\pdfbookmark[1]{\contentsname}{}
\myTOC
\mainmatter }
-
-% redefine the \LyX macro for PDF bookmarks
-\def\LyX{\texorpdfstring{%
- L\kern-.1667em\lower.25em\hbox{Y}\kern-.125emX\@}
- {LyX}}
\end_preamble
\use_default_options false
\begin_modules
\begin_layout Standard
This tutorial consists of examples and exercises.
- To get the most out of this document, you should read through the document,
- typing all the little things we are telling you to type and trying out
- all of the exercises to see if you get them right.
+ To get the most out of this document, you should read through it, typing
+ all the little things we are telling you to type and trying out all of
+ the exercises to see if you get them right.
For convenience, you might want to print out the PDF version of this document.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
In this Tutorial, we are going to assume that you have a fully working version
- of LyX, as well as a LaTeX-distribution, a DVI-, and a PDF-viewer.
+ of LyX, as well as a LaTeX-distribution and a PDF-viewer.
This should be the case on all major Linux- and BSD-distributions, as well
as on Windows, where this is setup by the LyX installers.
\end_layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Run LaTeX to create a DVI file, with
+Create a PDF file, with
\family sans
View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-DVI
+View
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/buffer-view_dvi.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-view"
\end_inset
.
- LyX will open a DVI-viewer program displaying your document as it will
+ LyX will open a PDF-viewer program displaying your document as it will
look when printed.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-You can save time by leaving the DVI-viewer running in the background.
+You can save time by leaving the PDF-viewer running in the background.
Then, you can use
\family sans
View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Update\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-DVI
+Update
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/buffer-update_dvi.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "buffer-update"
\end_inset
- and just click on the DVI-viewer window (or unminimize it) after LaTeX
- finishes running.
+ and just click on the PDF-viewer window (or unminimize it) afterwards.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-LyX can of course do most of the things you are used to do with a word processor.
+LyX can of course do most of the things you are used to doing with a word
+ processor.
It will word-wrap and indent paragraphs automatically.
Here is a quick description of how to do some simple actions.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Description
Undo LyX has multiple levels of undo, which means you can undo everything
- you have done since your current editing session started, by selecting
+ you have done since your current editing session started, by selecting
\family sans
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Undo
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/undo.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "undo"
\end_inset
) over and over again.
Redo
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/redo.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "redo"
\end_inset
) to get it back.
-
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
Cut
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/cut.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "cut"
\end_inset
),
Copy
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/copy.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "copy"
\end_inset
), and
Paste
\family default
(toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "paste"
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/paste.png
scale 75
Replace
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show_findreplace.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show findreplace"
\end_inset
) to search.
\family sans
Replace
\family default
- button to replace a word you have found.
+ button to replace a word you have found.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
Close the window when you are done or leave it open if you find it more
convenient.
Most dialog boxes in LyX can operate like this.
- Just be sure you have the right window focus when you are trying to type
- in the main LyX window or a LyX dialog.
+ Just be sure you have the right window in focus when you are trying to
+ type in the main LyX window or a LyX dialog.
\end_layout
\end_inset
Style
\family default
dialog (toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show_character.png
- scale 75
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show character"
\end_inset
).
\end_inset
.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Itemize
\family default
environment's bulleted lists to describe different points.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
Enumerate
\family default
environment's numbered lists (and lettered sublists).
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
Description
\family default
environment, where each item in the list begins with a bold-faced word.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\family sans
List
\family default
- environment is a variation on the
+ (also named
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+) environment is a variation on the
\family sans
Description
\family default
\begin_layout Standard
\family typewriter
-LyX is better than other word processors because:
+LyX is better than other word processors because:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family sans
Environment
\family default
- box.
+ box (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout Itemize"
+\end_inset
+
+).
LyX writes a
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_inset
on the line.
- Type in your reasons:
+ Type in your reasons:
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
\family sans
Standard
\family default
- environment (or just use the key binding,
-\family sans
-Alt+P
-\begin_inset space ~
+ environment (or just use the key binding
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "layout Standard"
\end_inset
-S
-\family default
).
\end_layout
\family sans
Environment
\family default
- box.
+ box (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout Enumerate"
+\end_inset
+
+).
Pow! As we mentioned, if you add or delete a list item, LyX will fix the
numbering.
\end_layout
and
\family sans
List
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
\family default
-, in order to see what they look like.
+/
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+Labeling
+\family default
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout Description"
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "layout List"
+\end_inset
+
+), in order to see what they look like.
For those two environments, each list item is made up of a term, which
is the item's first word, followed by a definition, which is the rest of
the paragraph (until you hit
\family sans
Return
\family default
-.) The term is either typeset in boldface (
+).
+ The term is either typeset in boldface (
\family sans
Description
\family default
Address
\family default
- environment, which do not even exist in most other document classes.
+ environment, that do not exist in most other document classes.
Others, like
\family sans
Description
\end_inset
Signature:
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
in red before the actual text of the signature.
document classes.
Finally, they may be useful for a person who is configuring LyX for a bunch
of less computer-aware users.
- When they are first learning LyX, it will be much less intimidating if
- they have a letter template customized for their company, for example.
+ When they are first learning LyX, it will be less intimidating if they
+ have a letter template customized for their company, for example.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
using cross-references.
You can refer either to the section's number, or to the page that the section
appears on.
- As with section numbering, LyX also takes care about cross-reference numbering
+ As with section numbering, LyX also takes care of cross-reference numbering
for you.
- Automatic labels and cross-references are among the most significant advantages
- of LyX (and LaTeX) over conventional word processors.
-
+ Automatic management of labels and cross-references is among the most significa
+nt advantages of LyX (and LaTeX) over conventional word processors.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Label
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/label-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "label-insert"
\end_inset
.
Reference
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset ref"
\end_inset
.
\end_inset
.
- First, select the drop-down menu labeled Format and select
+ First, select the drop-down menu labeled
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Format
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and select
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_inset
and the reference).
- Alternatively to that method, you can right-click on a label and use in
- the appearing context menu
+ An alternative way to reference a label is to right-click the label and
+ select
\family sans
Copy as Reference
\family default
-.
+ in the appearing context menu.
The cross-reference to this label is now in the clipboard and can be copied
to the actual cursor position via the menu
\family sans
Paste
\family default
(shortcut
-\family sans
-Ctrl+V
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "paste"
+\end_inset
+
).
In the printed document, this reference marker will be replaced with the
section number and then the page number.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-We told you that LyX takes care about numbering cross-references; now you
- can test that.
+We told you that LyX takes care of numbering cross-references; now you can
+ test this claim.
Add a new section before Section
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
2.
- Update the DVI view, and — voilà! — the section cross reference changed
+ Update the DVI view, and — voilà! — the section cross-reference changed
to
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-If you want to make sure that the cross-referencing gets the pages right
- even for larger documents,
+If you want to confirm that the cross-referencing gets the pages right even
+ for larger documents,
\family sans
Copy
\family default
\family sans
Paste
\family default
- the stolen text into your document.
+ it into your document.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
Footnotes can be added using the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/footnote-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "footnote-insert"
\end_inset
or the menu
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- somewhere in your document and click the
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/footnote-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
-\end_inset
-
- button.
+ somewhere in your document and insert a footnote.
A footnote box appears where you can enter the text of the footnote.
LyX should place the cursor at the beginning of the footnote box.
Type
it.
In addition, you can change regular text to a footnote, by selecting it
and hitting the
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/footnote-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "footnote-insert"
\end_inset
button; change a footnote to regular text by hitting the
\family sans
Delete
\family default
- key when the cursor is in the very last position of the footnote, respectively.
+ key when the cursor is in the very last position of the footnote.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Note
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/marginalnote-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "marginalnote-insert"
\end_inset
\SpecialChar \@.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Bibliographies (at least in the exact sciences) are similar to cross references.
+Bibliographies (at least in the exact sciences) are similar to cross-references.
The bibliography contains a list of references at the end of the document,
and they can be referenced from within the document.
Like section titles, LyX and LaTeX make your job easier by automatically
Label
\family default
is set (default), you will see the number of the bibliography in the output.
- Change now the
+ Now change the
\family sans
Key
\family default
Citation
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_citation.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset citation"
\end_inset
.
\begin_layout Standard
You may want to put a table of contents at the beginning of your document.
- LyX makes this very easy to do.
+ LyX makes this easy to do.
Just hit
\family sans
Return
Outline
\family default
or the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-toggle_toc.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-toggle toc"
\end_inset
.
This menu will work even if you do not have a table of contents inset in
your document.
- This is a very useful tool for moving around your document parts.
+ This is a very useful tool for rearranging your document parts.
Clicking on a (sub)section title in the
\family sans
Outline
\begin_layout Standard
Instead, we create a formula that will get typeset properly.
In order to create a formula, just click the toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math-mode.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-mode"
\end_inset
or use the menu
\family default
.
LyX will insert a little blue square, which is an empty math formula.
- Now just type
+ Now type
\family typewriter
E=mc^2
\family default
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Writing a subscript (index) is just easy; start one by typing the underscore
+Writing a subscript (index) is just as easy; start one by typing the underscore
key
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
toolbar
\family default
- is a convenient way to enter symbols or to perform complicated formula
+ is a convenient way to enter symbols and/or to perform complicated formula
operations.
Many of these operations can be accomplished from the keyboard or the
\family sans
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- the toolbar will be shown permanently at the bottom; this state is visualized
+ (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "toolbar-toggle math"
+\end_inset
+
+) the toolbar will be shown permanently at the bottom; this state is visualized
in the
\family sans
Toolbars
arrows, relationships, delimiters, special characters, sums and integrals.
Note that subscripting and superscripting allow you to put lower and upper
limits on sums and integrals.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\begin_layout Standard
To type a square root, just click on the button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/sqrt.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\sqrt"
\end_inset
.
\begin_layout Standard
Accenting a character (
-\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{v}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{a}$
\end_inset
) or group of characters (
\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{a+b}$
\end_inset
-) is done the same way.
- Decorations are available from the toolbar via the button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/hat.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
+) is done similarly, and is an example of inserting a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+frame decoration
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Decorations are available from the toolbar via the button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\hat"
\end_inset
.
Delimiters such as parentheses, brackets, and braces work similarly, but
are a bit more complicated.
Hit the delimiter button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show_mathdelimiter.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show mathdelimiter"
\end_inset
to pop up the
\begin_layout Standard
To create a fraction, click on the fraction button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/frac.png
- lyxscale 75
- scale 60
- scaleBeforeRotation
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\frac"
+\end_inset
+ or
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\frac-square"
\end_inset
in the
Toolbar
\family default
button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/functions.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-insert \\functions"
\end_inset
and then on
\begin_layout Standard
Click on the matrix button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show_mathmatrix.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show mathmatrix"
\end_inset
in the
Columns
\family default
or the math toolbar buttons
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-row.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "inset-modify tabular append-row"
\end_inset
,
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-row.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "inset-modify tabular delete-row"
\end_inset
,
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-column.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "inset-modify tabular append-column"
\end_inset
,
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-column.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "inset-modify tabular delete-column"
\end_inset
.
\begin_layout Standard
While being in a formula, click on the display button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math-display.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-display"
\end_inset
in the
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-LyX's math editor can do a lot more.
- Now you are familiar with the basics, you can refer to the
+Now you are familiar with the basics.
+ LyX's math editor can do a lot more.
+ You can refer to the
\emph on
-User's Guide
+Math
\emph default
- for tips on how to:
+ manual for tips on how to:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Label and number expressions
+Label and number expressions.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Create multi-line equations
+Create multi-line equations.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Do lots of other things that we have no space for in this Tutorial.
+Almost all you can do with math.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Chapter
Table
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/tabular-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "tabular-insert"
\end_inset
) to get a table.
Settings
\family default
dialog box which allows extensive table editing.
+ By pressing
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "toolbar-toggle table"
+\end_inset
+
+ the table toolbar will appear permanently.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
Graphics
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_graphics.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "dialog-show-new-inset graphics"
\end_inset
).
\family sans
O
\family default
- or by using the binding which is shown next to it in the menu (Ctrl+O by
- default).
+ or by using the binding which is shown next to it in the menu (
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "file-open"
+\end_inset
+
+ by default).
Keybindings are also configurable.
For information on this, check out
\family sans
Code
\family default
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/ert-insert.png
- scale 75
- scaleBeforeRotation
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "ert-insert"
\end_inset
).
\begin_layout Standard
In a math formula, TeX mode is handled a bit differently.
- TeX mode is there entered by typing a backslash.
+ TeX mode is entered there by typing a backslash.
The backslash is not written out, but anything you type afterwards will
be in red.
You exit TeX mode by typing
\family default
or some other non-alphabetic character, like a number, underscore, caret,
or parenthesis.
- Once you exit TeX mode, if LyX knows the TeX command you have typed in,
+ Once you exit TeX mode, if LyX knows the TeX command you have typed in,
it will convert it to WYSIWYM\SpecialChar \@.
So if you type
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\emph default
ending braces will be inserted in red while the cursor is placed between
the braces.
- This makes it more convenient to type those commands which take an argument.
+ This makes it more convenient to type those commands that take an argument.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
whatever.lyx
\family default
file you are editing.
- LyX always creates temporary LaTeX files when viewing or printing files.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Settings
\family default
- dialog takes care of the document-wide options.
- You can change there the document class, default font size and paper size.
- Document class options but also options for LaTeX packages can be entered
+ dialog takes care of the document-wide options, such as changing the document
+ class, default font size and paper size.
+ Document class options and also options for LaTeX packages can be entered
there in the
\family sans
Class
\begin_layout Standard
After you have done this, you can use citations from any bibliographies
- you are including with
+ you have included with
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Citation
\end_inset
).
- LyX will take care of running BibTeX.
The box in the
\family sans
Citation
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff