-#LyX 2.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 413
+#LyX 2.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 474
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass book
\font_roman default
\font_sans default
\font_typewriter default
+\font_math auto
\font_default_family default
\use_non_tex_fonts false
\font_sc false
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100
\font_tt_scale 100
-
\graphics default
\default_output_format default
\output_sync 0
\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue,pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false"
\papersize default
\use_geometry false
-\use_amsmath 0
-\use_esint 0
-\use_mhchem 1
-\use_mathdots 1
+\use_package amsmath 0
+\use_package amssymb 0
+\use_package cancel 0
+\use_package esint 0
+\use_package mathdots 1
+\use_package mathtools 0
+\use_package mhchem 1
+\use_package stackrel 0
+\use_package stmaryrd 0
+\use_package undertilde 0
\cite_engine basic
+\cite_engine_type default
+\biblio_style plain
\use_bibtopic false
\use_indices false
\paperorientation portrait
\suppress_date false
+\justification true
\use_refstyle 0
\index Index
\shortcut idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-If you have comments or error corrections, please send them to the LyX Documenta
-tion mailing list,
-\family typewriter
-
+\noindent
+If you have comments on or corrections to this documentation, please send
+ them to the LyX Documentation mailing list:
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org"
\end_inset
-\family default
-.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-This file is designed for all of you who have never heard of LaTeX, or do
- not know it very well.
+This manual is designed for all of you who have never heard of LaTeX, or
+ do not know it very well.
Now, do not panic - you will not need to learn LaTeX to use LyX.
That is, after all, the whole point of LyX: to provide an almost-WYSIWYG
interface to LaTeX.
\end_inset
or tried to put three blank lines between paragraphs.
- You found out you could not and in fact, you will find out that most of
- the little tricks you are accustomed to use in other word processors will
- not work in LyX.
- That is because most word processors you have used before allow you to
- manually enter all spacings, font changes, and so on.
+ You found out you could not and, in fact, you will find out that most of
+ the little tricks you are accustomed to use in word processors will not
+ work in LyX.
+ That is because most word processors you have used before allow you manually
+ to enter all spacings, font changes, and so on.
So you end up not only writing a document but typesetting it, too.
LyX does the typesetting for you, in a consistent fashion, letting you
focus on the important things, like the content of your writing.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Before we get started with this section, we want to make a quick note of
- something.
- The
+Before we get started with this section, you need to know that this
\emph on
Tutorial
\emph default
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Now that you know which fonts mean what, we want to talk a bit about what
- this
+Now that you know which fonts mean what in the documentation, we want to
+ talk a bit about what this
\emph on
Tutorial
\emph default
\begin_layout Standard
This tutorial consists of examples and exercises.
- To get the most out of this document, you should read through the it, typing
+ To get the most out of this document, you should read through it, typing
all the little things we are telling you to type and trying out all of
the exercises to see if you get them right.
For convenience, you might want to print out the PDF version of this document.
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
-It is time to move onwards, time for your first document \SpecialChar \ldots{}
+It is time to move on, time for your first document \SpecialChar \ldots{}
\end_layout
help files.
This is very simple:
\series default
- Start up LyX, Choose the
+ Start up LyX, select the
\emph on
User's Guide
\emph default
examples
\family default
directory of LyX's installation folder.
- Open the raw document, and use
+ Open the document
+\family typewriter
+example_raw.lyx
+\family default
+ and use
\family sans
File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Save
\family default
to save a copy in your own directory for you to work on.
As you fix parts of the raw document, check to see how those changes affect
- the DVI output.
+ the output.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Itemize
Create a PDF file, with
\family sans
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
View
\family default
or the toolbar button
You can save time by leaving the PDF-viewer running in the background.
Then, you can use
\family sans
-View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Update
\family default
or the toolbar button
\begin_layout Standard
Congratulations! You have written your first LyX document.
- All of the rest is just details, which are covered in the other manuals.
+ All of the rest is just details.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
arg "paste"
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/paste.png
- scale 75
-
-\end_inset
-
) to cut, copy, and paste.
Or automatically paste selected text (including selections from other programs)
with the
\emph on
emphasize
\emph default
- text (which will by default print characters in italics), set it in
-\series bold
-bold face
-\series default
-, in
+ text (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "font-emph"
+\end_inset
+
+, which will by default print characters in italics), set it in
\noun on
Noun Style
\noun default
- (usually small caps, used for people's names), or use your own formatting
+ (toolbar button
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "font-noun"
+\end_inset
+
+, usually small caps, used for people's names), or use your own formatting
by using the
\family sans
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-Style
+Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Customized
\family default
dialog (toolbar button
\begin_inset Info
\end_layout
\begin_layout Description
-Toolbar There are buttons on the toolbar (just below the menus) which allow
- you to do some of the more popular functions, such as
+Toolbar Other buttons on the toolbar allow you to do some of the more popular
+ functions, such as
\family sans
-Paste
+Insert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+math
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Insert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+graphics
\family default
and
\family sans
-Print
+Insert
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+table
\family default
.
\end_layout
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- You type what you mean, and LyX will take care of typesetting it for you,
+ You type what you mean and LyX will take care of typesetting it for you
so that the output looks nice.
A
\family sans
Return
\family default
- grammatically separates paragraphs, and a
+ grammatically separates paragraphs and a
\family sans
Space
\family default
- grammatically separates words, so there is no reason to have several of
+ grammatically separates words; so there is no reason to have several of
them in a row; a
\family sans
Tab
\family default
- has no grammatical function at all, so LyX does not support it.
+ has no grammatical function at all - so LyX does not support it.
Using LyX, you will spend more of your time worrying about the
\emph on
content
\emph default
- of your document, and less time worrying about the
+ of your document and less time worrying about the
\emph on
format.
\family typewriter
Introduction
\family default
- on the first line of your LyX file, and select
+ on the first line of your new LyX file, and select
\family sans
Section
\family default
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-my first LyX document
+my first LyX document.
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
\end_inset
).
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-You have got a beautiful itemized list.
+You now have a beautiful itemized list.
You might want to run LaTeX to see how the list looks when printed out.
But what if you wanted to number the reasons? Well, just select the whole
list
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-LyX will not let you select the first bullet unless you also select the
- paragraph
+LyX will not let you select the first bullet (or the actual number in a
+ numbered section title) unless you also select the paragraph
\emph on
before
\emph default
- the list, which you probably do not want to do.
- Similarly, you cannot select the actual number in a numbered section title.
+ it, which you probably do not want to do.
This is on purpose because the bullet or number depends on the document
settings or text position, respectively.
\end_layout
\family sans
Verse
\family default
- in
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
+ in
\family typewriter
example_raw.lyx
\end_layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Go back to your LyX document and make sure it is using the
+Go back to your first LyX document and make sure it is using the
\family sans
Article
\family default
\end_inset
in your document.
- Once you do so, you can refer to this section in other parts of the document,
+ Once you do so, you can refer to the element in other parts of the document,
using cross-references.
- You can refer either to the section's number, or to the page that the section
- appears on.
+ You can refer to a section's number, to the page on which the section begins
+ or to both.
As with section numbering, LyX also takes care of cross-reference numbering
for you.
Automatic management of labels and cross-references is among the most significa
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-So far you have not done anything — the DVI output will look exactly the
- same, since labels do not show up in the printed document.
+So far you have not done anything — the output will look exactly the same,
+ since labels do not show up in the printed document.
However, now that you have added a label, you can refer to that label with
cross-references.
We will do that next.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Now — with the cursor after the word
+Now, with the cursor after the word
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- — choose
+, select
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Cross
Space
\family default
- in between the word
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"
+\end_inset
+
+) in between the word
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- and the reference).
- An alternative way to reference a label is to right-click the label and
- select
+ and the reference.) An alternative way to reference a label is to right-click
+ the label and select
\family sans
Copy as Reference
\family default
- in the appearing context menu.
+ in the pop-up context menu.
The cross-reference to this label is now in the clipboard and can be copied
to the actual cursor position via the menu
\family sans
).
In the printed document, this reference marker will be replaced with the
section number and then the page number.
- View your document as DVI, and you will see that LaTeX has been even cleverer
+ Preview your document and you will see that LaTeX has been even cleverer
than that.
It refers to
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- (whereas
+ (where
\emph on
n
\emph default
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-We told you that LyX takes careof numbering cross-references; now you can
+We told you that LyX takes care of numbering cross-references; now you can
test this claim.
Add a new section before Section
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
2.
- Update the DVI view, and — voilà! — the section cross-reference changed
+ Update the preview, and — voilà! — the section cross-reference changed
to
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\family sans
Paste
\family default
- it into your document.
+ them into your document.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Bibliographies (at least in the exact sciences) are similar to cross-references.
+Bibliographies are similar to cross-references.
The bibliography contains a list of references at the end of the document,
and they can be referenced from within the document.
Like section titles, LyX and LaTeX make your job easier by automatically
Citation
\family default
dialog appears.
- The right panel in this dialog lists all the bibliography entries, and
- this field allows you to choose which bibliography item you want to cite.
+ The left panel in this dialog lists all the bibliography entries, and this
+ field allows you to choose which bibliography item you want to cite.
Select
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\family default
button in the center to insert it.
(You can have multiple citations in the same place by transferring a number
- of keys this way.) Now view your file as DVI, and you will see that the
- citation appears in brackets in the text, referring to the bibliography
- at the end of the document.
+ of keys this way.)
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+If one uses label names for references that are easy to remember it is easier
+ to find the entry in the list of references.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Click the
+\family sans
+OK
+\family default
+ button.
+ Now preview your file and you will see that the citation appears in brackets
+ in the text, referring to the bibliography at the end of the document.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
item
\family default
dialog.
- As usual, see the
+ See the
\emph on
User's Guide
\emph default
\family sans
Return
\family default
- after your document title and before your first section title and choose
+ after your document title and before your first section title and select
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\begin_layout Standard
This may not appear to be very useful.
- However, if you look at your DVI file, you will see that a table of contents
+ However, if you look at your preview, you will see that a table of contents
has been generated, listing the various sections and subsections in your
document.
As usual, if you reorder sections or create new ones, you will see those
- changes in the DVI file when you update it.
+ changes in the preview when you update it.
\end_layout
But you can display the table of contents in a separate window by clicking
on the table of contents button, or by using
\family sans
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Outline
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Pane
\family default
or the toolbar button
\begin_inset Info
Happily, LyX has WYSIWYM support for equations.
If you are used to LaTeX, you will find that all of the usual LaTeX math
commands can be typed in normally, but they will show up in a WYSIWYM fashion.
- If, on the other hand, you have never written in LaTeX, then the
+ If, on the other hand, you have never written in LaTeX, then the
\family sans
Math
\begin_inset space ~
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Instead, we create a formula that will get typeset properly.
- In order to create a formula, just click the toolbar button
+But we can create a formula that will be typeset properly.
+ Highlight the equation and click the toolbar button
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
arg "math-mode"
Formula
\family default
.
- LyX will insert a little blue square, which is an empty math formula.
- Now type
-\family typewriter
-E=mc^2
-\family default
- again.
- The expression is typed in blue, and the blue square disappears as soon
- as the formula is not empty.
+ If nothing is highlighted LyX inserts a little blue square, which is an
+ empty math formula.
+ The expression appears in blue and the blue square disappears as soon as
+ the formula is not empty.
Now type
\family sans
Esc
\family default
- to leave the equation The purple markers disappear, leaving the cursor
- to the right of the expression, and now if you type something, it will
- be regular text.
+ to leave the equation.
+ The purple markers disappear, leaving the cursor to the right of the expression.
+ Now, if you type something, it will be regular text.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
sqrt
\family default
; this can be frustrating, because you cannot see what an expression looks
- like until you run the file under LaTeX and you may have to spend time
- finding e.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-g.
-\begin_inset space \space{}
-\end_inset
-
-missing brackets.
+ like until you run the file under LaTeX and you may have to spend time,
+ for example, finding missing brackets.
LyX does not attempt to get the expression to look perfect (WYSIWYG), but
it gives you an extremely good idea of what the expression will look like.
LaTeX then takes care of the professional typesetting.
operations.
Many of these operations can be accomplished from the keyboard or the
\family sans
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math
\family default
- or
+ or the
\family sans
-Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math
\family default
- menus.
+ menus (the latter only appears when you are in Math mode).
However, we are going to concentrate on using the
\family sans
Math
\family default
menu, the
\family sans
-math toolbar
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+toolbar
\family default
is only shown when the cursor is within a formula; this state is visualized
by the renaming of the menu entry from
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Square roots, accents, and delimiters
+Roots, decorations, and delimiters
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Accenting a character (
-\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{a}$
+Adding a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-) or group of characters (
-\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{a+b}$
+frame decoration
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
-) is done similarly, and is an example of inserting a
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
+ to a character (
+\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{a}$
\end_inset
-frame decoration
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
+) or group of characters (
+\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{a+b}$
\end_inset
-.
+) is done similarly.
Decorations are available from the toolbar via the button
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
dialog.
However, those parentheses will be the same size as regular text, which
will look bad if you have a big fraction or matrix inside the parentheses.
- So it is better in this case to use one of the three delimiter buttons
- that insert directly e.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-g.
-\begin_inset space \space{}
-\end_inset
-
-a (
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+ So it is better to use one of the three delimiter buttons that insert them
+ directly, for example
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math-delim ( )"
\end_inset
-) pair.
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
To create a fraction, click on the fraction button
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "math-insert \\frac"
-\end_inset
-
- or
-\begin_inset Info
-type "icon"
arg "math-insert \\frac-square"
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- in the appearing function list.
+ in the pop-up function list.
The word
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
Toolbar
\family default
.
- The appearing dialog allows you to choose how many rows and columns you
- want in your matrix.
+ A pop-up dialog allows you to choose how many rows and columns you want
+ in your matrix.
Choose 2 rows and 3 columns and hit
\family sans
OK
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-One final note about the way displayed formulas are typeset: Be careful
+One final note about the way displayed formulas are typeset: be careful
about whether you are putting your equation into a new paragraph or not.
If your formula is in the middle of a sentence or paragraph, then do not
press
\series bold
Exercise
\series default
-: Using various tools you have learned in this section, you should be able
+: Using various tools you have learned in this section, you should be able
to write an equation like:
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Almost all you can do with math.
+Do almost all you can do with math.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Chapter
learn
\emph default
about LaTeX, and then read this chapter.
- However, some who begin to use LyX will be familiar with LaTeX.
+ However, some of those who begin to use LyX will be familiar with LaTeX.
If you are such a person, you may be wondering if LyX can really do everything
LaTeX can do.
The short answer is that LyX can do pretty much everything LaTeX can do
Objects
\emph default
- manual have a great deal of information on differences between LyX and
+ manuals have a great deal of information on differences between LyX and
LaTeX, and how to do various LaTeX tricks in LyX.
\end_layout
\family sans
Space
\family default
- or some other non-alphabetic character, like a number, underscore, caret,
+ or some other non-alphabetic character, like a number, underscore, caret
or parenthesis.
Once you exit TeX mode, if LyX knows the TeX command you have typed in,
it will convert it to WYSIWYM\SpecialChar \@.
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff