+The length
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+multlinegap
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! M !
+\backslash
+multlinegap
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ specifies the distance of the first line from the left page margin.
+ Predefined is the length 0
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+pt.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+As example the above formula where the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multlinegap}{2cm}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+was inserted in TeX-mode before:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multlinegap}{2cm}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{multline}
+4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
+\shoveleft{-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
+=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
+\end{multline}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+setlength{
+\backslash
+multlinegap}{0pt}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+The second line was left aligned using
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+shoveleft
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Multiline Formula Parts
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Multiline-Formula-Parts"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula ! multiline ! formula parts
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To display only parts of a formula with multiple lines, one of the following
+ environments are used:
+\series bold
+aligned
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+alignedat
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+gathered
+\series default
+ or
+\series bold
+split
+\series default
+.
+ They can be inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math
+\family default
+ or by using the commands described in this section.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The first three have the same properties as the corresponding multiline
+ formula environments, but it is possible to set further formula parts beside
+ them.
+ An example:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+\left.\begin{aligned}\Delta x\Delta p & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\\
+\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}
+\end{aligned}
+\right\} \textrm{Uncertainty relations}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To get this formula, a displayed formula is created where the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+aligned
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+aligned
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is inserted.
+ A purple box appears around the blue formula box where now columns and
+ lines can be added.
+ Outside the multiline environment other formula parts can be set, like
+ the brace.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The aligned environment is also suitable for long formulas whose lines are
+ horizontally aligned.
+ Using aligned in a displayed formula has the advantage that the formula
+ number is vertically centered behind the lines.
+ As example formula
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:shortlong"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the aligned environment:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{aligned}H=\; & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\\
+ & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}
+\end{aligned}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use the environments
+\series bold
+alignedat
+\series default
+,
+\series bold
+gathered
+\series default
+, or
+\series bold
+split
+\series default
+, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+alignedat
+\series default
+,
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+alignedat
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+gathered
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! G !
+\backslash
+gathered
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, or
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+split
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! S !
+\backslash
+split
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ are inserted, respectively.
+ The split environment has the same properties as the aligned environment
+ but it can only have two columns.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Text in multiline Formulas
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Text-in-multiline"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Text ! in formulas
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula ! multiline ! text
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the Align environments, and the multline and gather environment, text
+ can be inserted that will appear in a separate line and doesn't affect
+ the column alignment.
+ To do this, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+intertext
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! I !
+\backslash
+intertext
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is used in the following scheme:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+intertext{text}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The text should not be longer than a line because it cannot be hyphenated.
+ As LyX doesn't yet support
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+intertext
+\series default
+ directly, the text is written as mathematical text.
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+intertext
+\series default
+ must hereby be at the beginning of a line and appears in the output above
+ this line.
+ An example where the text was inserted at the beginning of the second line:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{align}
+I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
+\intertext{\text{integrand is symmetric to \ensuremath{\phi=\pi}, therefore}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi
+\end{align}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Newpage newpage
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Formula Numbering
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula numbering
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula ! numbering|see
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+{
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+Formula numbering
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+General
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Numbered formulas can be created with the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Numbered
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Formula
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\family sans
+Ctrl+Alt
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+N
+\family default
+).
+ Existing formulas can be numbered with the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Toggle
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Numbering
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+).
+ The formula number is displayed in LyX behind the formula as number sign
+ in parentheses.
+ The number sign is replaced in the output by the formula number.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When numbering is turned on in multiline formulas, all lines will be numbered.
+ But the numbering can be controlled with the menu
+\family sans
+Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Math\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Toggle
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Numbering
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+of
+\begin_inset space ~
+\end_inset
+
+Line
+\family default
+ (shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "math-number-line-toggle"
+\end_inset
+
+) for every line.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Except for inline formulas, all formulas can be numbered with two different
+ styles, see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Formula-Styles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Cross-References
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Cross-references ! to formulas
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All labeled formulas can be cross-referenced.
+ A label is added by the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Label
+\family default
+ or the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/label-insert.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The cursor must hereby be inside a displayed formula.
+ A dialog pops up displaying the prefix
+\series bold
+eq:
+\series default
+ in a text field.
+ The label is inserted there behind the prefix.
+ The predefined prefix means
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+equation
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ and makes it easier to find labels in large documents because it marks
+ it as formula label to divide it from e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+section labels.
+ To change a label, the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Label
+\family default
+ is used again.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The name of the label is displayed in LyX within two parentheses behind
+ formula.
+ A formula with a label is always numbered.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Cross-references are inserted via the menu
+\family sans
+Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
+Cross-Reference
+\family default
+ or with the toolbar button
+\begin_inset Graphics
+ filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.png
+ scale 85
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ A formula cross-reference appears in the output as formula number.
+ When in the cross-reference dialog window the format
+\series bold
+(<reference>)
+\series default
+ is chosen, the cross-reference appears in the output as formula number
+ in parentheses.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+By right-clicking on a cross-reference in LyX, one jumps to the formula
+ that is referenced.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here are as examples cross-references to formulas of the following subsections:
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Note the different cross-reference types.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The equations
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:tag"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:c"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ are equivalent.
+ In (
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "eq:Lat"
+
+\end_inset
+
+) big Latin letters are used for the numbering in contrary to (
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "eq:Rom"
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+When the argument of
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+tag
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+tag
+\series default
+ is described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:User-defined-Numbering"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ contains a box like in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Paragraph-Boxes"
+
+\end_inset
+
+, the formula cannot be referenced.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Subnumbering
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula numbering ! subnumbering
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+With the help of the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+end{subequations}
+\series default
+ formulas can be subnumbered.
+ Both commands are inserted in TeX-mode.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An example:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A=C-B\label{eq:a}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+addtocounter{equation}{-1}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset VSpace -5mm
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+B=C-A\label{eq:b}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+C=A+B\label{eq:c}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+end{subequations}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To create the example, the following is done:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+first formula is inserted
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+addtocounter{equation}{-1}
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+addtocounter
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+is inserted after the first formula
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+second formula is inserted
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+third formula is inserted
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Enumerate
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+end{subequations}
+\series default
+ is inserted after the third formula
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Every formula between the commands
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+begin
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+end
+\series default
+ is subnumbered as a, b,
+\begin_inset Newline linebreak
+\end_inset
+
+c, \SpecialChar \ldots{}
+ For multiline formulas every line will be subnumbered.
+ All subnumbered formulas are treated as
+\emph on
+one
+\emph default
+ numbered formula.
+ But as every numbered formula increases the counter
+\series bold
+equation
+\series default
+ by one, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+addtocounter
+\series default
+ is needed to decrease it.
+ Otherwise the formulas
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:a"
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:b"
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:c"
+
+\end_inset
+
+ would be numbered as
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:a"
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:d"
+
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand eqref
+reference "eq:f"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+By inserting the commands in TeX-mode, a space is created between the first
+ two formulas.
+ To revert this -5
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mm vertical space is inserted after the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\series default
+.
+ When the formula style
+\series bold
+Indented
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+formula styles see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sec:Formula-Styles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ is used, -7
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+mm space is inserted instead.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here is an example for a multiline formula where the numbering was turned
+ off for the second line:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+begin{subequations}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{eqnarray}
+A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\label{eq:d}\\
+ & = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{2}\nonumber \\
+ & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}\label{eq:f}
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+end{subequations}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+User-defined Numbering
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:User-defined-Numbering"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula numbering ! user-defined
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula numbering ! self-defined delimiters
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+With the standard numbering parentheses are set around the formula number.
+ To replace the parentheses for example by vertical bars, the following
+ line is added to the LaTeX-preamble:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+def
+\backslash
+tagform@#1{
+\backslash
+maketag@@@{|#1|}}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+This macro is already declared in the LaTeX-preamble for testing.
+ To activate it, remove the percent sign at the beginning.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To use other characters, the vertical bars besides the
+\series bold
+#1
+\series default
+ are replaced by one ore more characters.
+ To get only the formula number the vertical bars are omitted.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+When there should be an expression of your choice instead of the consecutive
+ formula number in parentheses behind the formula, the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+tag
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! T !
+\backslash
+tag
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is used:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A+B=C\tag{something}\label{eq:tag}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+In this example the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+tag
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+something
+\series default
+ was inserted to the formula.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+When the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+tag*
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+something
+\series default
+ is inserted instead, the star prevents the parentheses around the expression:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\[
+A+B=C\tag*{something}
+\]
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+To restart the formula numbering with new document parts or sections, the
+ following command is used:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+@addtoreset{equation}{part}
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands !
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+@
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ !
+\backslash
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+@
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+addtoreset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+resp.
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+@addtoreset{equation}{section}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To be able to use these commands in TeX-mode, the
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+@
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ character has to be made
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+active
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ for LaTeX using the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+makeatletter.
+
+\series default
+ The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+makeatother
+\series default
+ reverts this.
+ So the command sequence in TeX-mode is:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+makeatletter
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+@addtoreset{equation}{section}
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+makeatother
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the LaTeX-preamble
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+makeatletter
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+makeatother
+\series default
+ can be omitted as they are automatically internally inserted by LyX.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To revert
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+@addtoreset
+\series default
+, the file
+\series bold
+remreset.sty
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+remreset
+\series default
+ is part of the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+carlisle
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! carlisle
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ that is part of every LaTeX standard installation.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! remreset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ has to be loaded in the LaTeX-preamble with the line
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+usepackage{remreset}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Then the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+@removefromreset
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands !
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+@
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ !
+\backslash
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+@
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+"
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+removefromreset
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ can be used with the same scheme as
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+@addtoreset
+\series default
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
+\end_inset
+
+Sometimes formulas should be numbered in the following form:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family typewriter
+(section number.formula number)
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The formula number should start with every section with
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+1
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+For this case there is the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+numberwithin
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! N !
+\backslash
+numberwithin
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, which is used with the following scheme:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+numberwithin{counter}{sectioning}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Counter denotes what kind of numbering is affected, sectioning denotes what
+ number is before the dot.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Thus in our case the following LaTeX-preamble or TeX-Code line is used:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+numberwithin{equation}{section}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is the result:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+numberwithin{equation}{section}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A+B=C
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To number e.
+\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
+\end_inset
+
+g.
+\begin_inset space \space{}
+\end_inset
+
+tables so that the number of the part is the sectioning,
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+numberwithin{table}{part}
+\series default
+ is used.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To go back to the standard numbering or to prevent this kind of numbering
+ when it is defined by the document class, the following command is inserted
+ as TeX-Code or to the LaTeX-preamble:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+arabic{equation}}
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+arabic
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+arabic{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+or
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset Newline newline
+\end_inset
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+thetable}{
+\backslash
+arabic{table}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+numberwithin
+\series default
+ uses internally the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+@addtoreset
+\series default
+, described above, that also needs to be reverted.
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+makeatletter
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+@removefromreset{equation}{section}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+makeatother
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Subsection
+Numbering with Roman Numbers and Letters
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula numbering ! with letters
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Formula numbering ! with Roman numbers
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Formulas can also be numbered with Roman numbers and Latin letters.
+ To number for example with small Roman numbers, the command
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+roman{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+is inserted before the formula in TeX-mode.
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! R !
+\backslash
+renewcommand
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ redefines the predefined command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+theequation
+\series default
+ to the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+roman{equation}
+\series default
+.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+The command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand
+\series default
+ has the same scheme like the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+newcommand
+\series default
+ that is described in
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:The-Command-newcommand"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series bold
+equation
+\series default
+ is the formula counter.
+ When the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+the
+\series default
+ is used as prefix for a counter, the value of the counter is output as
+ Arabic number.
+ When a formula is numbered, LaTeX sets internally the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+theequation
+\series default
+ behind the formula.
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+roman{equation}
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! R !
+\backslash
+roman
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ outputs the counter as small Roman number.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+All formulas behind the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renew
+\series default
+c
+\series bold
+ommand
+\series default
+ are now numbered Roman.
+ To switch to numbering with big Roman numbers, the command is inserted
+ again, but
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+roman
+\series default
+ is replaced by
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Roman
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! R !
+\backslash
+roman@
+\backslash
+Roman
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ To
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+number
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ with small Latin letters there is the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+alph
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+alph
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+, for big ones there is the command
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+Alph
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+alph@
+\backslash
+Alph
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Note Greyedout
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+Note:
+\series default
+ Only maximal 26 formulas can be numbered with Latin letters in one document.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+roman{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+A=\textrm{small roman}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+Roman{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+B=\textrm{big Roman}\label{eq:Rom}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+alph{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+C=\textrm{small Latin}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+Alph{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+D=\textrm{big Latin}\label{eq:Lat}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To switch back to the default numbering, insert the command:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+arabic{equation}}
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! A !
+\backslash
+arabic
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+renewcommand{
+\backslash
+theequation}{
+\backslash
+arabic{equation}}
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+E=\textrm{Arabic}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset VSpace medskip
+\end_inset
+
+As you see, formulas are numbered serially independent from the numbering
+ style.
+ When then numbering should start with
+\begin_inset Quotes eld
+\end_inset
+
+1
+\begin_inset Quotes erd
+\end_inset
+
+ when the style is changed, new equation counters have to be defined.
+ A description about this can be found in the file
+\begin_inset CommandInset href
+LatexCommand href
+name "Formula-numbering.lyx"
+target "run:Formula-numbering.lyx"
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Section
+Chemical Symbols and Equations
+\begin_inset CommandInset label
+LatexCommand label
+name "sub:Chemical-Symbols-and"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Chemical characters ! Symbols
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Chemical equations
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Symbols ! chemical
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+An example text from chemistry:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Quote
+The
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
+\end_inset
+
+-ion reacts with two
+\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Na^{+}}$
+\end_inset
+
+-ions to sodium sulfate
+\begin_inset Formula $\left(\mathrm{Na_{2}SO_{4}}\right)$
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ The chemical equation for this is:
+\begin_inset Formula
+\begin{equation}
+\mathrm{2\, Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:chem-reaction}
+\end{equation}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This chemical equation can directly be created as formula.
+ To avoid that the symbols appear italic, everything is highlighted and
+ changed by the shortcut
+\begin_inset Info
+type "shortcut"
+arg "font-roman"
+\end_inset
+
+ to the upright font style.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+font styles
+\series bold
+
+\series default
+see
+\begin_inset CommandInset ref
+LatexCommand ref
+reference "sub:Font-Styles"
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+A more convenient way to typeset chemical formulas is to use the command
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Commands ! C !
+\backslash
+ce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ that is available when the LaTeX-package
+\series bold
+mhchem
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset Index idx
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Packages ! mhchem
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is installed.
+ After inserting
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\series default
+ to a formula a new blue box appears where chemical formulas can be inserted
+ in an intuitive way.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\align center
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
+<features tabularvalignment="middle">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Command
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+Result
+\begin_inset Note Note
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\series bold
+
+\backslash
+raisebox
+\series default
+ is only used as spacer.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+H2CO3
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{H2CO3}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+SO4^2-
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{SO4^{2-}}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+(NH4)2S
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{(NH4)2S}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+KCr(SO4)2.12H2O
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{KCr(SO4)2.12H2O}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+A-B
+\backslash
+dbond
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\backslash
+tbond
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+D
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{A-B\dbond C\tbond D}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+^227
+\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
+\end_inset
+
+_90
+\begin_inset Formula $\to$
+\end_inset
+
+Th+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{5mm}{}\ce{_{90}^{227}Th+}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+CO2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+<=>
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+2CO
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\raisebox{4.5mm}{}\ce{CO2 + C <=> 2CO}\raisebox{-2mm}{}$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+\backslash
+ce
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+CO2
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
++
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
+
+\backslash
+spce
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+C
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed