1 #LyX 1.6.5svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
6 \use_default_options true
11 \font_typewriter default
12 \font_default_family default
19 \paperfontsize default
23 \pdf_bookmarksnumbered false
24 \pdf_bookmarksopen true
25 \pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1
37 \paperorientation portrait
40 \paragraph_separation indent
42 \quotes_language english
45 \paperpagestyle default
46 \tracking_changes false
60 \begin_inset Note Note
63 \begin_layout Plain Layout
64 author of this example file: Jason Waskiewicz
72 \begin_layout Standard
73 \begin_inset CommandInset toc
74 LatexCommand tableofcontents
82 The Features of the Tufte-book Class
85 \begin_layout Standard
86 In this document, it was endeavored to show some of the features of the
92 In the first chapter, their use is outlined.
93 In the second chapter, their use through a handout that was created in
94 a calculus class is demonstrated.
101 \begin_layout Standard
106 class is based on the work of
111 It provides the same functionality as the
115 class with book-specific additions.
116 Tufte's documents consist of a rather narrow column of text and a wide
117 column of margin notes and margin figures.
118 This is to improve readability.
121 \begin_layout Standard
122 The features provided by this format include:
125 \begin_layout Itemize
129 \begin_layout Itemize
130 Ordinary figures in text with captions in margins
133 \begin_layout Itemize
134 Full width figures and text when needed
137 \begin_layout Itemize
138 \begin_inset Quotes eld
142 \begin_inset Quotes erd
148 \begin_layout Itemize
149 Limited layers of sections and subsections
152 \begin_layout Standard
153 In this sample document, some of these features are demonstrated.
154 For a full demonstration, visit the tufte-latex website:
155 \begin_inset Flex URL
158 \begin_layout Plain Layout
160 http://code.google.com/p/tufte-latex
168 \begin_layout Section
172 \begin_layout Standard
174 \begin_inset Quotes eld
178 \begin_inset Quotes erd
181 rather than justified.
182 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
185 \begin_layout Plain Layout
186 To get justified text, add the option
196 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
197 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
205 Ragged right text is used in most of his works, but the class option
209 is provided to change this.
212 \begin_layout Standard
213 Tufte also formats his pages asymmetrically.
214 This means that the marginalia appear on the right side on each page, whether
216 If you prefer, you can change that and have symmetric layout, as common
217 in traditional book typography, by using the
222 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
225 \begin_layout Plain Layout
226 To create a symmetric layout, add the option
236 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
237 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
248 \begin_layout Standard
249 Finally, Tufte does not number his chapters or his sections.
250 If you like to refer to sections by number, move the
256 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
257 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
260 to the very right (as done in this document).
261 \begin_inset Flex Marginnote
264 \begin_layout Plain Layout
273 \begin_layout Section
277 \begin_layout Standard
278 Tufte uses ordinary figure floats such as the following:
281 \begin_layout Standard
282 \begin_inset Float figure
287 \begin_layout Plain Layout
288 \begin_inset Box Boxed
297 height_special "totalheight"
300 \begin_layout Plain Layout
301 Imagine your favorite figure inside this box instead of this boring text.
309 \begin_layout Plain Layout
310 An ordinary figure float.
323 \begin_layout Standard
324 Furthermore, he uses margin figures, as shown in Fig.
329 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
331 reference "fig:margin-figure"
338 \begin_layout Standard
339 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
344 \begin_layout Plain Layout
345 \begin_inset Box Boxed
354 height_special "totalheight"
357 \begin_layout Plain Layout
358 Imagine your favorite photograph of a squirrel inside this box instead of
367 \begin_layout Plain Layout
369 \begin_inset CommandInset label
371 name "fig:margin-figure"
388 \begin_layout Standard
389 In the same vein, the
393 class allows the use of tables, both in the margins and in the text.
394 The margin tables are recommended for a small set of data to illustrate
396 \begin_inset Quotes eld
399 Look, distance-time data is quadratic when the object is falling.
400 \begin_inset Quotes erd
403 More detailed data such as flame test results and comments should be put
404 in a full-width table instead.
407 \begin_layout Standard
412 provides a full-width figure.
413 This one takes up the entire width of the page, i.
414 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
423 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
425 reference "fig:full-width-figure"
432 \begin_layout Standard
433 \begin_inset Float figure
438 \begin_layout Plain Layout
439 \begin_inset Box Boxed
448 height_special "totalheight"
451 \begin_layout Plain Layout
452 Imagine your favorite photograph of a squirrel inside this box instead of
459 \begin_inset VSpace defskip
465 \begin_layout Plain Layout
468 \begin_layout Plain Layout
470 \begin_inset CommandInset label
472 name "fig:full-width-figure"
489 \begin_layout Section
493 \begin_layout Standard
494 One of the most prominent and distinctive features of this style is the
495 extensive use of sidenotes.
496 There is a wide margin to provide ample room for sidenotes and small figures.
497 Any footnotes will automatically be converted to sidenotes.
501 \begin_layout Plain Layout
502 This is a sidenote that was entered using a
511 Alternatively, you can also use the
515 inset directly; you'll find it in the
517 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
521 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
524 \begin_layout Plain Layout
525 This is a sidenote that was entered using a
537 \begin_layout Standard
538 If you like to place ancillary information in the margin without the sidenote
539 mark (the superscript number), you can use the
545 \begin_inset Flex Marginnote
548 \begin_layout Plain Layout
549 This is Tufte's margin note.
550 Notice that there isn't a number preceding the note, and there is no number
551 in the main text where this note was written.
556 The normal margin note will work as well, but it will look rather odd.
557 \begin_inset Marginal
560 \begin_layout Plain Layout
561 This is a normal margin note.
570 \begin_layout Standard
571 \begin_inset Flex NewThought
574 \begin_layout Plain Layout
580 innovation is Tufte's
586 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
587 TextStyle\SpecialChar \menuseparator
591 It introduces new thoughts by means of small caps, as demonstrated in this
596 \begin_layout Standard
597 The Tufte document classes include two new character styles and some improvement
598 s on existing commands for letterspacing.
601 \begin_layout Standard
602 When setting strings of
603 \begin_inset Flex AllCaps
606 \begin_layout Plain Layout
613 \begin_inset Flex SmallCaps
616 \begin_layout Plain Layout
622 , the letterspacing---that is, the spacing between the letters---should
623 be increased slightly.
624 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
636 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
637 TextStyle\SpecialChar \menuseparator
640 ) has proper letterspacing for strings of
641 \begin_inset Flex AllCaps
644 \begin_layout Plain Layout
656 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
657 TextStyle\SpecialChar \menuseparator
660 ) has letterspacing for
661 \begin_inset Flex SmallCaps
664 \begin_layout Plain Layout
665 small capital letters
671 These commands will also automatically convert the case of the text to
672 upper- or lowercase, respectively.
675 \begin_layout Standard
680 shape has also been redefined to include letterspacing.
681 Its case is left as is, however.
682 This allows one to use both uppercase and lowercase letters:
684 The Initial Letters Of The Words In This Sentence Are Capitalized.
687 \begin_layout Standard
692 paragraph environment provides a paragraph layout that stretches across
693 the main text block and the sidenotes area:
696 \begin_layout Full Width
697 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
698 Ut purus elit, vestibulum ut, placerat ac, adipiscing vitae, felis.
699 Curabitur dictum gravida mauris.
700 Nam arcu libero, nonummy eget, consectetuer id, vulputate a, magna.
701 Donec vehicula augue eu neque.
702 Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames
705 Cras viverra metus rhoncus sem.
706 Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices.
707 Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat.
708 Integer sapien est, iaculis in, pretium quis, viverra ac, nunc.
709 Praesent eget sem vel leo ultrices bibendum.
711 Morbi dolor nulla, malesuada eu, pulvinar at, mollis ac, nulla.
712 Curabitur auctor semper nulla.
713 Donec varius orci eget risus.
714 Duis nibh mi, congue eu, accumsan eleifend, sagittis quis, diam.
715 Duis eget orci sit amet orci dignissim rutrum.
718 \begin_layout Section
722 \begin_layout Standard
723 References are placed alongside their citations as sidenotes, as well.
724 This can be accomplished using the normal citation command.
728 \begin_layout Plain Layout
729 The previous section includes a citation.
737 \begin_layout Standard
738 The complete list of references may also be printed automatically by using
741 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
742 Lists/TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator
749 (see the end of this document for an example.) If you do not want to print
750 a bibliography at the end of your document, place the
758 inset inside a LyX note and use the LaTeX command
767 \begin_layout Chapter
768 Calculation of Volume: Sections 2.12–2.13
771 \begin_layout Standard
772 Imagine taking a function like
773 \begin_inset Formula $y=\sqrt{x}$
776 and rotating it in 3 dimensions around the x-axis.
777 The resulting shape would look somewhat like a cup (on its side).
778 Interestingly, integration empowers us to do exactly this and to find out
779 how much water that cup could hold.
782 \begin_layout Section
786 \begin_layout Standard
787 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
792 \begin_layout Plain Layout
793 \begin_inset Box Boxed
802 height_special "totalheight"
805 \begin_layout Plain Layout
806 I had a graph of the square root function here.
814 \begin_layout Plain Layout
815 \begin_inset CommandInset label
817 name "mar:A-graph-of"
822 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}$
838 \begin_layout Standard
839 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
844 \begin_layout Plain Layout
845 \begin_inset Box Boxed
854 height_special "totalheight"
857 \begin_layout Plain Layout
858 Here I rotated the square root function and then drew a disk on the figure
859 to illustrate how I would calculate the volume of the figure.
867 \begin_layout Plain Layout
868 \begin_inset CommandInset label
875 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}$
878 rotated about the x-axis and with additional remarks for integration.
891 \begin_layout Standard
893 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
895 reference "mar:A-graph-of"
899 shows the plot of the function
900 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}.$
903 Now, imagine that we rotate that function about the x-axis.
904 The resulting figure would be somewhat like figure
905 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
907 reference "mar:rotated"
912 This is akin to a cup lying on its side.
913 For the sake of clarity, the artist (me) drew a circle on the end of the
914 figure to show that it is indeed rotated.
917 \begin_layout Standard
918 Now, suppose we wished to find the volume of the figure.
919 When we integrated the original square root function to find its area,
920 we imagined a series of rectangles inside the figure.
922 \begin_inset Formula $h=f(x)$
926 \begin_inset Formula $dx$
930 Since height multiplied by width was the area of each rectangle, we summed
931 these areas and rewrote this as
932 \begin_inset Formula $\int\, f(x)\, dx$
935 , or, in this specific case,
936 \begin_inset Formula $\int\,\sqrt{x}\, dx$
942 \begin_layout Standard
943 To find the volume of our rotated figure the prodecure is quite similar.
944 Begin by rotating each rectangle about the x-axis.
945 This creates a series of cylinders.
946 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
949 \begin_layout Plain Layout
950 The text refers to these cylinders as "disks".
951 This is standard practice in all the Calculus books I checked.
956 Then, we can find the volume of each cylinder/disk.
957 The basic formula is:
960 \begin_layout Standard
961 \begin_inset Formula \[
969 \begin_layout Standard
972 \begin_inset Formula $h$
975 is the height of the cylinder (width of the rectangle)
976 \begin_inset Formula $dx$
980 The area of each figure is a circle where
981 \begin_inset Formula $A=\pi r^{2}$
985 The radius in this case is the function
986 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
993 \begin_layout Standard
994 \begin_inset Formula \[
1002 \begin_layout Standard
1004 In our specific case,
1007 \begin_layout Standard
1008 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1009 A & = & \pi\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^{2}\\
1010 & = & \pi x\end{eqnarray*}
1017 \begin_layout Standard
1018 To calculate the volume of one disk, we have
1021 \begin_layout Standard
1022 \begin_inset Formula \[
1030 \begin_layout Standard
1032 or, in the general case
1035 \begin_layout Standard
1036 \begin_inset Formula \[
1037 V=\pi f^{2}(x)\, dx\]
1044 \begin_layout Standard
1045 To find the volume of the figure between points
1046 \begin_inset Formula $a$
1050 \begin_inset Formula $b$
1053 we sum the volumes by means of integration:
1056 \begin_layout Standard
1057 \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
1058 \int_{a}^{b}\,\pi f^{2}(x)\, dx\end{equation}
1065 \begin_layout Standard
1067 In the specific example, over the interval
1068 \begin_inset Formula $[0,4]$
1074 \begin_layout Standard
1075 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1076 \int_{0}^{4}\,\pi x\, dx & = & \pi\int_{0}^{4}\, x\, dx\\
1077 & = & \pi\left.\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}\\
1078 & = & \pi\left(\frac{4^{2}}{2}-0\right)\\
1079 & = & 8\pi\end{eqnarray*}
1086 \begin_layout Standard
1087 \begin_inset Flex NewThought
1090 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1096 a special hole down the length of the cup we just worked with.
1097 It is made with a quadratic shaped bit.
1098 \begin_inset Flex Sidenote
1101 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1102 I have no idea how I'd do this in real life, but I'm making a point.
1107 I find that the hole the bit makes can be modeled with the function
1108 \begin_inset Formula $g(x)=\frac{x^{2}}{16}$
1112 I would need to subtract the volume of the material removed from the volume
1114 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1118 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1122 Each individual cylinder would become like a
1123 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1127 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1131 To get the area of one washer, I would use the formula
1134 \begin_layout Standard
1135 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
1140 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1141 \begin_inset Box Boxed
1150 height_special "totalheight"
1153 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1154 Here I used RLPlot to draw the square root function and the quadratic function.
1155 Then I used Inkscape to shade the area between them.
1161 \begin_inset Caption
1163 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1165 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
1169 \begin_inset Formula $g(x)$
1172 and the area left by
1173 \begin_inset Formula $f(x)-g(x)$
1189 \begin_layout Standard
1190 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1191 A_{washer} & = & A_{cup}-A_{drill}\\
1192 & = & \pi f^{2}(x)-\pi g^{2}(x)\\
1193 & = & \pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\end{eqnarray*}
1200 \begin_layout Standard
1201 The volume of each washer would be
1204 \begin_layout Standard
1205 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1206 V_{washer} & = & A_{washer}\, dx\\
1207 & = & \pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\, dx\end{eqnarray*}
1214 \begin_layout Standard
1216 Then, by summing the volumes of all the washers between points
1217 \begin_inset Formula $a$
1221 \begin_inset Formula $b$
1224 , the integral is derived:
1227 \begin_layout Standard
1228 \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation}
1229 \int_{a}^{b}\,\pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\, dx\end{equation}
1236 \begin_layout Standard
1237 In the case of our quadratic drill bit::
1238 \begin_inset Float marginfigure
1243 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1244 \begin_inset Box Boxed
1253 height_special "totalheight"
1256 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1257 This was the rotated set of 2 functions.
1263 \begin_inset Caption
1265 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1266 The cup with a quadratic hole drilled down its length
1279 \begin_layout Standard
1280 \begin_inset Formula \begin{eqnarray*}
1281 \int_{0}^{4}\,\pi\left(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^{2}-\left(\frac{x^{2}}{16}\right)\right)\, dx & = & \pi\int_{0}^{4}\,\left(x-\frac{x^{4}}{256}\right)\, dx\\
1282 & = & \pi\left(\int_{0}^{4}\, x\, dx-\int_{0}^{4}\,\frac{x^{4}}{256}\, dx\right)\\
1283 & = & \pi\left(\left.\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}-\left.\left(\frac{x^{5}}{1280}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}\right)\\
1284 & = & \pi\left(\left(\frac{4^{2}}{2}-0\right)-\left(\frac{4^{5}}{1280}-0\right)\right)\\
1285 & = & \pi\left(8-0.8\right)\\
1286 & = & 7.2\pi\end{eqnarray*}
1293 \begin_layout Standard
1297 \begin_layout Section
1301 \begin_layout Itemize
1302 p114: 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15
1305 \begin_layout Standard
1306 \begin_inset CommandInset bibtex
1308 bibfiles "biblioExample"
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