search for occurrences of it by clicking
+ on the
+\family sans
+Find
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Next
+\family default
+ button at the bottom of the dialog (or just press the
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break"
+\end_inset
+
+ key).
+ The entered word is found both in text mode and in math mode, and in emphasized
+, bold or normal face, and in both in section titles and in standard text.
+ Pressing
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break"
+\end_inset
+
+ repeatedly keeps searching forward while pressing
+\family sans
+Shift+Return
+\family default
+ searches backwards.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Case
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+sensitive
+\family default
+ option allows matches to occur only with the same case as entered in the
+
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor.
+ The
+\family sans
+Whole
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+words
+\family default
+ option allows matches to occur only at word boundaries.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Searching for mathematics
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Mathematical formulas, such as
+\begin_inset Formula $x^{2}$
+\end_inset
+
+ or something more complex like
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{x^{2}}{1+x^{2}}$
+\end_inset
+
+, may be searched for by typing them in the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor.
+ When searching for a formula, it is found both when it is alone and when
+ it occurs in sub-formulas and nested parts of sub-formulas.
+ For example the mentioned segments would be found in something like
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{x^{2}}{\sqrt{\frac{x^{2}}{1+x^{2}}}}.$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Style-aware search
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is also possible to search for text with specific styles.
+ This is done by switching to the
+\family sans
+Settings
+\family default
+ tab of the dialog and unchecking the
+\family sans
+Ignore format
+\family default
+ option.
+ This way, entering in the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+a normal word and searching for it would not find instances of the word
+ occurring in emphasized or boldface.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+an emphasized or boldface word and searching for it would find the respective
+ instances with the same face only, and within the same text style only.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+a normal word in a section heading, and searching for it, would find occurrences
+ of it only within section headings.
+ Also, if the text to search is given an emphasized or bold face, in addition
+ to a section style, then it is found only when occurring with the same
+ style.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+a displayed formula will only find instances of this formula that are also
+ displayed formulas (and not inline formulas).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Replace
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The entries made in the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor can be replaced with entries made in the
+\family sans
+Replace
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+with
+\family default
+ editor.
+ In order to find the next occurrence and replace it, click on the
+\family sans
+Replace
+\family default
+ button or alternatively press
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paragraph-break"
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\family sans
+Shift+Return
+\family default
+ while the cursor is in the
+\family sans
+Replace
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+with
+\family default
+ editor.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can replace with fully-featured formatted LyX entries.
+ Typical scenarios in which to use this capability might be (just to mention
+ two):
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+replacing occurrences of a word with a customized formatted version of the
+ same word, for example replacing occurrences of a name like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+func()
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ with its typewriter version
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family typewriter
+func()
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+performing a notation rework of mathematical symbols, for example replacing
+ occurrences of
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $R$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ with
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathbb{R}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (you may want to enable the
+\family sans
+Whole
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+words
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Case
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+sensitive
+\family default
+ options and disable the
+\family sans
+Ignore format
+\family default
+ option in the
+\family sans
+Settings
+\family default
+ tab, in order to avoid replacing all
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+R
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ letters occurring in normal text), or occurrences of
+\begin_inset Formula $x_{j}^{i}$
+\end_inset
+
+ with
+\begin_inset Formula $x_{i,\, j}$
+\end_inset
+
+, or occurrences of
+\begin_inset Formula $x[k]$
+\end_inset
+
+ with
+\begin_inset Formula $x_{k}$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Advanced usage
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is a regular expression (regexp) based searching facility.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+A good explanation of regular expressions is given in this Wikipedia entry:
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ You can search for a regular expression by inserting a regexp inset into
+ the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor.
+ This is done with the context menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Insert Regular Expression
+\family default
+ while the cursor is in the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor.
+ Characters entered within regexp insets are matched according to the regular
+ expression matching rules
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Under the constraint that any (sub)expression must match a well-formed LyX
+ segment, i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+when matching LaTeX code, no segments with unbalanced {} braces are allowed
+ to match expressions.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, while text entered outside regexp insets is matched exactly against the
+ same text in the document.
+ You can cut and paste regexp-mode insets.
+ Examples of using such a feature may be:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Searching for all fractions with a given denominator: for example, entering
+ in the
+\family sans
+Find
+\family default
+ editor the fraction
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{.*}{1+x^{2}}$
+\end_inset
+
+ (where the
+\begin_inset Formula $.*$
+\end_inset
+
+ on the numerator is the match-everything regular expression) finds all
+ fractions with the given denominator.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Searching for all text with a given style: for example, after unchecking
+ the
+\family sans
+Ignore format
+\family default
+ option from the
+\family sans
+Settings
+\family default
+ tab, entering a
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset Formula $.*$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ regular expression and giving it an emphasized or bold face, finds all
+ emphasized or bold face text respectively.
+ Also, by inserting a
+\begin_inset Formula $.*$
+\end_inset
+
+ regular expression in a bullet or enumerated list or a section heading,
+ you can find all bullet or enumerated lists or section headings.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Finally, references to (sub)expressions in regexp may be used as usual:
+ Enclosing parts of the expression within round braces
+\begin_inset Formula $()$
+\end_inset
+
+, and referring back to them through
+\begin_inset Formula $\backslash1$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\backslash2$
+\end_inset
+
+, etc..
+ For example, try searching with the regexp
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+[[:space:]]([[:alpha:]]+)[[:space:]]
+\backslash
+1[[:space:]]
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+in order to find word repetitions, if there are any.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The usage of back references in the replaced text is not (yet) implemented.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Back references work both when occurring within the same regexp, and when
+ occurring in multiple different regexps, where the numbering of back-referenced
+ sub-expressions is absolute.
+ That is,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\backslash1$
+\end_inset
+
+ always refers to the first occurrence of
+\begin_inset Formula $()$
+\end_inset
+
+ in all entered regexps.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Spell Checking
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Spellchecking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Spell checking
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX has a built-in spell checker.
+ The menu
+\family sans
+ Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Spellchecker
+\family default
+, the
+\family sans
+F7
+\family default
+ key or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show spellchecker"
+\end_inset
+
+ start the spell checking from either the current cursor position or the
+ beginning of the currently selected text.
+ A sidebar will appear showing any incorrect (or unknown) word found, allowing
+ you to edit and replace it in a second line.
+ Whenever an unknown word is found, the word is highlighted and the text
+ scrolled so that it is visible.
+ In the spellchecker sidebar, there is a box showing suggestions for a correctio
+n, if any could be found.
+ Clicking on one of the corrections will copy it to the
+\family sans
+Replacement
+\family default
+ field, double-clicking directly invokes the replacement.
+ Unknown but correctly typed words can be added to the personal dictionary.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+By default, the dictionary file used is determined by the document language
+ that is set in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ You can specify the language of a word in the spellchecker dialog by choosing
+ a different one at the top of the dialog.
+ LyX can correctly spell check documents containing multiple languages.
+ This works if you have set the language of the text parts using the
+\family sans
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style
+\family default
+ dialog (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show character"
+\end_inset
+
+) and have the spell checker dictionaries installed.
+ LyX automatically switches to the appropriate dictionary file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All spell-checker dictionaries supported by LyX can be downloaded from here:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://sourceforge.net/projects/lyxwininstaller/files/hunspell/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+There are 2
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+files for each language.
+ To install a dictionary on Windows, copy the 2
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+files into LyX's installation subfolder
+\family sans
+~
+\backslash
+Resources
+\backslash
+dicts
+\family default
+ and restart LyX.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+With Linux one needs to install the packages for the desired language.
+ The number of these packages vary depending on the Linux distribution,
+ but in most cases these are
+\family typewriter
+aspell-xx
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+hunspell-xx
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+ myspell-xx
+\family default
+, etc., where
+\family sans
+xx
+\family default
+ is the language code.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Further Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Language
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Spellchecker
+\family default
+ you can set the following things:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Spellchecker
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+engine Select the library LyX should use for spell checking.
+ Depending on your platform,
+\family typewriter
+aspell
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+hunspell
+\family default
+ or
+\family typewriter
+enchant
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Enchant itself is a wrapper library having different configurable back-ends.
+ Please consult the documentation or man-page of it to learn more.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+ are available.
+ On Windows only
+\family typewriter
+hunspell
+\family default
+ is available.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Alternative
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+language If this field is not empty, LyX will always use the given language
+ for the spell checking, no matter what the document language is.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Escape
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+characters Allows you to add non-standard characters that the spell checker
+ should escape, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+German umlauts.
+ This should normally not be needed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Accept
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+compound
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+words Prevents the spell checker from complaining about compounded words
+ like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+passthrough
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Spellcheck
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+continuously Checks the spelling of your document as you type it.
+ Misspelled words get underlined with a dotted red line.
+ By right-clicking on an underlined word, suggestions from the spellchecker
+ appear in a context menu.
+ Choosing one of them will replace the misspelled word with the suggested
+ word.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Spellcheck
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+notes
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+comments If enabled, the spelling of non-printed document content is checked
+ as well.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Thesaurus
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Thesaurus
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Thesaurus"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX provides a multilingual thesaurus.
+ It uses the same thesaurus framework as LibreOffice, OpenOffice and Firefox
+ (namely the
+\family sans
+MyThes
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://lingucomponent.openoffice.org/thesaurus.html"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ thesaurus library, which is included in LyX).
+ Therefore, LyX is able to directly access OpenOffice thesaurus dictionaries,
+ which are available for many languages.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This section describes how new dictionaries are installed and set up for
+ the use with LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Setting up the thesaurus
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+MyThes
+\emph on
+/
+\emph default
+OpenOffice
+\family default
+ thesauri consist of two files per language: A file with the suffix
+\emph on
+*.dat
+\emph default
+ containing the data and an index file with the suffix
+\emph on
+*.idx
+\emph default
+.
+ The standardized file names include the language code for the given language
+ (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+en_US
+\family default
+ for US English).
+ For instance, the US English files are named:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+th_en_EN_v2.idx
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+th_en_EN_v2.dat
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you have
+\family sans
+LibreOffice
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+OpenOffice
+\family default
+ and its thesaurus installed, these files should be already on your system
+ and you just need to point LyX (in
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paths\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thesaurus
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+dictionaries
+\family default
+) to the path where they are installed.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+On Linux, depending on your distribution and the way you installed the dictionar
+ies, typical locations are
+\family typewriter
+/usr/share/mythes/
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+/usr/share/myspell/dicts/
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+/usr/share/ooo/thesaurus/
+\family default
+,
+\family typewriter
+ ~/.config/libreoffice/<version>/user/
+\family default
+ or alike.
+ On Windows, dictionaries are to be found at
+\family typewriter
+~
+\backslash
+Program Files
+\backslash
+LibreOffice-<Version>
+\backslash
+share
+\backslash
+extensions
+\family default
+or similar.
+ On the Mac, the default location is
+\family typewriter
+/Users\SpecialChar \slash{}
+<user name>\SpecialChar \slash{}
+Library\SpecialChar \slash{}
+Application Support\SpecialChar \slash{}
+libreoffice\SpecialChar \slash{}
+<version>\SpecialChar \slash{}
+user
+\family default
+/.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ On Windows, you can alternatively also select dictionaries for installation
+ during the LyX installation process, which will then be installed in the
+ correct place right away.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you want to install new\SpecialChar \slash{}
+further thesaurus dictionaries, you can downloaded
+ them from here:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.lyx.org/trac/browser/lyxsvn/dictionaries/trunk/thes/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To install a new dictionary, download the two files for this dictionary
+ into the thesaurus path (which is set in
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paths\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thesaurus
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+dictionaries
+\family default
+) and restart LyX.
+ If this path is not defined yet, you can use a dictionary of your choice
+ and point LyX there.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Alternatively, you can also install new dictionaries via
+\family sans
+LibreOffice\SpecialChar \slash{}
+OpenOffice
+\family default
+ or, on Linux, via your package manager (look for
+\emph on
+mythes-*
+\emph default
+ or
+\emph on
+libreoffice-thesaurus-*
+\emph default
+ packages).
+ If you do this, make sure that LyX is able to find the installed dictionaries,
+ i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+ that
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paths\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thesaurus
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+dictionaries
+\family default
+ points to the path where you installed these dictionaries.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Using the thesaurus
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To start the thesaurus, use the menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thesaurus
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "thesaurus-entry"
+\end_inset
+
+ while the cursor is at the word you want to look up or while a word is
+ selected.
+ A dialog pops up showing you probably related words that you can use as
+ a replacement.
+ The suggestions are grouped into categories.
+ Note that, for some languages (such as English), the thesaurus does not
+ only show equivalent words (synonyms), but also generic terms (such as
+
+\emph on
+organism
+\emph default
+ for
+\emph on
+plant
+\emph default
+), related terms (such as
+\emph on
+political
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+theory
+\emph default
+ for
+\emph on
+anarchistic
+\emph default
+), compounds (such as
+\emph on
+tree
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+diagram
+\emph default
+, if you look for
+\emph on
+tree
+\emph default
+) and opposites (antonyms) (such as
+\emph on
+girl
+\emph default
+ for
+\emph on
+boy
+\emph default
+).
+ Generic terms, related terms and antonyms are marked as such.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The language is automatically chosen from the language at the cursor, but
+ you can also switch it in the dialog, as you can enter new words to look
+ up directly there.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that the thesaurus cannot handle phrases (only compounds that are in
+ the dictionary, such as the above
+\emph on
+tree diagram
+\emph default
+), and you have to use the so called lemma form, i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+the form that is used in the dictionaries (for many languages: first person
+ singular indicative active for nouns, infinitive for verbs).
+ For example, looking up the word form
+\emph on
+reporting
+\emph default
+ yields no results, while results are shown for the word form
+\emph on
+report
+\emph default
+.
+ Your best bet is to highlight only the relevant part of such a word (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\emph on
+report
+\emph default
+ in
+\emph on
+report
+\emph default
+s); then you will get suggestions without needing to adjust the query in
+ the dialog, and also the replacement will probably be correct (as only
+ the highlighted part will be replaced; thus the ending remains).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Change Tracking
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Change Tracking
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Change Tracking
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Change-Tracking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When you work on a document collaboratively it is extremely useful to be
+ able to see changes that others have made highlighted in the document.
+ You can then decide if you want to accept a change or not.
+ This can be achieved by turning on change tracking in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Track
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Changes made in the document will then be highlighted by strokes and colors:
+
+\bar under
+\color blue
+underlined text
+\bar default
+\color inherit
+ is an addition,
+\strikeout on
+\color blue
+canceled text
+\strikeout default
+\color inherit
+ is a deletion.
+ The color depends on the author that made the change.
+ You can change the color in
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Look
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+feel
+\family default
+\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
+\family sans
+Colors
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! Change tracking
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ The author and the date of the change are shown in LyX's status bar when
+ the cursor is in changed text.
+ The same information is shown when you use the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "changes-merge"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When change tracking is activated, you will see the review toolbar in LyX:
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar ! Review
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/ChangesToolbar.png
+ scale 90
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The review toolbar as shown above contains the following buttons:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "changes-track"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Track
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "changes-output"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Show
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+in
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "change-next"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Jumps to the next change
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "change-accept"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Accept
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Change
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "change-reject"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Reject
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Change
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "changes-merge"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Merge
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "all-changes-accept"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Accept
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+All
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "all-changes-reject"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Tracking\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Reject
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+All
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "note-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Note\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Note
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "note-next"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Next
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Note
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Not all changes are (yet) visualized, especially no format changes like
+ from
+\emph on
+normal
+\emph default
+ to
+\emph on
+bold
+\emph default
+ font or
+\emph on
+Standard
+\emph default
+ to
+\emph on
+Description
+\emph default
+ paragraph.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The review toolbar helps you to accept, reject, or merge changes – highlight
+ the change and press one of the desired toolbar buttons.
+ When you merge changes, a window pops up showing you information about
+ the next change after the current cursor position.
+ So you don't need to highlight a certain change.
+ Within the merge window you can decide to accept or reject changes and
+ step to the next change.
+ This way you can jump through all the changes in the document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The toolbar has two buttons to handle notes because notes are often important
+ to describe a change.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To show the changes made in the output you need the LaTeX package
+\series bold
+dvipost
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! dvipost
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ installed.
+ You will find it in the TeX Catalogue,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "TeXCatalogue"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or in the package manager of your LaTeX-system.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Comparison of Documents
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Comparison-of-Documents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Comparison of documents
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can compare two different LyX files via the menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Compare
+\family default
+.
+ The comparison result is a LyX file with change tracking enabled showing
+ the differences.
+ In the comparison dialog you can select from which document LyX should
+ take the document settings for the resulting difference file with the option
+
+\family sans
+Copy
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Document
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+from
+\family default
+.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Enable
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+change
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+tracking
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+features
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+in
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+the
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+output
+\family default
+ enables the change tracking option
+\family sans
+Show
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Changes
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+in
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\family default
+ to visualize the differences also in the PDF output of the difference file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+International Support
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+International support
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This section describes how to use LyX with any language you want.
+ For some languages there are special Wiki-pages that explain how to set
+ up LyX to use them:
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Arabic,Armenian,Farsi,Hebrew,Latvian,Lithuanian,Mongolian,Vietnamese"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides languages, LyX also supports phonetic symbols, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Special-Character"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Language Options
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Language ! Options
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Language
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Language
+\family default
+ dialog lets you set
+\family roman
+the language, the quote style and character encoding
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Under
+\family sans
+Encoding
+\family default
+ you can choose the character encoding map you want to use for LaTeX export.
+ The option
+\family sans
+Language
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Default
+\family default
+ is the preferred choice and works well in most cases.
+ For details about the different encoding options see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Language-encodings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Keyboard mapping configuration
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Keyboard-mapping"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you have for example a U.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+S.-style keyboard and want to write in a language other than English, you
+ can use an alternate keymap.
+ For example, if you want to write in Italian, you can configure LyX to
+ use an Italian keymap.
+ The
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Keyboard/Mouse
+\family default
+ dialog allows you to choose up to two keyboard mappings, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Keyboard-Map"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ You can choose primary and secondary keyboard languages and then select
+ which one you want to use.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Finally, you may just want to change a few key mappings or create an entirely
+ different keymap (for Vulcan, for instance).
+ You may, for example, normally write in Italian on a U.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+S.-style keyboard but want to include an occasional quotation in German.
+ In such a case, you can write your own keyboard mapping or modify an existing
+ one to support the characters you want.
+ This and many other customizations are explained in the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+\start_of_appendix
+The User Interface
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "chap:The-User-Interface"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This appendix lists all the available menus and describes their functionality.
+ It is designed as a quick reference if you are searching for a special
+ topic inside the user's guide.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The File Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! File
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Under the
+\family sans
+File
+\family default
+ menu are the basic operations in addition to some more advanced operations.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+New
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Creates a new document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+New from Template
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu entry prompts you for a template to use.
+ Selecting a template will automatically set certain layout features for
+ the document, features you would otherwise need to change manually.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Open
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens a document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Open Recent
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The submenu shows a list of the recently opened files.
+ Click there on a file to open it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Close
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Closes the current document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Close All
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Closes all opened documents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Save
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Saves the actual document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Save As
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Saves the actual document under a new name to create a copy.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Save All
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Saves all opened documents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Revert to saved
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Reloads the actual document from disk.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Version Control
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is used when multiple people are working on the same document or when
+ one person wants to keep a careful archive of changes.
+ It is described in the section
+\emph on
+Version Control in LyX
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Import
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can import files from older LyX-versions, HTML-files, LaTeX-files,
+ NoWeb-files, plain text files and comma separated, table-like text files
+ (CSV).
+ The files will be imported as a new LyX-document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When using the menu entry
+\family sans
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+, line breaks in the text will start a new paragraph; when using the menu
+ entry
+\family sans
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Text,
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Join
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Lines
+\family default
+, consecutive lines of text will be imported to one big paragraph.
+ A new paragraph will begin when there is a blank line in the file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Export
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Export"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can export your document to various file formats.
+ The resulting files are placed in the directory of your LyX-file.
+ The menu entries are not the same on all installations.
+ They depend on the programs found by LyX during its configuration.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is a list of all available entries; some of them are explained in detail
+ in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Output-file-formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+CJK
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+L
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+yX format of the special LyX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1.4.x versions for Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK)
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+ Since LyX 1.5.0 CJK support has been fully integrated into LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+DocBook text file with code in the language SGML that is used for the markup
+ language
+\family typewriter
+DocBook
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+DocBook
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(XML) text file with code in the language XML that is used for the markup
+ language
+\family typewriter
+DocBook
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+DraftDVI LaTeX's native DVI-format.
+ This format is not suitable if you have special characters or spaces in
+ files paths or file names in your document.
+ LyX use this format internally as a pre-stage to export to
+\family sans
+DVI
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+DVI DVI-format that also allows the useage of special characters or spaces
+ in files paths or file names
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+DVI
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX) DVI-format using the program
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+; supports Unicode and the usage of non-TeX fonts;
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ not all DVI-viewers are currently able to display this output format properly.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+EPS
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(cropped) the same as
+\family sans
+PostScript
+\family default
+ but with cropped page margins.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Graphviz
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Dot text file with code in the programming language
+\family typewriter
+Dot
+\family default
+ which is used to draw visualizations of graphs via the program
+\family typewriter
+Graphviz
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+HTML HTML-format (the HTML-converter is a third-party product and may not
+ work in all cases)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+HTML
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(MS
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Word) HTML-format specialized so that the result can be imported to
+\family sans
+MS Word
+\family default
+; as a consequence of this formulas will be embedded as bitmap fonts and
+ not in the format
+\family sans
+MathML
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\family default
+LuaT
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+eX
+\family sans
+)
+\family default
+text file with the LaTeX source that is compilable with the program
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+ text file with the LaTeX source, additionally all images used in the document
+ will be converted to a format that is readable by the
+\family typewriter
+pdflatex
+\family default
+ program (GIF, JPG, PDF, PNG)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(plain)
+\family default
+ text file with the LaTeX source code, additionally all images used in the
+ document will be converted to the EPS-format, only this format is readable
+ by the
+\family typewriter
+latex
+\family default
+ program
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(
+\family default
+XeT
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+eX
+\family sans
+)
+\family default
+text file with the LaTeX source that is compilable with the program
+\family typewriter
+XeTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+LilyPond
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+book
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(La
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+TeX) text file with the LaTeX source and also code in the syntax of the
+ music notation software
+\family typewriter
+LilyPond
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+L
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+yX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+z.y.x LyX-Document in a format readable by the LyX versions z.y.x (e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+"LyX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.1.x";
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+z
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+y
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ represent the version number)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+L
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+yX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Archive
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(zip|tar.gz) creates a zip-archive or a tar.gz-archive file (depending upon
+ your system) that contains your document and all files that are necessary
+ to compile it (images, child documents, BibTeX files, etc.)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+L
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+yXHTML HTML-format using LyX's internal XHTML engine
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+NoWeb text file with code in the format of the literate programming language
+\family typewriter
+ NoWeb
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+OpenDocument OpenDocument-formatted file, to be opened with
+\family sans
+LibreOffice, OpenOffice, KOffice, Abiword
+\family default
+, etc.
+ (The OpenDocument-converter is a third-party product and may not work in
+ all cases)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(cropped) the same as
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+ but with cropped page margins.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(dvipdfm)
+\family default
+ PDF-format using the program
+\family typewriter
+dvipdfm
+\family default
+, produces internally a DVI-file which is then converted to a PDF-file
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX)
+\family default
+ PDF-format using the program
+\family typewriter
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+, produces PDF-files directly
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+ PDF-format using the program
+\family typewriter
+pdflatex
+\family default
+, produces PDF-files directly
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ps2pdf)
+\family default
+ PDF-format using the program
+\family typewriter
+ps2pdf
+\family default
+, produces internally a PostScript-file which is then converted to a PDF-file
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(XeT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX)
+\family default
+ PDF-format using the program
+\family typewriter
+XeTeX
+\family default
+, produces PDF-files directly
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+ text format
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ps2ascii)
+\family default
+ text format, the document will first be converted to Postscript format
+ and then exported as text using the program
+\family sans
+ps2ascii
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+
+\family sans
+Postscript
+\family default
+ PostScript format using the program
+\family typewriter
+dvips
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Sweave text file with the LaTeX source and also code in the statistical
+ programming language
+\family typewriter
+R
+\family default
+.
+ Using the
+\family typewriter
+R
+\family default
+-function
+\family typewriter
+Sweave
+\family default
+ it is possible to use
+\family typewriter
+R
+\family default
+-commands in LaTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If one of the menu entries
+\family sans
+DVI
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Postscript
+\family default
+ is missing, you need to update your LaTeX installation.
+ After updating you have to reconfigure LyX, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Print
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With this menu entry you can print your document to a file in PostScript
+ format or send it to a printer.
+ The printer will also use the document in PostScript format.
+ The conversion to PostScript is done in the background by LyX using the
+ program
+\family typewriter
+dvips
+\family default
+.
+ For more information have a look at section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Printing-the-File"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Fax
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu entry will only appear if you have a fax program installed (on
+ Windows you additionally need to register its program path to LyX's PATH
+ prefix, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Paths"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ With this menu entry you can send your document to a fax program like
+\family typewriter
+hylapex
+\family default
+ or
+\family typewriter
+kdeprintfax
+\family default
+.
+ The default format of the sent file is PostScript.
+ The format can be changed in LyX's preferences as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Converters"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+New and Close Window
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens or closes a new instance of LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Exit
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Prompts you to save all unsaved documents and then exits.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The Edit Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! Edit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Undo and Redo
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Undo-and-Redo"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Cut, Copy, Paste, Paste Recent, Paste Special
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Basic-Editing-Features"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Select Whole Inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Selects the content of the inset in which the cursor currently is.
+ If the cursor is outside an inset, the whole document will be selected.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Select All
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Selects the whole document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Find & Replace (Quick)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Basic-Editing-Features"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Find & Replace (Advanced)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Advanced-Find-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Move Paragraph Up/Down
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This shifts the paragraph in which the cursor currently is one paragraph
+ up or down.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Text Style
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Fine-Tuning-with-the"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Paragraph Settings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paragraph ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Enables you to set the paragraph alignment, line spacing and label width.
+ These settings only affect the paragraph in which the cursor is currently
+ in.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also prevent the first line of the paragraph being indented if you
+ have chosen to separate paragraphs with
+\family sans
+Indentation
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+ dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Table
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu only appears if the cursor is inside a table.
+ It allows you to create multicolumn and multirow cells, add or remove borders
+ of a cell and to set the vertical alignment of the cell.Table Settings and
+ Math
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These two menus are only fully active if the cursor is inside a table or
+ a formula.
+ Here you can change the properties of tables and formulas.
+ The properties of tables are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Tables"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, the properties of formulas in chapter
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Mathematical-Formulas"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Increase/Decrease List Depth
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These menus are only active if the cursor is in an environment that can
+ be nested.
+ They increase/decrease the environment nesting level as explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nesting"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Numbering-depth"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+
+\family sans
+Start New Environment/Start New Parent Environment
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These menus are only visible if it is possible to have two consecutive environme
+nts of the same type.
+ See section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Separate-Nestings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for an explanation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The View Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! View
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+At the bottom of the
+\family sans
+View
+\family default
+ menu the opened documents are listed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Open/Close all Insets
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens/closes all insets in your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Unfold/Fold Math Macros
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Unfolds/folds the current math macro.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Math macros are described in the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Outline Pane
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Shows the outline window as described in sections
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Navigating"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Table-of-Contents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Source Pane
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens a window showing the source code of the actual document, as described
+ in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Messages Pane
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens a window showing console messages.
+ This is useful for debugging LyX (i.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+e., hunt for errors in the program) or to see what is going on in the background
+ while LaTeX is processing the document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Toolbars
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Toolbars"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In this menu entry you can set the appearance of the different toolbars.
+ All toolbars and the
+\family sans
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Buffer
+\family default
+ can be turned on and off.
+ The
+\emph on
+on
+\emph default
+ state is denoted in the menu with a checkmark.
+ The
+\family sans
+Table
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Math,
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Macros,
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Review
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Panels
+\family default
+ toolbars can additionally be set to the state
+\emph on
+automatic
+\emph default
+, denoted in the menu with the suffix
+\family sans
+(auto)
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the
+\emph on
+on
+\emph default
+ state the toolbar is permanently shown; in the
+\emph on
+automatic
+\emph default
+ state the toolbar is only shown when the cursor is in a certain environment
+ or when a certain feature is enabled.
+ That means that the review toolbar will only be shown if change tracking
+ is activated, the math and table toolbars are only shown if the cursor
+ is inside a formula or table respectively.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX's toolbars and their buttons are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Toolbars"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Split View
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Split
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+View
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+into
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Left
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Right
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Half
+\family default
+ will split LyX's main window vertically while
+\family sans
+Split
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+View
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+into
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Upper
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+and
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Lower
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Half
+\family default
+ will split it horizontally.
+ This allows you to view documents at the same time to compare them, or
+ to view the same document, but at different positions.
+ You can even split the main window several times to view, for example,
+ three or more documents at the same time.
+ To close a split view, use the menu
+\family sans
+Close
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Current
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+View
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Close Current View
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Closes a split view.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Fullscreen
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Using this menu entry or pressing F11 removes the menu bar and all toolbars
+ so that you will see nothing but your text.
+ It furthermore displays LyX's main window fullscreen.
+ To return from fullscreen to the normal view, press F11, or right-click
+ and turn off the fullscreen mode in the context menu.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The Insert Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! Insert
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Math
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts math constructs that are explained in chapter
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Mathematical-Formulas"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Special Character
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Special-Character"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can insert the following characters:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Symbols Opens the
+\family sans
+Symbols
+\family default
+ dialog which allows you to insert any character that can be output by your
+ LaTeX system.
+ By default groups of characters are displayed in character categories;
+ the available characters depend on the LaTeX-packages you have installed.
+ You can get a complete display by checking
+\family sans
+Display
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+all
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Not all characters will be visible in the
+\family sans
+Symbols
+\family default
+ dialog because none of the screen fonts that you can set in the preferences
+ dialog (see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Screen-Fonts"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) can display every character.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Ellipsis Inserts an ellipsis: \SpecialChar \ldots{}
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+End
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Sentence Inserts an end of sentence period as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Abbreviations"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Ordinary
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Quote Inserts this quote: ", no matter what quote style you selected in
+ the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Language
+\family default
+ dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Single
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Quote Inserts a single quote in the quotation marks style selected in the
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Language
+\family default
+ dialog.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Protected
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Hyphen Inserts a hyphen that is protected from line breaks: \SpecialChar \nobreakdash-
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Breakable
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Slash Inserts a slash where a line break can also occur: \SpecialChar \slash{}
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Visible
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts a character representing a single space (the one you get when
+ pressing the
+\family sans
+Space
+\family default
+ key):
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Menu
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Separator Inserts the menu separator sign: \SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Phonetic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Symbols
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Phonetic symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Language ! Phonetic symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Inserts a box where you can insert symbols from the International Phonetic
+ Alphabet (IPA) and opens a toolbar which provides a large set of these
+ symbols.
+ To use this feature you must have the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+tipa
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! tipa
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ installed.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+More information about this feature can be found in the
+\emph on
+Linguistics
+\emph default
+ manual (
+\family sans
+Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Specific Manuals
+\family default
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Formatting
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens a submenu with the following options:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Superscript Inserts a superscript: test
+\begin_inset script superscript
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+a, b
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Subscript Inserts a subscript: test
+\begin_inset script subscript
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+3x
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Protected
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts a protected space as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Protected-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Inter-word
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts an inter-word space as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Inter-word-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Thin
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts a thin space as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Thin-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Visible
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts a character to visualize that there is or should be a space.
+ This is e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+useful if you need to indicate a space in a command sequence.
+ An example from the LyX
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual:
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+To insert a fraction use the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+frac
+\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+B.
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ The visible space is hereby the character before the
+\series bold
+A
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Horizontal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts horizontal space as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Horizontal-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Horizontal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line Inserts a horizontal line as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Horizontal-Lines"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Vertical
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Space Inserts vertical space as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Vertical-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Phantom Inserts a Phantom space as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Phantom-Space"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Hyphenation
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Point Inserts a hyphenation point as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Hyphenation"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Ligature
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break Inserts a ligature break as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Ligatures"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Ragged
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break Inserts a forced line break as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Forced-Line-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Justified
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break Inserts a forced line break that right justifies the remaining text
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Forced-Line-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+New
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Page Inserts a forced page break as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Forced-Page-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Page
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Break Inserts a forced page break that shares the extra space among paragraph
+ breaks instead of leaving it at the bottom of the page, as described in
+ section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Forced-Page-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Clear
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Page Inserts a clear page break as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Clear-Page-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Clear
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Double
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Page Inserts a clear doublepage break as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Clear-Page-Breaks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+List/TOC
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Various lists can be inserted with this menu entry.
+ The
+\family sans
+Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of Contents
+\family default
+, the
+\family sans
+List of Algorithms
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+List of Figures,
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+List of Tables
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+List of Listings
+\family default
+ are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:toc"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The
+\family sans
+Index List
+\family default
+ is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Index"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, the
+\family sans
+Nomenclature
+\family default
+ is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nomenclature"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and the
+\family sans
+BibTeX Bibliography
+\family default
+ is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Bibliography-databases"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Float
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To insert floats, as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Floats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and in detail the chapter
+\emph on
+Floats
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Note
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To insert notes, described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Notes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Branch
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a branch inset, if any, and allowing you to create and insert a
+ new branch.
+ Branches are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Branches"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Custom Insets
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts document class-specific insets.
+ Such insets only exist if they are defined in the layout file for a certain
+ document class.
+ An example is the document class
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+article (Elsevier)
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ with three custom insets.
+ The section
+\emph on
+Flex insets and InsetLayout
+\emph default
+ in
+\emph on
+Installing New Document Classes, The Layout file format
+\emph default
+of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual explains how custom insets are defined.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+File
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+External Material
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu entry allows you to insert or include the contents of other files
+ in your document.
+ For more information see chapter
+\emph on
+External Document Parts
+\emph default
+ of the Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Box
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Boxes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a box in a certain style.
+ Boxes are described in detail in the chapter
+\emph on
+Boxes
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Citation
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens the
+\family sans
+Citation
+\family default
+ dialog as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Cross-Reference
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a
+\family sans
+cross-reference
+\family default
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Label
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a
+\family sans
+label
+\family default
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Caption
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Captions
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Longtables ! Caption
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a caption in a float or longtable.
+ Floats are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Floats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+; captions in longtables are described in the section
+\emph on
+Longtable Captions
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Index Entry
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts an index entry as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Index"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Nomenclature Entry
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a nomenclature entry as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Nomenclature"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Table
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens a dialog allowing you to specify the rows and columns of the table.
+ Tables are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Tables"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and in detail in the chapter
+\emph on
+Tables
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Graphics
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens the
+\family sans
+Graphics
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ Graphics are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Graphics"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+URL
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a URL as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:URLs"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Hyperlinks
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a hyperlink as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Hyperlinks"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Footnote
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a footnote as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Footnotes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Marginal Note
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a marginal note as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Marginal-Notes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Short Title
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Is only visible if the cursor is in front, in or behind a section heading,
+ title or caption of a float.
+ Inserts a short title as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Short-Titles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+TeX Code
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a TeX Code box as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:TeX-Code-Boxes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Program Listing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Program listings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a program listings box.
+ Program listings are explained in the chapter
+\emph on
+Program Code Listings
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Date
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts the actual date.
+ The format depends on the date format of the language that is used for
+ LyX's menus.
+ LyX offers various ways to insert a date which are explained and also compared
+ in the section
+\emph on
+External Material
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Preview
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Inserts a preview inset as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The Navigate Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! Navigate
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu lists the existing chapters, sections, figures, tables, etc.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of the current document.
+ This allows you to navigate easily through your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Bookmarks
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With this menu entry you are able to define your own bookmarks.
+ This is useful when you are working on a large document and often have
+ to jump, for example, between section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.5 and 6.3.
+ To create bookmarks for this example, go to section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.5 and use the submenu
+\family sans
+Save
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Bookmark
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1
+\family default
+.
+ Then go to section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+6.3 and use
+\family sans
+Save
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Bookmark
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+2.
+ Now you can jump easily between these sections by using the menu or by
+ the key bindings
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "bookmark-goto 1"
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "bookmark-goto 2"
+\end_inset
+
+.You can also use bookmarks to jump between several opened documents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The saved bookmarks are valid till the document is closed.
+ The submenu
+\family sans
+Clear
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Bookmarks
+\family default
+ allows you to clear bookmarks while the submenu
+\family sans
+Navigate
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Back
+\family default
+ jumps to the position in the document where you recently changed something.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Next Note, Change, Cross-reference
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Jump to the next note, change, or cross-reference after the current cursor
+ position.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Go to Label
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Only active if the cursor is in front of a cross-reference.
+ Sets the cursor before the referenced label.
+ (It is the same as if you right-click on a cross-reference box and use
+
+\family sans
+Go
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Label)
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Forward Search
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Allows you to jump directly to the corresponding text part in the output,
+ see section
+\emph on
+The LyX Server\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Forward
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+search
+\emph default
+ in the
+\emph on
+Additional
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Features
+\emph default
+ manual for a detailed description.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The Document Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! Document
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Change Tracking
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Change Tracking is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Change-Tracking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX Log
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+After running LaTeX by viewing or exporting a document, this menu will be
+ enabled.
+ It shows the logfile of the LaTeX-program used.
+ You can go to the next error or the next warning, search, copy something
+ to the clipboard or update the view.
+ With the help of the logfile experts can find in it reasons for LaTeX-errors.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Start Appendix Here
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Sets the start of the appendices of the document at the current cursor position
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Appendices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+View
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+[<output format>]
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu entry generates the output in the format you have specified as
+ default output format for the document (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Doc-Output"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) or in the LyX preferences (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) and opens it in an appropriate viewer.
+ The viewer can be set or changed in the preferences (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Viewer
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The default viewers are set by LyX when it is first configured.
+ The default output format is
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pdflatex)
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+View (Other Formats)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With this menu you can view your document in alternative output formats.
+ The menu contains a list of available formats in which you can view the
+ actual document with an external program.
+ The menu entries are not the same on all installations — it depends on
+ the LaTeX programs that are found when LyX was configured.
+ All possible formats are listed in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Export"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ You should at least see the menu entry
+\family sans
+DVI
+\family default
+.
+ If it is missing, you need to update or repair your LaTeX installation.
+ After updating you have to reconfigure LyX (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Invoking a view menu will start a viewer program.
+ The viewer can be set or changed in the preferences (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Viewer
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The default viewers are set by LyX when it is first configured.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Update
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+[<output format>]
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu entry allows you to update the view with your latest changes (in
+ the default output format) without opening a new viewer window.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Update (Other Formats)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With this menu you can update the view of alternative output formats of
+ your document without opening a new viewer window.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+View Master Document
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu item is only visible if your document is included to another document,
+ which is then its
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+master
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (see section
+\emph on
+Child Documents
+\emph default
+ in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual for more information on this topic).
+ This item allows you to view the master document from within its child.
+ That is, if you are working on a child document which is a chapter of a
+ book,
+\family sans
+View
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Master
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Document
+\family default
+ generates the output of the whole book, while
+\family sans
+View
+\family default
+ will just output the chapter alone.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The format used by this function is the default output format as specified
+ in the document settings (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Doc-Output"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) or in the preferences (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Update Master Document
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu item is only visible if your document is included to another document,
+ which is then its
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+master
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ (see section
+\emph on
+Child Documents
+\emph default
+ in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual for more information on this topic).
+ This item allows you to update the view of a master document from within
+ its child without the need to switch to the master document itself.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The format used by this function is the default output format as specified
+ in the document settings (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Doc-Output"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) or in the preferences (menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formats\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\family default
+; see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Compressed
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Un/compresses the current document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The document settings are described in appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:The-Document-Settings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The Tools Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! Tools
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Spellchecker
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Spell checking is explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Spellchecking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Thesaurus
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The thesaurus is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Thesaurus"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Statistics
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Word count
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Character count
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Returns the number of the words and characters in the actual document or
+ the highlighted document part.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Check T
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+ChkTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Generates with the help of the program
+\family typewriter
+ChkTeX
+\family default
+ a log of possible LaTeX-errors and displays it in a dialog.
+ This feature is not available on Windows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+T
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX Information
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+TeX Information
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Shows you a list of the document classes and styles installed in your LaTeX-syst
+em.
+ Use the option
+\family sans
+Show
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+path
+\family default
+ to see the full filename paths.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Compare
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Compare
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens a dialog to compare LyX files as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Comparison-of-Documents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Reconfigure
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LyX ! Reconfigure|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Reconfiguration of LyX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Reconfigures LyX; that is, LyX looks for LaTeX-packages and programs it
+ needs; see also section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Basic-LyX-Setup"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Preferences
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Opens the
+\family sans
+Preferences
+\family default
+ dialog as described in detail in appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:The-Preferences-dialog"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+The Help Menu
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Menu ! Help
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This menu lists the documentation files of LyX in the language of LyX's
+ menus.
+ If a file is not available in this language, the English version will be
+ listed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The menu
+\family sans
+LaTeX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Configuration
+\family default
+ shows a LyX-document with information about the LaTeX-packages and classes
+ found by LyX (see also section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:LaTeX-Setup"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The menu
+\family sans
+About
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\family default
+ gives information about the copyright, the credits and the LyX version
+ you are using.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Toolbars
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Toolbars"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+How to show or hide toolbars is explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Toolbars"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is also possible to define custom toolbars.
+ This is described in the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Standard Toolbar
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar ! Standard
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/StandardToolbar.png
+ width 100col%
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The standard toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following
+ buttons:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+LTleft}{0pt}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This is necessary to left align the following longtables.
+ See the
+\emph on
+Embedded Objects
+\emph default
+ manual for more information.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="1" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/ToolbarEnvBox.png
+ clip
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+pull-down box for the environments
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace -10mm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align left
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="22" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-new"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+New
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "file-open"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Open
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-write"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Save
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show print"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Print
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show spellchecker"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Spellchecker
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "undo"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Undo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "redo"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Redo
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "cut"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cut
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "copy"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Copy
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "paste"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paste
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show findreplace"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Find
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+Replace
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+(Quick)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-toggle findreplaceadv"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Find
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+&
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+Replace
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+(Advanced)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "bookmark-goto 0"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Bookmarks\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Navigate Back
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "font-emph"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Emphasize text, function of the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\family default
+ dialog
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "font-noun"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Set text to noun style, function of the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\family default
+ dialog
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "textstyle-apply"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Format text using the current settings in the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\family default
+ dialog
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-mode"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Inline
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formula
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Graphics
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "tabular-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Table
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-toggle toc"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toggle outline window on/off,
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Outline
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "toolbar-toggle math"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toggle math toolbar on/off
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "toolbar-toggle table"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toggle table toolbar on/off
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Extra Toolbar
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar ! Extra
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/ExtraToolbar.png
+ width 100col%
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The extra toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following
+ buttons:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="25" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Default
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout Enumerate"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Numbered list
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout Itemize"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Itemized list
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout List"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+List
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout Description"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Description list
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "depth-increment"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Increase
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+List
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Depth
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "depth-decrement"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Decrease
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+List
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Depth
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "float-insert figure"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Figure
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "float-insert table"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Table
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "label-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Label
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cross-Reference
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset citation"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Citation
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "index-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Index
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Entry
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "nomencl-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Nomenclature
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Entry
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "footnote-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Footnote
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "marginalnote-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Marginal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Note
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "note-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Note\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+L
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+yX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Note
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "box-insert Frameless"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Box
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "href-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Hyperlink
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "ert-insert"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+T
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+eX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Code
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-macro newmacroname newcommand"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset include"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Child
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Document
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show character"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Text
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout-paragraph"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Paragraph
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "thesaurus-entry"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Thesaurus
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+View/Update Toolbar
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar ! View / Update
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/ViewToolbar.png
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The view/update toolbar as shown above contains from left to right the following
+ buttons:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-view"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+View
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-update"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Update
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "master-buffer-view"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Master
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Document
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "master-buffer-update"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Update
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Master
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Document
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-toggle-output-sync"
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Synchronize with Output
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/view-others.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+*
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+View (Other Formats)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/update-others.png
+ scale 85
+ groupId toolbarbuttons
+
+\end_inset
+
+*
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Update (Other Formats)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+* These icons might look different for you if you do not use the default
+ icon set.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Other Toolbars
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The change tracking toolbar is explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Change-Tracking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, the table toolbar
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar ! Table
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual and the math macro toolbar
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Toolbar ! Macro
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+The Document Settings
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "chap:The-Document-Settings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Document
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Setting
+\family default
+s dialog contains submenus to set properties for the whole document and
+ is called with the menu
+\family sans
+ Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings
+\family default
+.
+ You can save your document settings as default with the
+\family sans
+ Save as Document Defaults
+\family default
+ button in any dialog.
+ This will create a template named
+\family typewriter
+defaults.lyx
+\family default
+ which is automatically loaded by LyX when you create a new document without
+ using a template.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The button
+\family sans
+Use Class Defaults
+\family default
+ resets the document settings to the default of the document class.
+ This affects mostly class options, the page layout and Numbering & TOC.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The different submenus of the dialog are explained in the following sections.
+ There are so many document settings available that it might take a while
+ to find the one you are looking for.
+ To find a setting quicker, you can use the search field which is above
+ the submenus of the dialog.
+ If you search e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+for
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+page
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+, you will see that some submenus will be grayed-out and disabled.
+ Only the submenus with page settings stay enabled.
+ The found page settings are labeled red in these submenus.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Document Class
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you set the document class, class options, a graphics driver, and a
+ master document.
+ Document classes are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Document-Classes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the button
+\family sans
+Local
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Layout
+\family default
+ you can load you own layout-file, that is not in LyX's
+\emph on
+layouts
+\emph default
+ folder and thus not recognized by LyX as a layout for a document class.
+ For more about layout-files, see the chapter
+\emph on
+Installing New Document Classes, Types of Layout Files
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ Handbook.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some classes use special class options by default.
+ If this is the case, they are listed in the field
+\family sans
+Predefined
+\family default
+ and you can decide to use them or not.
+ If you do not know exactly what the default class options are for, it is
+ recommended you leave them untouched.
+ The
+\family sans
+Graphics driver
+\family default
+ is used for LaTeX's graphics, color and page layout packages.
+ If using
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+, the default driver for the LaTeX-packages is used.
+ It is recommended that you use the default unless you know what you are
+ doing.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+When you want to use one of the following drivers
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+dvi2ps, dvialw, dvilaser, dvitops, psprint, pubps, ln
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+you first have to activate them in your LaTeX distribution, see section
+
+\emph on
+Driver support
+\emph default
+ in
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/graphics/grfguide.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Specifying a
+\family sans
+Master
+\family default
+ document is necessary if the current document is a child or subdocument.
+ The master document will be used by LyX in the background if the child
+ document is opened without its master.
+ This way child documents are always compilable.
+ More about master and child documents is explained in the section
+\emph on
+Child Documents
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is also an option to suppress the date and one to use the LaTeX-package
+
+\series bold
+refstyle
+\series default
+ instead of
+\series bold
+prettyref
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! prettyref
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! refstyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for cross-references, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Cross-References"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Child Documents
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This submenu is only visible when your document includes child documents.
+ Please refer to the section
+\emph on
+Child
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Documents
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual for details.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Modules
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Modules are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Modules"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Local Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+See section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Local-Layout"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for a description.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Fonts
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The document font settings are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Fonts-and-Text"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Text Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can specify if paragraphs should be separated by
+\family sans
+Indentation
+\family default
+ or by
+\family sans
+Vertical space
+\family default
+.
+ The
+\family sans
+Line
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+spacing
+\family default
+ and whether it should be a
+\family sans
+Two-column
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+document
+\family default
+ can also be specified here.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note that LyX will not show two columns or the specified line spacing on
+ screen.
+ That would be impractical, often unreadable, and is not part of the WYSIWYM
+ concept.
+ However, it will be as you specified in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the option
+\family sans
+Use justification in LyX work area
+\family default
+ you can decide if LyX justifies the text on screen.
+ This only affects the text inside LyX not in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Page Layout
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This dialog is described in sections
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Paper-Size,-Orientation"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Document-Layout"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Page Margins
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can adjust the page margins as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Margins"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Language
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Language-encodings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Language ! Encoding
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The document language and quote styles are set here.
+ The encoding specifies how the document content is exported to LaTeX (the
+ LyX file is always encoded in utf8).
+ All characters that cannot be encoded using the specified encoding will
+ be exported as LaTeX-commands (this can fail if a LaTeX-command is not
+ known for a particular character).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you use the option
+\family sans
+Language Default
+\family default
+, LyX determines the encoding of a text part from the language of this text.
+ If the document contains text in more than one language you may get more
+ than one encoding in the LaTeX file.
+ If you do not use this option then the complete document will always use
+ exactly one encoding.
+ Checking this option is the preferred setting.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX also supports Unicode output, which is particularly useful if you need
+ lots of special symbols or non-alphabetic scripts, respectively.
+ If you want to use this (and your LaTeX installation supports Unicode),
+ choose one of the four utf8 variants from the list below.
+ Unfortunately the Unicode support of standard LaTeX is quite incomplete,
+ so it is not uncommon that a file with lots of Unicode symbols works fine
+ with
+\family sans
+Language Default
+\family default
+ (when LyX uses its list of known LaTeX-commands), but does not work with
+ a fixed utf8 encoding (when the list of known LaTeX-commands is not used,
+ because all Unicode symbols can be encoded in utf8).
+ The situation is much better with XeTeX and LuaTeX, two new alternative
+ engines to standard LaTeX.
+ Both engines support Unicode natively.
+ LyX now also supports these two engines (via the output formats
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(XeTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X)
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X)
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+DVI
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(LuaTeX)
+\family default
+, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Output-file-formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ So if you are using many special or accented characters and
+\family sans
+Language Default
+\family default
+ fails, you might try out one of these new engines.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Language
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+package
+\family default
+ determines the LaTeX-package that is used for hyphenation and the translation
+ of strings like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Part
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The possible settings are:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default uses the language package that is selected in
+\family sans
+ Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Language Settings
+\family default
+ (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Prefs-Language"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Automatic selects the most suitable language package for the view/export
+ format you will use.
+ In many cases this will be
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! babel
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ If the newer package
+\series bold
+polyglossia
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! polyglossia
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is more appropriate (is the case when using XeTeX and/or non-TeX fonts),
+ this package will be used instead of
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Always
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Babel uses
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+ even if
+\series bold
+polyglossia
+\series default
+ would be more appropriate.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Custom allows you to specify a language package command of your choice.
+ For example if you want to use a language-specific package like
+\series bold
+ngerman
+\series default
+ (for German texts), type in
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{ngerman}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+None will not use a language package.
+ This is necessary for some document classes for scientific articles.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is a list with the important encodings:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Language
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(no
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+inputenc) Same as
+\family sans
+Language Default
+\family default
+, but the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+inputenc
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! inputenc
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is not used.
+ When using this, you probably need to load some additional packages manually
+ in the preamble and specify the used encoding for text parts in foreign
+ languages in TeX code.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+ASCII the ASCII encoding, covers only plain English (7-bit ASCII).
+ LyX converts all other characters into LaTeX commands, which may result
+ in a big file when lots of LaTeX-commands are needed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Arabic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CP
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1256) MS Windows code page for Arabic and Farsi
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Arabic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-6) for Arabic and Farsi
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Armenian
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ArmSCII8) for Armenian
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Baltic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CP
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1257) MS Windows code page for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian, the same
+ as the ISO-8859-13 encoding
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Baltic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-13) for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian, a superset of the ISO-8859-4
+ encoding
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Baltic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-4) (latin 4) for Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian, a subset of the
+ ISO-8859-13 encoding
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Central
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CP
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1250) MS Windows code page for ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-2 (latin2)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Central
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-2) (latin 2) covers Albanian, Croatian, Czech, German, Hungarian, Polish,
+ Romanian, Slovak and Slovenian
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Chinese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(simplified)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(EUC-CN) for simplified Chinese, used especially on UNIX OSes, since 2001
+ this encoding is officially replaced by the encoding GB18030, as GB18030
+ is not available for LaTeX you should try to use the encoding Unicode
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(utf8)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Chinese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(simplified)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(GBK) for simplified Chinese, is the same as the Windows code page CP 936
+ except for the Euro currency sign, since 2001 this encoding is officially
+ replaced by the encoding GB18030, as GB18030 is not available for LaTeX
+ you should try to use the encoding Unicode
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(utf8)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Chinese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(traditional)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(EUC-TW) for traditional Chinese
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Cyrillic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CP
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1251) MS Windows code page for Cyrillic
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Cyrillic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-5) covers Belorussian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian and Ukrainian
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Cyrillic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(KOI8-R) standard Cyrillic especially for Russian
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Cyrillic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(KOI8-U) Cyrillic for Ukrainian
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Cyrillic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(pt
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+154) Cyrillic for Kazakh
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Greek
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-7) for Greek
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Hebrew
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CP
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1255) MS Windows code page for Hebrew, a superset of the ISO-8859-8 encoding
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Hebrew
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-8) for Hebrew
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Japanese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(EUC-JP) EUC-JP encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+CJK
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! CJK
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, when using this, set the document language to
+\family sans
+Japanese (CJK)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Japanese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(JIS) JIS encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+CJK
+\series default
+, when using this, set the document language to
+\family sans
+Japanese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CJK)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Japanese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(non-CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(EUC-JP) EUC-JP encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+japanese
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! japanese
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, when using this, set the document language to
+\family sans
+Japanese
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Japanese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(non-CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(JIS) JIS encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+japanese
+\series default
+, when using this, set the document language to
+\family sans
+Japanese
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Japanese
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(non-CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(SJIS) SJIS encoding for Japanese, uses the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+japanese
+\series default
+, when using this, set the document language to
+\family sans
+Japanese
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Korean
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(EUC-KR) for Korean
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Southern
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-3) (latin 3) covers Esperanto, Galician, Maltese and Turkish
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+South-Eastern
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-16) (latin 10) covers Albanian, Croatian, Finnish, French, German,
+ Hungarian, Irish Gaelic, Italian, Polish, Romanian and Slovenian, is designed
+ to cover many languages and characters with diacritics
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Thai
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(TIS
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+620-0) for Thai
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Turkish
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-9) (latin 5) for Turkish, is like the ISO-8859-1 encoding where the
+ Icelandic letters are replaced by Turkish ones
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Unicode
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CJK)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(utf8) Unicode utf8 with the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+CJK
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! CJK
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (for the languages Chinese, Japanese and Korean)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Unicode
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(XeTeX)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(utf8) Unicode utf8 to be used with
+\family sans
+XeTeX
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+LuaTeX
+\family default
+, which use Unicode directly, without the help of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+inputenc
+\series default
+.
+ LyX automatically selects this encoding if you export or preview XeTeX
+ or LuaTeX.
+ Normally you do not need to set this encoding manually.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Unicode
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ucs-extended)
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(utf8x) Unicode utf8 based on the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+ucs
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! ucs
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (comprehensive, including Latin, Greek, Cyrillic and CJK scripts).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Unicode
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(utf8) Unicode utf8 based on the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+inputenc
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! inputenc
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Currently only a limited range of characters (mainly for Latin scripts)
+ is supported.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Western
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(CP
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1252) MS Windows code page for ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-1 (latin1)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Western
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-1) (latin 1) covers the languages Albanian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch,
+ English, Faroese, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Icelandic, Irish,
+ Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish; better use the ISO-8859-15
+ encoding instead
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Western
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+European
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+(ISO
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+8859-15) (latin 9) like the ISO-8859-1 encoding, but with the Euro currency
+ sign, the œ-ligature and some characters used for French and Finnish
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Colors
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! main text
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! background
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! Shaded boxes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! Greyed-out notes
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can alter the font color for the
+\family sans
+Main text
+\family default
+ (default: black), for
+\family sans
+Greyed
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+out notes
+\family default
+ (default: light grey)for the background color for the
+\family sans
+Page
+\family default
+ (default: white) and for
+\family sans
+Shaded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+boxes
+\family default
+ (default: red).
+ The button
+\family sans
+Reset
+\family default
+ sets the color back to the default.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Clicking any button showing
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Change
+\family default
+ opens a dialog enabling you to choose from a selection of colors or from
+ a color-picker or to specify a color using HSL or RGB values.
+ In the dialog you can add any color to the custom colors to select them
+ later more quickly.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Note, if you change the
+\family sans
+Main
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+ font color and use the option
+\family sans
+Color
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+links
+\family default
+ in the document settings under
+\family sans
+PDF
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+properties
+\family default
+, you probably also need to change the link font color as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:PDF-Properties"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can adapt the
+\family sans
+Main
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+ font color and the
+\family sans
+Page
+\family default
+ background for every page in your document if you use these commands as
+ TeX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Code after a forced page break:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For the page color:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+pagecolor{color name}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For the text color:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+color{color name}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You are restricted to one of
+\series bold
+black
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+blue
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+cyan
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+green
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+magenta
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+red
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+white
+\series default
+ or
+\series bold
+yellow
+\series default
+ for the
+\series bold
+color name
+\series default
+ unless you have defined your own color (see the section
+\emph on
+Colored Tables
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ Manual).
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+If you have changed a text or background color, you can use the following
+ names to refer to them:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For the
+\family sans
+Page
+\family default
+ background color:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+page_backgroundcolor
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For the
+\family sans
+Main
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+ color:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+document_fontcolor
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For the
+\family sans
+Shaded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+boxes
+\family default
+ background color:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+shadecolor
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For the
+\family sans
+Greyed
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+out notes
+\family default
+ text color:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+note_fontcolor
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To see how to define and use custom colors, see section
+\emph on
+Colored
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Cells
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Numbering & TOC
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can adjust the
+\family sans
+Numbering
+\family default
+ depth of section headings and the section depth in the
+\family sans
+Table of Contents
+\family default
+ as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Numbering-depth"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Bibliography
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can specify if a citation style using the LaTeX packages
+\series bold
+natbib
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! natbib
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\series bold
+jurabib
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! jurabib
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ should be used.
+ You can enable a
+\family sans
+Sectioned bibliography
+\family default
+ using the LaTeX package
+\series bold
+bibtopic
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! bibtopic
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and you can select a
+\family sans
+Processor
+\family default
+ for the generation of the bibliography.
+ For a further description see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Bibliography"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Indexes
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can define the
+\family sans
+Processor
+\family default
+ that will generate your index and you can define additional indexes (see
+ section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Index"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for details).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+PDF Properties
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The PDF properties are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:PDF-Properties"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Math Options
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These options will force LyX to use the LaTeX-packages
+\series bold
+amsmath
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! amsmath
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+amssymb
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! amssymb
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+ cancel
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! cancel
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+ esint
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! esint
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+mathdots
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! mathdots
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+mathtools
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! mathtools
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! mhchem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+stackrel
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! stackrel
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\series bold
+stmaryrd
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! stmaryrd
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\series bold
+undertilde
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! undertilde
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, or to use them automatically when they are needed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+amsmath is needed for many constructs, so when you get LaTeX-errors in formulas,
+ ensure that you have this enabled.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+amssymb is needed for some special math symbols like bold or upright Greek
+ letters, so when you get LaTeX-errors in formulas, ensure that you have
+ this enabled.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+cancel is used for canceled formulas, see section
+\emph on
+Canceled
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formulas
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+esint is used for special integral characters, see section
+\emph on
+Big
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Operators
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+mathdots is used for special ellipses, see section
+\emph on
+Ellipses
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+mathtools is used for the math commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+overbracket
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+underbracket
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+smashoperator
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+adjustlimits
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+splitfrac
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+shortintertext
+\series default
+ and labeled arrows, see the corresponding sections in the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+mhchem is used for chemical equations, see section
+\emph on
+Chemical Symbols and Equations
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+stackrel is used for the math command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+stackrel
+\series default
+, see section
+\emph on
+Relations
+\emph default
+of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+stmaryrd is used for a few special math symbols.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+undertilde is used for the math command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+utilde
+\series default
+, see section
+\emph on
+Accents for one Character
+\emph default
+of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Float Placement
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The float placement options are described in the section
+\emph on
+Float
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Placement
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Listings
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The listings settings are explained in the chapter
+\emph on
+Program Code Listings
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Bullets
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can adjust the characters used for the itemize
+\family sans
+Level
+\family default
+s, specify the
+\family sans
+Font
+\family default
+ set to be used and set the
+\family sans
+Size
+\family default
+ of the bullets.
+ The itemize environment is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Itemize"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can furthermore specify a
+\family sans
+Custom
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Bullet
+\family default
+ by inserting in this field the LaTeX command of the desired character.
+ For example to use the € sign, you have to insert the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+texteuro
+\series default
+.
+ For math symbols you additionally need to enclose the command with $ signs.
+ To use e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+the symbol
+\begin_inset Formula $\circlearrowright$
+\end_inset
+
+ you need to enter
+\series bold
+$
+\backslash
+circlearrowright$
+\series default
+.
+ To find the command for a math symbol, create a formula and hover the mouse
+ over the desired symbol in the math toolbar.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Some characters require to load special LaTeX-packages in the preamble
+ (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LaTeX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Preamble
+\family default
+).
+ For example for the € sign one needs to add the line
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{textcomp}
+\series default
+ to the preamble.
+ For most math symbols it is sufficient to add the line
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{amssymb}
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Branches
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Branches are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Branches"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Output
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Doc-Output"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can define some output specifics for the current document:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Format: The format that is used when you enter
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+View
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Update
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+View Master Document
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Update Master Document
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document
+\family default
+ menu or the toolbar.
+ The default is set in
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+File Formats
+\family default
+, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Synchronize
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+with
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output settings for the menu
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Forward
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+search
+\family default
+.
+ For a detailed description see section
+\emph on
+Reverse DVI/PDF search
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+XHTML
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Options offers settings for the export format
+\family sans
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+XHTML
+\family default
+.
+
+\family sans
+Strict XHTML
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1.1
+\family default
+ will assure that the output follows exactly version
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+1.1 of the XHTML standard.
+ The different
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+output
+\family default
+ settings are described in detail in section
+\emph on
+Math Output in XHTML
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+image
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+scaling
+\family default
+ is used for the size of equations in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX Preamble
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In this text field you can enter commands to load special LaTeX-packages
+ or to define LaTeX-commands.
+ The preamble is a thing for LaTeX-experts.
+ You should not enter commands here until you know exactly what you are
+ doing.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An introduction to the LaTeX-syntax is given in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:LaTeX-Syntax"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+The
+\family sans
+Preferences
+\family default
+ Dialog
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "chap:The-Preferences-dialog"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Preferences
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The preferences dialog is called with the menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences
+\family default
+.
+ It has the following submenus.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Look and Feel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+User Interface
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+User Interface File
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Customization ! of toolbars
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Customization ! of menus
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The appearance of the menus and toolbars can be changed by choosing a user
+ interface (ui) file.
+ A ui-file is a text file where the toolbars and menus are listed.
+ The file
+\emph on
+default.ui
+\emph default
+ loads three files:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+stdmenus.inc
+\shape italic
+
+\emph on
+specifies the menu entries for the standard menus
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+stdcontext.inc
+\shape italic
+\emph on
+specifies
+\shape default
+\emph default
+ the menu entries in popup context menus
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+stdtoolbars.inc
+\shape italic
+
+\emph on
+specifies the toolbar buttons
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create your own menu and toolbar layout, start with a copy of these files
+ and edit the entries.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The syntax of the .inc-files is straightforward: the
+\family sans
+Menubar
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Menu
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Toolbar
+\family default
+ entries must be finished with an explicit
+\family sans
+End
+\family default
+.
+ They may contain
+\family sans
+Submenu
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Item
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+OptItem
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Separator
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Icon,
+\family default
+ and in the case of the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+file_lastfiles
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ menu a
+\family sans
+Lastfiles
+\family default
+ entry.
+ The syntax for the entries is:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+Item
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+menu
+\series default
+or
+\series bold
+ button name
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+LyX-function
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*
+\end_inset
+
+All the LyX-functions are listed in the menu
+\family sans
+Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Functions
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For example, assuming you use the menu
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Bookmarks
+\family default
+ quite often and therefore want six available bookmarks, you can add the
+ line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+Item
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Save Bookmark 6
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+bookmark-save 6
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\begin_inset VSpace smallskip*
+\end_inset
+
+to the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+navigate_bookmarks
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ menu in
+\emph on
+stdmenus.inc
+\emph default
+ to have the sixth bookmark.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Icon
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Set
+\family default
+ allows you to change the appearance of LyX's toolbar buttons.
+ The currently available icon sets are compared in
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "this image"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/uploads/LyX/NewInLyX20/themes.png"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Context help
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Enable tool tips in main work area
+\family default
+ enables tool tips showing the content of closed insets like index entries
+ or footnotes.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Menus
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Maximum last files
+\family default
+ is the number of last opened files that LyX should display in the menu
+
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Open
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Recent
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Document Handling
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Session handling
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the option
+\family sans
+Restore window layouts and geometries
+\family default
+ LyX's main window will be opened with the size and layout that was used
+ in the last LyX session.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Restore cursor positions
+\family default
+ sets the cursor to the position in the file where it was at the end of
+ the last session.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Load opened files from last session
+\family default
+ opens all files that were opened in the last LyX session.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The button
+\family sans
+Clear all session information
+\family default
+ deletes all information from previous LyX sessions (cursor positions, names
+ of last opened documents, etc.).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Backup & saving
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Backup documents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Backup ! Documents
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Backup original documents when saving
+\family default
+ creates a backup copy of the file in the state when it was opened or when
+ it was saved the last time.
+ It is stored in the
+\family sans
+Backup
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+directory
+\family default
+ (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Paths"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) or in the same folder as your document if no
+\family sans
+Backup
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+directory
+\family default
+ is specified.
+ The backup file has the file extension
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+.lyx~
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the option
+\family sans
+Backup documents, every
+\family default
+, you can specify the time between backup saves.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Save documents compressed by default
+\family default
+ always saves files in a compressed format.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Windows & work area
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the option
+\family sans
+Open documents in tabs
+\family default
+ is not checked, every file will be opened in its own new instance of LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Single instance
+\family default
+ is only active if a LyXServer pipe
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+See sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Paths"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for information about LyXServer pipes.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is specified.
+ If it is checked, LyX documents will be opened in the same running instance
+ of LyX.
+ Otherwise a new LyX instance is created for each file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the option
+\family sans
+Single close-tab button
+\family default
+ is checked, there will only be one close button (
+\family sans
+
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/closetab.png
+ scale 75
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
+) at the right side of the tab bar to close tabs.
+ Otherwise every document tab has its own close button.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ For this option you have to restart LyX before the change takes effect.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the setting
+\family sans
+Closing last view
+\family default
+ you one can decide if a document is closed or hidden when its tab or view
+ is closed.
+ Hidden documents are accessible via the menu
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Hidden
+\family default
+.
+ Not to close documents can be useful if you open files parallel in several
+ instances of LyX and only want to close the view in once instance.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Screen Fonts
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Font ! Screen
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Screen-Fonts"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These fonts are used to display your documents within LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ This section only deals with the fonts
+\emph on
+inside
+\emph default
+ the LyX window.
+ The fonts that appear in the output are independent of these fonts, and
+ set in the menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Fonts
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+By default, LyX uses
+\family typewriter
+Times
+\family default
+ as its
+\family sans
+Roman
+\family default
+ (serif) font,
+\family typewriter
+Arial
+\family default
+ or
+\family typewriter
+Helvetica
+\family default
+ (depends on the system) as its
+\family sans
+Sans
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Serif
+\family default
+ font and
+\family typewriter
+Courier
+\family default
+ as its
+\family typewriter
+Typewriter
+\family default
+ font.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can change the font size with the
+\family sans
+Zoom
+\family default
+ setting.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Font Sizes
+\family default
+ are calculated as letter height in units of points.
+ 72.27
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+points have the size of 1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+inch, see Appendix
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "chap:Units-available-in"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The default font sizes are the same as if a document font size of 10
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt were used.
+ The sizes are explained in detail in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Document-Font"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the option
+\family sans
+Use pixmap cache to speed up font rendering
+\family default
+ enabled, LyX needs to redraw the screen less often.
+ This results in better performance, especially on slow systems.
+ On the other hand, the characters might look more fuzzy on screen.
+ So whether you enable this or not depends on whether you prefer speed over
+ aesthetics.
+ Note that the Pixmap Cache is only available and useful under Mac
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+OS and Windows.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Colors
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Color ! LyX screen
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Color
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can change the screen colors used by LyX by choosing an item in
+ the list and selecting the
+\family sans
+Alter
+\family default
+ button.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+By checking the option
+\family sans
+Use system colors
+\family default
+ the color scheme of your OS or window manager is used.
+ The colors
+\family sans
+cursor, selection, table line, text, URL
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+label and URL
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+ are then not customizable and thus not listed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Display
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Display
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can specify if graphics are displayed inside LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Instant Preview
+\family default
+ enables previewing snippets of your document.
+ This feature is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Previewing-snippets-of"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Checking the option
+\family sans
+Mark
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+end
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+paragraphs
+\family default
+ displays a pilcrow (¶) at the end of every paragraph.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Editing
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Editing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Control
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Editing
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Cursor follows scrollbar
+\family default
+ sets the cursor to the top of the currently displayed document part when
+ scrolling.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can adjust the width of the cursor.
+ If you set the value to zero, the thickness of the cursor scales relative
+ to the zoom value you choose for the screen fonts.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Scroll below end of document
+\family default
+ is self-explanatory.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In LyX one can jump from word to word by pressing
+\family sans
+Ctrl+arrow key
+\family default
+.
+ With the option
+\family sans
+ Use Mac-style for cursor moving between words
+\family default
+ the cursor jumps from the end of a word to the end of the next word.
+ Normally it jumps from the beginning to the beginning.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Sort environments alphabetically
+\family default
+ sorts the entries in the pull-down box for the paragraph environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
+\family sans
+Group environments by their category
+\family default
+ groups the entries in the pull-down box for the paragraph environments.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The
+\family sans
+Edit math macros
+\family default
+ options determine the editing style for math macros, see the section
+\emph on
+Math Macros
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Math
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Fullscreen
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can specify what is hidden in the fullscreen mode.
+ With the option
+\family sans
+Limit text width
+\family default
+ you can specify the width of the text in fullscreen mode.
+ This way you can display the text smaller than the screen; the text then
+ appears centered.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Shortcuts
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Key Bindings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Shortcuts
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+Bind File
+\family default
+ specifies the file to be used to bind a LyX-function to a key.
+ Several binding files are available, among them:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+cua.bind a typical set of PC keyboard shortcuts
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+(x)emacs.bind a set of bindings similar to those used in the editor programs
+
+\family sans
+Emacs
+\family default
+ (
+\family sans
+XEmacs
+\family default
+)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+mac.bind a set of bindings for
+\family sans
+Mac
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+OS
+\family default
+ systems.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are also binding files designed for special document classes, like
+
+\shape italic
+broadway.bind
+\shape default
+, and binding files for special languages.
+ The names of language binding files begin with a language code, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+pt
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ for Portuguese.
+ If you use LyX in a certain language, LyX will try to use the appropriate
+ binding file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Some binding files, like
+\shape italic
+math.bind
+\shape default
+, only have a limited scope.
+ When looking at the end of the file
+\shape italic
+cua.bind
+\shape default
+, you can see that they are included to keep the overview in the bind-file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The field
+\family sans
+Show
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+key-bindings
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+containing
+\family default
+ allows you to search for the shortcut provided for a particular function
+ in the selected key binding file.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Editing Shortcuts
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Editing-Shortcuts"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Key Bindings ! Editing
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To add new or modify existing keybindings to your own taste you can use
+ the table in the dialog that lists all LyX-functions and the bound shortcuts.
+ To find functions easily, they are grouped by categories and the dialog
+ provides the field
+\family sans
+Show key-bindings containing
+\family default
+.
+ In this field you can insert a keyword for a function you want to edit.
+ Insert there for example as keyword
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+paste
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and you get the four different existing shortcuts for the three different
+ functions that contain
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+paste
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in their name.
+ As you can see, one function can have more than one shortcut.
+ All LyX-functions are also listed in the file
+\family sans
+LyX Functions
+\family default
+ that you will find in the
+\family sans
+Help
+\family default
+ menu.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For example, to add the shortcut
+\family sans
+Alt+Q
+\family default
+ for the function
+\family sans
+textstyle-apply
+\family default
+, select the function and press the
+\family sans
+Modify
+\family default
+ button.
+ A dialog pops up where you can add the shortcut by using it.
+ So press Alt+Q to define the shortcut.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Modifying an existing shortcut is done the same way.
+ You can also bind multiple functions to one shortcut by starting the LyX
+ Function definition with “command alternatives” and following it with the
+ different function names as a semicolon separated list.
+ LyX will then use the first function that is enabled in the current document
+ part.
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you don't like a particular shortcut, you can remove it.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Alternatively you can also edit shortcuts by modifying binding files with
+ a text editor.
+ The syntax of the entries is:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+bind
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+key combination
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+LyX-function
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Keyboard/Mouse
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Keyboard-Map"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Keyboard Map
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Keyboard Map
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Normally keyboard settings are made in a menu of your operating system.
+ For the case thatWhere this is not possible, LyX provides keyboard maps.
+ If, for example, you have a Czech keyboard but want to use it as if it
+ is a Romanian one, you can enable
+\family sans
+Use
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+keyboard
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+map
+\family default
+ and select the keyboard map file named
+\shape italic
+romanian.kmap
+\shape default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can specify a
+\family sans
+First
+\family default
+ and a
+\family sans
+Second
+\family default
+ keyboard map and, if you use the
+\emph on
+cua
+\emph default
+ bindings, you can select the first and second with
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "keymap-primary"
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "keymap-secondary"
+\end_inset
+
+ respectively or toggle between them with
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "keymap-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Keyboard maps can only provide a makeshift solution and don't work on all
+ systems.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also specify the mouse
+\family sans
+Wheel scrolling speed
+\family default
+.
+ The standard value is 1.0; higher values speed up the scrolling, lower ones
+ slow it down.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you
+\family sans
+Enable
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Scroll
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+wheel
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+zoom,
+\family default
+ you can select a key for zooming.
+ When this key is pressed and the mouse wheel is rotated, the text is zoomed.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Input Completion
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Input completion is described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Input-Completion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Paths
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:Paths"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paths
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Paths
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The paths to the various resources used by LyX are normally determined during
+ the installation.
+ But there may be reasons why you might want to modify them.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Working
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+directory This is LyX's working directory.
+ It is the default when you
+\family sans
+Open
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Save
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Save
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+As
+\family default
+ files.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Document
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+templates This directory will be opened when you use the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+New
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+from
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Template
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Example
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+files This directory will be opened when you use the button
+\family sans
+Examples
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Open
+\family default
+ dialog.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ The
+\family sans
+Examples
+\family default
+ button does not exist when using LyX on Mac OS and Windows systems.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Backup
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+directory
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Backup ! Directory
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Backup copies will be saved to this directory.
+ If no directory is given but backups are enabled as described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Backup documents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, the
+\family sans
+Working directory
+\family default
+ will be used to save the backups.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Backup files have the ending
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+.lyx~
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Ly
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+XServer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+pipe Here you can enter the name of a so-called UNIX-pipe.
+ This pipe is used to send data from external programs to LyX.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+Example:
+\series default
+ You add a BibTeX-database
+\emph on
+test.bib
+\emph default
+ to your document.
+ You can edit this file with the program
+\family typewriter
+JabRef
+\family default
+.
+ In
+\family typewriter
+JabRef
+\family default
+ you have to use the same Unix-Pipe for LyX in its preferences under
+\family sans
+External
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+programs
+\family default
+.
+ If you want to get one entry of the database as citation, select it in
+
+\family typewriter
+JabRef
+\family default
+ and click on the LyX-symbol.
+ The entry will now be inserted as a citation at the current cursor position
+ in your LyX file.
+ Of course,
+\family typewriter
+JabRef
+\family default
+ and LyX need to be running the same time.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The pipe is also used for the
+\family sans
+Single instance
+\family default
+ feature, see sec.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Backup documents"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+To use the LyXServer-Pipe on Windows, you must use this pipe name:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+
+\backslash
+.
+\backslash
+pipe
+\backslash
+lyxpipe
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Temporary
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+directory Temporary files will be saved in this directory.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Thesaurus
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+dictionary Directory where the thesaurus dictionaries are located.
+ You only need to specify it if the thesaurus does not work or if you want
+ to use custom/alternative dictionaries.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Hunspell
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+dictionary Directory where the dictionaries of the spell checker program
+
+\family typewriter
+Hunspell
+\family default
+ are located.
+ You only need to specify it if you are using
+\family typewriter
+Hunspell
+\family default
+ and spell checking does not work or if you want to use custom/alternative
+ dictionaries.
+ For LyX on Windows
+\family typewriter
+Hunspell
+\family default
+ is the only available spell checker and should work without specifying
+ a directory.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+PATH
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+prefix This field contains a list of paths to external programs.
+ When LyX needs to use an external program, it looks in this list to see
+ where to find it on the system.
+ The path list is automatically set up on Windows and Mac systems when LyX
+ is configured; so you normally don't have to modify it.
+ On Unix
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+/
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+Linux systems, the path list will need to be set only if there are external
+ programs you wish to use that are not in your normal system path ($PATH).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+TEXINPUTS
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+prefix The TEXINPUTS environment variable allows you to use external files
+ which are included in a LyX document via commands in TeX code or in the
+ document preamble.
+ This prefix includes by default the document directory (represented by
+ a single dot '.').
+ The prefix can contain any list of paths separated by the default separator
+ of the OS (':' on UNIX like systems and ';' on Windows).
+ If files are included, the paths listed in the TEXINPUTS prefix will be
+ scanned for the input files.
+ Note that any non-absolute path listed in the TEXINPUTS prefix is considered
+ to be relative to the directory of your LyX file.
+ It is recommended that you always include ‘.' as one of the paths; otherwise
+ compilation may fail for some documents.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Identity
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can insert your
+\family sans
+Name
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+E-mail
+\family default
+ address.
+ These will be used when you have enabled change tracking, as described
+ in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Change-Tracking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, to mark changes you make as yours.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Language Settings
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Language ! Settings
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Language
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Language
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Prefs-Language"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+User
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+interface
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+language Here you can select the language for LyX's menus.
+ You can find its actual translation status here:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://www.lyx.org/I18n"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Language
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+package determines which LaTeX package should be loaded to handle language
+ issues.
+ Language issues that are handled by this package include proper hyphenation
+ as well as localization of dates and text strings such as
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Chapter
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Table
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The most widespread language package is
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! babel
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+; it is the default language package in classic LaTeX.
+ More recent typesetting engines such as XeTeX and LuaTeX come with the
+ alternative language package
+\series bold
+polyglossia
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! polyglossia
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ that is more suited to the multi-script support of these engines.
+ Furthermore, there are also specific language packages for languages not
+ covered by
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+.
+ The available selections are described in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Language-encodings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+start If a special LaTeX-package is needed to write in a certain document
+ language, you can here specify the command to start the package.
+ An example is the start command
+\family sans
+
+\backslash
+begin{arabtext}
+\family default
+ that is needed to write Arabic using the package
+\series bold
+ArabTeX
+\series default
+, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Arabic"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The default is the
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+ command
+\family sans
+
+\backslash
+selectlanguage{$$lang}
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+end Counterpart to
+\family sans
+Command start
+\family default
+.
+ Some packages, like the default, don't have an end command since the start
+ command toggles the package on and off.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+decimal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+separator Defines the default decimal point for use in tables (decimal point
+ alignment).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+length
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+unit Defines the unit that is used as default for lengths in LyX's dialogs.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Set
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+languages
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+globally When this option is set, the languages used in the document will
+ be added as options to the document class options, so that they can be
+ used by all LaTeX-packages.
+ Otherwise they will only be used as options for the
+\series bold
+babel
+\series default
+ package.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Auto
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+begin When this option is set, documents start with the chosen document
+ language.
+ When this option is not set, the
+\family sans
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+start
+\family default
+ is explicitly set to the beginning of the document in the LaTeX-output.
+ This assures that the correct language is used when you use another
+\family sans
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+start
+\family default
+ than the default.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Auto
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+end Counterpart to
+\family sans
+Auto
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+begin
+\family default
+.
+ When it is not set, the
+\family sans
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+end
+\family default
+ is set to the end of the document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Mark
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+foreign
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+languages Text marked formatted in a language different from the document
+ language will be underlined in blue.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Enable
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+RTL
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+support Enables the use of languages, written from right to left (RTL),
+ like Arabic, Hebrew or Farsi.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Cursor
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+movement When writing RTL, you can define if the left and right arrow keys
+ move the cursor visually to the left or right, respectively, or logically.
+ Logical means that the cursor is moved to the left when pressing the right
+ arrow key and the cursor is inside text in an RTL language.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Spellchecker
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The spellchecker settings are explained in section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Spellchecking"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Outputs
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+General
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+line
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+length sets the maximum number of characters printed in one line when using
+ the menu
+\family sans
+File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Plain
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text
+\family default
+.
+ Setting the line length to 0 means all text is printed in one endless line.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Date
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+format
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Date Format
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Date format
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ The date format can be one or a mixture of the formats listed here:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://unixhelp.ed.ac.uk/CGI/man-cgi?date
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+For example the format
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+%d/%m/%y
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+prints the date as day/month/year.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Overwrite
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+on
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+export Setting what LyX is allowed to overwrite on export.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Forward
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+search Commands that will be used for the menu
+\family sans
+Navigate\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Forward
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+search
+\family default
+.
+ For a detailed description see section
+\emph on
+Reverse DVI/PDF search
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Printer
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Printer"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Printer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Printer
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+printer Here you can specify the name of your
+\family sans
+Default printer
+\family default
+.
+ The name will be used when the
+\family sans
+Printer command
+\family default
+ is executed.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ You can leave this field empty on Windows systems because it has no effect.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Printer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+command is the command LyX
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+/
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+LaTeX uses for printing.
+ The default is
+\family sans
+dvips
+\family default
+ on most systems.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Printer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Command
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Options Here you can specify printer options.
+ A list of printer options with explanations can be found in the documentation
+ of the program that provides the
+\family sans
+Printer command
+\family default
+ you are using.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Adapt
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+output
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+to
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+printer This option works only for the
+\family sans
+Printer command
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+dvips
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ It activates a configuration file for dvips.
+ This is an option only for dvips experts.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+LaT
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+eX
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:LaTeX-settings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! LaTeX
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Use
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+LaTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+font
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+encoding This is the default encoding of the document font.
+
+\family sans
+T1
+\family default
+ is the default and covers western languages and symbols.
+
+\family sans
+T2A
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+T2B
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+T2C
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+LCY
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+X2
+\family default
+ are used for Cyrillic.
+ Combinations of the encodings are possible, like
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+T1, T2B
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The font encoding is normally automatically loaded by the language packages
+ LyX sets up in the background.
+ So there is no need to change the default encoding.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Default
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+paper
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+size This is the paper size that is used for new documents.
+ The
+\family sans
+Default
+\family default
+ value depends on your LaTeX-system setup.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+DVI
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+viewer
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+paper
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+size
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+options They only have an effect when the program
+\family sans
+xdvi
+\family default
+ is used as DVI-viewer, read its manual to find out more.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you can also specify options and commands with parameters for processors.
+ But before you change something, it is strongly recommended to read the
+ manuals of the applications.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Bibliography
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+generation Settings for the generation of the bibliography, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Bibliography-databases"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Index
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+generation Settings for the generation of the index, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Index-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Nomenclature
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+command Command for the program that generates the nomenclature, see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Nomenclature-Program"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+CheckTe
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+X
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+command Command for the program
+\family sans
+CheckTeX
+\family default
+ that is described in the section
+\emph on
+Checking TeX
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Additional Features
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There are additionally the following options:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Use
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Windows-style
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+paths
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+in
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+LaTeX
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+files Uses paths in the notation of Windows, that means that
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ is used instead of
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+/
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ to separate folders.
+ This option is enabled by default when you use LyX on Windows.
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Paths
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Settings ! Paths
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Description
+Reset
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+class
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+options
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+when
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+document
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+class
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+changes Removes all manually set
+\family sans
+Class options
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Class
+\family default
+ dialog when changing the document class.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+File
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Handling
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File handling
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Converters
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Converters"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Converters
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you find the list of defined converter commands to convert material
+ from one format to another.
+ You can modify converters or create new ones.
+ To modify a converter, select it, change the entry of the
+\family sans
+Converter
+\family default
+ and/or
+\family sans
+Extra
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+flag
+\family default
+ field and press the
+\family sans
+Modify
+\family default
+ button.
+ To create a new converter, select an existing one, select a different format
+ in the
+\family sans
+To
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+format
+\family default
+ drop-down list, modify the
+\family sans
+Converter
+\family default
+ field and press the
+\family sans
+Add
+\family default
+ button.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If the
+\family sans
+Converter File Cache
+\family default
+ is
+\family sans
+Enabled
+\family default
+, conversions will be cached as long as specified in the field
+\family sans
+Maximum Age (in days
+\family default
+).
+ This means that images don't need to be converted again when you reopen
+ a document; the converted images from the cache will be used instead.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+More about converters, like the flags that can be used in the converter
+ definition, is described in the section
+\emph on
+Converters
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+File Formats
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sec:File-Formats"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+File formats
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Copiers
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here you find the list of defined file formats that LyX can handle.
+ You can modify the
+\family sans
+Editor
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Viewer
+\family default
+ programs that should be used for certain formats.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also define the
+\family sans
+Default output format
+\family default
+ that is used when you use
+\family sans
+View, Update, View Master Document
+\family default
+ or
+\family sans
+Update Master Document
+\family default
+ in the
+\family sans
+Document
+\family default
+ menu or the toolbar.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+More about formats and their options is described in the section
+\emph on
+Formats
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Since all conversions from one format to another take place in LyX's temporary
+ directory, it is sometimes necessary to modify a file before copying it
+ to the temporary directory so that the conversion may be performed.
+ This is done by specifying a
+\family sans
+Copier
+\family default
+.
+ More about this is described in the section
+\emph on
+Copiers
+\emph default
+ of the
+\emph on
+Customization
+\emph default
+ manual.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+Units available in LyX
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Units
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "chap:Units-available-in"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Table
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Units"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ explains all the units available in LyX and used in this documentation.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float table
+placement h
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "tab:Units"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Units
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="20" columns="2">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+unit
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+name/description
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+mm
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+millimeter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+cm
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+centimeter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+in
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+inch
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+pt
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+point (72.27
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt = 1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+in)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+pc
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+pica (1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pc = 12
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+sp
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+scaled point (65536
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+sp = 1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+bp
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+big point (72
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+bp = 1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+in)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+dd
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+didot (72
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+dd
+\begin_inset Formula $\approx$
+\end_inset
+
+ 37.6
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mm)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+cc
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+cicero (1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cc = 12
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+dd)
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Scale%
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+% of original image width
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+text%
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+% of text width
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+col%
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+% of column width
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+page%
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+% of paper width
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+line%
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
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+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+\begin_inset Text
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+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+
+\end_inset
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+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
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+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+\end_layout
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+\end_inset
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+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Chapter
+Credits
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
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+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The documentation is a collaborative effort between many different people
+ (and we would encourage people to contribute!).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Alejandro Aguilar Sierra
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Amir Karger
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+David Johnson
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Hartmut Haase
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Ignacio García
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Ivan Schreter
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+John Raithel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+John Weiss
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Lars Gullik Bjønnes
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Matthias Ettrich
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Matthias Zenker
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Rich Fields
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Pascal André
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Paul Evans
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Paul Russel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Robin Socha
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\noun on
+Uwe Stöhr
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The LyX Team:
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "lyxcredit"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+The bibliography on the following page was created with the
+\family sans
+Bibliography
+\family default
+ environment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+label "Credits"
+key "lyxcredit"
+
+\end_inset
+
+The LyX Team:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Credits"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/Credits"
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.lyx.org/Credits
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "latexcompanion"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens:
+\emph on
+The LaTeX Companion Second Edition.
+
+\emph default
+ Addison-Wesley, 2004
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "latexguide"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Helmut Kopka and Patrick W.
+ Daly:
+\emph on
+A Guide to LaTeX Fourth Edition.
+
+\emph default
+ Addison-Wesley, 2003
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "latexbook"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Leslie Lamport:
+\emph on
+LaTeX: A Document Preparation System.
+
+\emph default
+ Addison-Wesley, second edition, 1994
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "texbook"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Donald E.
+ Knuth.
+
+\emph on
+The TeXbook.
+
+\emph default
+ Addison-Wesley, 1984
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "TeXCatalogue"
+
+\end_inset
+
+The TeX Catalogue:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/help/Catalogue/bytopic.html
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "LaTeXFAQ"
+
+\end_inset
+
+The LaTeX FAQ:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "BibTeX"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxdoc.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the program
+\family sans
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+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
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+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxdoc.pdf
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+\end_inset
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+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "BibTeX-2"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/bibtex/tamethebeast/ttb_en.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to use the program
+\family sans
+BibTeX
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
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+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/bibtex/tamethebeast/ttb_en.pdf
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+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "makeindex"
+
+\end_inset
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+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/indexing/makeindex/doc/makeindex.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
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+ of the program
+\family sans
+makeindex
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/indexing/makeindex/doc/makeindex.pdf
+\end_layout
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+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "xindy"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.xindy.org/documentation.html"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the program
+\family sans
+xindy
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.xindy.org/documentation.html
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "AMS"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.ams.org/publications/authors/tex/amslatex"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the AMS LaTeX-packages:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.ams.org/publications/authors/tex/amslatex
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "caption"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption-eng.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
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+ of the LaTeX-package
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+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+
+\end_inset
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+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption-eng.pdf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "enumitem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/enumitem.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
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+ of the LaTeX-package
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+
+\begin_inset Index idx
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+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+
+\end_inset
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+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
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+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/enumitem.pdf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "fancyhdr"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf"
+
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+ of the LaTeX-package
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+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
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+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf
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+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "hyperref"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref"
+
+\end_inset
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+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
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+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! hyperref
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+
+\end_inset
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+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "nomencl"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/nomencl/nomencl.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+nomencl
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! nomencl
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/nomencl/nomencl.pdf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "prettyref"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/prettyref/prettyref.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+prettyref
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! prettyref
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/prettyref/prettyref.pdf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "refstyle"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/refstyle/refstyle.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+refstyle
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! refstyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/refstyle/refstyle.pdf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Arabic"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Arabic"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Arabic:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Arabic
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Armenian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Armenian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Armenian:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Armenian
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Cyrillic"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Cyrillic"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Cyrillic languages:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Cyrillic
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Farsi"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Farsi"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Farsi:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Farsi
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Hebrew"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Hebrew"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Hebrew:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Hebrew
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Japanese"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Japanese"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Japanese:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Japanese
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Latvian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Latvian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Latvian:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Latvian
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Lithuanian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Lithuanian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Lithuanian:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Lithuanian
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Mongolian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Mongolian"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Mongolian:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Mongolian
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Vietnamese"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Vietnamese"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ how to set up LyX for Vietnamese:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Vietnamese
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "NewInLyX20"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Wiki-page"
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/NewInLyX20"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ about new features in
+\family sans
+LyX 2.0
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Flex URL
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/NewInLyX20
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+let
+\backslash
+mybibname
+\backslash
+bibname
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+bibname}{
+\backslash
+mybibname
+\backslash
+; 2}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+bibname
+\series default
+ is the name of the bibliography in the current document language.
+ It is redefined here with the number 2 at the end to state that the following
+ bibliography is the second one:
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibtex
+LatexCommand bibtex
+bibfiles "biblio/LyXDocs"
+options "biblio/alphadin"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The above bibliography is created from a BibTeX-database.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset CommandInset nomencl_print
+LatexCommand printnomenclature
+set_width "auto"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset index_print
+LatexCommand printindex
+type "idx"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_body
+\end_document
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff