-#LyX 1.6.1svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+#LyX 1.6.4svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
\lyxformat 345
\begin_document
\begin_header
% the documentation team
% email: lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org
-
% if pdflatex is used
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
\family sans
-Version 1.6.0
+Version 2.0.x
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
This mode is invoked with the the shortcut
\begin_inset Info
type "shortcut"
-arg "math-mode"
+arg "font-default"
\end_inset
or by the insertion of the command
\series bold
\backslash
-cfrac{A
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
-\end_inset
+cfrac
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-{B+
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+B+
\backslash
-cfrac{C+
+cfrac
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
\backslash
-cfrac{E
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+spce
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
+C+
+\backslash
+cfrac
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
\backslash
-{F
-\begin_inset Formula $\to\to$
+spce
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
+E
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-{D
+F
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+D
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series default
sets the fraction always in the size of a displayed formula, also when
it is part of another fraction.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is possible to specify the alignment of the numerator.
+ The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cfracleft
+\series default
+ is used to left align it, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cfracright
+\series default
+ to right-align it.
\series bold
\backslash
cfrac
\series default
- has the following command scheme:
+ centers the numerator.
+ These fractions demonstrate the different alignments:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac{A}{B+C}$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}$
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-\backslash
-cfrac[numerator position]{numerator}{denominator}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The numerator position can be
-\emph on
-l
-\emph default
- ,
-\emph on
-c
-\emph default
-, or
-\emph on
-r
-\emph default
- .
- l or r aligns the numerator to the left or right, resp.
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
-with the fraction stroke.
- When
-\emph on
-c
-\emph default
- or no position is given, the numerator appears centered.
- These fractions demonstrate the different alignments:
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+\backslash
+cfracleft
+\series default
+ and
\series bold
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}$
-\end_inset
+\backslash
+cfracright
+\series default
+ are no real LaTeX commands but represent the command
+\series bold
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac{A}{B+C}$
-\end_inset
+\backslash
+cfrac[alignment]{numerator}{denominator}
+\series default
+ .
+ Therefore you cannot use them in TeX code.
+\end_layout
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Note that
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+
\series bold
\backslash
\backslash
unitfrac[number]{numerator}{denominator}
\series default
-, therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
+ .
+ Therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-More about chemical symbols is written in
+Typesetting isotopes and chemical symbols is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1505"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1505"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1505"
\end_inset
\end_inset
).
- A blue
+ A
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-\series bold
\color blue
\begin_inset ERT
\end_inset
-\series default
\color inherit
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Space with a defined length can be inserted in LyX with the command
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
+Space with a defined length can be inserted with the command
\series bold
\backslash
-hspace{length}
+hspace
\series default
\begin_inset Index
\end_inset
.
- For the length all units listed in
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "tab:Available-units"
+ Then a long
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+\color blue
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\color inherit
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- are allowed, except of the unit
+ appears.
+ The length can be specified by left-clicking on the
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-mu
+
+\color blue
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\color inherit
+
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Command
+Command (
+\backslash
+hspace length)
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A=B
\backslash
-hspace{3cm
+hspace
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset
A
\backslash
-not=C
+not=C (3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm)
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
-hspace{-1mm
+hspace
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset
A
\backslash
-not=A
+not=A (-1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mm)
\end_layout
\end_inset
Space
\family default
-, what is not possible in formulas:
+:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
- within this box
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Due to a bug in LyX it is not possible to create a new formula with
-\family sans
-Ctrl+M
-\family default
-, see
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-, because the box content will otherwise be treated as mathematical text.
+ within this box, because the box content will otherwise be treated as mathemati
+cal text.
When
\series bold
\backslash
fbox
\series default
- is not suitable to frame displayed formulas, because the formula will always
+ is not suitable to frame displayed formulas because the formula will always
be set in the size of the text.
\series bold
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
-\begin_inset Note Note
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-The table has been set into a minipage to make the footnote appearing.
- Otherwise the footnote text would not be displayed.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Box Frameless
-position "c"
-hor_pos "c"
-has_inner_box 1
-inner_pos "c"
-use_parbox 0
-width "100col%"
-special "none"
-height "1in"
-height_special "totalheight"
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Command
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Due to a bug in LyX it is not possible to create a new formula with
-\family sans
-Ctrl+m
-\family default
-, see
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{$\int A=B$}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{\ensuremath{\int A=B}}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\framebox[20mm][]{$\frac{A}{B}$}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\framebox[20mm][]{\ensuremath{\frac{A}{B}}}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
fbox
\series default
.
+
+\series medium
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ For
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ this extra formula is created by pressing
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+ twice instead of once because LyX doesn't yet support
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ directly.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Ctrl+M
\family default
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+
\backslash
sqrt
\begin_inset ERT
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-$A=
-\backslash
-raisebox{-2mm}{$
-\backslash
-sqrt{B}$}$
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset Formula $A=\raisebox{-2mm}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\sqrt{B}}}}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The last formula can currently only be created using TeX-mode because LyX
- inserts a box instead of the needed extra formula.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-see
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series default
can also be part of another box (see the 2nd and 3rd example).
When the box should contain a formula, an extra formula has to be created,
- the same as for
+ the same way as for
\series bold
\backslash
-fbox
+raisebox
\series default
.
\begin_inset Foot
\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
-.
- Thereby note
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
.
\end_layout
\backslash
-{A=B
+{
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+
+\backslash
+int
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C=D
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{\colorbox{green}{A=B}}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7mm}{}\fbox{\colorbox{green}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\int C=D}}}}\raisebox{-5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #4483"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4483"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/4483"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-sum
+int
\begin_inset Index
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! S !
+Commands ! I !
\backslash
-sum
+int
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\sum$
+\begin_inset Formula $\int$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-int
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! I !
-\backslash
-int
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
+oint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\int$
+\begin_inset Formula $\oint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-intop
+ointctrclockwise
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\intop$
+\begin_inset Formula $\ointctrclockwise$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-oint
+ointclockwise
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\oint$
+\begin_inset Formula $\ointclockwise$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ointop
+sqint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ointop$
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ointctrclockwise
+fint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ointctrclockwise$
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\fint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ointclockwise
+landupint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ointclockwise$
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\landupint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-sqint
+landdownint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqint$
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\landdownint$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
<features>
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\backslash
+sum
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! S !
+\backslash
+sum
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\sum$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
\backslash
prod
\begin_inset Index
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The operators
+For all integral operators there is a second version available, ending on
+
+\series bold
+op
+\series default
+:
\series bold
\backslash
intop
\series default
- and
+,
\series bold
\backslash
ointop
\series default
- are different from
+ etc..
+ These operators are different from
\series bold
\backslash
int
\series default
- and
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-oint
-\series default
-, resp.
-\begin_inset space ~
+ etc.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
in the style the operator limits are displayed, see
\begin_layout Standard
Limits of inline formulas are set right beside the operator.
Limits in displayed formulas are set above or below the operator, except
- of integral limits.
+ for integral limits.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-For integrals, except of
+For integrals, except those ending with
+\series bold
+op
+\series default
+ like
\series bold
\backslash
intop
\series default
- and
+,
\series bold
\backslash
ointop
\series default
-, the limits are by default set beside the operator.
+ etc., the limits are by default set beside the operator.
But for multiple integrals the limits are often set below the operator.
In the following example the limits type was therefore set to
\series bold
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #4091"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4091"
+name "LyX-bug #4629"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/4629"
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #5269"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5269"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/5269"
\end_inset
\series default
\series bold
-m
+M
\backslash
tiny
\begin_inset ERT
A
\backslash
,
-\begin_inset Formula $\underbrace{\textrm{sgn}}_{\textrm{Alt-m}\,\textrm{m}}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\underbrace{\textrm{sgn}}_{\textrm{Alt+M}\,\textrm{M}}$
\end_inset
(x)+B
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-hspace
-\series default
- and
+The space and
\series bold
\backslash
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The space of 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-hspace{0mm}
-\series default
- is used for separation, because otherwise the output will be ¡ and ¿ respective
-ly.
+mm is used for separation, because otherwise the output will be ¡ and ¿
+ respectively.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1505"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1505"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1505"
\end_inset
When one side of the equation is much shorther than the line width, this
one is chosen for the left side and the right side is typeset over two
lines:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
H & = & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\nonumber \\
& & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:shortlong}\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-smallskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
The minus sign at the beginning of the second line does normally not appear
as operator because it is the first character of the line.
Thus it would not be surrounded by space and could not be distinguished
from the fraction bar.
- To avoid this, space was inserted behind the minus sign with the command
-
+ To avoid this, 3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt space was inserted behind the minus sign with the command
\series bold
\backslash
-hspace{3pt}
+hspace
\series default
-
+.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_inset
-.
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
is used.
It is inserted to the first column of the first line and effects that all
further insertions overwrite the following columns:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}}\nonumber \\
& & -\hspace{3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-smallskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
After the insertion of
\series bold
, the cursor is in a purple box that is a bit shifted to the left from the
blue one.
In this the formula is inserted.
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
The content of the further lines is inserted to the second or another formula
column.
The greater the column number where it was inserted, the larger the indentation.
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1429"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1429"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1429"
\end_inset
An example where the text was inserted at the beginning of the second line:
\begin_inset Formula \begin{align}
I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
-\intertext{\text{integrand is symmetric to $\phi=\pi$, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\end{align}
+\intertext{\text{integrand is symmetric to \ensuremath{\phi=\pi}, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\end{align}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Except of inline formulas, all formulas can be numbered with two different
+Except for inline formulas, all formulas can be numbered with two different
styles, see
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Section
+Chemical Symbols and Equations
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Chemical characters ! Symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Chemical equations
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Symbols ! chemical
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An example text from chemistry:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+The
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
+\end_inset
+
+-ion reacts with two
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Na^{+}}$
+\end_inset
+
+-ions to sodium sulfate
+\begin_inset Formula $\left(\mathrm{Na_{2}SO_{4}}\right)$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The chemical equation for this is:
+\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
+\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:chem-reaction}\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This chemical equation can directly be created as formula.
+ To avoid that the symbols appear italic, everything is highlighted and
+ changed by the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-roman"
+\end_inset
+
+ to the upright font style.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+font styles
+\series bold
+
+\series default
+see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Font-Styles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A more convenient way to typeset chemical formulas is to use the command
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! C !
+\backslash
+ce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ that is available when the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! mhchem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is installed.
+ After inserting
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ to a formula a new blue box appears where chemical formulas can be inserted
+ in an intuitive way.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features>
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Result
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ is only used as spacer.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+H2CO3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{H2CO3}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+SO4^2-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{SO4^{2-}}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+(NH4)2S
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{(NH4)2S}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+KCr(SO4)2.12H2O
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{KCr(SO4)2.12H2O}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A-B
+\backslash
+dbond
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\backslash
+tbond
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+D
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{A-B\dbond C\tbond D}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+^227
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+_90
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+Th+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{_{90}^{227}Th+}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+CO2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+<=>
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2CO
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{CO2 + C <=> 2CO}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+CO2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+->[
+\backslash
+alpha][
+\backslash
+beta]
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2CO}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{CO2 + C ->[\alpha][\beta] 2CO}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Inserting a formula to a
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ box will lead to LaTeX errors.
+ In this case TeX code has to be used like for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce{$
+\backslash
+mu
+\backslash
+hyphen$Cl}
+\series default
+:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+ce{$
+\backslash
+mu
+\backslash
+hyphen$Cl}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Using
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ the command for equation
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:chem-reaction"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2Na+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+SO4^2-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+->
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Na2SO4
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ the
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+ package provides the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cf
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! C !
+\backslash
+cf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ that has to be used for special cases.
+ For more information about
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cf
+\series default
+ and more examples have a look at the documentation of
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "mhchem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Diagrams
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX supports two types of commutative diagrams:
+\series bold
+amscd
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+xymatrix
+\series default
+ that are explained in the following.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Amscd Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! amscd
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Diagrams of this type visualize relations by vertical and horizontal lines
+ or arrows:
+\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
+@AAA@.@VVV\\
+F@<<<E@<<<D\end{CD}\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To get them, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! C !
+\backslash
+CD
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ is inserted to a formula.
+ A blue box appears with two dashed lines where further commands can be
+ inserted.
+ With
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ a new line is created.
+ Horizontal relations are inserted in odd, vertical in even formula lines.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create the relations there are the following commands:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+@<<<
+\series default
+ creates a left arrow,
+\series bold
+@>>>
+\series default
+ a right arrow, and
+\series bold
+@=
+\series default
+ a long equal sign
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+@AAA
+\series default
+ creates an up arrow,
+\series bold
+@VVV
+\series default
+ an down arrow, and
+\series bold
+@|
+\series default
+ a vertical equal sign
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+@.
+
+\series default
+ is a placeholder for non-existent relations
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All arrows can be labeled as follows:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Is text inserted between the first and second < or >, resp., it is placed
+ above the arrow.
+ When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears under
+ the arrow.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+When text for vertical arrows is inserted between the first and second A
+ or V, resp., it is placed left beside the arrow.
+ When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears right
+ beside the arrow.
+ If the text contains an A or V, these letters must be set into a TeX-brace.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As example a diagram with all possible relations:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin{CD}A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F\\
+@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
+D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C\end{CD}\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The command for this is:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F Ctrl+Return
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+hphantom{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+@AmAA@.@VV
+\backslash
+{V
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+V@| Ctrl+Return
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+hphantom{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Xymatrix Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! xymatrix
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to use xymatrices, the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+xypic
+\series default
+ must be installed.
+ A xymatrix is created by inserting the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+xymatrix
+\series default
+ in a formula.
+ Then you are able to add new matrix columns and rows like for normal matrices,
+ see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Matrices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In contrary to amscd diagrams, xymatrices supports diagonal and curved arrows,
+ and much more.
+ All possibilities to create commutative diagrams and decorations are explained
+ in detail in the
+\emph on
+XY-pic manual
+\emph default
+ that you find in the menu
+\family sans
+Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Specific
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Manuals\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+XY-pic
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Manual
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Section
User-defined Commands
\begin_inset Index
Longrightarrow
\series default
, the LaTeX-preamble line is:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+\series bold
+
\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
\series default
, the argument (that should be underlined) must be taken into account.
For this the preamble line is:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+\series bold
+
\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
underline{#1}}
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-
-\series default
The character
\series bold
#
fb
\series default
:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+\series bold
+
\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
framebox#1#2{$#3$}}
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-
-\series default
The two Dollar signs creates the extra formula needed for
\series bold
\series default
where the color for the box needn't to be specified, the argument for the
color is defined optional:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+\series bold
+
\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
fcolorbox{#2}{#1}{$#3$}}
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
\begin_inset Graphics
filename clipart/macrobox.png
- lyxscale 90
- scale 90
\end_inset
\begin_inset Graphics
filename clipart/macrouse.png
- lyxscale 75
- scale 75
\end_inset
in LyX as normal text, highlighting it completely and using then the shortcut
\family sans
-Ctrl-m
+Ctrl+M
\family default
, the command will be transformed to a math macro.
Using this method you need to be careful that the
\end_inset
Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Append Argument
+Remove Last Argument
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Remove Last Argument
+Append Argument
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Insert Optional Argument
+Remove Optional Argument
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Remove Optional Argument
+Insert Optional Argument
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\family sans
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Macro
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Append Argument Eating
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Macro
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-From The Right
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math-macro-append-greedy-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
- rotateOrigin center
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\family sans
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Macro
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Append Optional Argument
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Macro
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-Eating From The Right
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename ../images/math-macro-add-greedy-optional-param.png
- BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
- rotateOrigin center
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
-</lyxtabular>
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Diagrams
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-LyX supports two types of commutative diagrams:
-\series bold
-amscd
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-xymatrix
-\series default
- that are explained in the following.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Amscd Diagrams
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Diagrams ! amscd
-\end_layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-append-greedy-param.png
+ BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
+ rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-Diagrams of this type visualize relations by vertical and horizontal lines
- or arrows:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
-@AAA@.@VVV\\
-F@<<<E@<<<D\end{CD}\]
-
\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-To get them, the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! C !
-\backslash
-CD
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series default
- is inserted to a formula.
- A blue box appears with two dashed lines where further commands can be
- inserted.
- With
-\begin_inset Info
-type "shortcut"
-arg "newline-insert newline"
-\end_inset
-
- a new line is created.
- Horizontal relations are inserted in odd, vertical in even formula lines.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-To create the relations there are the following commands:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-@<<<
-\series default
- creates a left arrow,
-\series bold
-@>>>
-\series default
- a right arrow, and
-\series bold
-@=
-\series default
- a long equal sign
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-@AAA
-\series default
- creates an up arrow,
-\series bold
-@VVV
-\series default
- an down arrow, and
-\series bold
-@|
-\series default
- a vertical equal sign
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-@.
-
-\series default
- is a placeholder for non-existent relations
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-All arrows can be labeled as follows:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Is text inserted between the first and second < or >, resp., it is placed
- above the arrow.
- When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears under
- the arrow.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-When text for vertical arrows is inserted between the first and second A
- or V, resp., it is placed left beside the arrow.
- When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears right
- beside the arrow.
- If the text contains an A or V, these letters must be set into a TeX-brace.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-As example a diagram with all possible relations:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\begin{CD}A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F\\
-@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
-D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C\end{CD}\]
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The command for this is:
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Append Argument
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-CD
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\backslash
-spce
+hphantom{
\end_layout
\end_inset
-A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F Ctrl+Return
-\begin_inset Newline newline
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{
+}
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
+Eating From The Right
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-add-greedy-optional-param.png
+ BoundingBox 0bp 5bp 20bp 25bp
+ rotateOrigin center
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-@AmAA@.@VV
-\backslash
-{V
-\series default
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-
-\series bold
-V@| Ctrl+Return
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Append Optional Argument
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
\end_inset
-
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Xymatrix Diagrams
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Diagrams ! xymatrix
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
+Eating From The Right
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-To be able to use xymatrices, the LaTeX-package
-\series bold
-xypic
-\series default
- must be installed.
- A xymatrix is created by inserting the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-xymatrix
-\series default
- in a formula.
- Then you are able to add new matrix columns and rows like for normal matrices,
- see
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sec:Matrices"
-
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-In contrary to amscd diagrams, xymatrices supports diagonal and curved arrows,
- and much more.
- All possibilities to create commutative diagrams and decorations are explained
- in detail in the
-\emph on
-XY-pic manual
-\emph default
- that you find in the menu
-\family sans
-Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Specific
-\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-Manuals\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-XY-pic
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-Manual
-\family default
-.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Chemical Symbols and Equations
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Chemical characters ! Symbols
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Chemical equations
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Symbols ! chemical
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-An example text from chemistry:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Quote
-The
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
-\end_inset
-
--ion reacts with two
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Na^{+}}$
-\end_inset
-
--ions to sodium sulfate
-\begin_inset Formula $\left(\mathrm{Na_{2}SO_{4}}\right)$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- The chemical equation for this is:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\]
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-This chemical equation can directly be created as formula.
- To avoid that the symbols appear italic, everything is highlighted and
- changed by the shortcut
-\begin_inset Info
-type "shortcut"
-arg "font-roman"
-\end_inset
-
- to the upright font style.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-font styles
-\series bold
-
-\series default
-see
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Font-Styles"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-hspace
-\series default
- and
+The space and
\series bold
\backslash
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "mhchem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/mhchem/mhchem.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! mhchem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff