1 #LyX 1.6.5svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
7 \use_default_options true
12 \font_typewriter default
13 \font_default_family default
20 \paperfontsize default
29 \paperorientation portrait
32 \paragraph_separation indent
34 \quotes_language english
37 \paperpagestyle default
38 \tracking_changes false
46 \begin_layout Standard
47 \begin_inset Note Note
50 \begin_layout Plain Layout
57 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
66 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
69 menu cannot be used for tufte document classes!
83 \begin_inset Note Note
86 \begin_layout Plain Layout
87 author of this example file: Jason Waskiewicz
95 \begin_layout Standard
96 \begin_inset CommandInset toc
97 LatexCommand tableofcontents
104 \begin_layout Chapter
105 The Features of the Tufte-book Class
108 \begin_layout Standard
109 In this document, it was endeavored to show some of the features of the
111 In the first chapter, their use is outlined.
112 In the second chapter, their use through a handout thjat was created in
113 a calculus class is demonstrated.
116 \begin_layout Section
120 \begin_layout Standard
121 The Tufte-book class is based on the work of Edward Tufte.
122 It provides the same functionality as the Tufte-handout class with book-specifi
124 Tufte's documents consist of a column of text beside a wide column of margin
125 notes and margin figures.
126 This is to improve readability.
129 \begin_layout Standard
130 Features included in this format include:
133 \begin_layout Itemize
137 \begin_layout Itemize
138 Ordinary figures in text with captions in margins
141 \begin_layout Itemize
142 Full width figures and text when needed
145 \begin_layout Itemize
146 \begin_inset Quotes eld
150 \begin_inset Quotes erd
156 \begin_layout Itemize
157 Limited layers of sections and subsections
160 \begin_layout Standard
161 In this sample document, some of these features are demonstrated.
162 For a full demonstration, visit the tufte-latex webpage:
163 \begin_inset Flex URL
166 \begin_layout Plain Layout
168 http://code.google.com/p/tufte-latex
176 \begin_layout Section
180 \begin_layout Standard
182 \begin_inset Quotes eld
186 \begin_inset Quotes erd
189 rather than justified.
190 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
193 \begin_layout Plain Layout
194 This document is justified.
195 Add the option "justified" to the Custom line of the Document Class part
196 of the Document Settings.
201 The ragged right is used in most of his works, but the option exists for
205 \begin_layout Standard
206 Tufte also formats his pages so that they are not symmetric.
207 Instead, each page is the same and all the marginalia appear on the right
209 After experimentation, I agree that this option is best.
210 A symmetric layout appeared strange, to say the least.
211 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
214 \begin_layout Plain Layout
215 To create a symmetric layout, add the option "symmetric" to the Custom line
216 of the Document Class part of the Document Settings.
224 \begin_layout Standard
225 Finally, by default, Tufte does not number his chapters or his sections.
226 Since I like to refer to sections by number, I changed this section in
227 the Document Settings by moving the slider under the Numbering and TOC
229 \begin_inset Flex Marginnote
232 \begin_layout Plain Layout
241 \begin_layout Section
245 \begin_layout Standard
246 Tufte uses ordinary figure floats like this:
249 \begin_layout Standard
250 \begin_inset Float figure
255 \begin_layout Plain Layout
256 \begin_inset Box Boxed
265 height_special "totalheight"
268 \begin_layout Plain Layout
269 Imagine your favorite figure inside this box instead of this boring text.
277 \begin_layout Plain Layout
278 An ordinary figure float.
291 \begin_layout Standard
292 Tufte also uses margin figures, a feature I wish I could apply to the Memoir
296 \begin_layout Standard
297 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
302 \begin_layout Plain Layout
303 \begin_inset Box Boxed
312 height_special "totalheight"
315 \begin_layout Plain Layout
316 Imagine your favorite photograph of a squirrel inside this box instead of
325 \begin_layout Plain Layout
339 \begin_layout Standard
340 Naturally, the Tufte-book class also allows the use of tables in the margins
341 and in the text in the same way that the figures are used.
342 I would use the margin tables for a small set of data to illustrate a concept
344 \begin_inset Quotes eld
347 Look, distance-time data is quadratic when the object is falling.
348 \begin_inset Quotes erd
351 I might put flame test results and comments in a full-width table.
354 \begin_layout Standard
355 I did attempt to use the figure-wrap float with Tufte.
356 LyX interpreted it as a figure float and sometimes didn't show it at all.
357 With only the narrow column of text available, I think that it should probably
358 be suppressed when someone edits the layout file!
361 \begin_layout Standard
362 A final type of figure is a full-width figure.
363 This is one which takes up the entire width of the page: text and margin
365 I'm proud of this because this was my one original contribution as it does
366 not seem to be in the Tufte-handout.layout file.
369 \begin_layout Standard
370 \begin_inset Float figure
375 \begin_layout Plain Layout
376 \begin_inset Box Boxed
385 height_special "totalheight"
388 \begin_layout Plain Layout
389 Imagine a photograph of a squirrel stretched out on its side in this box.
390 One of the bugs in my layout is that this only works with pictures, not
391 with frames around minipages, the way it's set up here.
399 \begin_layout Plain Layout
402 \begin_layout Plain Layout
416 \begin_layout Section
420 \begin_layout Standard
421 One of the most prominent and distinctive features of this style is the
422 extensive use of sidenotes.
423 There is a wide margin to provide ample room for sidenotes and small figures.
424 Any footnotes will automatically be converted to sidenotes.
428 \begin_layout Plain Layout
429 This is a sidenote that was entered using a
438 Alternatively, you can also use directly the sidenote inset.
439 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
442 \begin_layout Plain Layout
443 This is a sidenote that was entered using a
455 \begin_layout Standard
456 If you like to place ancillary information in the margin without the sidenote
457 mark (the superscript number), you can use the
463 \begin_inset Flex Marginnote
466 \begin_layout Plain Layout
467 This is Tufte's margin note.
468 Notice that there isn't a number preceding the note, and there is no number
469 in the main text where this note was written.
474 The normal margin note will work as well, but it will look rather odd.
475 \begin_inset Marginal
478 \begin_layout Plain Layout
479 This is a normal margin note.
488 \begin_layout Standard
489 \begin_inset Flex NewThought
492 \begin_layout Plain Layout
498 innovation is Tufte's
503 It introduces new thoughts, such as this paragraph, with small capitals.
504 To accomplish this, use the
510 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
511 TextStyle\SpecialChar \menuseparator
517 \begin_layout Standard
518 The Tufte document classes includes two new character styles and some improvemen
519 ts on existing commands for letterspacing.
522 \begin_layout Standard
523 When setting strings of
524 \begin_inset Flex AllCaps
527 \begin_layout Plain Layout
534 \begin_inset Flex SmallCaps
537 \begin_layout Plain Layout
543 , the letterspacing---that is, the spacing between the letters---should
544 be increased slightly.
545 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
557 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
558 TextStyle\SpecialChar \menuseparator
561 ) has proper letterspacing for strings of
562 \begin_inset Flex AllCaps
565 \begin_layout Plain Layout
577 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
578 TextStyle\SpecialChar \menuseparator
581 ) has letterspacing for
582 \begin_inset Flex SmallCaps
585 \begin_layout Plain Layout
586 small capital letters
592 These commands will also automatically convert the case of the text to
593 upper- or lowercase, respectively.
596 \begin_layout Standard
601 shape has also been redefined to include letterspacing.
602 Its case is left as is, however.
603 This allows one to use both uppercase and lowercase letters:
605 The Initial Letters Of The Words In This Sentence Are Capitalized.
608 \begin_layout Full Width
609 This is full width text.
610 I'm not going to quote a text because I don't want to mess with citations
611 and I haven't yet figured out how to use BiBTeX.
612 I thought about quoting from some of my own materials, but then I decided
614 Instead, I decided to just type for a while and fill up 3 lines on my screen
615 with whatever nonsense came into my head.
619 \begin_layout Section
623 \begin_layout Standard
624 I like a lot of what Tufte has done.
625 At the moment, however, I only use his style in my Calculus class.
626 I have a good Calculus book, but it requires extensive notes to adapt it
627 for the high school level.
628 For my Physics, Chemistry, and Biology courses, the Memoir class seems
630 I wish it were possible to take the idea of margin figures from Tufte and
632 I also prefer Tufte's method of dealing with margin notes.
635 \begin_layout Chapter
636 Calculation of Volume: Sections 2.12-2.13
639 \begin_layout Abstract
640 Imagine taking a function like
641 \begin_inset Formula $y=\sqrt{x}$
644 and rotating it in 3 dimensions around the x-axis.
645 The resulting shape would look somewhat like a cup (on its side).
646 Interestingly, integration empowers us to do exactly this and to find out
647 how much water that cup could hold.
650 \begin_layout Section
654 \begin_layout Standard
655 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
660 \begin_layout Plain Layout
661 \begin_inset Box Boxed
670 height_special "totalheight"
673 \begin_layout Plain Layout
674 I had a graph of the square root function here.
682 \begin_layout Plain Layout
683 \begin_inset CommandInset label
685 name "mar:A-graph-of"
690 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}$
706 \begin_layout Standard
707 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
712 \begin_layout Plain Layout
713 \begin_inset Box Boxed
722 height_special "totalheight"
725 \begin_layout Plain Layout
726 Here I rotated the square root function and then drew a disk on the figure
727 to illustrate how I would calculate the volume of the figure.
735 \begin_layout Plain Layout
736 \begin_inset CommandInset label
743 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}$
746 rotated about the x-axis and with additional remarks for integration.
759 \begin_layout Standard
761 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
763 reference "mar:A-graph-of"
767 shows the plot of the function
768 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}.$
771 Now, imagine that we rotate that function about the x-axis.
772 The resulting figure would be somewhat like figure
773 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
775 reference "mar:rotated"
780 This is akin to a cup lying on its side.
781 For the sake of clarity, the artist (me) drew a circle on the end of the
782 figure to show that it is indeed rotated.
785 \begin_layout Standard
786 Now, suppose we wished to find the volume of the figure.
787 When we integrated the original square root function to find its area,
788 we imagined a series of rectangles inside the figure.
790 \begin_inset Formula $h=f(x)$
794 \begin_inset Formula $dx$
798 Since height multiplied by width was the area of each rectangle, we summed
799 these areas and rewrote this as
800 \begin_inset Formula $\int\, f(x)\, dx$
803 , or, in this specific case,
804 \begin_inset Formula $\int\,\sqrt{x}\, dx$
810 \begin_layout Standard
811 To find the volume of our rotated figure the prodecure is quite similar.
812 Begin by rotating each rectangle about the x-axis.
813 This creates a series of cylinders.
814 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
817 \begin_layout Plain Layout
818 The text refers to these cylinders as "disks".
819 This is standard practice in all the Calculus books I checked.
824 Then, we can find the volume of each cylinder/disk.
825 The basic formula is:
828 \begin_layout Standard
829 \begin_inset Formula \[
837 \begin_layout Standard
840 \begin_inset Formula $h$
843 is the height of the cylinder (width of the rectangle)
844 \begin_inset Formula $dx$
848 The area of each figure is a circle where
849 \begin_inset Formula $A=\pi r^{2}$
853 The radius in this case is the function
854 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
861 \begin_layout Standard
862 \begin_inset Formula \[
870 \begin_layout Standard
872 In our specific case,
875 \begin_layout Standard
876 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
877 A & = & \pi\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^{2}\\
878 & = & \pi x\end{eqnarray*}
885 \begin_layout Standard
886 To calculate the volume of one disk, we have
889 \begin_layout Standard
890 \begin_inset Formula \[
898 \begin_layout Standard
900 or, in the general case
903 \begin_layout Standard
904 \begin_inset Formula \[
905 V=\pi f^{2}(x)\, dx\]
912 \begin_layout Standard
913 To find the volume of the figure between points
914 \begin_inset Formula $a$
918 \begin_inset Formula $b$
921 we sum the volumes by means of integration:
924 \begin_layout Standard
925 \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
926 \int_{a}^{b}\,\pi f^{2}(x)\, dx\end{equation}
933 \begin_layout Standard
935 In the specific example, over the interval
936 \begin_inset Formula $[0,4]$
942 \begin_layout Standard
943 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
944 \int_{0}^{4}\,\pi x\, dx & = & \pi\int_{0}^{4}\, x\, dx\\
945 & = & \pi\left.\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}\\
946 & = & \pi\left(\frac{4^{2}}{2}-0\right)\\
947 & = & 8\pi\end{eqnarray*}
954 \begin_layout Standard
955 \begin_inset Flex NewThought
958 \begin_layout Plain Layout
964 a special hole down the length of the cup we just worked with.
965 It is made with a quadratic shaped bit.
966 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
969 \begin_layout Plain Layout
970 I have no idea how I'd do this in real life, but I'm making a point.
975 I find that the hole the bit makes can be modeled with the function
976 \begin_inset Formula $g(x)=\frac{x^{2}}{16}$
980 I would need to subtract the volume of the material removed from the volume
982 \begin_inset Quotes eld
986 \begin_inset Quotes erd
990 Each individual cylinder would become like a
991 \begin_inset Quotes eld
995 \begin_inset Quotes erd
999 To get the area of one washer, I would use the formula
1002 \begin_layout Standard
1003 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
1008 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1009 \begin_inset Box Boxed
1018 height_special "totalheight"
1021 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1022 Here I used RLPlot to draw the square root function and the quadratic function.
1023 Then I used Inkscape to shade the area between them.
1029 \begin_inset Caption
1031 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1033 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
1037 \begin_inset Formula $g(x)$
1040 and the area left by
1041 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)-g(x)$
1057 \begin_layout Standard
1058 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1059 A_{washer} & = & A_{cup}-A_{drill}\\
1060 & = & \pi f^{2}(x)-\pi g^{2}(x)\\
1061 & = & \pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\end{eqnarray*}
1068 \begin_layout Standard
1069 The volume of each washer would be
1072 \begin_layout Standard
1073 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1074 V_{washer} & = & A_{washer}\, dx\\
1075 & = & \pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\, dx\end{eqnarray*}
1082 \begin_layout Standard
1084 Then, by summing the volumes of all the washers between points
1085 \begin_inset Formula $a$
1089 \begin_inset Formula $b$
1092 , the integral is derived:
1095 \begin_layout Standard
1096 \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
1097 \int_{a}^{b}\,\pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\, dx\end{equation}
1104 \begin_layout Standard
1105 In the case of our quadratic drill bit::
1106 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
1111 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1112 \begin_inset Box Boxed
1121 height_special "totalheight"
1124 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1125 This was the rotated set of 2 functions.
1131 \begin_inset Caption
1133 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1134 The cup with a quadratic hole drilled down its length
1147 \begin_layout Standard
1148 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1149 \int_{0}^{4}\,\pi\left(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^{2}-\left(\frac{x^{2}}{16}\right)\right)\, dx & = & \pi\int_{0}^{4}\,\left(x-\frac{x^{4}}{256}\right)\, dx\\
1150 & = & \pi\left(\int_{0}^{4}\, x\, dx-\int_{0}^{4}\,\frac{x^{4}}{256}\, dx\right)\\
1151 & = & \pi\left(\left.\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}-\left.\left(\frac{x^{5}}{1280}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}\right)\\
1152 & = & \pi\left(\left(\frac{4^{2}}{2}-0\right)-\left(\frac{4^{5}}{1280}-0\right)\right)\\
1153 & = & \pi\left(8-0.8\right)\\
1154 & = & 7.2\pi\end{eqnarray*}
1161 \begin_layout Standard
1165 \begin_layout Section
1169 \begin_layout Itemize
1170 p114: 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15
1173 \begin_layout Standard
1174 \begin_inset CommandInset bibtex
1176 bibfiles "biblioExample"