-#LyX 1.6.0alpha1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 324
+#LyX 2.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 413
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass scrartcl
% the documentation team
% email: lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org
-
% if pdflatex is used
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
\DeclareInputText{183}{\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi}
% increase link area for cross-references and autoname them,
-% see sec. 22.18.1
\AtBeginDocument{\renewcommand{\ref}[1]{\mbox{\autoref{#1}}}}
-%\renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
-\renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
-\renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
\newlength{\abc}
\settowidth{\abc}{\space}
-\renewcommand{\equationautorefname}{\hspace{-\abc}}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\addto\extrasenglish{
+ \renewcommand{\equationautorefname}{\hspace{-\abc}}
+ \renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
+ \renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}
+ \renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{sec.\negthinspace}}
+}
% don't load packages twice
% see first footnote in sec. 9.3
% the pages of the TOC are numbered roman
% and a PDF-bookmark for the TOC is added
-\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\pagenumbering{roman}
\let\myTOC\tableofcontents
\renewcommand{\tableofcontents}{%
\vspace{1cm}
- \pdfbookmark[1]{Contents}{}
+ \pdfbookmark[1]{\contentsname}{}
\myTOC
\cleardoublepage
\pagenumbering{arabic}}
% insert additional vertical space of 1.5 mm between footnotes,
-% see sec. 22.16
\let\myFoot\footnote
\renewcommand{\footnote}[1]{\myFoot{#1\vspace{1.5mm}}}
% provides caption formatting
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries}
-% used in Kap. 22.4
-\usepackage{braket}
-
-% used in Kap. 22.6
+% used in sec. 23.6
\usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
-% enables calculation of values,
+% enables calculation of values
\usepackage{calc}
-% for multiple table row and column cells
-\usepackage{multirow}
+% for multiple columns used in sec. 23.7
\usepackage{multicol}
-% needed for diagrams
-\usepackage{amscd}
-
% needed in sec. 19.4
\usepackage{remreset}
-% center multirows (e.g. in sec. 13.3)
-\renewcommand{\multirowsetup}{\centering}
+% for the Fourier transformation symbol
+\usepackage{mathrsfs}
% define a color, used in sec.9.3
\definecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5}
\def\mathclap {\mathpalette \mathclapinternal}
\def\mathclapinternal #1#2{\clap{$\mathsurround =0pt #1{#2}$}}
-% redefine the greyed out note
-\renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout}
- {\textcolor{blue}\bgroup}{\egroup}
+
+% ------------------------------------
+% used to check for needed LaTeX packages
+\usepackage{ifthen}
% check for package eurosym
% used for the Euro symbol
\setboolean{eurosym}{true}}
{\setboolean{eurosym}{false}}
-% needed in sec. 22.4
% check for package braket
+% used for physical vectors
\newboolean{braket}
\IfFileExists{braket.sty}
{\usepackage{braket}
\setboolean{braket}{true}}
{\setboolean{braket}{false}}
-% needed in sec. 22.10
+% check for package cancel
+\newboolean{cancel}
+\IfFileExists{cancel.sty}
+ {\usepackage{cancel}
+ \setboolean{cancel}{true}}
+ {\setboolean{cancel}{false}}
+
% check for package upgreek
\newboolean{upgreek}
\IfFileExists{upgreek.sty}
\setboolean{upgreek}{true}}
{\setboolean{upgreek}{false}}
\end_preamble
-\options bibtotoc,idxtotoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,tablecaptionabove
+\options bibliography=totoc,index=totoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,captions=tableheading
+\use_default_options false
+\maintain_unincluded_children false
\language english
+\language_package default
\inputencoding auto
+\fontencoding global
\font_roman default
\font_sans default
\font_typewriter default
\font_default_family default
+\use_non_tex_fonts false
\font_sc false
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100
\font_tt_scale 100
+
\graphics default
+\default_output_format default
+\output_sync 0
+\bibtex_command default
+\index_command default
\paperfontsize 12
\spacing single
\use_hyperref true
\pdf_pdfborder false
\pdf_colorlinks true
\pdf_backref false
-\pdf_pagebackref false
\pdf_pdfusetitle false
-\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false, pdfpagelabels"
+\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false"
\papersize a4paper
\use_geometry false
\use_amsmath 2
\use_esint 1
+\use_mhchem 1
+\use_mathdots 1
\cite_engine basic
\use_bibtopic false
+\use_indices false
\paperorientation portrait
+\suppress_date false
+\use_refstyle 0
+\notefontcolor #0000ff
+\index Index
+\shortcut idx
+\color #008000
+\end_index
\secnumdepth 4
\tocdepth 3
\paragraph_separation skip
\bullet 3 2 7 -1
\tracking_changes false
\output_changes false
-\author ""
-\author ""
-\extra_embedded_files ""
+\html_math_output 0
+\html_css_as_file 0
+\html_be_strict false
\end_header
\begin_body
\family sans
-Version 1.6svn
+Version 2.0.x
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-To export this document to PDF, PS, or DVI the LaTeX-packages
+To export this document to PDF, PS or DVI the LaTeX-packages
\series bold
-eurosym,
+braket, cancel, eurosym,
\series default
\series bold
-multirow,
+mhchem
\series default
and
\series bold
was
\series default
- must be installed.
- If they are not installed you can export the document anyway but the sections
- where the packages are required won't appear in the output.
+ should be installed.
+ If they are not installed the document can be export anyway but the sections
+ where the packages are required will not appear in the output.
+ An exeption is
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+; if it is not installed, this file cannot be exported.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Section
Introduction
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sec:Introduction"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
It is therefore required that you have read the section
\family typewriter
Mathematical
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Formulas
Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Options
\begin_layout Section
General Instructions
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sec:General-Instructions"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
To create an inline formula
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
- that is embedded into a text line, press
-\family sans
-Ctrl-m
-\family default
+ that is embedded into a text line, use one of the shortcuts
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "math-mode"
+\end_inset
+
or the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math-mode.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_inset
To create a display style formula
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
- that will appear bigger and in an own paragraph, press
-\family sans
-Ctrl-M
-\family default
+ that will appear bigger and in an own paragraph, use one of these shortcuts:
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "math-display"
+\end_inset
+
.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
To change a display style formula to an inline formula, set the cursor into
- the formula and press
-\family sans
-Ctrl-M
-\family default
- or use the menu
+ the formula and use one of the shortcuts
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "math-mode"
+\end_inset
+
+ or the menu
\family sans
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\backslash
displaystyle
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
to a formula.
Then a new blue box appears in which the desired formula part is inserted.
\end_layout
\end_inset
Math
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
(auto)
\begin_layout Standard
The TeX-mode
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-T@
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-TeX-mode
+T@TeX-mode
\end_layout
\end_inset
is invoked by pressing the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/ert-insert.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
or by using the menu
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-T
+Te
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-e
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
+{}
\end_layout
\end_inset
X Code
\family default
(shortcut
-\family sans
-Ctrl-l
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "ert-insert"
+\end_inset
+
).
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- that appear in the output with sub- and superscript letters: TeX, LaTeX,
+ that appear in the output with sub- and superscript letters: TeX, LaTeX
and LyX
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-To avoid that these names are recognized as proper names, TeX-braces are
- set around one of the letters of the name.
+To avoid that these names are recognized as proper names, a TeX-brace pair
+ is inserted.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
To change the LaTeX-preamble
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\family sans
Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-La
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-T
+LaT
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
+{}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-To edit matrices, case differentiations, and multiline formulas subsequently,
+To edit matrices, case differentiations and multiline formulas subsequently,
the menus
\family sans
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\family sans
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Rows
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
&
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
Columns,
mathematical text
\emph default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
is used.
- This mode is invoked with the the shortcut
-\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+ This mode is invoked with the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-default"
\end_inset
-m
-\family default
or by the insertion of the command
\series bold
\backslash
text
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
.
The text appears black in LyX and can therefore be distinguished from the
other formula parts that appear blue.
To omit optional arguments, also omit the associated brackets.
The braces around the required arguments are named in this document as
TeX-braces
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-T@
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-TeX-braces
+T@TeX-braces
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
A protected space is inserted with
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Space
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "space-insert protected"
+\end_inset
+
.
\end_layout
textvisiblespace
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
denotes a space character to be input.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection*
-Used units
+Available units
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "tab:Used-units"
+name "tab:Available-units"
\end_inset
-Used units
+Available units
\end_layout
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Inch (1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
in = 2,54
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Point (72.27
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt = 1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
in)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Pica (1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pc = 12
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
scaled point (65536
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
sp = 1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
big point (72
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
bp = 1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
in)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Didot (1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
dd
\end_inset
0.376
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Cicero (1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cc = 12
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
dd)
\begin_layout Plain Layout
math unit (1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mu =
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
em)
\begin_layout Subsection
Exponents
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
and Indices
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math-subscript.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
or via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math-superscript.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}B^{V}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}B^{V}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}B^{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}B^{A}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
frac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/frac.png
- embed ""
scale 50
\end_inset
With the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/frac-square.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\backslash
dfrac
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
a fraction can be created that has in any case the size of a display style
formula.
With
\backslash
tfrac
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
the fraction appears always with the size of an inline formula.
An example:
\end_layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\frac{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\frac{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7mm}{}\dfrac{A}{B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7mm}{}\dfrac{A}{B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {8mm}{}\dfrac{e^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{8mm}{}\dfrac{e^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
cfrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
can be used.
- Here an example:
+ Here is an example:
\begin_inset VSpace -3mm
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
-\textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash frac}} & & \textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}}\\
-\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac {A}{B+\cfrac {C+\cfrac {E}{F}}{D}}\end{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
+\textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash frac}} & & \textrm{created with \textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}}\\
+\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} & & \cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\cfrac{E}{F}}{D}}
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\series bold
\backslash
-cfrac{A
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
-\end_inset
+cfrac
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-{B+
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+B+
\backslash
-cfrac{C+
+cfrac
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
\backslash
-cfrac{E
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+spce
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
+C+
+\backslash
+cfrac
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
\backslash
-{F
-\begin_inset Formula $\to\to$
+spce
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
+E
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-{D
+F
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+D
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series default
sets the fraction always in the size of a displayed formula, also when
it is part of another fraction.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+It is possible to specify the alignment of the numerator.
+ The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cfracleft
+\series default
+ is used to left align it, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cfracright
+\series default
+ to right-align it.
\series bold
\backslash
cfrac
\series default
- has the following command scheme:
+ centers the numerator.
+ These fractions demonstrate the different alignments:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac{A}{B+C}$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}$
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-\backslash
-cfrac[numerator position]{numerator}{denominator}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The numerator position can be
-\emph on
-l
-\emph default
- ,
-\emph on
-c
-\emph default
-, or
-\emph on
-r
-\emph default
- .
- l or r aligns the numerator to the left or right, resp.
-\begin_inset Space ~
-\end_inset
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
-with the fraction stroke.
- When
-\emph on
-c
-\emph default
- or no position is given, the numerator appears centered.
- These fractions demonstrate the different alignments:
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+\backslash
+cfracleft
+\series default
+ and
\series bold
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac [l]{A}{B+C}$
-\end_inset
+\backslash
+cfracright
+\series default
+ are no real LaTeX commands but represent the command
+\series bold
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac {A}{B+C}$
-\end_inset
+\backslash
+cfrac[alignment]{numerator}{denominator}
+\series default
+ .
+ Therefore you cannot use them in TeX code.
+\end_layout
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $\cfrac [r]{A}{B+C}$
\end_inset
frac
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\cfrac {A}{B+\cfrac {C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
nicefrac
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
+\end_inset
+
+ or
+\series bold
+\backslash
+unitfrac
\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! U !
+\backslash
+unitfrac
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
:
-\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac{5}{31}$
+\end_inset
+
+ There is furthermore the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfracthree
+\series default
+ that offers to write a fraction in combination with a number:
+\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac[2]{1}{3}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfracthree
+\series default
+ is not a real LaTeX command but the command
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unitfrac[number]{numerator}{denominator}
+\series default
+ .
+ Therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Roots
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
sqrt
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/sqrt.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
root
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or with the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/root.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sqrt{A-B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sqrt{A-B}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sqrt[3]{A-B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sqrt[3]{A-B}$
\end_inset
leftroot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
uproot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
produces a correct typeset formula:
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[\leftroot {-1}\uproot {2}\beta]{B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[\leftroot{-1}\uproot{2}\beta]{B}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Binomial coefficients
-\begin_inset Index
+Binomial Coefficients
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Binomial coefficient s
+Binomial coefficients
\end_layout
\end_inset
binom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or with the submenu of the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/frac-square.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\backslash
dbinom
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
and
\series bold
tbinom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
+.
+ For other brackets around binomial coeficients there are the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+brace
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! B !
+\backslash
+brace
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+brack
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! B !
+\backslash
+brack
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\binom{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\binom{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\dbinom{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\dbinom{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\tbinom{A}{B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\tbinom{A}{B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+brack
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+B
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}{A \brack B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+brace
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+B
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}{A \brace B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Case differentiations
-\begin_inset Index
+Case Differentiations
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
B>0
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-Ctrl-Enter
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{cases}
A & \textrm{for }x>0\\
-B & \textrm{for }x=0\end{cases}$
+B & \textrm{for }x=0
+\end{cases}$
\end_inset
or the usage of the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/cases.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
you can create new lines with the shortcut
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
or the table toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-row.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Negations
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
not
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
When displaying e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
isotopes
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-More about chemical symbols is written in
+Typesetting isotopes and chemical symbols is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $_{9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $_{9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
phantom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
or the math toolbar button
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
can be found in the submenu of the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/space.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/phantom.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{1}9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{1}9}^{19}\mathrm{F}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{23}9}^{235}\mathrm{F}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{}_{\phantom{23}9}^{235}\mathrm{F}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\Lambda_{MMt}^{\phantom{ii}t}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\Lambda_{MMt}^{\phantom{ii}t}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
vphantom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/vphantom.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
hphantom
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
(toolbar button
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/hphantom.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Placeholders can also be used for text when it is inserted via the menu
+
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Phantom
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a sentence.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom Phantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is a sentence.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Lines
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
A+B
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\overline{A+B}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\overline{A+B}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
A+B
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\underline{A+B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\underline{A+B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\overline{\underline{A+B}}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\overline{\underline{A+B}}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
To double underline e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
- results, one uses
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+results, one uses
\series bold
\backslash
It is possible to place up to 6 lines above or below characters.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+Custom lines can be created using the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! R !
+\backslash
+rule
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ which has the following scheme:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule[vertical offset]{length}{thickness}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The optional vertical offset shifts the line upwards (or downwards, when
+ the value is negative).
+ The units listed in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "tab:Available-units"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ can be used for the values.
+ Here are two example lines created with the commands
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule{2cm}{1pt}
+\series default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a sentence
+\begin_inset Formula $\rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}\rule{2cm}{1pt}$
+\end_inset
+
+ with two lines.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+rule
+\series default
+ can also be used for text when a line is inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Horizontal
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\family default
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a sentence
+\begin_inset CommandInset line
+LatexCommand rule
+offset "0.5ex"
+width "3cm"
+height "1pt"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ with one line.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Ellipses
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Ellipses"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
In the math toolbar in the submenu of the button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/ldots.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
ldots
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
cdots
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
dots
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
</cell>
</row>
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+iddots
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\iddots$
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
3×3
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix with the different dots
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{ccc}
A_{11} & \cdots & A_{1m}\\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\
-A_{n1} & \cdots & A_{nm}\end{array}$
+A_{n1} & \cdots & A_{nm}
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Special
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Character
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
+To use
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+iddots
+\series default
+, one of the options
+\family sans
+Use mathdots package (automatically)
+\family default
+ must be set in the document settings under
+\family sans
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Options
+\family default
+.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Using the option
+\family sans
+Use mathdots package
+\family default
+ will improve the appearance of all dots in the documents if their font
+ style or size is not the default.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
Specially for matrices there are ellipses that span over several columns.
They are created with the command
\series bold
hdotsfor
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
dots
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D\\
-\hdotsfor [2]{4}\\
-q & w & e & r\end{array}\right)\]
+\hdotsfor[2]{4}\\
+q & w & e & r
+\end{array}\right)
+\]
\end_inset
dotfill
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $A\dotfill B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\dotfill B$
\end_inset
hrulefill
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $A\hrulefill B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hrulefill B$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Matrices can be inserted via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/dialog-show_mathmatrix.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
Matrix
\family default
.
- You will be asked for the number of matrix columns and rows, and the alignment.
+ In the matrix dialog you can specify the number of columns and rows, the
+ alignment and the decoration.
The vertical alignment is hereby only of importance for matrices in inline
formulas:
\end_layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}[t]{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
-C & F & I & L\end{array}$
+C & F & I & L
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
, the second middle
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
-C & F & I & L\end{array}$
+C & F & I & L
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
-, and the third bottom
+ and the third bottom
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}[b]{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
-C & F & I & L\end{array}$
+C & F & I & L
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
aligned.
\emph on
c
\emph default
- centered, and
+ centered and
\emph on
r
\emph default
×
\series default
4
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
matrix where the first column is left aligned, the second and third are
- centered, and the last one is right aligned, one enters for the horizontal
+ centered and the last one is right aligned, one enters for the horizontal
alignment
\series bold
lccr
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{lll}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
-C & F & 10000\end{array}$
+C & F & 10000
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
,
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{ccc}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
-C & F & 10000\end{array}$
+C & F & 10000
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
,
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{rrr}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
-C & F & 10000\end{array}$
+C & F & 10000
+\end{array}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-row.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
,
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-row.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
, etc.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
, or the menu
\family default
can be used.
New rows can also be created with
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
.
\end_layout
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset
-Parentheses around a matrix can can either be created with the commands
+The
+\family sans
+Decoration
+\family default
+ adds parentheses in the selected style around the matrix.
+ Alternatively, parentheses can can either be created with the commands
\series bold
left
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
right
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
(shortcut
\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+Alt+M
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-parenthesis
+Parenthesis
\family default
), see
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
×
\series default
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{bmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
×
\series default
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{Bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{Bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
×
\series default
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{pmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{pmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{pmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{pmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
×
\series default
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{vmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
×
\series default
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{Vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{Vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
×
\series default
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
matrix
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7.5mm}{}\begin{matrix}\begin{array}{cc}
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7.5mm}{}\begin{matrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
-\mathrm{i} & 0\end{array}\end{matrix}\raisebox {-5.3mm}{}$
+\mathrm{i} & 0
+\end{array}\end{matrix}\raisebox{-5.3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
When e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\series default
is inserted, a blue box appears between two vertical lines where the matrix
is inserted.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Note that decorated matrices ignore the vertical alignment.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ LaTeX limits the number of matrix columns with decorations to 10.
+ If you need more than 10
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+columns, you have to add this line to the document preamble:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+setcounter{MaxMatrixCols}{number}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+where
+\emph on
+number
+\emph default
+ is the number of columns between 11 and 99.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
arraycolsep
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
arraystretch
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
renewcommand{
\backslash
arraystretch}{stretch factor}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
.
To double e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
the row separation, use the factor 2.
smallmatrix
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
This is a matrix
\begin_inset Formula $\left(\begin{smallmatrix}A & B\\
-C & D\end{smallmatrix}\right)$
+C & D
+\end{smallmatrix}\right)$
\end_inset
in a text line.
\begin_layout Section
Brackets and Delimiters
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Vertical Brackets and Delimiters
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
textbackslash
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
big
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
bigg
\series default
-, and
+ and
\series bold
\backslash
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $((A+B)(A-B))^{C}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $((A+B)(A-B))^{C}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Big ((A+B)(A-B)\Big )^{C}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Big((A+B)(A-B)\Big)^{C}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
-\begin_inset Formula $\Bigg (\exp\bigg <\Big [\big \{\ln(3x)\big \}^{2}\sin(x)\Big ]^{A}\bigg >\Bigg )^{0,5}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sin(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
Besides the
\series bold
bigm
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
bigr
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5.5mm}{}\Bigm(\bigm(\ln(3x)\bigm)^{2}\Bigm)\raisebox {-3.25mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5.5mm}{}\Bigm(\bigm(\ln(3x)\bigm)^{2}\Bigm)\raisebox{-3.25mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5.5mm}{}\Big (\big (\ln(3x)\big )^{2}\Big )\raisebox {-3.25mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5.5mm}{}\Big(\big(\ln(3x)\big)^{2}\Big)\raisebox{-3.25mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5.5mm}{}\Bigl(\bigl(\ln(3x)\bigr)^{2}\Bigr)\raisebox {-3.25mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5.5mm}{}\Bigl(\bigl(\ln(3x)\bigr)^{2}\Bigr)\raisebox{-3.25mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\bigl)\ln(3x)\bigr(\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\bigl)\ln(3x)\bigr(\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
left
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
right
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/dialog-show_mathdelimiter.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
)
\series default
creates
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\ln(\frac{A}{C})\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\ln(\frac{A}{C})
+\]
\end_inset
right)
\series default
creates
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)
+\]
\end_inset
\series default
the shortcut
\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+Alt+M
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-bracket
+Bracket
\family default
can be used.
This has the advantage that you can see in LyX immediately the real bracket
\series bold
\backslash
-ln Alt-m
+ln Alt+M
\series default
\series bold
creates:
\series bold
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\} \]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\}
+\]
\end_inset
middle
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
is additionally available for all brackets and limits.
With this command the height of the following character is adapted to the
one of the surrounding brackets, what is e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
needed for physical vectors:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\left\langle \phi\:\middle |\: J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle \]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left\langle \phi\:\middle|\: J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}\right\rangle
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Horizontal Brackets
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
, must be used:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd\\
- & & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\underbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}_{s}\end{eqnarray*}
+ & & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\underbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}_{s}
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
& & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\overbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}^{s}\\
-A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd\end{eqnarray*}
+A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\: dddd
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1505"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1505"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1505"
\end_inset
jot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
must be changed to -6
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt before the formula with the command
jot
\series default
is set back after the formula to the standard value of 3
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt using the same command.
\begin_layout Section
Arrows
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Arrows can be inserted via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/leftarrow.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Horizontal Arrows
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 25pt
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
Arrows used as accent like e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
vector arrows are listed in
\end_inset
Furthermore there are the labeled arrows
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
xleftarrow
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
xrightarrow
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Commands ! X !
\backslash
xrightarrow
-\begin_inset VSpace 4mm
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+vspace{4mm}
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}F(a)\xleftarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(x)\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}F(a)\xleftarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(x)\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}F(x)\xrightarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(a)\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}F(x)\xrightarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(a)\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Vertical and diagonal Arrows
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Section
Accents
\begin_inset CommandInset label
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Accents can be inserted via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/hat.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\series bold
+
\backslash
-texorpdfstring is used to avoid that the footnote appears in the PDF-bookmark.
+texorpdfstring
+\series default
+ is used to avoid that the footnote appears in the PDF-bookmark.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
More about
+\series bold
+
\backslash
-texorpdfstring is in section
+texorpdfstring
+\series default
+ is in section
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Formulas-in-Section"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\dot{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\dot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\ddot{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ddot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\dddot{A}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-ddddot{A
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\ddddot {A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\dddot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-vec
+ddddot
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
A
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Vectors
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\vec{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ddddot{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-bar
+vec
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
A
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\bar{A}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-mathring
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-A
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\mathring{A}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-</lyxtabular>
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
-<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
-<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Command
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Result
+Vectors
\end_layout
\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\backslash
-tilde
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-A
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\tilde{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\vec{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-hat
+bar
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\hat{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\bar{A}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+mathring
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\mathring{A}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Result
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+tilde
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\tilde{A}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+hat
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\hat{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\check{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\check{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\acute{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\acute{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\grave{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\grave{A}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\breve{A}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\breve{A}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset
-To create umlauts
-\begin_inset Index
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can directly insert accents like é to formulas.
+ LyX will transform them to the corresponding accent command.
+ For umlauts
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
- in formulas, a quotation mark is inserted before the vowel.
+ it is better to insert a quotation mark before the vowel.
These two characters are then treated by LaTeX as
\emph on
one
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\backslash
raisebox
\series default
- is only used as spacer.
+ and the 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt space are only used as spacer.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
+\length 0pt
+\end_inset
+
\lang ngerman
+
\begin_inset Formula $"i$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\ddot{i}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ddot{i}$
\end_inset
To convert an accented character to mathematical text, only the character
under the accent may be converted.
This applies also for all other conversions, e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
to italic or bold.
\begin_layout Subsection
Accents for Operators
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
overset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
underset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
sideset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
n
\series default
produces:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sideset {}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}
+\]
\end_inset
a
\series default
produces:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\overset{a}{\maltese}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\overset{a}{\maltese}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Accents for several Characters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Accents-for-several"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\overleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\overleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\underleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\underleftarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\overleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\overleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\underleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\underleftrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\overrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\overrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\underrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\underrightarrow{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\widetilde{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\widetilde{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\widehat{A=B}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\widehat{A=B}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\series default
will only be set in the output with a length of three characters, as shown
in the following example:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\widetilde{A+B=C-D}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\widetilde{A+B=C-D}
+\]
\end_inset
overset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
underset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
***
\series default
creates:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\underset{***}{A=B}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\underset{***}{A=B}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
Sometimes it is necessary to insert horizontal space to a formula.
This is done by inserting a protected space (shortcut
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Space
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "space-insert protected"
+\end_inset
+
).
- A blue
+ A
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-\series bold
\color blue
\begin_inset ERT
\end_inset
-\series default
\color inherit
\begin_inset Quotes erd
The spaces can also be inserted using the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/space.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="7">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="6.8cm">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="6.8cm">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\begin_layout Standard
Negative spaces can lead to characters overlapping each other.
Thus they can be used to enforce ligatures, what is e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
useful for summation operators:
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sum\sum f_{kl}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sum\sum f_{kl}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sum\negmedspace\sum f_{kl}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sum\negmedspace\sum f_{kl}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}$
\end_inset
equation without space
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Thin
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Space
\family default
(shortcut
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Shift-Space
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "space-insert thin"
+\end_inset
+
).
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
24
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
kW
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Space with a defined length can be inserted in LyX with the command
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
+Space with a defined length can be inserted with the command
\series bold
\backslash
-hspace{length}
+hspace
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
.
- For the length all units listed in
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "tab:Used-units"
+ Then a long
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\color blue
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
\end_inset
- are allowed, except of the unit
+
+\color inherit
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ appears.
+ The length can be specified by left-clicking on the
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-mu
+
+\color blue
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\color inherit
+
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
hfill
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Command
+Command (
+\backslash
+hspace length)
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A=B
\backslash
-hspace{3cm
+hspace
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset
A
\backslash
-not=C
+not=C (3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm)
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A=B\hspace {3cm}A\not=C$
+\begin_inset Formula $A=B\hspace{3cm}A\not=C$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
-hspace{-1mm
+hspace
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset
A
\backslash
-not=A
+not=A (-1
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mm)
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace {-1mm}A\not=A$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace{-1mm}A\not=A$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A=A\hfill B=B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A=A\hfill B=B$
\end_inset
.)
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hfill
+\series default
+, there are the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+dotfill
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+hrulefill
+\series default
+ that fill the space with a pattern, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Ellipses"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for an example.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
For text, variable space can be inserted via the menu
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Horizontal
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Space
\family default
-, what is not possible in formulas:
+:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
This is a line with
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 2cm
\end_inset
2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm space.
\begin_layout Standard
This is a line with
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
maximum space.
\begin_layout Subsection
Space besides inline Formulas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
mathsurround
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
.
The value of a length is set with the command
\series bold
\backslash
setlength
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
that has the following scheme:
\end_layout
mathsurround
\series default
to the value 5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm, the command
\begin_layout Standard
is inserted in TeX-mode.
5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm space will now be set around all inline formulas:
\end_inset
with 5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm surrounding space.
mathsurround
\series default
is set to the value 0
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt.
\begin_layout Section
Boxes and Frames
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Frames | see
+Frames | see
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
in the
\family typewriter
Embedded
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Objects
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
fbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
boxed
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
an additional formula has to be created by
\family sans
-Ctrl-m
+Ctrl+M
\family default
- within this box
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Due to a bug in LyX it is not possible to create a new formula with
-\family sans
-Ctrl-m
-\family default
-, see
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-, because the box content will otherwise be treated as mathematical text.
+ within this box, because the box content will otherwise be treated as mathemati
+cal text.
When
\series bold
\backslash
fbox
\series default
- is not suitable to frame displayed formulas, because the formula will always
+ is not suitable to frame displayed formulas because the formula will always
be set in the size of the text.
\series bold
framebox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
-\begin_inset Note Note
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-The table has been set into a minipage to make the footnote appearing.
- Otherwise the footnote text would not be displayed.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Box Frameless
-position "c"
-hor_pos "c"
-has_inner_box 1
-inner_pos "c"
-use_parbox 0
-width "100col%"
-special "none"
-height "1in"
-height_special "totalheight"
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Command
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Due to a bug in LyX it is not possible to create a new formula with
-\family sans
-Ctrl-m
-\family default
-, see
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\end_inset
\family sans
-Ctrl-m
+Ctrl+M
\family default
\backslash
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula \raisebox {6mm}{}\fbox{$\int A=B$}\raisebox {-4mm}{}
-
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fbox{\ensuremath{\int A=B}}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {8.5mm}{}\boxed{\int A=B}\raisebox {-6.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{8.5mm}{}\boxed{\int A=B}\raisebox{-6.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}A+\fbox{B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}A+\fbox{B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\family sans
-Ctrl-m
+Ctrl+M
\family default
\backslash
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}$
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\framebox[20mm][]{$\frac{A}{B}$}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\framebox[20mm][]{\ensuremath{\frac{A}{B}}}$
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boxed{A+B=C}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\boxed{A+B=C}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
makebox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-, and
+ and
\series bold
\backslash
raisebox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
fbox
\series default
.
+
+\series medium
+
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ For
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ this extra formula is created by pressing
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+ twice instead of once because LyX doesn't yet support
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ directly.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox {2mm}{al}lo$
+\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox{2mm}{al}lo$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox {-2mm}{al}lo$
+\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox{-2mm}{al}lo$
\end_inset
\backslash
{
\family sans
-Ctrl-m
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
\family default
\backslash
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-$A=
-\backslash
-raisebox{-2mm}{$
-\backslash
-sqrt{B}$}$
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset Formula $A=\raisebox{-2mm}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\sqrt{B}}}}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The last formula can currently only be created using TeX-mode because LyX
- inserts a box instead of the needed extra formula.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-see
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
colorbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
can also be part of another box (see the 2nd and 3rd example).
When the box should contain a formula, an extra formula has to be created,
- the same as for
+ the same way as for
\series bold
\backslash
-fbox
+raisebox
\series default
.
\begin_inset Foot
\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
-.
- Thereby note
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #1435"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1435"
-
-\end_inset
-
.
\end_layout
\series bold
white
\series default
-, and
+ and
\series bold
yellow
\end_layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\colorbox {yellow}{A=B}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\colorbox{yellow}{A=B}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\colorbox {green}{\fbox{A=B}}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\colorbox{green}{\fbox{A=B}}\raisebox{-3mm}{}$
\end_inset
\backslash
-{A=B
+{
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+
+\backslash
+int
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C=D
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\fbox{\colorbox {green}{A=B}}\raisebox {-3mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7mm}{}\fbox{\colorbox{green}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\int C=D}}}}\raisebox{-5mm}{}$
\end_inset
color is chosen in the
\family sans
Text
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Style
The dialog can be called with the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/dialog-show_character.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\family sans
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Text
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Style\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\begin_layout Standard
\color red
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\int A=B\label{eq:red}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\int A=B\label{eq:red}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\color green
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\textcolor{red}{\int A=B}\label{eq:redgreen}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\textcolor{red}{\int A=B}\label{eq:redgreen}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
fcolorbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\fcolorbox {cyan}{magenta}{A=B}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}
+\]
\end_inset
0.5}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
yellow
\series default
-, and
+ and
\series bold
black
\series default
The four comma separated numbers are the portion factor for the corresponding
colors of the color space.
The factors can be in the range of 0
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
1.
\series bold
green
\series default
-, and
+ and
\series bold
blue
\series default
yellow
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\colorbox {darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\colorbox{darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
textcolor
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
textcolor
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/box-insert.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
has_inner_box 1
inner_pos "t"
use_parbox 1
+use_makebox 0
width "5cm"
special "none"
height "1in"
\begin_layout Plain Layout
This is a paragraph box.
It is exactly 5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm long and can also contain formulas:
Width
\emph default
: 5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm,
parbox
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
of the
\emph on
Embedded
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Objects
\backslash
linewidth
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
is hereby the line width set for the document.
Because the frame is outside the parbox, 2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
times the frame separation and the frame thickness must be subtracted from
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #4483"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4483"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/4483"
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
- Then the description follows as normal text, and finally
+ Then the description follows as normal text and finally
\series bold
}}
\backslash
\end_inset
using the mathematical textmode:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-5x-7b=3b\textrm{This is a description. It is not separated from the formula ...}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+5x-7b=3b\textrm{This is a description. It is not separated from the formula ...}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Operators
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
must be set in the document settings under
\family sans
Math
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Options
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-sum
-\begin_inset Index
+int
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! S !
+Commands ! I !
\backslash
-sum
+int
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\sum$
+\begin_inset Formula $\int$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-int
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! I !
-\backslash
-int
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
+oint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\int$
+\begin_inset Formula $\oint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-intop
+ointctrclockwise
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\intop$
+\begin_inset Formula $\ointctrclockwise$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-oint
+ointclockwise
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\oint$
+\begin_inset Formula $\ointclockwise$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ointop
+sqint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ointop$
+\begin_inset Formula $\sqint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ointctrclockwise
+fint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ointctrclockwise$
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\fint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-ointclockwise
+landupint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ointclockwise$
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\landupint$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-sqint
+landdownint
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\sqint$
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\landdownint$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\backslash
+sum
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! S !
+\backslash
+sum
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\sum$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
\backslash
prod
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
All big operators can also be inserted via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/intop.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The operators
+For all integral operators there is a second version available, ending on
+
+\series bold
+op
+\series default
+:
\series bold
\backslash
intop
\series default
- and
+,
\series bold
\backslash
ointop
\series default
- are different from
+ etc..
+ These operators are different from
\series bold
\backslash
int
\series default
- and
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-oint
-\series default
-, resp.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+ etc.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
in the style the operator limits are displayed, see
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsubsection*
-Advices for Integrals
+Advice for Integrals
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
d
\emph default
and using the keyboard shortcut
-\family sans
-Alt-c
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-roman"
\end_inset
-r
-\family default
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-hphantom{in}
+in
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\iint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\iint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\oiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\oiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\sqiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\sqiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\iiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\iiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\iiiint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\iiiint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\dotsint\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\dotsint\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}\prod_{0}^{\infty}A(x)\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\prod_{0}^{\infty}A(x)\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Limits of inline formulas are set right beside the operator.
Limits in displayed formulas are set above or below the operator, except
- of integral limits.
+ for integral limits.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family default
\series default
(shortcut
-\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-limits"
\end_inset
-l
-\family default
).
An example:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
The default limits type is this:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
+\]
\end_inset
\family default
\series default
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
+\]
\end_inset
-For integrals, except of
+For integrals, except those ending with
+\series bold
+op
+\series default
+ like
\series bold
\backslash
intop
\series default
- and
+,
\series bold
\backslash
ointop
\series default
-, the limits are by default set beside the operator.
+ etc., the limits are by default set beside the operator.
But for multiple integrals the limits are often set below the operator.
In the following example the limits type was therefore set to
\series bold
Display
\series default
and so set below the integrals:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:VolInt}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:VolInt}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
subarray
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
substack
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
are used.
To create for example this expression
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
\sum_{\begin{subarray}{c}
0<k<1000\\
-\\k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}\end{equation}
+\\
+k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
+\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
The blue box is now within a purple box and now several lines can be written
among each other.
A new line is created by inserting a line break (
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
).
When now
\begin_inset Newline newline
\series bold
-0<k<1000 Ctrl-Return
+0<k<1000 Ctrl+Return
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
mathclap
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
that sets the width of the limit to 0
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt.
\end_inset
-0<k<1000 Ctrl-Enter
+0<k<1000 Ctrl+Return
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
to create the lower limit.
The summand is now directly behind the summation operator:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\sum_{\mathclap {\substack{0<k<1000\\
-\\k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}}
-}}^{n}k^{-2}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\sum_{\mathclap{\substack{0<k<1000\\
+\\
+k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
+}
+}}^{n}k^{-2}
+\]
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Subsection
Binary Operators
\begin_inset CommandInset label
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
All binary operators can also be inserted via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/pm.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
DeclareMathOperator
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Lozenge _{n=1}^{\infty}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}
+\]
\end_inset
mathop
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathbin
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
mathop
\series default
can e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
be used to use one limit for several operators:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathop {\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Fonts
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
-<features>
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="3">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c c
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-noun"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
--
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-bold"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c b
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-boldsymbol"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c e
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-emph"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+mathscr
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+AbC
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathscr{AbC}$
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="3">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c r
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-roman"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c s
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-sans"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Alt-c p
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcuts"
+arg "font-typewriter"
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
The style commands work also for letters in mathematical constructs:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
-name "LyX-bug #4091"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4091"
+name "LyX-bug #4629"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/4629"
\end_inset
or the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/font.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash mathbf}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash mathbf}
+\]
\end_inset
boldsymbol
\series default
is used:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash boldsymbol}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation with \textbackslash boldsymbol}}
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
boldmath
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
in TeX-mode.
To end the environment, the command
\series bold
\backslash
unboldmath
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
is inserted in TeX-mode.
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation in a boldmath environment}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{equation in a boldmath environment}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Colored Formulas
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula ! colored
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Formulas can be colored like normal text: Highlight a formula or a formula
+ part and use the
+\family sans
+Text Style
+\family default
+ dialog.
+ Here is a formula in magenta:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also define your own colors as described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Colored-Boxes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ They can be used with the TeX code command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textcolor
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! T !
+\backslash
+textcolor
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the scheme
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+textcolor{color}{characters or formula}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The following example was colored completely dark green and partly red:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+textcolor{darkgreen}{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Due to a bug in LyX only complete formulas can be colored with self-defined
+ colors.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "LyX-bug #5269"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/5269"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
scriptsize
\series default
-, and
+ and
\series bold
\backslash
.
The font size can however not exceed a certain value.
Is for example the document font size 12
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt, the command
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Within a formula the size can only be changed for symbols or letters in
- mathematical text.
- To do this, the size command is inserted in mathematical text.
+Within a formula the size can be changed using the following size commands:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\noindent
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Result
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ is only used as spacer.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+displaystyle
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! D !
+\backslash
+displaystyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6.5mm}{}{\displaystyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}\raisebox{-5.5mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+textstyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{\textstyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+scriptstyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{\scriptstyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}\raisebox{-3.5mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+scriptscriptstyle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}{\scriptscriptstyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}\raisebox{-3.5mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+After entering these commands, a blue box appears in which the formula parts
+ are inserted.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+There is a further method to change the font size, that though only works
+ for symbols or letters in mathematical text.
+ To use it, one of the above text size commands is inserted in mathematical
+ text.
All following characters until the end of the mathematical text or until
another size command will have the selected size.
Two examples:
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese
+\]
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\maltese A\textrm{\Large \maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny \maltese\textit{A}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-A Alt-m m
+A Alt+M M
\backslash
Large
\begin_inset ERT
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hspace*{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace*{}
\length 1cm
\end_inset
-Alt-m
+Alt+M
\series default
\series bold
-m
+M
\backslash
tiny
\begin_inset ERT
\begin_layout Section
Greek Letters
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-All Greek letters can also be inserted via the toolbar button
+Greek letters can also be inserted via the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/alpha.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
.
+ All international typesetting norms purport that Greek letters in math
+ have to be typeset italic/slanted.
+ In some languages, like French or Russian, they are nevertheless sometimes
+ typeset upright.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Small Letters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Small-Letters"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-How to create upright Greek letters is explained in
+How to create special upright Greek letters is explained in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sub:Upright-small-Greek"
\begin_layout Subsection
Big Letters
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\backslash
varGamma
\series default
- produces:
-\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma $
+ produces
+\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma$
\end_inset
+.
+ Another way is to load the package
+\series bold
+fixmath
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+fixmath
+\series default
+ is part of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+was
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! was
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+vspace{4mm}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! fixmath
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ with the LaTeX-preamble line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{fixmath}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Then all big Greek letters in a document will automatically be typeset italic.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Bold Letters
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
boldsymbol
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
A list with all symbols of most of the LaTeX-packages can be found in
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
LatexCommand cite
-key "Symbole"
+key "Symbols"
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
toolbar buttons
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/nabla.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
and
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/digamma.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\dag $
+\begin_inset Formula $\dag$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\ddag $
+\begin_inset Formula $\ddag$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\pounds $
+\begin_inset Formula $\pounds$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\P $
+\begin_inset Formula $\P$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\copyright $
+\begin_inset Formula $\copyright$
\end_inset
More symbols are listed in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Miscellaneous-Special-Characters"
+reference "sub:Miscellaneous-special-Characters"
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
The Euro-Symbol €
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
eurosym
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
euro
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
officialeuro
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="3">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\euro $
+\begin_inset Formula $\euro$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
All relations can also be inserted via the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/leq.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
stackrel
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {5mm}{}A(r)\stackrel{r\to\infty}{\approx}B$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}A(r)\stackrel{r\to\infty}{\approx}B$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="4">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Newpage pagebreak
-\end_inset
-
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="4">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
They can also be inserted with the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/functions.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Self-defined Functions
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
sgn}{sgn}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Write the the formula as usual, mark the formula name, in our example the
- letters
+Write the formula as usual, mark the formula name, in our example the letters
+
\emph on
sgn
\emph default
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\sgn (x)+B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\sgn(x)+B$
\end_inset
A
\backslash
,
-\begin_inset Formula $\underbrace{\textrm{sgn}}_{\textrm{Alt-m}\,\textrm{m}}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\underbrace{\textrm{sgn}}_{\textrm{Alt+M}\,\textrm{M}}$
\end_inset
(x)+B
\begin_layout Subsection
Limits
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
lim
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varliminf $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varliminf$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varlimsup $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varlimsup$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varprojlim $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varprojlim$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\varinjlim $
+\begin_inset Formula $\varinjlim$
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 1cm
\end_inset
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-hspace
-\series default
- and
+The space and
\series bold
\backslash
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\hspace {1cm}\raisebox {5mm}{}\lim_{x\to A}x=B$
+\begin_inset Formula $\hspace{1cm}\raisebox{5mm}{}\lim_{x\to A}x=B$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
In a displayed formula the limit is set below the formula, as usual:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\lim_{x\to A}x=B\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\lim_{x\to A}x=B
+\]
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Modulo-Functions
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
The variants in a displayed formula:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
-\underline{\textrm{Command}\raisebox {-0.9mm}{}} & & \underline{\textrm{Result}}\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\mod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\pmod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\bmod b\\
-\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{\spce }b} & & a\pod b\end{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
+\underline{\textrm{Command}\raisebox{-0.9mm}{}} & & \underline{\textrm{Result}}\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\mod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pmod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\bmod b\\
+\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{\spce}b} & & a\pod b
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Special Characters
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\oe }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{œ}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\OE }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Œ}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\ae }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{æ}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\AE }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Æ}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\aa }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\aa}$
\end_inset
\backslash
AA
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-textrm
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
+textrm{
\backslash
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-AA
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
+AA}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\AA}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Å}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\i }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ı}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The space of 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-hspace{0mm}
-\series default
- is used for separation, because otherwise the output will be ¡ and ¿ respective
-ly.
+mm is used for separation, because otherwise the output will be ¡ and ¿
+ respectively.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\o }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ø}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\O}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Ø}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\l }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ł}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\L }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Ł}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
!
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
?
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\j }$
+\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ȷ}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
can also be inserted via the math toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/math/digamma.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
An exception are the commands
\series bold
!
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset
and
\series bold
?
-\begin_inset Space \hspace{}
+\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\backslash
~e
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\series bold
'
\series default
- , and
+ and
\series bold
^
\series default
\backslash
v
\series default
-, and accents inserted directly with the keyboard are also available in
- mathematical text.
+ and accents that are inserted directly with the keyboard are also available
+ in mathematical text.
For the other accents there are special math commands to be used in formulas,
see
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
textcircled
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
all numbers and letters can be set into a circle, quasi accented with a
- circle, similar to the the copyright symbol.
+ circle, similar to the copyright symbol.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Minuscule Numbers
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
oldstylenums
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
oldstylenums{0123456789
\series default
produces:
-\begin_inset Formula $\oldstylenums {0123456789}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\oldstylenums{0123456789}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Miscellaneous Special Characters
+Miscellaneous special Characters
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Miscellaneous-Special-Characters"
+name "sub:Miscellaneous-special-Characters"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\_{} {}{}{}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\_$
\end_inset
\backslash
circ
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-°
+
+\backslash
+@°
\end_layout
\end_inset
\backslash
textdegree
\backslash
-f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{}
-i}
+fi}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
under
\family sans
Document
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Class
mathindent
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
.
Should the distance be 15
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm, the following command line is inserted in the LaTeX-preamble
\begin_layout Standard
When no length is specified, the predefined value of 30
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt will be used.
under
\family sans
Document
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Class
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
In LyX multiline formulas are created by pressing
-\family sans
\series bold
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
+
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+
\series default
inside a formula.
- This creates an
+ This creates either an
+\series bold
+eqnarray environment
+\series default
+ that is described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Eqnarray-Environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ or, when the option
+\family sans
+Use AMS math package
+\family default
+ in the document settings is selected, an
\series bold
align environment
\series default
\begin_layout Standard
In all multiline formula environments a new line is created by pressing
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
.
To add or delete lines, the math toolbar buttons
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-row.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
or
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-row.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
There is sometimes not enough space in multiline formulas between the lines:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\
-4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0\end{eqnarray*}
+4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1505"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1505"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1505"
\end_inset
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset
-To set the the line separation for all lines in a formula, the length
+To set the line separation for all lines in a formula, the length
\series bold
\backslash
jot
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
jot
\series default
is the value 3
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt.
To create 3
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm additional line separation as in the previous example, the command
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\
-4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0\end{eqnarray*}
+4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
jot
\series default
is set to the value 3
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt.
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
arraycolsep
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
column separation = 2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
inserted in TeX-mode, sets for all following formulas a column separation
of 2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm.
arraycolsep
\series default
is set to 5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt.
\begin_layout Standard
A formula with 2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm column separation:
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & B\\
-C & \ne & A\end{eqnarray*}
+C & \ne & A
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
A formula with the predefined column separation for matrices of 10
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt:
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & B\\
-C & \ne & A\end{eqnarray*}
+C & \ne & A
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsubsection
Long Formulas
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
When one side of the equation is much shorther than the line width, this
one is chosen for the left side and the right side is typeset over two
lines:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
H & = & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\nonumber \\
- & & -\hspace {3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:kurzlang}\end{eqnarray}
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-smallskip
-\end_layout
+ & & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:shortlong}
+\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
The minus sign at the beginning of the second line does normally not appear
as operator because it is the first character of the line.
Thus it would not be surrounded by space and could not be distinguished
from the fraction bar.
- To avoid this, space was inserted behind the minus sign with the command
-
+ To avoid this, 3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt space was inserted behind the minus sign with the command
\series bold
\backslash
-hspace{3pt}
+hspace
\series default
-
+.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-.
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
lefteqn
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
is used.
It is inserted to the first column of the first line and effects that all
further insertions overwrite the following columns:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}}\nonumber \\
- & & -\hspace {3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
- & & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn}\end{eqnarray}
-
-\end_inset
+ & & -\hspace{3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
+ & & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn}
+\end{eqnarray}
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-smallskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
After the insertion of
, the cursor is in a purple box that is a bit shifted to the left from the
blue one.
In this the formula is inserted.
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
The content of the further lines is inserted to the second or another formula
column.
The greater the column number where it was inserted, the larger the indentation.
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset
\begin_layout Itemize
The formula doesn't use the full page width.
When e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
the term
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1429"
-target "http://bugzilla.lyx.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1429"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1429"
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
For brackets spanning multiple lines the following problem occurs:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \sin(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\
- & & \left.\cdots+B-D\right]\end{eqnarray*}
+ & & \left.\cdots+B-D\right]
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
right.
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
_R=1}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
The result is this:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \sin(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\
- & & \left.\vphantom{\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}}\cdots+B-D\right]\end{eqnarray*}
+ & & \left.\vphantom{\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}}\cdots+B-D\right]
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
To add or delete columns, the math toolbar buttons
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-column.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
or
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-column.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
This Align environment is created by presssing
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
in a formula or by the menu
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\begin_layout Standard
An example for two formulas set side by side, that are created with a four
column align environment:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
A & =\sin(B) & C & =D\\
-C & \ne A & B & \ne D\end{align*}
+C & \ne A & B & \ne D
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsubsection
Alignat Environment
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
The above example in the alignat environment where 1
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm space was inserted at the beginning of the second formula:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{alignat*}{2}
-A & =\sin(B) & \hspace {1cm}C & =D\\
-C & \ne A & B & \ne D\end{alignat*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{alignat*}{2}
+A & =\sin(B) & \hspace{1cm}C & =D\\
+C & \ne A & B & \ne D
+\end{alignat*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
In this environment the first two columns are always set as much as possible
to the left and the last two ones to the right.
An example:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{flalign*}
A & =1 & B & =2 & C & =3\\
-X & =\textrm{-}1 & Y & =\textrm{-}2 & Z & =4\end{flalign*}
+X & =\textrm{-}1 & Y & =\textrm{-}2 & Z & =4
+\end{flalign*}
\end_inset
\end_inset
:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
-\hspace {30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {}\end{flalign}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{flalign}
+\hspace{30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {}
+\end{flalign}
\end_inset
Indented
\series default
, 30
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt space was inserted at the beginning of the first column.
\begin_layout Subsection
Eqnarray Environment
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Eqnarray-Environment"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
one left aligned.
The content of the middle box appears centered and a bit smaller, because
it is designed to insert there only relation characters.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray*}
\frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D}\\
AB & AB & AB\\
-A & = & A\end{eqnarray*}
+A & = & A
+\end{eqnarray*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Gather Environment
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
This environment consists of only one centered column.
Every line can be numbered.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{gather}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{gather}
A=1\\
-X=\textrm{-}1\end{gather}
+X=\textrm{-}1
+\end{gather}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
in the multline environment:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\\
-=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\end{multline}
+=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
+\end{multline}
\end_inset
\backslash
shoveright
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
and
\series bold
\backslash
shoveleft
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
a centered line can be right or left aligned, respectively.
The commands are used as follows:
\end_layout
\backslash
multlinegap
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
specifies the distance of the first line from the left page margin.
Predefined is the length 0
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt.
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{multline}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
-\shoveleft {-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
-=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\end{multline}
+\shoveleft{-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
+=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
+\end{multline}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
formula environments, but it is possible to set further formula parts beside
them.
An example:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
\left.\begin{aligned}\Delta x\Delta p & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\\
-\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\end{aligned}
-\right\} \textrm{Uncertainty relations}\]
+\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}
+\end{aligned}
+\right\} \textrm{Uncertainty relations}
+\]
\end_inset
\backslash
aligned
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
is inserted.
A purple box appears around the blue formula box where now columns and
lines can be added.
As example formula
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
-reference "eq:kurzlang"
+reference "eq:shortlong"
\end_inset
in the aligned environment:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}H=\; & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\\
- & -\hspace {3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\end{aligned}
+ & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}
+\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
\end_inset
alignedat
\series default
,
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
gathered
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
split
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
intertext
-\begin_inset Index
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-
-\series default
is used in the following scheme:
\end_layout
must hereby be at the beginning of a line and appears in the output above
this line.
An example where the text was inserted at the beginning of the second line:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align}
I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
-\intertext {\text{integrand is symmetric to $\phi=\pi$, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\end{align}
+\intertext{\text{integrand is symmetric to \ensuremath{\phi=\pi}, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi
+\end{align}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Formula Numbering
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Numbered
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Formula
\family default
(shortcut
\family sans
-Ctrl-Alt
-\begin_inset Space ~
+Ctrl+Alt
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-n
+N
\family default
).
Existing formulas can be numbered with the menu
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Toggle
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Numbering
\family default
(shortcut
-\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-toggle"
\end_inset
-n
-\family default
).
The formula number is displayed in LyX behind the formula as number sign
in parentheses.
Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Toggle
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Numbering
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
of
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Line
\family default
- (shortcut
-\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-line-toggle"
\end_inset
-N
-\family default
) for every line.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Except of inline formulas, all formulas can be numbered with two different
+Except for inline formulas, all formulas can be numbered with two different
styles, see
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
\begin_layout Subsection
Cross-References
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Cross-References"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
or the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/label-insert.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
and makes it easier to find labels in large documents because it marks
it as formula label to divide it from e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
section labels.
or with the toolbar button
\begin_inset Graphics
filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.png
- embed ""
scale 85
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Subnumbering
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
An example:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A=C-B\label{eq:a}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A=C-B\label{eq:a}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-B=C-A\label{eq:b}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+B=C-A\label{eq:b}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-C=A+B\label{eq:c}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+C=A+B\label{eq:c}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
addtocounter{equation}{-1}
\backslash
begin{subequations}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
By inserting the commands in TeX-mode, a space is created between the first
two formulas.
To revert this -5
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm vertical space is inserted after the command
\series default
is used, -7
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm space is inserted instead.
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\label{eq:d}\\
- & = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{²}\nonumber \\
- & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f}\end{eqnarray}
+ & = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{2}\nonumber \\
+ & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f}
+\end{eqnarray}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
tag
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
is used:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A+B=C\tag{something}\label{eq:tag}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A+B=C\tag{something}\label{eq:tag}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
something
\series default
is inserted instead, the star prevents the parentheses around the expression:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-A+B=C\tag*{something}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+A+B=C\tag*{something}
+\]
\end_inset
@addtoreset{equation}{part}
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
carlisle
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
@removefromreset
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
numberwithin
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Thus in our case the following LaTeX-preamble or ERT line is used:
+Thus in our case the following LaTeX-preamble or TeX-Code line is used:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A+B=C\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A+B=C
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
To number e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
tables so that the number of the part is the sectioning,
\begin_layout Standard
To go back to the standard numbering or to prevent this kind of numbering
when it is defined by the document class, the following command is inserted
- as ERT or to the LaTeX-preamble:
+ as TeX-Code or to the LaTeX-preamble:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Numbering with Roman Numbers and Letters
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Numbering-with-Roman"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
renewcommand
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
roman{equation}
\series default
-
+.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
that is described in
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
-reference "sec:User-defined-commands"
+reference "sub:The-Command-newcommand"
\end_inset
\end_inset
-.
\series bold
equation
\backslash
roman{equation}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Roman
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
alph
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Alph
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
-status open
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Commands ! A !
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-A=\textrm{small roman}\label{eq:rom}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A=\textrm{small roman}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-B=\textrm{big Roman}\label{eq:Rom}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+B=\textrm{big Roman}\label{eq:Rom}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-C=\textrm{small Latin}\label{eq:lat}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+C=\textrm{small Latin}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-D=\textrm{big Latin}\label{eq:Lat}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+D=\textrm{big Latin}\label{eq:Lat}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-E=\textrm{Arabic}\label{eq:arab}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+E=\textrm{Arabic}
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
A description about this can be found in the file
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
-target "Formula-numbering.lyx"
+name "Formula-numbering.lyx"
+target "run:Formula-numbering.lyx"
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-User-defined commands
+Chemical Symbols and Equations
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
-name "sec:User-defined-commands"
+name "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-User-defined commands
+Chemical characters ! Symbols
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Many LaTeX-commands are too long to be used frequently.
- But it is possible to define with the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-newcommand
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! N !
-\backslash
-newcommand
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- new shorter commands.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The command scheme of
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-newcommand
-\series default
- is:
+Chemical equations
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-newcommand{new command name}[number of arguments][optional
-\series default
-
-\series bold
-value]
-\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-phantom{
+Symbols ! chemical
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\backslash
-newcommand
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-{command definition}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-Note:
-\series default
- Assure that the name of the new command is not already used in your document
- or by LaTeX-packages that you use.
- When you for example define the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-le
-\series default
- for
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-Leftarrow
-\series default
-, you get an error message because
-\series bold
+An example text from chemistry:
+\end_layout
-\backslash
-le
-\series default
- is already defined as command for
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\begin_layout Quote
+The
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Formula $\le$
+-ion reacts with two
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Na^{+}}$
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
+-ions to sodium sulfate
+\begin_inset Formula $\left(\mathrm{Na_{2}SO_{4}}\right)$
\end_inset
.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Note Greyedout
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-Note:
-\series default
- The names of user-defined commands may only consist of Latin letters.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
+ The chemical equation for this is:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:chem-reaction}
+\end{equation}
-\begin_layout Standard
-The number of arguments is an integer in the range 0
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
--
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-9 and specifies how many arguments the new command should have.
- With the optional value a value for an optional argument can be predefined.
- When this is done, the
-\emph on
-first
-\emph default
-
-\emph on
-a
-\emph default
-rgument of the new command is automatically an optional one.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Here are some examples:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-To define the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-gr
-\series default
- for
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-Longrightarrow
-\series default
-, the LaTeX-preamble line is:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series bold
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\backslash
-newcommand{
-\backslash
-gr}{
-\backslash
-Longrightarrow}
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-To define the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-us
-\series default
- for
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-underline
-\series default
-, the argument (that should be underlined) must be taken into account.
- For this the preamble line is:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series bold
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
+This chemical equation can directly be created as formula.
+ To avoid that the symbols appear italic, everything is highlighted and
+ changed by the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-roman"
\end_inset
-
-\backslash
-newcommand{
-\backslash
-us}[1]{
-\backslash
-underline{#1}}
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset ERT
+ to the upright font style.
+\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series bold
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series default
-The character
-\series bold
-#
-\series default
- acts as argument placeholder, the
-\series bold
-1
-\series default
- behind it denotes that it is the placeholder for the first argument.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-For
+font styles
\series bold
-
-\backslash
-framebox
+
\series default
- one can e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
+see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Font-Styles"
-g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
\end_inset
-define the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-fb
-\series default
-:
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-medskip
\end_layout
\end_inset
-\series bold
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\backslash
-newcommand{
-\backslash
-fb}[3]{
-\backslash
-framebox#1#2{$#3$}}
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
\end_layout
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series bold
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series default
-The two Dollar signs creates the extra formula needed for
+\begin_layout Standard
+A more convenient way to typeset chemical formulas is to use the command
+
\series bold
\backslash
-framebox
+ce
\series default
-, see
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Boxes-with-Frame"
-
-\end_inset
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-To create a new command for
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-fcolorbox
-\series default
- where the color for the box needn't to be specified, the argument for the
- color is defined optional:
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
+Commands ! C !
\backslash
-medskip
+ce
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
+ that is available when the LaTeX-package
\series bold
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\backslash
-newcommand{
-\backslash
-cb}[3][white]{
-\backslash
-fcolorbox{#2}{#1}{$#3$}}
+mhchem
\series default
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-
-\backslash
-medskip
+Packages ! mhchem
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-When the color is not specified when using
+ is installed.
+ After inserting
\series bold
\backslash
-cb
-\series default
-, the predefined color
-\series bold
-white
+ce
\series default
- will be used.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-A test of the new defined commands:
+ to a formula a new blue box appears where chemical formulas can be inserted
+ in an intuitive way.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features>
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Result
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ is only used as spacer.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+H2CO3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{H2CO3}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+SO4^2-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{SO4^{2-}}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+(NH4)2S
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{(NH4)2S}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+KCr(SO4)2.12H2O
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{KCr(SO4)2.12H2O}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A-B
+\backslash
+dbond
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\backslash
+tbond
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+D
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{A-B\dbond C\tbond D}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+^227
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+_90
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+Th+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{_{90}^{227}Th+}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+CO2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+<=>
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2CO
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{CO2 + C <=> 2CO}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+CO2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+->[
+\backslash
+alpha][
+\backslash
+beta]
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2CO}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{CO2 + C ->[\alpha][\beta] 2CO}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Inserting a formula to a
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ box will lead to LaTeX errors.
+ In this case TeX code has to be used like for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce{$
+\backslash
+mu
+\backslash
+hyphen$Cl}
+\series default
+:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+ce{$
+\backslash
+mu
+\backslash
+hyphen$Cl}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Using
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ the command for equation
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:chem-reaction"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2Na+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+SO4^2-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+->
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Na2SO4
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create multiline chemical equations first a multiline formula is created
+ as described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Multiline-Formulas"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Afterwards the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ is used in every small blue box of the formula.
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:TEOS-reaction-1"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:TEOS-reaction-2"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ are an example of a multi-stage chemical reaction where every equation
+ has its own number.
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\ce{TEOS + 4O} & \ce{->} & \ce{Si(OH)4 + 4C2H4O}\label{eq:TEOS-reaction-1}\\
+\ce{Si(OH)4} & \ce{->} & \ce{SiO2 + 2H2O}\label{eq:TEOS-reaction-2}
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Besides
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ the
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+ package provides the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cf
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! C !
+\backslash
+cf
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ that has to be used for special cases.
+ For more information about
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cf
+\series default
+ and more examples have a look at the documentation of
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "mhchem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Diagrams
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX supports two types of commutative diagrams:
+\series bold
+amscd
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+xymatrix
+\series default
+ that are explained in the following.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Amscd Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! amscd
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Diagrams of this type visualize relations by vertical and horizontal lines
+ or arrows:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
+@AAA@.@VVV\\
+F@<<<E@<<<D
+\end{CD}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To get them, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! C !
+\backslash
+CD
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ is inserted to a formula.
+ A blue box appears with two dashed lines where further commands can be
+ inserted.
+ With
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "newline-insert newline"
+\end_inset
+
+ a new line is created.
+ Horizontal relations are inserted in odd, vertical in even formula lines.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create the relations there are the following commands:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+@<<<
+\series default
+ creates a left arrow,
+\series bold
+@>>>
+\series default
+ a right arrow and
+\series bold
+@=
+\series default
+ a long equal sign
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+@AAA
+\series default
+ creates an up arrow,
+\series bold
+@VVV
+\series default
+ an down arrow and
+\series bold
+@|
+\series default
+ a vertical equal sign
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+
+\series bold
+@.
+
+\series default
+ is a placeholder for non-existent relations
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All arrows can be labeled as follows:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Is text inserted between the first and second < or >, resp., it is placed
+ above the arrow.
+ When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears under
+ the arrow.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+When text for vertical arrows is inserted between the first and second A
+ or V, resp., it is placed left beside the arrow.
+ When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears right
+ beside the arrow.
+ If the text contains an A or V, these letters must be set into a TeX-brace.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As example a diagram with all possible relations:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\begin{CD}A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F\\
+@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
+D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
+\end{CD}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The command for this is:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F Ctrl+Return
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+@AmAA@.@VV
+\backslash
+{V
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+V@| Ctrl+Return
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+CD
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Xymatrix Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! xymatrix
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to use xymatrices, the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+xypic
+\series default
+ must be installed.
+ A xymatrix is created by inserting the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+xymatrix
+\series default
+ in a formula.
+ Then you are able to add new matrix columns and rows like for normal matrices,
+ see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Matrices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In contrary to amscd diagrams, xymatrices supports diagonal and curved arrows,
+ and much more.
+ All possibilities to create commutative diagrams and decorations are explained
+ in detail in the
+\emph on
+XY-pic manual
+\emph default
+ that you find in the menu
+\family sans
+Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Specific
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Manuals
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+
+\noun on
+Feynman
+\noun default
+ Diagrams
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Diagrams ! Feynman
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to use
+\noun on
+Feynman
+\noun default
+-diagrams, the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+feyn
+\series default
+ must be installed.
+ A
+\noun on
+Feynman
+\noun default
+-diagram is created by inserting the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Diagram
+\series default
+ in a formula.
+ Then you are able to add new matrix columns and rows like for normal matrices,
+ see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Matrices"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Examples how to create
+\noun on
+Feynman-
+\noun default
+diagrams in LyX is given in the
+\emph on
+Feynman-diagram manual
+\emph default
+ that you find in the menu
+\family sans
+Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Specific
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Manuals
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+User-defined Commands
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+User-defined commands
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ The names of user-defined commands and macros may only consist of Latin
+ letters.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+The Command
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:The-Command-newcommand"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+User-defined commands !
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! N !
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Many LaTeX-commands are too long to be used frequently.
+ But it is possible to define with the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ new shorter commands.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The command scheme of
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ is:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{new command name}[number of arguments][optional
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+value]
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+{command definition}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Assure that the name of the new command is not already used in your document
+ or by LaTeX-packages that you use.
+ When you for example define the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+le
+\series default
+ for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Leftarrow
+\series default
+, you get an error message because
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+le
+\series default
+ is already defined as command for
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\le$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The number of arguments is an integer in the range 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+-
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+9 and specifies how many arguments the new command should have.
+ With the optional value a value for an optional argument can be predefined.
+ When this is done, the
+\emph on
+first
+\emph default
+
+\emph on
+a
+\emph default
+rgument of the new command is automatically an optional one.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here are some examples:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+To define the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+gr
+\series default
+ for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Longrightarrow
+\series default
+, the LaTeX-preamble line is:
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+gr}{
+\backslash
+Longrightarrow}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+To define the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+us
+\series default
+ for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+underline
+\series default
+, the argument (that should be underlined) must be taken into account.
+ For this the preamble line is:
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+us}[1]{
+\backslash
+underline{#1}}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The character
+\series bold
+#
+\series default
+ acts as argument placeholder, the
+\series bold
+1
+\series default
+ behind it denotes that it is the placeholder for the first argument.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+For
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+framebox
+\series default
+ one can e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+define the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fb
+\series default
+:
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+fb}[3]{
+\backslash
+framebox#1#2{$#3$}}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The two Dollar signs creates the extra formula needed for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+framebox
+\series default
+, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Boxes-with-Frame"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+To create a new command for
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fcolorbox
+\series default
+ where the color for the box needn't to be specified, the argument for the
+ color is defined optional:
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+cb}[3][white]{
+\backslash
+fcolorbox{#2}{#1}{$#3$}}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+When the color is not specified when using
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+cb
+\series default
+, the predefined color
+\series bold
+white
+\series default
+ will be used.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A test of the new defined commands:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $A\gr B$
+\begin_inset Formula $A\gr B$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\us {ABcd}\raisebox {-2mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\us{ABcd}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\fb {[2cm]}{}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\fb{[2cm]}{}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\cb {red}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\cb{red}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {6mm}{}\cb [green]{red}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-4mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{6mm}{}\cb[green]{red}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-4mm}{}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Section
-Diagrams
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Math Macros
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Diagrams
+User-defined commands! Math macros
\end_layout
\end_inset
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Macros
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+User-defined commands are especially convenient for complex expressions.
+ When you are for example dealing in a document with quadratic equations,
+ the same solution type occurs several times.
+ The general form of a quadratic equation is
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+The general form of the solution is
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-To create diagrams, the LaTeX-package
+To define a command for the solution formula where only the three parameters
+
+\begin_inset Formula $\lambda$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $p$
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Formula $q$
+\end_inset
+
+ need to be specified and the index of
+\begin_inset Formula $\lambda$
+\end_inset
+
+ can be given optionally, the LaTeX-preamble line is
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
\series bold
-amscd
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+qG}[4][1,
+\backslash
+,2]{#2_{#1}=-
+\backslash
+frac{#3}{2}
+\backslash
+pm
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
-amscd
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+sqrt{
+\backslash
+frac{#3^{2}}{4}-#4}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create with this the solution formula, the command
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+qG{
+\backslash
+lambda
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+{p
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+{q
\series default
- is part of every LaTeX standard installation.
+ is inserted to a formula
+\series bold
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The definition of the new command is unintuitive because one has to know
+ the schemes of all used LaTeX commands, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+that a fraction is inserted in LaTeX as
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+frac{numerator}{denominator}
+\series default
+.
+ Furthermore one can easily forget a brace in the definition and cannot
+ see in LyX what the new command is doing.
+ To avoid these problems LyX offers the possibility to use math macros instead
+ of the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A math macro is created by using the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro_newmacroname_newcommand.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The math macro toolbar appears together with the following box where the
+ macro is defined:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/macrobox.png
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset FormulaMacro
+\newcommand{\qG}[4][1,\,2]{#2_{#1}=-\frac{#3}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{#3^{2}}{4}-#4}}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+newmacroname is the default name of the macro that should be changed to
+ something sensible.
+ The wanted formula is inserted in the first blue box.
+ An argument placeholder is inserted with the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+#argumentnumber
+\series default
+, e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+#1
+\series default
+ or by using the macro toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-add-param.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ Argument placeholders are displayed red.
+ Maximum 9 arguments are possible.
+ Optional arguments are created with the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-add-optional-param.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The first non-optional argument can be transformed to an optional one with
+ the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-make-optional.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ In the second blue box the appearance of the macro in LyX can be defined.
+ Normally you want to see it as it is defined, so the box is kept empty.
+ But when you have created a macro that needs lot of space on the screen,
+ you can insert in the box for example
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+qG:
+\backslash
+#1
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+,
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+#2
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+,
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+#3,
+\backslash
+#4
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+For the macro only the arguments with the macro name in front of them will
+ then be displayed in LyX, leading to a better overview.
+ The formula appears in the output as defined in the first box.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+The appearance of macros in formulas can furthermore be changed for single
+ macros by setting the cursor in the macro and using the menu
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+(Un)fold
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Math
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Macro
+\family default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use a macro, the macro name is inserted as command to a formula, in our
+ case
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+qG
+\series default
+.
+ Our macro looks in LyX like this:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/macrouse.png
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+Here is our macro example with the arguments
+\begin_inset Formula $x$
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset Formula $\ln(x)$
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset Formula $B$
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\qG x{\ln(x)}B
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX offers in the menu
+\family sans
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Editing\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Control
+\family default
+ different styles to edit macros.
+ To find the style that suits you the most, choose a style and set the cursor
+ in a macro formula to see the difference.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A math macro is transformed internally to a
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ command when exporting the document.
+ The created
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ command is not placed in the LaTeX-preamble, therefore macros can only
+ be used in formulas that are in the document below the macro definition
+ box.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Math macros can also be directly be created from a
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ command.
+ When writing for example the command
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+newcommand{
+\backslash
+larrow}[2]{
+\backslash
+xleftarrow[#2]{#1}}
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+in LyX as normal text, highlighting it completely and using then the shortcut
+
+\family sans
+Ctrl+M
+\family default
+, the command will be transformed to a math macro.
+ Using this method you need to be careful that the
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ command is typed correctly, otherwise you get a faulty macro leading to
+ LaTeX errors.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Math macros currently yet have the problem that further formulas in macro
+ definitions are handled wrongly.
+ Therefore the example
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+fb
+\series default
+ from
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:The-Command-newcommand"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ cannot be created as macro.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When the cursor is in a macro definition box, you will see the macro toolbar
+ in LyX:
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename clipart/MacroToolbar.png
+
\end_inset
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Packages ! amscd
+Macros ! Toolbar
\end_layout
\end_inset
- is needed.
- It is loaded in the LaTeX-preamble with the line
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-\backslash
-usepackage{amscd}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Diagrams visualize relations and look like this:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
-@AAA@.@VVV\\
-F@<<<E@<<<D\end{CD}\]
+The macro toolbar contains from left to right the following buttons:
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace defskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-To get them, the command
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="85col%">
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Commands ! C !
-\backslash
-CD
-\end_layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-remove-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
-\series default
- is inserted to a formula.
- A blue box appears with two dashed lines where further commands can be
- inserted.
- With
-\family sans
-Ctrl-Return
-\family default
- a new line is created.
- Horizontal relations are inserted in odd, vertical in even formula lines.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-To create the relations there are the following commands:
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-\series bold
-@<<<
-\series default
- creates a left arrow,
-\series bold
-@>>>
-\series default
- a right arrow, and
-\series bold
-@=
-\series default
- a long equal sign
-\end_layout
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
-\series bold
-@AAA
-\series default
- creates an up arrow,
-\series bold
-@VVV
-\series default
- an down arrow, and
-\series bold
-@|
-\series default
- a vertical equal sign
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Remove Last Argument
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-@.
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-\series default
- is a placeholder for non-existent relations
-\end_layout
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-add-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
-\begin_layout Standard
-All arrows can be labeled as follows:
-\end_layout
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Is text inserted between the first and second < or >, resp., it is placed
- above the arrow.
- When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears under
- the arrow.
-\end_layout
-\begin_layout Itemize
-When text for vertical arrows is inserted between the first and second A
- or V, resp., it is placed left beside the arrow.
- When it is inserted between the second and third one, it appears right
- beside the arrow.
- If the text contains an A or V, these letters must be set into a TeX-brace.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-As example a diagram with all possible relations:
-\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\begin{CD}A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F\\
-@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
-D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C\end{CD}\]
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Append Argument
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-The command for this is:
-\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-make-optional.png
+ rotateOrigin center
-\series bold
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\end_layout
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-\backslash
-spce
-\end_layout
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F Ctrl-Enter
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Make First Non-Optional into
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-\backslash
-hphantom{
\end_layout
\end_inset
+Optional Argument
+\end_layout
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-make-nonoptional.png
+ rotateOrigin center
+
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-spce
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Make Last Optional into
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
-@AmAA@.@VV
-\backslash
-{V
-\series default
+Non-Optional Argument
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-remove-optional-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
-\series bold
-V@| Ctrl-Enter
-\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-hphantom{
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Remove Optional Argument
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-
-\backslash
-CD
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-add-optional-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
+
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-spce
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-}
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Insert Optional Argument
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
-\end_layout
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-remove-greedy-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Section
-Tips
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-texorpdfstring{
-\end_layout
-
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Remove Last Argument
+\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Other useful math tips can be found in
-\begin_inset CommandInset citation
-LatexCommand cite
-key "Voss"
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-.
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
+Spitting Out To The Right
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-append-greedy-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
+
+\end_inset
+
-}{}
\end_layout
\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Note Note
-status collapsed
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Append Argument
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-texorpdfstring is used to avoid that the footnote appears in the PDF-bookmark.
-\end_layout
+
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-More about
-\backslash
-texorpdfstring is in section
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Formulas-in-Section"
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-.
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
+Eating From The Right
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Tips
-\end_layout
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/math-macro-add-greedy-optional-param.png
+ rotateOrigin center
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+\end_layout
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Ions|see
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-{
-\end_layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Append Optional Argument
+\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-Chemical characters
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
-}
-\end_layout
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Macro
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
+Definition\SpecialChar \menuseparator
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
+Eating From The Right
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Chemical Symbols and Equations
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
-
\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Chemical characters ! Symbols
\end_layout
-\end_inset
-
+\begin_layout Section
+Computer Algebra Systems
+\end_layout
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+\begin_layout Standard
+LyX offers the exchange between mathematical expressions written in LyX's
+ math editor and external applications or user defined scripts.
+ Currently supported applications are
+\family sans
+Maple
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Mathematica
+\family default
+,
+\family sans
+Maxima
+\family default
+ and
+\family sans
+Octave
+\family default
+.
+ Note that the set of supported mathematical constructs is limited only
+ to very simple cases.
+\end_layout
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Chemical equations
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Usage
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Write some expression in a formula, go to the
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Use Computer Algebra System
+\family default
+ menu and choose the application you have installed on the computer.
+ After that the result of computation should show on the right side of the
+ expression together with the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
+=
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
-status collapsed
+ operator.
+\end_layout
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Symbols ! chemical
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here are few simple examples (with results from
+\family typewriter
+Maxima
+\family default
+) to show what kind of computations can be performed:
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37}{3}*2-\sum_{i=1}^{3}i^{i}=-\frac{22}{3}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-An example text from chemistry:
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37.0}{3}=12.33333333333333$
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Quote
-The
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\int_{1}^{2}\sin(x)dx=\cos1-\cos2$
\end_inset
--ion reacts with two
-\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Na^{+}}$
-\end_inset
--ions to sodium sulfate
-\begin_inset Formula $\left(\mathrm{Na_{2}SO_{4}}\right)$
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\det\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
+1 & 6 & 7\\
+2 & 5 & 8\\
+3 & 4 & 17
+\end{array}\right]=-56$
\end_inset
-.
- The chemical equation for this is:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\]
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\rightarrow0}\left(\frac{\sin(x)}{x}\right)=1$
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Keyboard shortcut
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
-This chemical equation can directly be created as formula.
- To avoid that the symbols appear italic, everything is highlighted and
- changed by the shortcut
+Currently there is no keyboard shortcut for calling the algebra applications.
+ One can easily bind a shortcut to the
+\family sans
+math-extern
+\family default
+ LyX function (see the
\family sans
-Alt-c
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\emph on
+LyX Functions
+\family default
+\emph default
+ manual).
+ One could e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-r
+g.
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+bind the
+\family sans
+Return
\family default
- to the upright font style.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
+ key inside the math editor.
+ To bind it to
+\family typewriter
+Maxima
+\family default
+ one would use this shortcut definition command:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-font styles
\series bold
-
-\series default
-see
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "sub:Font-Styles"
+command-alternatives break-paragraph;math-extern maxima
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Section
+Tips
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Tips
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Negative Numbers
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-Comma as Decimal Separator
-\begin_inset Index
+Comma as decimal Separator
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Standard
To avoid this, the comma is highlighted and changed to mathematical text
(shortcut
-\family sans
-Alt-m
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-mode"
\end_inset
-m
-\family default
).
\end_layout
was
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Packages ! was
-\begin_inset VSpace 4mm
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+vspace{4mm}
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
braket
\series default
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-braket
-\series default
- should be part of every LaTeX standard installation.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
The following commands are defined:
\end_layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Bra {\psi}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Bra{\psi}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Ket {\psi}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Ket{\psi}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\Braket {\psi|\phi}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\Braket{\psi|\phi}$
\end_inset
Braket
\series default
assures that all vertical bars are set in the size of the surrounding brackets:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\Braket {\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\, M_{J}}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
genfrac
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\backslash
-phantom{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
+\series bold
\backslash
genfrac
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
The style is a number in the range of 0
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
3.
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\begin_layout Standard
When no fraction bar thickness is given, the predefined value of 0.4
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
pt will be used.
\begin_layout Standard
A test:
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{align*}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align*}
\text{Command} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[1mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B} & & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[5mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B}\\
-\text{Result} & & \fracS [1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS [5mm]{A}{B}\end{align*}
+\text{Result} & & \fracS[1mm]{A}{B} & & \fracS[5mm]{A}{B}
+\end{align*}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Subsection
Canceled Formulas
-\begin_inset CommandInset label
-LatexCommand label
-name "sub:Canceled-Formulas"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
cancel
\series default
-\begin_inset Foot
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-cancel
-\series default
- is part of every LaTeX standard installation.
+Packages ! cancel
\end_layout
\end_inset
+ has to be loaded with the LaTeX-preamble line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
-\begin_inset Index
+\backslash
+usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Packages ! cancel
+
+
+\backslash
+ifcancel
\end_layout
\end_inset
- has to be loaded with the LaTeX-preamble line
-\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The following table will only be displayed when the LaTeX-package
\series bold
+cancel
+\series default
+ is installed.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
-\backslash
-usepackage[samesize]{cancel}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-hspace
-\series default
- and
+The space and
\series bold
\backslash
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\cancel {\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\cancel{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\bcancel {\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\bcancel{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {4.5mm}{}\xcancel {\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\xcancel{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}$
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox {7mm}{}\cancelto {1}{\int A=B}\raisebox {-2.5mm}{}\hspace {3mm}$
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{7mm}{}\cancelto{1}{\int A=B}\raisebox{-2.5mm}{}\hspace{3mm}$
\end_inset
cancelto
\series default
is especially suitable to visualize the reduction of fractions within formulas:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto {2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel {1+b^{2}}}\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+else
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+cancel
+\series default
+ is not installed:
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You need to install the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+cancel
+\series default
+ to see the rest of this subsection in the output.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+fi
+\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
hyperref
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
support is enabled in the document settings dialog under
\family sans
PDF
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Properties
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Short
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Title
\backslash
texorpdfstring{part}{alternative}
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset OptArg
+\begin_inset Argument
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
To get the same formatting as for the other headings, the complete heading
was set into a
\series bold
-boldmath environment
+boldmath
\series default
-
+ environment
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\begin_layout Subsection
Formulas in multi-column Text
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Note herby that the setting
\family sans
Two-column
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
document
under
\family sans
Text
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
Layout
\begin_layout Standard
is written in TeX-mode.
The column number is a number in the range of 2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
10.
\begin_layout Standard
Due to the command some space is automatically added before the formula.
To revert this, -6
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm vertical space is inserted before the formula.
\series default
is used, -9
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
mm space is inserted instead.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang german
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
Das Spektrum wird fouriertransformiert.
- the Fouriertransformation wird verwendet, um the überlagerten Signale (Netzwerk
+ Die Fouriertransformation wird verwendet, um die überlagerten Signale (Netzwerk
, Lösungsmittel) zu trennen.
- Nachdem wir the Phasenverschiebung bestimmen konnten, interessiert uns
+ Nachdem wir die Phasenverschiebung bestimmen konnten, interessiert uns
nun das Aussehen des Ausgangssignals.
- Im Experiment haben wir es with sehr vielen Teilchen zu tun, so that man
+ Im Experiment haben wir es mit sehr vielen Teilchen zu tun, so dass man
über alle Phasen integrieren muss.
Sei nun
\begin_inset Formula $S$
\end_inset
- unser normiertes Ausgangssignal and
+ unser normiertes Ausgangssignal und
\begin_inset Formula $P$
\end_inset
- the Phasenverteilungsfunktion, so ergibt sich the Beziehung
+ die Phasenverteilungsfunktion, so ergibt sich die Beziehung
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
-S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi\label{eq:fouriertrafo}\end{equation}
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi
+\end{equation}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Formula $S_{0}$
\end_inset
- das Signal ohne Gradient ist and the Normierungsbedingung
+ das Signal ohne Gradient ist und die Normierungsbedingung
\begin_inset Formula $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\,\mathrm{d}\phi=1$
\end_inset
gilt.
- Nun dürfen wir aber nicht the Relaxationsprozess außer Acht lassen.
- Direkt nach the
+ Nun dürfen wir aber nicht den Relaxationsprozess außer Acht lassen.
+ Direkt nach dem
\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{\pi}{2}$
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
--rf-Puls beginnt sich the Magnetisierung zu entfokussieren, wodurch sich
+-rf-Puls beginnt sich die Magnetisierung zu entfokussieren, wodurch sich
das Signal zusätzlich abschwächt.
- Diese Abschwächung verläuft exponentiell in Abhängigkeit the so genannten
+ Diese Abschwächung verläuft exponentiell in Abhängigkeit der so genannten
\begin_inset Formula $T_{2}$
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+
+\lang german
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
Formulas with Description of Variables
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
matrix is used with left aligned columns for the
\end_inset
To set the description in a smaller size, before the matrix e.
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
g.
-\begin_inset Space ~
+\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
the command
\end_inset
consists of five columns whereas in the first two columns contain the equation,
- the third the matrix, and the last one an empty TeX-brace.
-\begin_inset Formula \begin{flalign}
-\hspace {30pt}F_{A} & =\rho·V·g & \footnotesize \begin{array}{ll}
+ the third the matrix and the last one an empty TeX-brace.
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{flalign}
+\hspace{30pt}F_{A} & =\rho·V·g & \footnotesize\begin{array}{ll}
\rho & \textrm{density}\\
V & \textrm{volume}\\
-g & \textrm{gravitational acceleration}\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}\end{flalign}
+g & \textrm{gravitational acceleration}
+\end{array} & & {}\label{eq:within}
+\end{flalign}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
was
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
Packages ! was
-\begin_inset VSpace 4mm
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+vspace{4mm}
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\series bold
upgreek
\series default
- is installed.
+ is installed:
\end_layout
\end_inset
uptau
\series default
creates this:
-\begin_inset Formula $\uptau $
+\begin_inset Formula $\uptau$
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
With these commands reactions of elementary particles can be typeset:
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\uppi ^{+}\to\upmu ^{+}+\upnu _{\upmu }\]
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\uppi^{+}\to\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}
+\]
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Section
\start_of_appendix
-Typographic Advises
-\begin_inset Index
+Typographic Advice
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Typographic Advises
+Typographic advice
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
that lists some of the ISO rules.
+ More rules are listed in
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "Checklist"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-: 30
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+, no matter if they appear in italic text: 30
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
km/h
\end_inset
.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Percent and perthousand signs are set like physical units:
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-1,2
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+This convention is automatically fulfilled when the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+unittwo
+\series default
+ is used.
+ When it is entered to a formula, two boxes appear.
+ In the first one the value is inserted, in the second one the unit, and
+ one gets as above:
+\begin_inset Formula $\unit[30]{km/h}$
\end_inset
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+.
+ Note that
+\series bold
+\backslash
+unittwo
+\series default
+ is not a real LaTeX command but the command
+\series bold
\backslash
-textperthousand
+unit[value]{unit}
+\series default
+, therefore you cannot use it in TeX code.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Itemize
+Percent and perthousand signs are set like physical units:
+\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-
-\begin_inset Space ~
+1,2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-alcohol in blood
+‰ alcohol in blood
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
The degree sign follows directly on the value: 15°, but not when it is used
in units: 15
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
°C
\noun off
\color none
18
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
473
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
588
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-For dimensionings like 120×90×40
-\begin_inset Space \thinspace{}
+For dimensions like 120×90×40
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
cm the multiplication sign
\end_inset
is used.
- It is available with the LaTeX-command
+ It is available either via the command
\series bold
\backslash
-texttimes
+times
\series default
-, but can also directly be inserted with some keyboard definitions.
+ or via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Special Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Symbols
+\family default
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-The differentiation/integration operator 'd', the Euler's number 'e', and
+The differentiation/integration operator 'd', the Euler's number 'e' and
the imaginary unit 'i' should be set upright, to avoid mixing them up with
other variables.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Itemize
+The character that denotes a
+\noun on
+Fourier
+\noun default
+ transformation is inserted either by the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+mathscr
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+F
+\series default
+ or via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Special Character\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Symbols\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Letterlike
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Symbols
+\family default
+:
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathscr{F}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
\begin_layout Section
Synonyms
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
-<features>
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Space \hfill{}
+\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "TLC2"
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Mathmode"
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
-\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
-LatexCommand bibitem
-key "Voss"
-
-\end_inset
-
-LaTeX tips and tricks-
-\begin_inset CommandInset href
-LatexCommand href
-name "page"
-target "http://tug.org/TeXnik/"
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "AMS"
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
-key "Symbole"
+key "Symbols"
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "hyperref"
hyperref
\series default
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "mhchem"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Documentation"
+target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/mhchem/mhchem.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! mhchem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Mathclap"
\end_inset
-\begin_inset Index
+\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Duden"
Auflage, Duden 2001
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsubsection*
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\labelwidthstring References
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "Checklist"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Check list"
+target "http://physics.nist.gov/Document/checklist.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for reviewing manuscripts
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset CommandInset index_print
LatexCommand printindex
+type "idx"
\end_inset
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff