-#LyX 2.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
-\lyxformat 413
+#LyX 2.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 447
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass scrbook
% extra space for tables
\newcommand{\extratablespace}[1]{\noalign{\vskip#1}}
+\usepackage{enumitem}
\end_preamble
\options fleqn,bibliography=totoc,index=totoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,captions=tableheading
\use_default_options false
logicalmkup
theorems-ams
theorems-ams-extended
+multicol
\end_modules
\maintain_unincluded_children false
\begin_local_layout
\font_roman default
\font_sans default
\font_typewriter default
+\font_math auto
\font_default_family default
\use_non_tex_fonts false
\font_sc false
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100
\font_tt_scale 100
-
\graphics default
\default_output_format default
\output_sync 0
\pdf_quoted_options "linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false"
\papersize default
\use_geometry false
-\use_amsmath 1
-\use_esint 0
-\use_mhchem 1
-\use_mathdots 1
+\use_package amsmath 1
+\use_package amssymb 1
+\use_package esint 0
+\use_package mathdots 1
+\use_package mathtools 0
+\use_package mhchem 1
+\use_package undertilde 0
\cite_engine basic
+\cite_engine_type numerical
+\biblio_style plain
\use_bibtopic false
\use_indices false
\paperorientation portrait
\suppress_date false
+\justification true
\use_refstyle 0
+\notefontcolor #0000ff
\index Index
\shortcut idx
\color #008000
\papercolumns 1
\papersides 2
\paperpagestyle headings
-\tracking_changes false
+\tracking_changes true
\output_changes false
\html_math_output 0
\html_css_as_file 0
\html_be_strict true
+\author 819523532 "Kayvan Sylvan"
\end_header
\begin_body
User's Guide\SpecialChar \@.
\emph default
- The reason for separating this document out is simple: the
+ The reason for separating the two documents is simple: the
\emph on
User's Guide
\emph default
\begin_layout Plain Layout
View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Format
+View
\end_layout
\end_inset
\begin_layout Plain Layout
View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Update\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Format
+Update
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-If you've run LaTeX using
+If you have run LaTeX using
\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
status collapsed
\end_inset
, LyX then runs a DVI viewer to display the DVI-file.
- If you've used
+ If you have used
\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
status collapsed
TeX Code
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+
+ or the keyboard shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "ert-insert"
\end_inset
.
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-This is an example for a minipage environment.
+This is an example of a minipage environment.
You
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
box containing this text is directly after this paragraph.
Those of you reading the manual in LyX will only see the TeX code inset.
Those reading a printed version of the manuals will see the actual results:
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
+status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-This is an example for a minipage environment.
+This is an example of a minipage environment.
You can put nearly everything in it, even (non-floating) figures and tables.
\end_layout
\end_inset
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
-Beware reinventing the wheel.
+Beware of reinventing the wheel.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
- for details, and see chapter
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "cha:secrets"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
+ for details.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
LaTeX packages provide special commands, which are only available within
a document when the package has been declared in the preamble.
+ In addition to providing special commands, the inclusion of a package can
+ change the document.
For example, the package
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-There are several LaTeX counters and variables which
+There are several LaTeX counters and variables that
\emph on
must
\emph default
be set globally from within the preamble in order to have the desired effect.
- (There are variables which you can set and reset inside the document, too.)
- Margins are a good example of something which must be set in the preamble.
+ (There are variables that you can set and reset inside the document, too.)
+ Margins are a good example of something that must be set in the preamble.
Another example is the label format for lists.
You can actually set these just about anywhere, but it's best to do it
just once, inside the preamble.
\begin_layout Standard
You can also check out the preamble of this document to get an idea of some
of the advanced things you can do.
- Also, there are more examples and an assortment of LaTeX
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-dirty tricks
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- given in Chapter
-\begin_inset space ~
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset CommandInset ref
-LatexCommand ref
-reference "cha:secrets"
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
When LyX calls LaTeX, it tells LaTeX to blithely ignore any errors and keep
going.
It then uses the logfile from the LaTeX run to do a post-mortem.
- After analyzing the logfile,LyX displays a dialog listing the errors.
+ After analyzing the logfile, LyX displays a dialog listing the errors.
Clicking on any one of them will take you to the position in your LyX file
where the error occurred.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
- LaTeX Error: File
+LaTeX Error: File
\begin_inset Quotes els
\end_inset
\end_inset
-, than the established
+, then the established
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
.
You are free to use the same or different styles for each section.
- Additionally, you can chose if the bibliography section should contain
+ Additionally, you can choose if the bibliography section should contain
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_inset
- removes the bibliography title, you have manually re-add that, too (as
+ removes the bibliography title, you have to manually re-add that, too (as
a chapter* or section*, for instance).
\end_layout
\end_inset
(those commands have to be inserted as TeX code).
- The bibliography will contain all references which have been cited in the
+ The bibliography will contain all references that have been cited in the
current
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
is really only meaningful to LaTeXperts, but the practical difference is
- that files which are
+ that files that are
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- are typeset beginning on a new page, while files which are
+ are typeset beginning on a new page, while files that are
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Generally, the master file is converted into a full LaTeX file before typesettin
-g, while the included files are converted to LaTeX files which do not have
+g, while the included files are converted to LaTeX files that do not have
all the preamble information.
\end_layout
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
First, open all the files in question: let's call them A and B in a two
file example, where B is included in A.
Let's say you insert a label in A, then want to reference it in B.
- Open the cross-reference dialog in whilst in document B, and you can select
+ Open the cross-reference dialog whilst in document B, and you can select
the
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-As the bibliography list is in a comment, LaTeX won't use use it and the
- references will look like this: [?], instead of like this: [1].
+As the bibliography list is in a comment, LaTeX won't use it and the references
+ will look like this: [?], instead of like this: [1].
One solution is to use the LaTeX-package
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\begin_layout Standard
You will now see your name in the upper left.
If a field has a default entry that you would like to get rid of (often
- the page number appears in the central footer, simply include a command
+ the page number appears in the central footer) simply include a command
with a blank argument, e.
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
The six panels are divided up by the packages they require.
- The following table shows the mappings from button name to LaTeX packages.
+ The following table shows the mappings from button name to LaTeX package.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
-<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "accessed online"
-target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/browser/lyx-devel/trunk/development/HTML/HTML.notes"
+target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/browser/lyxgit/development/HTML/HTML.notes?rev=master"
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Another useful tool is command-line based client you will find in
+Another useful tool is the command-line based clientfound in
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-In most cases LyX will do the work for you by enabling
+In most cases LyX will do the work for you by enabling the option
\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
-Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
Synchronize with Output
\end_layout
+\end_inset
+
+ in the menu
+\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output
+\end_layout
+
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Please note that including the
+Note that the method
+\begin_inset Flex Code
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+synctex=1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ enables gzip compression.
+ If your viewer does not support it, you should instead use
+\begin_inset Flex Code
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+synctex=-1
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Please aöso note that including the
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\end_inset
.
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-The
+Note that the option
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\end_inset
- select Ly
-\begin_inset ERT
+ choose
+\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+custom
+\end_layout
-{}
+\end_inset
+
+ preset and enter command
+\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+/Applications/LyX.app/Contents/MacOS/lyxeditor
\end_layout
\end_inset
-X.
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-SumatraPDF.sh
+SumatraPDF -inverse-search "lyxeditor -g %f %l"
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-, where
-\begin_inset Flex Code
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-SumatraPDF.sh
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- is the following script (to be placed in your command PATH,
-\begin_inset Flex Code
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-/usr/local/bin
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- being the best choice):
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-#!/bin/bash
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-cd $(dirname $1)
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-SumatraPDF -inverse-search "lyxeditor -g %f %l" $(basename $1)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-This wrapper script is needed because SumatraPDF is a native Windows application
- and does not understand the posix paths used by the Cygwin version of LyX.
- If SumatraPDF.exe is not in your command PATH, use its full posix path in
- the script above.
+.
+ If SumatraPDF.exe is not in your command PATH, use its full posix path.
The
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- to reverse search.
+ of reverse search.
It allows you to let the viewer jump to a given position from within LyX.
If forward search is set up (as described in what follows), you can put
the cursor anywhere in your LyX document, and hit
can select from the drop down list.
If none of these configurations suits you, you have to find out and enter
a suitable configuration yourself.
- The definition syntax uses the following placeholders:
+ The definition syntax uses the following placeholders:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_inset
-: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file
+: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file (without path)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Itemize
+\noindent
+\begin_inset Flex Code
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+$$f
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file (including path)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_layout Standard
Note that only some of the viewers provide full forward search functionality,
- among them yap, xdvi, okular and Sumatra PDF
+ among them yap, xdvi, okular and Sumatra PDF.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-For Sumatra CMCDDE is needed --- downloadable from http://www.istri.fr/zip/CMCDDE.z
-ip
+For Sumatra CMCDDE is needed --- downloadable from
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+target "http://www.istri.fr/zip/CMCDDE.zip"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
-.
While many of the widespread PDF viewers (most notably Adobe Reader) do
not support forward search at all, some other viewers -- e.
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
.
- These latter functionality is provided by an external call of synctex (see
+ This latter functionality is provided by an external call of synctex (see
the predefined example configurations).
\end_layout
\end_inset
- module, which is loaded by default when when you select one of the AMS
- classes.
+ module, which is loaded by default when you select one of the AMS classes.
(It can also be used with other classes and can be removed, if you would
rather use something else.) Less commonly used environments are in the
\begin_inset Flex Code
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\emph on
\begin_inset space \space{}
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-, lots will probably never, due to the limitations of LyX's framework.
+, lots will probably never be supported, due to the limitations of LyX's
+ framework.
Of course you can still use all features with the help of some native LaTeX
commands (TeX code
\begin_inset Foot
\end_inset
).
- In this section, we can only list those features which are natively supported
+ In this section, we can only list those features that are natively supported
by LyX.
For detailed descriptions (and for the rest of features) we recommend you
have a look at the detailed manual of the Memoir class
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
-, i.
-\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
-\end_inset
-
-g.
-\begin_inset space \space{}
-\end_inset
-
-without pagina).
+).
If you want an empty title page, type
\family typewriter
\begin_layout Section
Article (mwart), book (mwbk) and report (mwrep)
-\begin_inset Argument
+\begin_inset Argument status
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\family typewriter
chktex
\family default
- it from CTAN,
+ from CTAN,
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/entries/chktex.html"
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
-In you are in bad luck, the text will break right between the referenced
- text and reference number, and that's a pity.
+If you have bad luck, the text will break right between the referenced text
+ and reference number, and that's a pity.
See section
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
\family sans
ChkTeX
\family default
-, and this gap can make some warnings seem arcane or just right down plain
- silly.
+, and this gap can make some warnings seem arcane or just plain silly.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
- to the internal document structure, some of the warnings will not seen
- to appear correctly.
+ to the internal document structure, some of the warnings will not appear
+ correctly.
There are two things you can do about this:
\end_layout
ChkTeX
\family default
invocation command line in
-\family sans
-Preferences
-\family default
- (tabs
-\family sans
-Outputs
-\family default
-,
-\family sans
-Misc
-\family default
-), or the global
+\begin_inset Flex MenuItem
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Output\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+LaTeX\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+CheckTeX command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, or the global
\family sans
ChkTeX
\family default
).
See below to learn what warnings can be enabled and disabled on the command
line.
-
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-A friend of mine wanted to try LyX for a group project.
- When he didn't find support for version control or file locking, he dropped
- it.
- This angered me a bit, so I thought that I should at least make support
- for RCS (with the possibility of CVS and/or SCCS as a future improvement.)
- This has been done.
- LyX now supports some of the most basic RCS/CVS/SVN commands.
+LyX supports some of the most basic RCS/CVS/SVN commands.
If you need something a bit more sophisticated you will have to do that
manually in a terminal.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Also note that CVS support is not as good as subversion support so we advice
+Also note that CVS support is not as good as subversion support so we advise
using SVN instead.
- Good place to start with Subversion is SVN Book
+ A good place to start learning Subversion is SVN Book
\begin_inset Foot
status open
\end_inset
.
- In case of RCS you should read
+ In the case of RCS you should read
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The implementation in LyX assumes a recent version of the GNU RCS or CVS/SVN
+Before you begin to use the version control features in LyX, you should
+ be familiar with RCS/CVS/SVN usage.
+ The implementation in LyX assumes a recent version of the GNU RCS or CVS/SVN
package—no guarantees are made for older versions.
Most of the log messages are not currently displayed after operations —
- you can check them in Messages pane if unsure.
+ you can check them in the Messages pane if unsure.
+ Regular users of version control will appreciate VC toolbar, which can
+ be enabled via
+\family sans
+View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Toolbars\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Version
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Control
+\family default
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
Control
\family default
submenu.
- LyX was tested against RCS 5.7.
+ LyX was tested against RCS 5.7/5.8
+\begin_inset Foot
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Note that old DOS / MS Windows builds (5.7) need to setup environment variables
+ in order to work properly with LyX.
+ In particular time zone (TZ) should be set and more importantly RCSINIT
+ in order to change default archive location ("SET RCSINIT=-x,v/") --- LyX
+ expects archive to be found in file.lyx,v within the original document directory.
+ See also README shipped with Windows RCS binaries.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsubsection
\end_inset
- in case you have already the documents directory under CVS control (in
- particular
+ in the case you have already the documents directory under CVS control
+ (in particular
\family typewriter
CVS/Entries
\family default
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
-<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<features rotate="0" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
<row>
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Compared with Linux setting up svn client to communicate over ssh under
+Compared with Linux setting up an svn client to communicate over ssh under
Windows is a rather troublesome task.
We will at least offer some hints how to setup the client side but prior
knowledge about ssh and the Windows command line is needed, also be prepared
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
-Get a svn client for windows, as described in the previous sections.
+Get an svn client for windows, as described in the previous sections.
When it is a fresh install run some svn command (e.g.
\begin_inset Flex Code
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
-Choose a ssh client for Windows.
+Choose an ssh client for Windows.
There are several possibilities, we will use the one from Putty tools
\begin_inset Foot
status open
\end_inset
-/
+ /
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-When the collsraborators are mixing Linux and Windows environments, LyX
- will use different line endings inside the .lyx files.
+When the collaborators are mixing Linux and Windows environments, LyX will
+ use different line endings inside the .lyx files.
This is not a problem as far as LyX functionality is concerned, but the
commit diffs will be huge and merge-conflicts prone.
Fortunately SVN itself knows
dumps.
While this is useful for plain text files, it is much less useful in the
- case of LyX files, which have more complicated structure.
+ case of LyX files, which have more a complicated structure.
Hence we provide binding to the Document comparison feature.
- They are two ways of calling this feature - either by direct call of
+ There are two ways of calling this feature - either by direct call of
\begin_inset Flex Code
status collapsed
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
-LyX and Literate Programming
+LyX and Literate Programming with Noweb
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Paragraph
-Selecting the document class
+Using the noweb module
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
If you have installed Noweb and LyX successfully, whenever you open a new
- document or try to change the document class of an existing one, you will
- find that there are three new document classes available:
-\end_layout
+ document, after you have chosen its document class, use the Document->Settings
+ menu to add the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Article (Noweb)
-\end_layout
+noweb
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Book (Noweb)
-\end_layout
+ module.
+ If Noweb is correctly installed, when you click on the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Report (Noweb)
+Modules
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ link, you will see the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+noweb
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ module in the available list and you can add it to your document.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-You must select one of them to create your literate documents from.
-
+\begin_layout Paragraph
+Typing code in
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Note that literate documents are not limited to these three classes.
- New classes can be generated from other styles like letter or in combination
- with other class variations like Article (AMS).
- If you have special needs that cannot be covered by one of the existing
- classes, let the LyX developers list (lyx-devel@lists.lyx.org) know and we
- will arrange to insert a new entry, or teach you how to do it.
-\begin_inset Foot
+LyX enables you to write code with a layout named
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904450
+
+\begin_inset Flex Noun
status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
-It is very simple, it involves the creation of a file with four lines, and
- re-running of the auto configuration.
+
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904450
+Chunk
+\change_unchanged
+
\end_layout
\end_inset
- Moreover, if you use a literate tool other than Noweb you may need to create
- a new set of document classes for it.
-\end_layout
-\begin_layout Paragraph
-Typing code in
-\end_layout
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904406
-\begin_layout Standard
-LyX enables you to write code with a layout named
\noun on
Scrap
+\change_unchanged
+
\noun default
.
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904396
+
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed
\end_inset
- Noweb delimits scraps like this:
+
+\change_unchanged
+ Noweb delimits
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904459
+scraps
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904461
+chunks
+\change_unchanged
+ like this:
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
-<<My scrap>>=
+<<My
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904469
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904470
+code
+\change_unchanged
+>>=
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset
-g.
+e.
\begin_inset space \space{}
\end_inset
LyX should be prevented from making any special interpretation of what has
been written.
- This is handled by a special layout named Scrap, that works like a normal
- paragraph but has a free spacing capability.
+ This is handled by a special layout named
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904493
+Scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904494
+Chunk
+\change_unchanged
+, that works like a normal paragraph but has a free spacing capability.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The down side of the Scrap paragraph layout is that consecutive paragraphs
- of code will be spaced with one empty line in the source code and also
- in the printed documentation.
- The work around is to enter each line of code within a single Scrap, with
- a newline (ctrl-return).
- The example above will look like this:
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-If you have a printed version of this document you will not see any difference
- between the previous example and this one.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-<<My scrap>>=
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
- code
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
- more code
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
- even more code
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
- @
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-This layout works fine.
- The only real inconvenience is that you have to type ctrl-return instead
- of a plain return.
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-It is in my list of
+As a special note, you can also use the
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-improvements
+%def
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- to fix that.
+ construct of Noweb in your
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904503
+scraps
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904504
+chunks
+\change_unchanged
+ to add items to Noweb's identifier cross-reference:
\end_layout
-\end_inset
-
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
+<<My
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904516
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904517
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+>>=
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904523
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-As a special note, you can also use the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
-%def
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904528
+
+\change_unchanged
+def some_function(args):
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904543
- construct of Noweb in your scraps to add items to Noweb's identifier cross-refe
-rence:
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
-<<My scrap>>=
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
- def some_function(args):
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904543
+
+\change_unchanged
+ "This is the doc string for this function."
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904550
- "This is the doc string for this function."
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout LyX-Code
- print "My args: ", args
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904550
+
+\change_unchanged
+ print "My args: ", args
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
\begin_layout Enumerate
Note that the only difference so far is in the name of the file, no special
processing is required by LyX.
- Given that you formatted the code using the Scrap layout that, by itself,
- takes care of the business.
+ Given that you formatted the code using the
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904586
+Scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904587
+Chunk
+\change_unchanged
+ layout that, by itself, takes care of the business.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
\family typewriter
build-script $$i
\family default
-
+ $$r
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
\end_inset
(a program or script) with the name of the Noweb file (normally a file
- in the LyX temp directory).
+ in the LyX temp directory) and the directory path of the original LyX file.
\end_layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
-notangle -Rbuild-script $1 | env NOWEB_SOURCE=$1 sh
+notangle -Rbuild-script $1 | env NOWEB_SOURCE=$1 NOWEB_OUTPUT_DIR=$2 sh
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family typewriter
-parselog=listerrors
+parselog=$$s/scripts/listerrors
\family default
\begin_inset Quotes erd
program.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-The converter code looks in
-\emph on
-MYLYXDIR/scripts
-\emph default
- first, then in
-\emph on
-LIBDIR/scripts
-\emph default
- then on the path for the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-listerrors
-\begin_inset Quotes erd
-\end_inset
-
- program.
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Standard
The build will normally take place in LyX's temporary directory, so the
files produced by the conversion will be in that directory.
\family default
conversion may produce several files, and so most of these would then be
deleted when LyX was closed.
- The present solution is to use a `copier',
-\begin_inset Foot
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-See section
-\emph on
-Copiers
-\emph default
- of the
-\emph on
-Customization
-\emph default
- manual for information on these.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- in this case, the
-\family typewriter
-ext_copy.py
-\family default
- script in its default mode, so that the entire contents of the temporary
- directory is copied.
- More will get copied than is needed, to be sure, but nothing will be lost.
- If, however, you know what extensions the generated files will have, this
- can be improved by using the
-\family typewriter
--e
-\family default
- option to
-\family typewriter
-ext_copy
-\family default
-.
- This option takes a comma-separated list of extensions to copy.
- So, for example, if the conversion will generate only files with the extensions
-
-\family typewriter
-.c
-\family default
- and
-\family typewriter
-.h
-\family default
-, then the correct definition would be:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-python -tt $$s/scripts/ext_copy.py -e c,h $$i $$o
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The result will be that only files with these two extensions will be copied
- out.
+ This is why we pass in the NOWEB_OUTPUT_DIR environment variable so that
+ the build-script
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904613
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904614
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+ can place the generated files in that location.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Paragraph
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- scrap.
+
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904625
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904625
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+.
Generally, the instructions for building your program should be embedded
- in a scrap of its own.
+ in a
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904630
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904630
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+ of its own.
The noweb-specific
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
- above uses the notangle command to look for this scrap (called
+ above uses the notangle command to look for this
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904632
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904632
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+ (called
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Typically, such a scrap would look something like this:
+Typically, such a
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904634
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904634
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+ would look something like this:
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
-<<build-script>>=
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-#!/bin/sh
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-if [ -z "${NOWEB_SOURCE}" ]
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-then
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
- NOWEB_SOURCE=myfile.nw
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-fi
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-[...
- code to extract files ...]
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-[...
- code to compile files ...]
-\begin_inset Newline newline
-\end_inset
-
-@
+<<build-script>>=#!/bin/shif [ -z "${NOWEB_SOURCE}" ]then NOWEB_SOURCE=myfile.nw
+fi[...
+ code to extract files ...
+ use NOWEB_OUTPUT_DIR here ...][...
+ code to compile files ...]@
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-Conversion
+File Handling
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
-literate
+NoWeb
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset
-format Set up via the Formats tab, this is where the Noweb-specific pieces
- are set up.
+format Set up via the File Formats tab, this is where the Noweb-specific
+ pieces are set up.
The
\family sans
GUI Name
\family typewriter
build-script $$i
\family default
-
+ $$r
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
\family typewriter
-originaldir,parselog=listerrors
+parselog=$$s/scripts/listerrors
\family default
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-I take advantage of the new created LyX server function and this ddd feature,
+I take advantage of the newly created LyX server function and this ddd feature,
and set
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
With this, whenever you are using ddd and find a point in the program that
you want to edit, you just press shift-ctrl-V (in the ddd window), and
- ddd you forward this information to LyX through the LyX server and then
+ ddd will forward this information to LyX through the LyX server and then
the LyX window will show the same file with the cursor at the same position
ddd was pointing to.
No more guessing or long scrolling to locate a point in the program back
LyX-Code
\family default
, and
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904643
+
\family sans
Scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904651
+Chunk
+\change_unchanged
+
\family default
.
The last one is a short cut to the
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
- Icon "layout Scrap"
+ Icon "layout
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904661
+Scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904668
+Chunk
+\change_unchanged
+"
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
\family default
.
One of the things that bothers people is the LaTeX font color.
- The default color is red, since the scraps uses LaTeX font, and there is
- a lot of scraps in literate documents, you may get tired of seeing everything
- in red.
+ The default color is red, since the
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904675
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904675
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+s uses LaTeX font, and there is a lot of
+\change_deleted 819523532 1353904682
+scrap
+\change_inserted 819523532 1353904682
+chunk
+\change_unchanged
+s in literate documents, you may get tired of seeing everything in red.
You can change it by going to the tabs
\family sans
Look&Feel
I recommend you choosing a color that is close to the background but not
equal, that way you still can see it is there, but it is not bothering
you anymore.
-
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+LyX and knitr/Sweave
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Support for knitr and Sweave is documented in the knitr.lyx example file
+ and in the Sweave manual (in the Help > Specific Manuals submenu).
\end_layout
\begin_layout Chapter
For other special things you can do with figures, tables, floats, boxes
and notes, have a look at the
\emph on
-EmbeddedObjects
+Embedded
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Objects
\emph default
manual.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-Multiple Columns
+Multiple Text Columns
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The aim for this section is to show how the LaTeX package
-\series bold
-multicol
-\series default
- can be used in a LyX document.
- LyX does not support the
-\series bold
-multicol
-\series default
- package natively yet, so you have to use some TeX code.
+This feature is independent of the option
+\family sans
+Two-column document
+\family default
+ in the document settings under
+\family sans
+Text Layout
+\family default
+.
+ If you want to have 2
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+columns for the whole document, it is recommended to use the
+\family sans
+Two-column document
+\family default
+ option.
+ For all other cases use this feature.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The
+To use multiple text columns in your document, you have to load the module
+
+\family sans
+Multiple Columns
+\family default
+ (menu
+\family sans
+Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Modules
+\family default
+) and must have the LaTeX-package
\series bold
multicol
\series default
- package allows switching between one and multicolumn format on the same
- page.
- Footnotes are handled correctly, but will be placed at the bottom of the
- page and not under each column.
- Within the different columns you can use everyting, with the limitation
- that for floats you need to use the option
-\family sans
-Span colums
-\family default
- for each column.
-\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Two columns
-\end_layout
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
-\begin_layout Standard
-If you want to have two columns in your text, insert the comand
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! multicol
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-begin{multicols}{2}
-\end_layout
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Standard
-at the point where you want the two column layout to start, and then
+ installed.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-
-\backslash
-end{multicols}
+Footnotes within multiple columns will be placed at the bottom of the page
+ and not under each column.
+ Within the different columns you can use everything, with the limitation
+ that for floats you need to use the float option
+\family sans
+Span columns
+\family default
+.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-where you want it to end.
- Like this:
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Basics
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status open
+If you want to have 2
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
+columns in your text, use the style
+\family sans
+Begin Multiple Columns
+\family default
+ where the columns should start.
+ The content of the style is the number of the columns, so in this case
+ use a
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+2
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-begin{multicols}{2}
+.
+ At the point where the columns should end use the style
+\family sans
+End Multiple Columns
+\family default
+ and keep it empty.
\end_layout
-\end_inset
-
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example:
+\end_layout
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
only withdrawn upon the third of last month.
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
-\backslash
-end{multicols}
\end_layout
-\end_inset
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example with 3
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+columns:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+3
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size footnotesize
+It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested
+ me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to
+ read with care the various problems which came before the public.
+ And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction,
+ to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success.
+ There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald
+ Adair.
+ As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful
+ murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly
+ than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the
+ death of Sherlock Holmes.
+ There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure,
+ have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have
+ been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation
+ and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe.
+ All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and
+ found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate.
+ At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts
+ as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can have up to 10
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+columns if you want to, but that might not be very pleasant for the readers
+ of your document.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Columns inside Columns
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also have columns inside columns:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size footnotesize
+The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth,
+ at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies.
+ Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for
+ cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together
+ at 427 Park Lane.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size footnotesize
+The youth moved in the best society–had, so far as was known, no enemies
+ and no particular vices.
+ He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement
+ had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was
+ no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it.
+ For the rest {sic} the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle,
+ for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional.
+ Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most
+ strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty
+ on the night of March 30, 1894.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size footnotesize
+Ronald Adair was fond of cards–playing continually, but never for such stakes
+ as would hurt him.
+ He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs.
+ It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played
+ a rubber of whist at the latter club.
+ He had also played there in the afternoon.
+
+\size default
+
+\size footnotesize
+The evidence of those who had played with him– Mr.
+ Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran–showed that the game was whist,
+ and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards.
+ Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more.
+ His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way
+ affect him.
+ He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious
+ player, and usually rose a winner.
+ It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had
+ actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some
+ weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral.
+ So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Advanced Examples
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The examples in this section show some more special features of multiple
+ columns.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For more features of multiple columns, have a look at the documentation
+ of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+multicol
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! multicol
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
+LatexCommand cite
+key "multicol"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Preface
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To add a preface text for multiple columns, add the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+}[
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+as TeX Code behind the number of columns in the
+\family sans
+ Begin Multiple Columns
+\family default
+ style.
+ Behind the command follows the preface text.
+ At the end of the style use the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+]{
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+as TeX Code.
+ An example with some preface text:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}[
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar \ldots{}
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+]{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten.
+ His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation.
+ The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second
+ floor, generally used as his sitting-room.
+ She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window.
+ No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return
+ of Lady Maynooth and her daughter.
+ Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room.
+ The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their
+ cries and knocking.
+ Help was obtained, and the door forced.
+ The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table.
+ His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but
+ no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+You can also use a section heading as the preface if you use a section command
+ as TeX Code behind the first TeX Code.
+ For example the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+subsection{subsection title}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+creates a subsection.
+ In this example the preface is a subsubsection:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}[
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+subsubsection{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+This is a subsubsection heading as a preface
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+]{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more
+ complex.
+ In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have
+ fastened the door upon the inside.
+ There was the possibility that the murderer had done this, and had afterwards
+ escaped by the window.
+ The drop was at least twenty feet, however, and a bed of crocuses in full
+ bloom lay beneath.
+ Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed,
+ nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated
+ the house from the road.
+ Apparently, therefore, it was the young man himself who had fastened the
+ door.
+ But how did he come by his death? No one could have climbed up to the window
+ without leaving traces.
+ Suppose a man had fired through the window, he would indeed be a remarkable
+ shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound.
+ Again, Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare; there is a cab stand within
+ a hundred yards of the house.
+ No one had heard a shot.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+If there is less vertical space left on the page at the beginning of the
+ multiple columns than needed for 6
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text lines, a page break will be inserted before the multiple columns.
+ Depending on the number of lines of the preface text, you might want to
+ change this value.
+ It is determined by inserting the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+][number
+\backslash
+baselineskip
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+as TeX Code behind the preface definition but before the final
+\series bold
+]{
+\series default
+ command.
+
+\emph on
+number
+\emph default
+ is hereby the number of text lines.
+ In this example the space is set to 7
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+text lines:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}[
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+subsubsection{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+This is the sectioning command
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+as a preface and
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+with multiple text lines
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+][7
+\backslash
+baselineskip
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+]{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten.
+ His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation.
+ The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second
+ floor, generally used as his sitting-room.
+ She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window.
+ No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return
+ of Lady Maynooth and her daughter.
+ Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room.
+ The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their
+ cries and knocking.
+ Help was obtained, and the door forced.
+ The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table.
+ His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but
+ no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Surrounding Space
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The amount of space before and after multiple columns can be changed by
+ changing the length
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+multicolsep
+\series default
+.
+ For example the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multicolsep}{3cm}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+in TeX Code changes its value to 3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm.
+ The change must be made before the multiple columns' start.
+ The predefined value is 13
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For this example
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+multicolsep
+\series default
+ was set to 2.5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multicolsep}{2.5cm}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Multiple columns
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The same pattern is used when you want more than two columns:
+
+\size small
+All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some
+ theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc
+e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat
+ion.
+ I confess that I made little progress.
+ In the evening I strolled across the Park, and found myself about six o'clock
+ at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane.
+ A group of loafers upon the pavements, all staring up at a particular window,
+ directed me to the house which I had come to see.
+ A tall, thin man with coloured glasses, whom I strongly suspected of being
+ a plain-clothes detective, was pointing out some theory of his own, while
+ the others crowded round to listen to what he said.
+ I got as near him as I could, but his observations seemed to me to be absurd,
+ so I withdrew again in some disgust.
+ As I did so I struck against an elderly, deformed man, who had been behind
+ me, and I knocked down several books which he was carrying.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ The values you set with
+\series bold
\backslash
-begin{multicols}{3}
+setlength
+\series default
+ will be used for all following multiple columns until you change them again.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\size footnotesize
-It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested
- me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to
- read with care the various problems which came before the public.
- And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction,
- to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success.
- There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald
- Adair.
- As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful
- murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly
- than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the
- death of Sherlock Holmes.
- There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure,
- have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have
- been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation
- and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe.
- All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and
- found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate.
- At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts
- as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest.
-\end_layout
-
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
-status open
+status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-end{multicols}
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multicolsep}{13pt}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+go back to the default
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-You can have more than 3
-\begin_inset space ~
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset
-columns if you want to, but that might not be very pleasant for the eye.
+
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Columns inside columns
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Column Separation
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-You can even have columns inside columns:
+The width of the columns is automatically calculated, but you can modify
+ the space between the columns.
+ This is done by changing the length
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+columnsep
+\series default
+.
+ Its predefined value is 10
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt.
+ Here is an example where
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+columnsep
+\series default
+ is set to 3
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+cm:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\backslash
-begin{multicols}{2}
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnsep}{3cm}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
-\size footnotesize
-The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth,
- at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies.
- Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for
- cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together
- at 427 Park Lane.
+\size small
+My observations of No.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested.
+ The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the
+ whole not more than five feet high.
+ It was perfectly easy, therefore, for anyone to get into the garden, but
+ the window was entirely inaccessible, since there was no water pipe or
+ anything which could help the most active man to climb it.
+ More puzzled than ever, I retraced my steps to Kensington.
+ I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that
+ a person desired to see me.
+ To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector,
+ his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his
+ precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
-status open
+status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-begin{multicols}{2}
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnsep}{10pt}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+go back to the default
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Subsubsection
+Vertical Lines
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
+Between the columns a rule with a width of the length
+\series bold
-\size footnotesize
-The youth moved in the best society–had, so far as was known, no enemies
- and no particular vices.
- He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement
- had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was
- no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it.
- For the rest {sic} the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle,
- for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional.
- Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most
- strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty
- on the night of March 30, 1894.
+\backslash
+columnseprule
+\series default
+ is placed.
+ If this rule width is set to 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt (this is the default), the rule is suppressed.
+ In the following example the line is 2
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt wide:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\backslash
-end{multicols}
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnseprule}{2pt}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Begin Multiple Columns
+2
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
-\size footnotesize
-Ronald Adair was fond of cards–playing continually, but never for such stakes
- as would hurt him.
- He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs.
- It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played
- a rubber of whist at the latter club.
- He had also played there in the afternoon.
+\size small
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
-\size default
+You're surprised to see me, sir,
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ said he, in a strange, croaking voice.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+I acknowledged that I was.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this
+ house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step
+ in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff
+ in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to
+ him for picking up my books.
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+You make too much of a trifle,
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ said I.
-\size footnotesize
-The evidence of those who had played with him– Mr.
- Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran–showed that the game was whist,
- and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards.
- Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more.
- His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way
- affect him.
- He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious
- player, and usually rose a winner.
- It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had
- actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some
- weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral.
- So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest.
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+May I ask how you knew who I was?
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\size small
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for
+ you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very
+ happy to see you, I am sure.
+ Maybe you collect yourself, sir.
+ Here's
+\noun on
+British
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Birds
+\noun default
+, and
+\noun on
+Catullus
+\noun default
+, and
+\noun on
+The Holy War
+\noun default
+--a bargain, every one of them.
+ With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf.
+ It looks untidy, does it not, sir?
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout End Multiple Columns
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
-status open
+status collapsed
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
-end{multicols}
+setlength{
+\backslash
+columnseprule}{0pt}
\end_layout
\end_inset
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+go back to the default
\end_layout
-\begin_layout Standard
-Please read the example file
-\family typewriter
-multicol.lyx
-\family default
- for more advanced examples including column and header spacing, vertical
- separator lines, and more.
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\family default
is called for.
As you can see, completely arbitrary shapes can be laid out with a suitable
- set of linelength definitions.
+ set of line length definitions.
While this parshape may look a bit silly and useless, one could conceive
of situations such as finely tuned dropped capitals, word wrapping around
non-rectangular graphics, etc.
\end_inset
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Bibliography
+\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
+LatexCommand bibitem
+key "multicol"
+
+\end_inset
+
+Documentation of the LaTeX-package
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "multicol"
+target "http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/tools/multicol.pdf"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+LaTeX-packages ! multicol
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_layout
\end_body
projects / lyx.git / blobdiff