To split an existing list into two lists, set the cursor at the end of a
list item and use the menu
\family sans
-Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Start New Environment
+Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Separated <Name> Above
\family default
-.
- This inserts a plain separator (red line in \SpecialChar LyX
-) and behind it the new list.
- The menu
+ or
\family sans
-Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Start New Parent Environment
+ Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Separated <Name> Below
\family default
- only appears if the item is nested.
- It does not only separate the list but also creates a new one outside the
- nesting.
+.
+ This inserts a plain separator (red line in \SpecialChar LyX
+) and before or behind it the
+ new list.
+ Inside nested environments, it is also possible to split the outer environment.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
.
- The option
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The option
\family sans
-Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures
+Disallow line breaks after dashes
\family default
- outputs en- and em-dashes as ligatures (--, ---) instead of a sigle character.
+ outputs en- and em-dashes as literal characters
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Or \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ macro, if the literal character is not supported by the \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ input encoding.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ instead of ligatures (--, ---) (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "subsec:Dashes-and-line-breaks"
+plural "false"
+caps "false"
+noprefix "false"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family default
is the Mac label for the right
\family sans
-Alt
-\family default
-
-\family sans
-/ AltGr
+Alt
\family default
key).
- Alternatively, dashes can be inserted with
-\family sans
-Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Special
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-Character\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Symbols
-\family default
- or with the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-unicode-insert
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- \SpecialChar LyX
- function with the Unicode code point as argument (2013 for the em dash
- and 2014 for the en dash).
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
Character\SpecialChar menuseparator
Symbols
\family default
- or the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
+ or using the
+\family typewriter
unicode-insert
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
+\family default
\SpecialChar LyX
- function.
+ function with the Unicode code point as argument (2013 for the em dash
+ and 2014 for the en dash).
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
-From A–Z; pages
+A–Z; pages
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Dashes and line breaks
+Dashes and Line Breaks
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:Dashes-and-line-breaks"
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Whether line breaks around dashes are allowed depends on the use case and
- locale:
+Whether line breaks before or after dashes are allowed depends on the use
+ case and locale, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-In English, line breaks are generally allowed after the dash in ranges of
- values such as 1975–1982, but no line break should occur if only a single
- character follows the dash (as in A–Z).
+In English, line breaks are generally allowed after the dash, but no line
+ break should occur if only a single character follows the dash (as in A–Z).
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-In \SpecialChar LyX
-, line breaks after en-dashes and em-dashes are only allowed (without
- manual intervention), if the option
-\family sans
-Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures
-\family default
- is selected (this is the default in \SpecialChar LyX
- 2.3).
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-In this case, the dashes are output as
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
---
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- and
+By default, dashes are output by \SpecialChar LyX
+ to \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ as
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
----
+ligature dashes
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
-, respectively, when exporting to \SpecialChar LaTeX
-.
- The \SpecialChar TeX
- font ligature mechanism converts them to dash characters followed
- by an optional line break.
+ (-- and ---).
+ \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ allows line breaks after hyphens, en-dashes and em-dashes.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Line breaks before spaced en dashes
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
+– common in British English and generally recommended by
+\emph on
+The Elements of Typographic Style
+\emph default
-\end_layout
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Standard
-Please note:
+– can be prevented using protected spaces.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
-This results in optional line breaks after
-\emph on
-all
-\emph default
- en- and em-dashes.
- Unwanted line breaks must be prevented by wrapping in a makebox
+Unwanted line breaks after dashes can be prevented by wrapping in a makebox
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_inset
-, using protected spaces or preceding with
+ or preceding with
\series bold
\backslash
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-368–9
+36–39
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-With spaced en dashes
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-– common e.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
+\lang french
+Les incises
+\begin_inset Box Frameless
+position "t"
+hor_pos "c"
+has_inner_box 1
+inner_pos "t"
+use_parbox 0
+use_makebox 1
+width ""
+special "none"
+height "1in"
+height_special "totalheight"
+thickness "0.4pt"
+separation "3pt"
+shadowsize "4pt"
+framecolor "black"
+backgroundcolor "none"
+status open
-g.
- in British English and generally recommended by
-\emph on
-The Elements of Typographic Style
-\emph default
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\lang french
+–
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-– line breaks should not occur before the dash.
+même
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\lang french
-Les incises –
-\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-même si tout le monde ne les aime pas
+ si tout le monde ne les aime pas
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
—un inciso con rayas— se escribe así.
\end_layout
+\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
An incorrect line break is easily overlooked because
\begin_inset space ~
log.
\end_layout
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-The setting is ignored for documents using non-\SpecialChar TeX
- fonts.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Xe\SpecialChar TeX
- provides the
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-XeTeXdashbreakstate
-\series default
- setting.
- The default causes dashes to behave like ligature dashes.
- The usual behaviour of literal dashes can be achieved by inserting
-\family typewriter
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-XeTeXdashbreakstate=0
+\begin_layout Standard
+If you want to globally disable line breaks after dashes, you can select
+ the option
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Disallow line breaks after dashes
\family default
-\series default
- into the \SpecialChar LaTeX
- preamble.
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+Line breaks are still allowed after spaced dashes.
+ They can be prevented using protected spaces (without need for a makebox
+ or \SpecialChar TeX
+ code).
+ Example:
\end_layout
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\lang french
+Les incises –
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
+même si tout le monde ne les aime pas
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+– sont très utiles.
\end_layout
+\end_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
-Em dashes in
-\family typewriter
-typewriter
-\family default
- fonts become
-\family typewriter
-–-
-\family default
- or
-\family typewriter
----
-\family default
- in the output.
-\end_layout
+Line breaks after unspaced dashes can be allowed via the menu
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Hyphenation is suppressed in words adjacent to hyphens and ligature dashes.
-\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-If the option
-\family sans
-Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures
-\family default
- has not been selected, you can insert optional line breaks via the menu
-
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
Formatting\SpecialChar menuseparator
:
\end_layout
+\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Em-dashes without spaces—\SpecialChar allowbreak
-as common in American English—\SpecialChar allowbreak
-should be broken
- after the dash.
+common in American English—\SpecialChar allowbreak
+should be followed by
+ a line break opportunity.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-As of \SpecialChar LyX
-
+This also allows hyphenation of the word following the dash (see section
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.2, -- and --- are exported to LaTeX as -{}- and -{}-{}- to prevent ligation
- to dashes.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Up to \SpecialChar LyX
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "subsec:Hyphenation"
+plural "false"
+caps "false"
+noprefix "false"
-\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.1, -- and --- was output unchanged which led to different look in \SpecialChar LyX
-, text
- export, HTML export and the PDF export.
+).
\end_layout
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+With this setting, \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ hyphenates words also if immediately followed by em
+ or en dashes (see section
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
- Occurrences in older documents are converted to literal Unicode dashes.
- This led to different line breaks in some documents.
- \SpecialChar LyX
-\begin_inset space ~
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "subsec:Hyphenation"
+plural "false"
+caps "false"
+noprefix "false"
+
\end_inset
-2.3 provides the aforementioned option
-\family sans
-Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures
-\family default
- in the menu
-\family sans
-Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
-Fonts.
+).
+\end_layout
-\family default
- It is on by default but unselected when opening documents edited with \SpecialChar LyX
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Changes and backwards compatibility
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Up to \SpecialChar LyX
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.2.
-\begin_inset Newline newline
+2.1, consecutive hyphen characters (-- and ---) in the LyX source were merged
+ to en or em dashes by LaTeX.
+ These
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+ligature dashes
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
-Note the following side-effects of the changes in \SpecialChar LyX
-'s dash handling:
+ retain the line-break properties of hyphens while literal dash characters
+ are regarded by \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ as
+\emph on
+non-breakable
+\emph default
+.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
-If you used literal em- and en dashes in pre-\SpecialChar LyX
+\begin_layout Standard
+Since \SpecialChar LyX
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.2 documents, you must manually unselect
-\family sans
-Output en- and em-dashes as ligatures
+2.2, consecutive hyphens in the LyX source are exported to \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ in a way that
+ prevents ligation to dashes.
+
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Ligature dashes
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in documents from earlier versions are converted to literal dash characters
+ (except in
+\family typewriter
+typewriter
+\family default
+ font); typed in consecutive hyphens are merged to dash characters immediately
+ after the input (unless the current text font is
+\family typewriter
+type
\family default
- to ensure unchanged behavior.
+writer).
+\begin_inset Foot
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The behavior was changed since
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+lyx --help
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ became
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+lyx –help
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ in PDF, Postscript, and DVI output.
+ An unintended consequence of these changes was that all dashes were output
+ as non-breakable dashes.
+ This also resulted in changed line breaks in some older documents.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
-If you used both, literal and ligature dashes in pre-\SpecialChar LyX
-
-\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.2 documents, you may need to enable or prevent individual line breaks as
- shown above to restore the correct line breaking behaviour.
+
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Zero-width space (ZWSP) characters in older \SpecialChar LyX
- documents that follow literal
- em- and en-dashes are removed during the conversion to the format of \SpecialChar LyX
+\begin_layout Standard
+\SpecialChar LyX
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.3.
- If you used them as optional line breaks after dashes, convert them to
- space insets before opening your document with \SpecialChar LyX
+2.3 outputs
+\emph on
+breakable
+\emph default
+ dashes by default.
+ When opening documents edited with \SpecialChar LyX
+
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+2.2 or earlier and containing literal dash characters not followed by whitespace,
+ the setting
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Fonts\SpecialChar menuseparator
+Disallow line breaks after dashes
+\family default
+ is active to prevent changes to the line breaks.
+\series bold
+Warning:
+\series default
+ If you used both literal and
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+ligature
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ dashes in pre-\SpecialChar LyX
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-2.3 or the optional line breaks will be lost.
+2.2 documents, you may need to enable or prevent individual line breaks as
+ shown above to restore the correct line breaking behavior.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_inset
following the rules of the document language.
+ \SpecialChar LaTeX
+ does not hyphenate text in the
+\family sans
+typewriter
+\family default
+ font and words immediately preceded or followed by hyphens or dashes.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- as a hyphenation possibility.
- Hyphenating at this point would look ugly.
- To prevent the shortcut from being hyphenated, you can use a protected
- hyphen (
+ as a line break possibility.
+ A line break at this point would look ugly.
+ To prevent the shortcut from being broken, you can use a protected hyphen
+ (
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
Formatting\SpecialChar menuseparator
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX's homepage"
-target "http://www.lyx.org"
+target "https://www.lyx.org"
literal "false"
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX's homepage"
-target "http://www.lyx.org"
+target "https://www.lyx.org"
literal "false"
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsection
-
-\family sans
-Start New Environment/Start New Parent Environment
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-These menus are only visible if it is possible to have two consecutive environme
-nts of the same type.
- See section
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "subsec:Separate-Nestings"
-
-\end_inset
-
- for an explanation.
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Section
The View Menu
\begin_inset Index idx
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+
+\family sans
+Separate <Name> (Above/Below)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+These menu items are only visible if it is possible to have two consecutive
+ environments of the same type.
+ See section
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "subsec:Separate-Nestings"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for an explanation.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Short Title
\end_layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "this image"
-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/uploads/LyX/NewInLyX20/themes.png"
+target "https://wiki.lyx.org/uploads/LyX/NewInLyX20/themes.png"
literal "false"
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "Credits"
-target "http://www.lyx.org/Credits"
+target "https://www.lyx.org/Credits"
literal "false"
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "Documentation"
-target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxdoc.pdf"
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\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
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-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Armenian"
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LatexCommand href
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-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Cyrillic"
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
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-target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Japanese"
+target "https://wiki.lyx.org/Windows/Japanese"
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projects / features.git / blobdiff