#LyX 1.6.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 338
+\lyxformat 340
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass scrartcl
% provides caption formatting
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries}
-% used in Kap. 22.4
-\usepackage{braket}
-
% used in Kap. 22.6
\usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
-% needed for diagrams
-\usepackage{amscd}
-
% needed in sec. 19.4
\usepackage{remreset}
\begin_layout Section
Introduction
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sec:Introduction"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Section
General Instructions
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sec:General-Instructions"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection*
-Used units
+Available units
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "tab:Used-units"
+name "tab:Available-units"
\end_inset
-Used units
+Available units
\end_layout
\end_inset
\backslash
nicefrac
+\series default
+
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\end_inset
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\series bold
+\backslash
+unitfrac
\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! U !
+\backslash
+unitfrac
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
:
-\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac{5}{31}$
+\end_inset
+
+ There is furthermore the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfracthree
+\series default
+ that offers to write a fraction in combination with a number:
+\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac[2]{1}{3}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Note that
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfracthree
+\series default
+ is not a real LaTeX command but the command
+\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfrac[number]{numerator}{denominator}
+\series default
+, therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Binomial coefficients
+Binomial Coefficients
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Binomial coefficient s
+Binomial coefficients
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Case differentiations
+Case Differentiations
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
It is possible to place up to 6 lines above or below characters.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+Custom lines can be created using the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! R !
+\backslash
+rule
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ which has the following scheme:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule[vertical offset]{length}{thickness}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The optional vertical offset shifts the line upwards (or downwards, when
+ the value is negative).
+ The units listed in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Available-units"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ can be used for the values.
+ Here are two example lines created with the commands
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule{2cm}{1pt}
+\series default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a sentence
+\begin_inset Formula $\rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}\rule{2cm}{1pt}$
+\end_inset
+
+ with two lines.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule
+\series default
+ can also be used for text when it is inserted in TeX-mode.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Ellipses
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Ellipses"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
Besides the
\series bold
or the commands listed in the following subsections.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Horizontal Arrows
\begin_inset Index
\backslash
raisebox
\series default
- is only used as spacer.
+ and the 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt space are only used as spacer.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
+\length 0pt
+\end_inset
+
\lang ngerman
+
\begin_inset Formula $"i$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Accents for several Characters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Accents-for-several"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
For the length all units listed in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "tab:Used-units"
+reference "tab:Available-units"
\end_inset
.)
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hfill
+\series default
+, there are the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+dotfill
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hrulefill
+\series default
+ that fill the space with a pattern, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Ellipses"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for an example.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
For text, variable space can be inserted via the menu
\family sans
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula \raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{$\int A=B$}\raisebox{-4mm}{}
-
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{$\int A=B$}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Binary Operators
\begin_inset CommandInset label
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
--
+Ctrl-b
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c b
+Alt-c b or Ctrl-Alt-b
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Colored Formulas
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula ! colored
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Formulas can be colored like normal text: Highlight a formula or a formula
+ part and use the
+\family sans
+Text Style
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ Here is a formula in magenta:
+\begin_inset Formula \[
+{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also define your own colors as described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Colored-Boxes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ They can be used with the TeX code command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textcolor
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! T !
+\backslash
+textcolor
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the scheme
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textcolor{color}{characters or formula}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The following example was colored completely dark green and partly red:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+textcolor{darkgreen}{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula \[
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Due to a bug in LyX only complete formulas can be colored with self-defined
+ colors.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "LyX-bug #5269"
+target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5269"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\begin_layout Subsection
Small Letters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Small-Letters"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
More symbols are listed in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Miscellaneous-Special-Characters"
+reference "sub:Miscellaneous-special-Characters"
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Newpage pagebreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\backslash
-@
\backslash
textrm{
\backslash
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Miscellaneous Special Characters
+Miscellaneous special Characters
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Miscellaneous-Special-Characters"
+name "sub:Miscellaneous-special-Characters"
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-°
+
+\backslash
+@°
\end_layout
\end_inset
\family default
\series default
inside a formula.
- This creates an
+ This creates either an
+\series bold
+eqnarray environment
+\series default
+ that is described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Eqnarray-Environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or, when the option
+\family sans
+Use AMS math package
+\family default
+ in the document settings is selected, an
\series bold
align environment
\series default
\begin_layout Subsection
Eqnarray Environment
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Eqnarray-Environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Subsection
Cross-References
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cross-References"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Subsection
Numbering with Roman Numbers and Letters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Numbering-with-Roman"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
that is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sec:User-defined-commands"
+reference "sec:User-defined-Commands"
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-User-defined commands
+User-defined Commands
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sec:User-defined-commands"
+name "sec:User-defined-Commands"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Diagrams
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Diagrams
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-To create diagrams, the LaTeX-package
+LyX supports two types of commutative diagrams:
\series bold
amscd
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
+\series default
+ and
\series bold
-amscd
+xymatrix
\series default
- is part of every LaTeX standard installation.
+ that are explained in the following.
\end_layout
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series default
-
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Amscd Diagrams
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Packages ! amscd
+Diagrams ! amscd
\end_layout
\end_inset
- is needed.
- It is loaded in the LaTeX-preamble with the line
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-\backslash
-usepackage{amscd}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Diagrams visualize relations and look like this:
+Diagrams of this type visualize relations by vertical and horizontal lines
+ or arrows:
\begin_inset Formula \[
\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
@AAA@.@VVV\\
D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Xymatrix Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! xymatrix
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to use xymatrices, the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+xypic
+\series default
+ must be installed.
+ A xymatrix is created by inserting the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+xymatrix
+\series default
+ in a formula.
+ Then you are able to add new matrix columns and rows like for normal matrices,
+ see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Matrices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In contrary to amscd diagrams, xymatrices supports diagonal and curved arrows,
+ and much more.
+ All possibilities to create commutative diagrams and decorations are explained
+ in detail in this manual:
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/XY-pic#xy-manual"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Comma as Decimal Separator
+Comma as decimal Separator
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Subsection
Canceled Formulas
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Canceled-Formulas"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Section
\start_of_appendix
-Typographic Advises
+Typographic Advice
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Typographic Advises
+Typographic advice
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+This convention is automatically fulfilled when the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unittwo
+\series default
+ is used.
+ When it is entered to a formula, two boxes appear.
+ In the first one the value is inserted, in the second one the unit, and
+ one gets as above:
+\begin_inset Formula $\unit[30]{km/h}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Note that
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unittwo
+\series default
+ is not a real LaTeX command but the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unit[value]{unit}
+\series default
+, therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-For dimensionings like 120×90×40
+For dimensions like 120×90×40
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff