-#LyX 1.6.0beta3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 335
+#LyX 1.6.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 340
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass scrartcl
\DeclareInputText{183}{\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi}
% increase link area for cross-references and autoname them,
-% see sec. 22.18.1
\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand{\ref}[1]{\mbox{\autoref{#1}}}}
-%\renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
-\renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
-\renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
\newlength{\abc}
\settowidth{\abc}{\space}
-\renewcommand{\equationautorefname}{\hspace{-\abc}}
+\addto\extrasenglish{
+ \renewcommand{\equationautorefname}{\hspace{-\abc}}
+ \renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
+ \renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
+ \renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}}
% don't load packages twice
% see first footnote in sec. 9.3
% the pages of the TOC are numbered roman
% and a PDF-bookmark for the TOC is added
-\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\pagenumbering{roman}
\let\myTOC\tableofcontents
\renewcommand{\tableofcontents}{%
\vspace{1cm}
- \pdfbookmark[1]{Contents}{}
+ \pdfbookmark[1]{\contentsname}{}
\myTOC
\cleardoublepage
\pagenumbering{arabic}}
% insert additional vertical space of 1.5 mm between footnotes,
-% see sec. 22.16
\let\myFoot\footnote
\renewcommand{\footnote}[1]{\myFoot{#1\vspace{1.5mm}}}
% provides caption formatting
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries}
-% used in Kap. 22.4
-\usepackage{braket}
-
% used in Kap. 22.6
\usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
-% needed for diagrams
-\usepackage{amscd}
-
% needed in sec. 19.4
\usepackage{remreset}
\renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout}
{\textcolor{blue}\bgroup}{\egroup}
+% ------------------------------------
+% used to check for needed LaTeX packages
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+
% check for package eurosym
% used for the Euro symbol
\newboolean{eurosym}
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100
\font_tt_scale 100
+
\graphics default
\paperfontsize 12
\spacing single
\begin_layout Section
Introduction
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sec:Introduction"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Section
General Instructions
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sec:General-Instructions"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-T@
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-TeX-mode
+T@TeX-mode
\end_layout
\end_inset
or by using the menu
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-T
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-e
+Te
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
+{}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-To avoid that these names are recognized as proper names, TeX-braces are
- set around one of the letters of the name.
+To avoid that these names are recognized as proper names, a TeX-brace pair
+ is inserted.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\family sans
Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-La
+LaT
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-T
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
+{}
\end_layout
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-T@
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-TeX-braces
+T@TeX-braces
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection*
-Used units
+Available units
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "tab:Used-units"
+name "tab:Available-units"
\end_inset
-Used units
+Available units
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}B^{V}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}B^{V}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}B^{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}B^{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\frac{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\frac{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7mm}{}\dfrac{A}{B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7mm}{}\dfrac{A}{B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {8mm}{}\dfrac{e^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{8mm}{}\dfrac{e^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
-\textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash frac}} & & \textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}}\\
-\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac {A}{B+\cfrac {C+\cfrac {E}{F}}{D}}\end{align*}
+\textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash frac}} & & \textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}}\\
+\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\cfrac{E}{F}}{D}}\end{align*}
\end_inset
\series bold
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac [l]{A}{B+C}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}$
\end_inset
,
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac {A}{B+C}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac{A}{B+C}$
\end_inset
,
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac [r]{A}{B+C}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}$
\end_inset
\series default
:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\cfrac {A}{B+\cfrac {C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}\]
+\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}\]
\end_inset
\backslash
nicefrac
+\series default
+
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\end_inset
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\series bold
+\backslash
+unitfrac
\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! U !
+\backslash
+unitfrac
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
:
-\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac{5}{31}$
+\end_inset
+
+ There is furthermore the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfracthree
+\series default
+ that offers to write a fraction in combination with a number:
+\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac[2]{1}{3}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Note that
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfracthree
+\series default
+ is not a real LaTeX command but the command
+\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfrac[number]{numerator}{denominator}
+\series default
+, therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sqrt{A-B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sqrt{A-B}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sqrt[3]{A-B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sqrt[3]{A-B}$
\end_inset
\series default
produces a correct typeset formula:
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[\leftroot {-1}\uproot {2}\beta]{B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[\leftroot{-1}\uproot{2}\beta]{B}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Binomial coefficients
+Binomial Coefficients
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Binomial coefficient s
+Binomial coefficients
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\binom{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\binom{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\dbinom{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\dbinom{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\tbinom{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\tbinom{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}{A \brack B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}{A \brack B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}{A \brace B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}{A \brace B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Case differentiations
+Case Differentiations
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $_{9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $_{9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{1}9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{1}9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{23}9}^{235}\mathrm{F}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{23}9}^{235}\mathrm{F}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\Lambda_{MMt}^{\phantom{ii}t}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\Lambda_{MMt}^{\phantom{ii}t}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\overline{A+B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\overline{A+B}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\underline{A+B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\underline{A+B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\overline{\underline{A+B}}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\overline{\underline{A+B}}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
It is possible to place up to 6 lines above or below characters.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+Custom lines can be created using the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! R !
+\backslash
+rule
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ which has the following scheme:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule[vertical offset]{length}{thickness}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The optional vertical offset shifts the line upwards (or downwards, when
+ the value is negative).
+ The units listed in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Available-units"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ can be used for the values.
+ Here are two example lines created with the commands
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule{2cm}{1pt}
+\series default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a sentence
+\begin_inset Formula $\rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}\rule{2cm}{1pt}$
+\end_inset
+
+ with two lines.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule
+\series default
+ can also be used for text when it is inserted in TeX-mode.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Ellipses
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Ellipses"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_inset Formula \[
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D\\
-\hdotsfor [2]{4}\\
+\hdotsfor[2]{4}\\
q & w & e & r\end{array}\right)\]
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $A\dotfill B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\dotfill B$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $A\hrulefill B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hrulefill B$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{bmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{Bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{Bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{pmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{pmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{pmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{pmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{vmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{Vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{Vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{matrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{matrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{matrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{matrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $((A+B)(A-B))^{C}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $((A+B)(A-B))^{C}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Big ((A+B)(A-B)\Big )^{C}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Big((A+B)(A-B)\Big)^{C}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
-\begin_inset Formula $\Bigg (\exp\bigg <\Big [\big \{\ln(3x)\big \}^{2}\sin(x)\Big ]^{A}\bigg >\Bigg )^{0,5}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sin(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
Besides the
\series bold
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5.5mm}{}\Bigm(\bigm(\ln(3x)\bigm)^{2}\Bigm)\raisebox {-3.25mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5.5mm}{}\Bigm(\bigm(\ln(3x)\bigm)^{2}\Bigm)\raisebox{-3.25mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5.5mm}{}\Big (\big (\ln(3x)\big )^{2}\Big )\raisebox {-3.25mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5.5mm}{}\Big(\big(\ln(3x)\big)^{2}\Big)\raisebox{-3.25mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5.5mm}{}\Bigl(\bigl(\ln(3x)\bigr)^{2}\Bigr)\raisebox {-3.25mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5.5mm}{}\Bigl(\bigl(\ln(3x)\bigr)^{2}\Bigr)\raisebox{-3.25mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\bigl)\ln(3x)\bigr(\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\bigl)\ln(3x)\bigr(\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
needed for physical vectors:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left\langle \phi\:\middle |\: J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle \]
+\left\langle \phi\:\middle|\: J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle \]
\end_inset
or the commands listed in the following subsections.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Horizontal Arrows
\begin_inset Index
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}F(a)\xleftarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(x)\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}F(a)\xleftarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(x)\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}F(x)\xrightarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(a)\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}F(x)\xrightarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(a)\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\dot{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\dot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\ddot{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ddot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\dddot{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\dddot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\ddddot {A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ddddot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\vec{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\vec{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\bar{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\bar{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\mathring{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\mathring{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\tilde{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\tilde{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\hat{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\hat{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\check{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\check{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\acute{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\acute{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\grave{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\grave{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\breve{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\breve{A}$
\end_inset
\backslash
raisebox
\series default
- is only used as spacer.
+ and the 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt space are only used as spacer.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
+\length 0pt
+\end_inset
+
\lang ngerman
+
\begin_inset Formula $"i$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\ddot{i}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ddot{i}$
\end_inset
\series default
produces:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sideset {}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\]
+\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Accents for several Characters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Accents-for-several"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\overleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\overleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\underleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\underleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\overleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\overleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\underleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\underleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\overrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\overrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\underrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\underrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\widetilde{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\widetilde{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\widehat{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\widehat{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sum\sum f_{kl}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sum\sum f_{kl}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sum\negmedspace\sum f_{kl}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sum\negmedspace\sum f_{kl}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}$
\end_inset
equation without space
For the length all units listed in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "tab:Used-units"
+reference "tab:Available-units"
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A=B\hspace {3cm}A\not=C$
+\begin_inset Formula $A=B\hspace{3cm}A\not=C$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace {-1mm}A\not=A$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace{-1mm}A\not=A$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A=A\hfill B=B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A=A\hfill B=B$
\end_inset
.)
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hfill
+\series default
+, there are the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+dotfill
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hrulefill
+\series default
+ that fill the space with a pattern, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Ellipses"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for an example.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
For text, variable space can be inserted via the menu
\family sans
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Frames | see
+Frames | see
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula \raisebox {6mm}{}\fbox{$\int A=B$}\raisebox {-4mm}{}
-
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{$\int A=B$}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {8.5mm}{}\boxed{\int A=B}\raisebox {-6.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{8.5mm}{}\boxed{\int A=B}\raisebox{-6.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}A+\fbox{B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}A+\fbox{B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox {2mm}{al}lo$
+\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox{2mm}{al}lo$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox {-2mm}{al}lo$
+\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox{-2mm}{al}lo$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\colorbox {yellow}{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\colorbox{yellow}{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\colorbox {green}{\fbox{A=B}}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\colorbox{green}{\fbox{A=B}}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\fbox{\colorbox {green}{A=B}}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{\colorbox{green}{A=B}}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\fcolorbox {cyan}{magenta}{A=B}\]
+\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}\]
\end_inset
\series default
:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\colorbox {darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\end{equation}
+\colorbox{darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\iint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\iint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\oiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\oiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sqiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sqiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\iiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\iiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\iiiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\iiiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\dotsint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\dotsint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\prod_{0}^{\infty}A(x)\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\prod_{0}^{\infty}A(x)\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
to create the lower limit.
The summand is now directly behind the summation operator:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum_{\mathclap {\substack{0<k<1000\\
+\sum_{\mathclap{\substack{0<k<1000\\
\\k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}}
}}^{n}k^{-2}\]
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Binary Operators
\begin_inset CommandInset label
:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Lozenge _{n=1}^{\infty}\]
+\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathop {\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}\]
+\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}\]
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
--
+Ctrl-b
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c b
+Alt-c b or Ctrl-Alt-b
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash mathbf}\]
+\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash mathbf}\]
\end_inset
\series default
is used:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash boldsymbol}}\]
+\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash boldsymbol}}\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Colored Formulas
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula ! colored
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Formulas can be colored like normal text: Highlight a formula or a formula
+ part and use the
+\family sans
+Text Style
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ Here is a formula in magenta:
+\begin_inset Formula \[
+{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also define your own colors as described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Colored-Boxes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ They can be used with the TeX code command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textcolor
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! T !
+\backslash
+textcolor
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the scheme
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textcolor{color}{characters or formula}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The following example was colored completely dark green and partly red:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+textcolor{darkgreen}{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula \[
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Due to a bug in LyX only complete formulas can be colored with self-defined
+ colors.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "LyX-bug #5269"
+target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5269"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\maltese A\textrm{\Large \maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny \maltese\textit{A}}\]
+\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Small Letters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Small-Letters"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
varGamma
\series default
produces:
-\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\dag $
+\begin_inset Formula $\dag$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ddag $
+\begin_inset Formula $\ddag$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\pounds $
+\begin_inset Formula $\pounds$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\P $
+\begin_inset Formula $\P$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\copyright $
+\begin_inset Formula $\copyright$
\end_inset
More symbols are listed in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Miscellaneous-Special-Characters"
+reference "sub:Miscellaneous-special-Characters"
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\euro $
+\begin_inset Formula $\euro$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}A(r)\stackrel{r\to\infty}{\approx}B$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}A(r)\stackrel{r\to\infty}{\approx}B$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Newpage pagebreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\sgn (x)+B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\sgn(x)+B$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varliminf $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varliminf$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varlimsup $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varlimsup$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varprojlim $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varprojlim$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varinjlim $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varinjlim$
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\hspace {1cm}\raisebox {5mm}{}\lim_{x\to A}x=B$
+\begin_inset Formula $\hspace{1cm}\raisebox{5mm}{}\lim_{x\to A}x=B$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
The variants in a displayed formula:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
-\underline{\textrm{Command}\raisebox {-0.9mm}{}} & & \underline{\textrm{Result}}\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\mod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\pmod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\bmod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\pod b\end{align*}
+\underline{\textrm{Command}\raisebox{-0.9mm}{}} & & \underline{\textrm{Result}}\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\mod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pmod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\bmod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pod b\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\oe }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{œ}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\OE }$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-ae
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\ae }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Œ}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-AE
+ae
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\AE }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{æ}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-aa
+AE
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\aa }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Æ}$
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-AA
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
+aa
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\aa}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-@
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-textrm
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
+AA
+\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
+@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-AA
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
+\backslash
+textrm{
+\backslash
+AA}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\AA}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Å}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\i }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ı}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\o }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ø}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\O}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Ø}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\l }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ł}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\L }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Ł}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\j }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ȷ}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
oldstylenums{0123456789
\series default
produces:
-\begin_inset Formula $\oldstylenums {0123456789}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\oldstylenums{0123456789}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Miscellaneous Special Characters
+Miscellaneous special Characters
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Miscellaneous-Special-Characters"
+name "sub:Miscellaneous-special-Characters"
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\_{} {}{}{}{}{}{}{}{}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\_$
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-°
+
+\backslash
+@°
\end_layout
\end_inset
\backslash
textdegree
\backslash
-f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{}
-i}
+fi}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
\family default
\series default
inside a formula.
- This creates an
+ This creates either an
+\series bold
+eqnarray environment
+\series default
+ that is described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Eqnarray-Environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or, when the option
+\family sans
+Use AMS math package
+\family default
+ in the document settings is selected, an
\series bold
align environment
\series default
\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
H & = & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\nonumber \\
- & & -\hspace {3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:kurzlang}\end{eqnarray}
+ & & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:kurzlang}\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}}\nonumber \\
- & & -\hspace {3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
+ & & -\hspace{3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
& & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn}\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
cm space was inserted at the beginning of the second formula:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{alignat*}{2}
-A & =\sin(B) & \hspace {1cm}C & =D\\
+A & =\sin(B) & \hspace{1cm}C & =D\\
C & \ne A & B & \ne D\end{alignat*}
\end_inset
:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
-\hspace {30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {}\end{flalign}
+\hspace{30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {}\end{flalign}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Eqnarray Environment
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Eqnarray-Environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
-\shoveleft {-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
+\shoveleft{-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\end{multline}
\end_inset
in the aligned environment:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}H=\; & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\\
- & -\hspace {3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\end{aligned}
+ & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
\end_inset
An example where the text was inserted at the beginning of the second line:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{align}
I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
-\intertext {\text{integrand is symmetric to $\phi=\pi$, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\end{align}
+\intertext{\text{integrand is symmetric to $\phi=\pi$, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\end{align}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Cross-References
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cross-References"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Thus in our case the following LaTeX-preamble or ERT line is used:
+Thus in our case the following LaTeX-preamble or TeX-Code line is used:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Standard
To go back to the standard numbering or to prevent this kind of numbering
when it is defined by the document class, the following command is inserted
- as ERT or to the LaTeX-preamble:
+ as TeX-Code or to the LaTeX-preamble:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Subsection
Numbering with Roman Numbers and Letters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Numbering-with-Roman"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
that is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sec:User-defined-commands"
+reference "sec:User-defined-Commands"
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-User-defined commands
+User-defined Commands
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sec:User-defined-commands"
+name "sec:User-defined-Commands"
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\gr B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\gr B$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\us {ABcd}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\us{ABcd}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\fb {[2cm]}{}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fb{[2cm]}{}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\cb {red}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\cb{red}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\cb [green]{red}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\cb[green]{red}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Diagrams
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Diagrams
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-To create diagrams, the LaTeX-package
+LyX supports two types of commutative diagrams:
\series bold
amscd
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
+\series default
+ and
\series bold
-amscd
+xymatrix
\series default
- is part of every LaTeX standard installation.
+ that are explained in the following.
\end_layout
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series default
-
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Amscd Diagrams
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Packages ! amscd
+Diagrams ! amscd
\end_layout
\end_inset
- is needed.
- It is loaded in the LaTeX-preamble with the line
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-\backslash
-usepackage{amscd}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Diagrams visualize relations and look like this:
+Diagrams of this type visualize relations by vertical and horizontal lines
+ or arrows:
\begin_inset Formula \[
\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
@AAA@.@VVV\\
D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Xymatrix Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! xymatrix
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to use xymatrices, the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+xypic
+\series default
+ must be installed.
+ A xymatrix is created by inserting the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+xymatrix
+\series default
+ in a formula.
+ Then you are able to add new matrix columns and rows like for normal matrices,
+ see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Matrices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In contrary to amscd diagrams, xymatrices supports diagonal and curved arrows,
+ and much more.
+ All possibilities to create commutative diagrams and decorations are explained
+ in detail in this manual:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/XY-pic#xy-manual"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Comma as Decimal Separator
+Comma as decimal Separator
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Bra {\psi}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Bra{\psi}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Ket {\psi}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Ket{\psi}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Braket {\psi|\phi}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Braket{\psi|\phi}$
\end_inset
\series default
assures that all vertical bars are set in the size of the surrounding brackets:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Braket {\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}\]
+\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}\]
\end_inset
A test:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
\text{Command} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[1mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[5mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B}\\
-\text{Result} & & \fracS [1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS [5mm]{A}{B}\end{align*}
+\text{Result} & & \fracS[1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS[5mm]{A}{B}\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Canceled Formulas
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Canceled-Formulas"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\cancel {\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\cancel{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\bcancel {\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\bcancel{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\xcancel {\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\xcancel{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7mm}{}\cancelto {1}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}\hspace {3mm}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7mm}{}\cancelto{1}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}\hspace{3mm}$
\end_inset
\series default
is especially suitable to visualize the reduction of fractions within formulas:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto {2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel {1+b^{2}}}\]
+\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}\]
\end_inset
To get the same formatting as for the other headings, the complete heading
was set into a
\series bold
-boldmath environment
+boldmath
\series default
-
+ environment
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
consists of five columns whereas in the first two columns contain the equation,
the third the matrix, and the last one an empty TeX-brace.
\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
-\hspace {30pt}F_{A} & =\rho·V·g & \footnotesize \begin{array}{ll}
+\hspace{30pt}F_{A} & =\rho·V·g & \footnotesize\begin{array}{ll}
\rho & \textrm{density}\\
V & \textrm{volume}\\
g & \textrm{gravitational acceleration}\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}\end{flalign}
uptau
\series default
creates this:
-\begin_inset Formula $\uptau $
+\begin_inset Formula $\uptau$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
With these commands reactions of elementary particles can be typeset:
\begin_inset Formula \[
-\uppi ^{+}\to\upmu ^{+}+\upnu _{\upmu }\]
+\uppi^{+}\to\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
\start_of_appendix
-Typographic Advises
+Typographic Advice
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Typographic Advises
+Typographic advice
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+This convention is automatically fulfilled when the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unittwo
+\series default
+ is used.
+ When it is entered to a formula, two boxes appear.
+ In the first one the value is inserted, in the second one the unit, and
+ one gets as above:
+\begin_inset Formula $\unit[30]{km/h}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Note that
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unittwo
+\series default
+ is not a real LaTeX command but the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unit[value]{unit}
+\series default
+, therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-For dimensionings like 120×90×40
+For dimensions like 120×90×40
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff