1 #LyX 1.6.5svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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7 %% Uncomment the following for Tableaux captions on top:
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8 %\floatstyle{plaintop}
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9 %\restylefloat{tableau}
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11 \use_default_options false
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19 \font_typewriter default
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20 \font_default_family default
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27 \paperfontsize default
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31 \pdf_bookmarksnumbered false
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32 \pdf_bookmarksopen false
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33 \pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1
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34 \pdf_breaklinks false
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36 \pdf_colorlinks false
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38 \pdf_pdfusetitle true
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45 \paperorientation portrait
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48 \paragraph_separation indent
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50 \quotes_language english
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53 \paperpagestyle default
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54 \tracking_changes false
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55 \output_changes false
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63 Writing linguistic papers with LyX
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66 \begin_layout Author
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68 \begin_inset Newline newline
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72 \begin_inset CommandInset href
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74 target "spitz@lyx.org"
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86 \begin_layout Abstract
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87 This paper describes some features that LyX provides to linguists.
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88 It demonstrates how to use some native support in order to produce numbered
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89 examples, glosses, OT tableaux, semantic markup, and phonetic symbols (IPA).
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92 \begin_layout Section
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93 Aims and prerequisites
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96 \begin_layout Standard
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97 Basically, this paper describes the features of the
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98 \begin_inset Quotes eld
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102 \begin_inset Quotes erd
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105 module that ships with LyX as of version 1.6.0.
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107 \begin_inset Quotes eld
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111 \begin_inset Quotes erd
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114 are support files (introduced with LyX 1.6.0) that can easily be selected
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116 In order to use the Linguistics module, go to
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118 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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119 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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123 \begin_inset Quotes eld
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127 \begin_inset Quotes erd
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130 from the list of available modules, and hit the
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134 button to select it for your document (as already done for this document).
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137 \begin_layout Standard
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138 You should be able to use the module with any document class (please inform
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140 However, in order to use all the features, you need to have the following
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141 LaTeX packages installed:
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144 \begin_layout Enumerate
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150 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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156 : This is the base package used for numbered examples and glosses.
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159 \begin_layout Enumerate
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165 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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171 : This package is used for the Subexamples style.
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172 It is generally useful to alter the appearance of lists (such as
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187 \begin_layout Enumerate
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193 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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204 The package provides context sensitive quotation marks, depending on the
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208 \begin_layout Enumerate
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214 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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220 : Needed for the OT tableaux floats and list of floats.
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221 This package should be part of any LaTeX distribution.
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224 \begin_layout Section
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228 \begin_layout Standard
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229 Numbered examples are inserted via the layout drop-down box in the toolbar.
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230 There are three variants:
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233 \begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
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234 This is a multiline example [Style
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236 Numbered Example (multiline)
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241 \begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
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242 it can have several paragraphs
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245 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
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246 This is a single example
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247 \begin_inset CommandInset label
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249 name "exa:single-example"
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255 Numbered Example (consecutive)
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260 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
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261 Consecutive single examples get their own numbers
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264 \begin_layout Subexample
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265 This is a subexample
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266 \begin_inset CommandInset label
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268 name "sub:subexample"
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279 \begin_layout Subexample
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283 \begin_layout Standard
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284 References to examples are produced as usual: insert a label to the example
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285 and a cross-reference via
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287 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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291 We refer here, just for the sake of demonstrating this, to
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292 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
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294 reference "exa:single-example"
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299 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
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301 reference "sub:subexample"
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308 \begin_layout Section
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312 \begin_layout Standard
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313 The Linguistics module provides two kinds of glosses, which can be inserted
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316 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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323 provides a gloss that consists of two lines and a translation, the
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327 insets consists of three lines and a translation.
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328 Each translation line might span multiple lines in the output, i.
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329 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
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332 e., the paragraphs are automatically broken if they exceed the text width.
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333 Note that the translation line is mandatory and must be preceded by the
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340 which must be inserted verbatim in the gloss inset (TeX mode is not needed,
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341 and in fact not even possible).
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344 \begin_layout Standard
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345 Here is a simple example:
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348 \begin_layout Standard
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349 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Glosse
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352 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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354 C'est un exemple simple
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357 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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359 {This is} an example simple
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362 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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367 \begin_inset Quotes els
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370 This is a simple example
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371 \begin_inset Quotes ers
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382 \begin_layout Standard
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384 Note how the braces hold together multi-word expressions.
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387 \begin_layout Standard
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388 In the same vein, we can make a three-line gloss:
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391 \begin_layout Standard
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392 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Tri-Glosse
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395 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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397 C'est un exemple simple
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400 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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402 {Das ist} ein Beispiel einfach
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405 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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407 {This is} an example simple
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410 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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415 \begin_inset Quotes els
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418 This is a simple example
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419 \begin_inset Quotes ers
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430 \begin_layout Standard
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432 If you want to have numbered glosses, you can simply insert the gloss inset
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433 to a numbered examples paragraph, as follows:
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436 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
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437 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Tri-Glosse
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440 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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442 Mein Luftkissenfahrzeug ist voller Aale
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445 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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447 My skeertuig is vol palings
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450 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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452 My hovercraft is {full of} eels
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455 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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460 \begin_inset Quotes els
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463 Do you have matches?
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464 \begin_inset Quotes ers
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475 \begin_layout Standard
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476 Note that font changes are not allowed in glosses.
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481 dialog is disabled.
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482 Since glosses are not hyphenated, an explicit language setting in the LaTeX
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483 output is not required (in fact, it would break the output, since covington
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484 does not support it).
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485 However, you still might want to set the language for proper spell checking.
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486 Currently, you have to do this as follows: select the text, and then issue
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490 arg "command-execute"
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501 should be replaced by the respective language, e.
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502 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
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519 In the LaTeX output, this setting will be supressed.
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522 \begin_layout Section
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523 Optimality Theory Tableaux
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526 \begin_layout Standard
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527 OT tableaux itself can of course simply be inserted as ordinary tables (for
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528 specific features such as dashed lines and shaded cells, cf.
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534 However, you might want to have the tableaux numbered throughout the document,
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535 and you might want to have a
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547 \begin_layout Standard
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548 The Linguistics module provides support for both.
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551 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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554 , you'll find a Tableaux float:
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557 \begin_layout Standard
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558 \begin_inset Float tableau
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564 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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566 \begin_inset Tabular
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567 <lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="5">
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569 <column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0">
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570 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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571 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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572 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0" special="|c">
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573 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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575 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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578 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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584 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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587 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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595 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
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598 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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606 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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609 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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617 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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620 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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630 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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633 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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634 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{☞}$
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638 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
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646 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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649 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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655 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
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658 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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664 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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667 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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673 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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676 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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684 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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687 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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693 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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696 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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702 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
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705 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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711 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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714 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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720 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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723 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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731 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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734 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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735 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
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743 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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746 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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752 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
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755 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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761 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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764 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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770 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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773 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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781 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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784 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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790 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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793 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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799 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
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802 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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808 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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811 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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817 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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820 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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834 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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835 \begin_inset Caption
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837 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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851 \begin_layout Standard
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852 Note that by default, the caption is always placed below the tableaux in
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853 the output, no matter where you put it in the LyX window.
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854 To get the Tableaux captions on top, put the following code in
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856 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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857 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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863 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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866 floatstyle{plaintop}
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869 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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872 restylefloat{tableau}
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875 \begin_layout Standard
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876 If your using a KOMA class, use the following instead for better spacing:
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879 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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882 floatstyle{komaabove}
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885 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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888 restylefloat{tableau}
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891 \begin_layout Standard
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892 A List of Tableaux inset can be found in
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894 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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898 Even though this usually is placed at the beginning or the end of the document,
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899 we do this here for exemplification purposes:
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902 \begin_layout Standard
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903 \begin_inset FloatList tableau
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910 \begin_layout Section
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911 Semantic Markup (Character Styles)
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914 \begin_layout Standard
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915 The Linguistics module comes with some character styles that are common
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919 \begin_layout Enumerate
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920 Concept (in small caps):
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921 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Concepts
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924 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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933 \begin_layout Enumerate
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934 Expression (emphasized):
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935 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Expression
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938 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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947 \begin_layout Enumerate
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948 Meaning (in single quotes):
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949 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Meaning
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952 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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961 \begin_layout Standard
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962 You can insert the character styles via the
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964 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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968 If you need to change the appearance of these styles later, you can redefine
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969 them in the preamble.
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970 To make expressions bold, for instance, insert:
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973 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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983 \begin_layout Standard
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984 Similarly, concept (
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999 \begin_layout Section
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1000 Phonetic Symbols (IPA)
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1003 \begin_layout Standard
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1004 You do not need the Linguistics module to insert phonetic symbols, this
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1005 is a base functionality of LyX.
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1006 However, since this is frequently used by linguists, we will describe it
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1007 (briefly) in this paper nevertheless.
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1010 \begin_layout Standard
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1011 A prerequisite to use LyX's IPA support is the LaTeX package
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1016 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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1023 Additionally, if you want to have instant preview, you should have the
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1029 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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1038 \begin_layout Standard
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1039 Phonetic symbols can be entered via
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1041 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1042 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1046 You get a little frame, where you can insert the symbols using the shortcut
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1047 notation which is described in the
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1053 \begin_inset Formula $\text{\textipa{[Ekspl@"neIS@n]}}$
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1060 shortcut notation:
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1061 \family typewriter
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1072 x is installed and you have switched on instant preview (in
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1074 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1075 Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1078 cs), you'll get a nice preview as soon as the cursor leaves the frame.
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1081 \begin_layout Standard
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1082 Furthermore, most IPA glyphs can also be inserted (e.
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1083 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
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1087 \begin_inset space \space{}
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1092 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1093 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1094 Symbols\SpecialChar \ldots{}
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1097 ) or pasted directly into LyX: [ɛkspləˈneɪʃən].
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1098 In the output, they will be automatically transformed into the correct
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1103 macro (if not, please inform me).
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1104 However, please note that the former method produces better output quality
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1108 \begin_layout Enumerate
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1109 direct input might result in a mix of fonts (in the above example, the latin
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1110 characters are taken from the base font, the IPA glyphs from the IPA font,
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1113 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1114 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1117 s uses the IPA font for all characters)
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1120 \begin_layout Enumerate
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1121 the letter kerning is not preserved
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1124 \begin_layout Standard
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1125 So unless you only need to insert single IPA characters, the former method
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1126 is recommended, and it's worth learning the (pretty intuitive) IPA shortcut
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1130 \begin_layout Section
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1131 Further information
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1134 \begin_layout Standard
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1135 For a detailed description of specific possibilities for linguists, please
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1136 refer to the LinguistLyX page on the LyX wiki
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1137 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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1143 (feel free to enter your own hints there).
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1146 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1147 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1148 LatexCommand bibitem
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1153 The covington package:
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1154 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1157 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1159 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/covington/
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1167 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1168 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1169 LatexCommand bibitem
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1174 The csquotes package:
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1175 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1178 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1180 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/csquotes/
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1188 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1189 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1190 LatexCommand bibitem
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1195 The enumitem package:
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1196 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1199 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1201 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/
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1209 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1210 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1211 LatexCommand bibitem
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1216 The float package:
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1217 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1220 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1222 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/float/
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1230 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1231 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1232 LatexCommand bibitem
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1237 Maria Gouskova, Stacia Hartleben and Jürgen Spitzmüller: Using LyX for Linguisti
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1240 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1243 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1245 http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/LinguistLyX
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1253 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1254 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1255 LatexCommand bibitem
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1260 The preview-latex package:
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1261 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1264 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1266 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preview/
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1274 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1275 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1276 LatexCommand bibitem
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1281 The tipa package and fonts:
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1282 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1285 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1287 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/tipa/
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