#LyX 2.2 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 501
+\lyxformat 508
\begin_document
\begin_header
-\origin unavailable
+\save_transient_properties true
+\origin /systemlyxdir/doc/
\textclass scrartcl
\begin_preamble
% DO NOT ALTER THIS PREAMBLE!!!
% the documentation team
% email: lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org
-% if pdflatex is used
-\usepackage{ifpdf}
-\ifpdf
-
-% set fonts for nicer pdf view
-\IfFileExists{lmodern.sty}
- {\usepackage{lmodern}}{}
-
-\fi % end if pdflatex is used
-
% solves the following problem:
% If the dection number consits of too many numerals the section heading
% will be printed in the TOC without a space between it and the section number.
\language_package default
\inputencoding auto
\fontencoding global
-\font_roman "default" "default"
-\font_sans "default" "default"
-\font_typewriter "default" "default"
+\font_roman "lmodern" "default"
+\font_sans "lmss" "default"
+\font_typewriter "lmtt" "default"
\font_math "auto" "auto"
\font_default_family default
\use_non_tex_fonts false
\font_sf_scale 100 100
\font_tt_scale 100 100
\graphics default
-\default_output_format default
+\default_output_format pdf2
\output_sync 0
\bibtex_command default
\index_command default
\family sans
-Version 2.1.x
+Version 2.2.x
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series bold
-http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/DocumentationDevelopment#Math
+http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/Manuals#Math
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-böp
+bp
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
dfrac
\series default
.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
or the table toolbar button
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular append-row"
+arg "tabular-feature append-row"
\end_inset
.
every character can be displayed canceled.
The characters are quasi accentuated by a slash.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
the following problem occurs:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/phantom.png
- scale 85
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math/phantom"
\end_inset
that creates one or more phantom characters.
The arrows indicate that the complete width and height of the box content
will be created as placeholder.
Phantom characters are accordingly placeholders with the size of the characters.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/vphantom.png
- scale 85
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math/vphantom"
\end_inset
) and
\end_inset
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math/hphantom.png
- scale 85
-
+\begin_inset Info
+type "icon"
+arg "math/hphantom"
\end_inset
).
, \SpecialChar LaTeX
decides on the basis of the next character what type is used.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular append-row"
+arg "tabular-feature append-row"
\end_inset
,
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular delete-row"
+arg "tabular-feature delete-row"
\end_inset
, etc.
\begin_layout Standard
These commands are used to emphasize levels of brackets:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
Here is an overview about all bracket sizes:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
In the following table is a comparison of the variants:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series default
the wanted bracket must be inserted.
The bracket size will then automatically be calculated for the output.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
always
\family default
, you have access to square backets:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series default
you can change the thickness of the bracket's stroke by specifying the
desired thickness in square brackets behind the command:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
The command scheme is for all these arrows:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Space
\family default
afterwards.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
contrary to the other sizes, because it is a negative
space.
There are two more negative spaces:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
useful for summation operators:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
To suppress this, the equal sign is placed into a \SpecialChar TeX
brace.
The following example demonstrates this:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
fbox
\series default
.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
and
\series bold
yellow
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
times the frame separation and the frame thickness must be subtracted from
the line width.
- As this is not automatically done by \SpecialChar LyX
- due to a bug
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #4483"
-target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/4483"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-, \SpecialChar TeX
- mode has to be used.
To be able to multiply and subtract in arguments, the \SpecialChar LaTeX
-package
\series bold
\begin_layout Standard
Limits are created by super- and subscripts:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
Result
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Shortcut
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-bold"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-boldsymbol"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}
-\end_inset
-
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
Result
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Shortcut
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-roman"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-sans"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-typewriter"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
</cell>
-</row>
-</lyxtabular>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-\end_inset
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
-\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\begin_layout Standard
An overview about the different Euro symbols:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
.
- Therefore there are predefined functionswhich are additionally a bit separated
+ Therefore there are predefined functions which are additionally a bit separated
from prefactors.
They are inserted as commands starting with a backslash before their name.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
limsup
\series default
the following functions are defined:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
To get these characters you have to insert them with a leading
\backslash
:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\aa}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{å}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Itemize
There are two different alignment styles:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
And two different numbering styles:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
inside a formula.
This creates either an
\series bold
-eqnarray environment
+align environment
\series default
that is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "subsec:Eqnarray-Environment"
+reference "subsec:Standard-align-Environment"
\end_inset
- or, when the option
+ or, when automatically loading the package
\family sans
-Use AMS math package
+ AMS math
\family default
- in the document settings is selected, an
+ is disabled in the document settings, an
\series bold
-align environment
+eqnarray environment
\series default
that is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "subsec:Standard-align-Environment"
+reference "subsec:Eqnarray-Environment"
\end_inset
To add or delete lines, the math toolbar buttons
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular append-row"
+arg "tabular-feature append-row"
\end_inset
or
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular delete-row"
+arg "tabular-feature delete-row"
\end_inset
, respectively, or the menu
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsubsection
To add or delete columns, the math toolbar buttons
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular append-column"
+arg "tabular-feature append-column"
\end_inset
or
\begin_inset Info
type "icon"
-arg "inset-modify tabular delete-column"
+arg "tabular-feature delete-column"
\end_inset
, respectively, or the menu
An example:
\begin_inset Formula
\begin{equation}
-A=C-B\label{eq:a}
+A=C-B
\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-addtocounter{equation}{-1}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
-\backslash
-addtocounter{equation}{-1}
\backslash
begin{subequations}
-\begin_inset Index idx
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! A !
-\backslash
-addtocounter
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
\backslash
end
\series default
- is subnumbered as a, b,
-\begin_inset Newline linebreak
-\end_inset
-
-c, \SpecialChar ldots
+ will be subnumbered with a, b, c, \SpecialChar ldots
+ in the output.
For multiline formulas every line will be subnumbered.
- All subnumbered formulas are treated as
-\emph on
-one
-\emph default
- numbered formula.
- But as every numbered formula increases the counter
-\series bold
-equation
-\series default
- by one, the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-addtocounter
-\series default
- is needed to decrease it.
- Otherwise the formulas
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand eqref
-reference "eq:a"
-
-\end_inset
+\end_layout
-,
+\begin_layout Standard
+Referencing subequations work like for normal equations:
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:b"
\end_inset
- would be numbered as
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand eqref
-reference "eq:a"
-
-\end_inset
-
-,
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand eqref
-reference "eq:d"
-
-\end_inset
-
-,
+.
+ If you want to reference the subequations collectively, insert a label
+ directly after
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\series default
+ and reference it.
+ Formula
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
-reference "eq:f"
+reference "eq:Here-is-an"
\end_inset
-.
+ is an example.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-By inserting the commands in \SpecialChar TeX
- mode, a space is created between the first
- two formulas.
+By inserting commands in \SpecialChar TeX
+ mode, a space is created between the first two
+ formulas.
To revert this -5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Here is an example for a multiline formula where the numbering was turned
- off for the second line:
+To get another subnumber instead of small Latin letters, insert this command
+ as TeX code after
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\series default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+theparentequation -
+\backslash
+roman{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+theparentequation
+\series default
+ creates hereby the parent number and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+roman{equation}
+\series default
+ adds a small Roman number as subnumber.
+ For more information about the customization of the numbering, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "subsec:Numbering-with-Roman"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example for a multiline formula where the numbering is customized
+ and turned off for the second line:
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "eq:Here-is-an"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+theparentequation -
+\backslash
+roman{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Formula
\begin{eqnarray}
-A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\label{eq:d}\\
+A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\\
& = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{2}\nonumber \\
- & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f}
+ & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}
\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Numbering with Roman Numbers and Letters
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "subsec:Numbering-with-Roman"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\series default
to a formula a new blue box appears where chemical formulas can be inserted
in an intuitive way.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
A test of the new defined commands:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\int\left(\frac{1}{1+x^{3}}\right)dx=-\frac{\log\left(x^{2}-x+1\right)}{6}+\frac{\arctan\left(\frac{2\,x-1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\log\left(x+1\right)}{3}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ One needs to use proper delimiter insets
+\begin_inset Formula $\left(\right)$
+\end_inset
+
+ instead of simple '(' ')' characters.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $powerseries\left(-\log\left(5-x\right),x,1\right)=\sum_{{\mathit{i}_{2}}=0}^{\infty}{\frac{4^{-{\mathit{i}_{2}}-1}\,\left(x-1\right)^{{\mathit{i}_{2}}+1}}{{\mathit{i}_{2}}+1}}-\log4$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $solve\left(x_{1}+y_{1}^{3}=y_{1}+x_{1}^{2},x_{1}\right)=\left[x_{1}=-\frac{\sqrt{4\,y_{1}^{3}-4\,y_{1}+1}-1}{2},x_{1}=\frac{\sqrt{4\,y_{1}^{3}-4\,y_{1}+1}+1}{2}\right]$
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\begin_layout Standard
An example to visualize the problem:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
The following commands are defined:
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
3.
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
fraction bar is round about three times the bar thickness.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Canceled Formulas
\begin_inset Index idx
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Separator parbreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "Check list"
-target "http://physics.nist.gov/Document/checklist.pdf"
+target "http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/sec11.html"
\end_inset
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff