1 #LyX 1.6.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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7 %% Uncomment the following for Tableaux captions on top:
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8 %\floatstyle{plaintop}
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9 %\restylefloat{tableau}
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11 \use_default_options false
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19 \font_typewriter default
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20 \font_default_family default
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27 \paperfontsize default
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31 \pdf_bookmarksnumbered false
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32 \pdf_bookmarksopen false
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33 \pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1
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34 \pdf_breaklinks false
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36 \pdf_colorlinks false
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38 \pdf_pdfusetitle true
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45 \paperorientation portrait
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48 \paragraph_separation indent
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50 \quotes_language english
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53 \paperpagestyle default
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54 \tracking_changes false
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55 \output_changes false
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63 Writing linguistic papers with LyX
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66 \begin_layout Author
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68 \begin_inset Newline newline
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72 \begin_inset CommandInset href
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74 target "spitz@lyx.org"
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86 \begin_layout Abstract
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87 This paper describes some features that LyX provides to linguists.
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88 It demonstrates how to use some native support in order to produce numbered
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89 examples, glosses, OT tableaux, semantic markup, and phonetic symbols (IPA).
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92 \begin_layout Section
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93 Aims and prerequisites
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96 \begin_layout Standard
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97 Basically, this paper describes the features of the
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98 \begin_inset Quotes eld
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102 \begin_inset Quotes erd
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105 module that ships with LyX as of version 1.6.0.
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107 \begin_inset Quotes eld
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111 \begin_inset Quotes erd
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114 are support files (introduced with LyX 1.6.0) that can easily be selected
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116 In order to use the Linguistics module, go to
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118 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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119 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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123 \begin_inset Quotes eld
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127 \begin_inset Quotes erd
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130 from the list of available modules, and hit the
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134 button to select it for your document (as already done for this document).
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137 \begin_layout Standard
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138 You should be able to use the module with any document class (please inform
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140 However, in order to use all the features, you need to have the following
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141 LaTeX packages installed:
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144 \begin_layout Enumerate
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150 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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156 : This is the base package used for numbered examples and glosses.
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159 \begin_layout Enumerate
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165 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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171 : This package is used for the Subexamples style.
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172 It is generally useful to alter the appearance of lists (such as
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187 \begin_layout Enumerate
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193 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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204 The package provides context sensitive quotation marks, depending on the
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208 \begin_layout Enumerate
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214 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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220 : Needed for the OT tableaux floats and list of floats.
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221 This package should be part of any LaTeX distribution.
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224 \begin_layout Section
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228 \begin_layout Standard
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229 Numbered examples are inserted via the layout dropdown box in the toolbar.
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230 There are three variants:
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233 \begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
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234 This is a multiline example [Style
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236 Numbered Example (multiline)
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241 \begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
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242 it can have several paragraphs
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245 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
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246 This is a single example
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247 \begin_inset CommandInset label
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249 name "exa:single-example"
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255 Numbered Example (consecutive)
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260 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
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261 Consecutive single examples get their own numbers
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264 \begin_layout Subexample
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265 This is a subexample
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266 \begin_inset CommandInset label
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268 name "sub:subexample"
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279 \begin_layout Subexample
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283 \begin_layout Standard
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284 References to examples are produced as usual: insert a label to the example
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285 and a crossreference via
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287 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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291 We refer here, just for the sake of demonstrating this, to
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292 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
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294 reference "exa:single-example"
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299 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
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301 reference "sub:subexample"
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308 \begin_layout Section
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312 \begin_layout Standard
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313 The Linguistics module provides two kinds of glosses, which can be inserted
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316 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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323 provides a glosse that consists of two lines and a translation, the
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327 insets consists of three lines and a translation.
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328 Note that the translation line is mandatory and must be preceded by the
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335 which should be inserted verbatim in the Glosse inset (ERT is not needed,
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336 and in fact not even possible).
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339 \begin_layout Standard
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340 Here is a simple example:
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343 \begin_layout Standard
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344 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Glosse
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347 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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348 C'est un exemple simple
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351 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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352 {This is} an example simple
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355 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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359 \begin_inset Quotes els
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362 This is a simple example
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363 \begin_inset Quotes ers
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374 \begin_layout Standard
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375 Note that the braces hold together multi-word expressions.
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376 In the same vein, we can make a three-line glosse:
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379 \begin_layout Standard
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380 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Tri-Glosse
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383 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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384 C'est un exemple simple
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387 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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388 {Das ist} ein Beispiel einfach
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391 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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392 {This is} an example simple
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395 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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399 \begin_inset Quotes els
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402 This is a simple example
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403 \begin_inset Quotes ers
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414 \begin_layout Standard
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415 If you want to have numbered glosses, you can simply insert the Glosse inset
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416 to a numbered examples paragraph, as follows:
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419 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
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420 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Tri-Glosse
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423 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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424 Mein Luftkissenfahrzeug ist voller Aale
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427 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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428 My skeertuig is vol palings
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431 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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432 My hovercraft is {full of} eels
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435 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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439 \begin_inset Quotes els
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442 Do you have matches?
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443 \begin_inset Quotes ers
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454 \begin_layout Section
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455 Optimality Theory Tableaux
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458 \begin_layout Standard
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459 OT tableaux itself can of course simply be inserted as ordinary tables (for
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460 specific features such as dashed lines and shaded cells, cf.
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466 However, you might want to have the tableaux numbered throughout the document,
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467 and you might want to have a
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479 \begin_layout Standard
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480 The Linguistics module provides support for both.
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483 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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486 , you'll find a Tableaux float:
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489 \begin_layout Standard
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490 \begin_inset Float tableau
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496 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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498 \begin_inset Tabular
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499 <lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="5">
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501 <column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0">
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502 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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503 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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504 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0" special="|c">
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505 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
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507 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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510 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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516 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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519 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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527 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
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530 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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538 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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541 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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549 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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552 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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562 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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565 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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566 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{☞}$
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570 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
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578 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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581 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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587 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
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590 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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596 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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599 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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605 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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608 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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616 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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619 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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625 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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628 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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634 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
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637 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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643 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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646 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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652 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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655 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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663 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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666 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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667 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
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675 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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678 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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684 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
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687 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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693 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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696 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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702 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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705 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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713 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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716 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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722 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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725 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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731 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
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734 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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740 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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743 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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749 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
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752 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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766 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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767 \begin_inset Caption
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769 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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783 \begin_layout Standard
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784 Note that by default, the caption is always placed below the tableaux in
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785 the output, no matter where you put it in the LyX window.
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786 To get the Tableaux captions on top, put the following code in
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788 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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789 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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795 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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798 floatstyle{plaintop}
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801 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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804 restylefloat{tableau}
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807 \begin_layout Standard
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808 If your using a KOMA class, use the following instead for better spacing:
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811 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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814 floatstyle{komaabove}
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817 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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820 restylefloat{tableau}
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823 \begin_layout Standard
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824 A List of Tableaux inset can be found in
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826 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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830 Even though this usually is placed at the beginning or the end of the document,
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831 we do this here for exemplification purposes:
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834 \begin_layout Standard
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835 \begin_inset FloatList tableau
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842 \begin_layout Section
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843 Semantic Markup (Character Styles)
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846 \begin_layout Standard
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847 The Linguistics module comes with some character styles that are common
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851 \begin_layout Enumerate
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852 Concept (in small caps):
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853 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Concepts
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856 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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865 \begin_layout Enumerate
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866 Expression (emphasized):
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867 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Expression
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870 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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879 \begin_layout Enumerate
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880 Meaning (in single quotes):
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881 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Meaning
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884 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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893 \begin_layout Standard
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894 You can insert the character styles via the
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896 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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900 If you need to change the appearance of these styles later, you can redefine
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901 them in the preamble.
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902 To make expressions bold, for instance, insert:
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905 \begin_layout LyX-Code
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915 \begin_layout Standard
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916 Similarly, concept (
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931 \begin_layout Section
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932 Phonetic Symbols (IPA)
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935 \begin_layout Standard
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936 You do not need the Linguistics module to insert phonetic symbols, this
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937 is a base functionality of LyX.
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938 However, since this is frequently used by linguists, we will describe it
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939 (briefly) in this paper nevertheless.
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942 \begin_layout Standard
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943 A prerequisite to use LyX's IPA support is the LaTeX package
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948 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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955 Additionally, if you want to have instant preview, you should have the
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961 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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970 \begin_layout Standard
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971 Phonetic symbols can be entered via
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973 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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974 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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978 You get a little frame, where you can insert the symbols using the shortcut
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979 notation which is described in the
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985 \begin_inset Formula $\text{\textipa{[Ekspl@"neIS@n]}}$
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992 shortcut notation:
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1004 x is installed and you have switched on instant preview (in
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1006 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1007 Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1010 cs), you'll get a nice preview as soon as the cursor leaves the frame.
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1013 \begin_layout Standard
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1014 Furthermore, most IPA glyphs can also be inserted (e.
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1015 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
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1019 \begin_inset space \space{}
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1024 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1025 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1026 Symbols\SpecialChar \ldots{}
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1029 ) or pasted directly into LyX: [ɛkspləˈneɪʃən].
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1030 In the output, they will be automatically transformed into the correct
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1035 macro (if not, please inform me).
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1036 However, please note that the former method produces better output quality
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1040 \begin_layout Enumerate
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1041 direct input might result in a mix of fonts (in the above example, the latin
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1042 characters are taken from the base font, the IPA glyphs from the IPA font,
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1045 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1046 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
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1049 s uses the IPA font for all characters)
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1052 \begin_layout Enumerate
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1053 the letter kerning is not preserved
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1056 \begin_layout Standard
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1057 So unless you only need to insert single IPA characters, the former method
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1058 is recommended, and it's worth learning the (pretty intuitive) IPA shortcut
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1062 \begin_layout Section
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1063 Further information
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1066 \begin_layout Standard
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1067 For a detailed description of specific possibilities for linguists, please
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1068 refer to the LinguistLyX page on the LyX wiki
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1069 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
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1075 (feel free to enter your own hints there).
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1078 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1079 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1080 LatexCommand bibitem
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1085 The covington package:
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1086 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1089 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1091 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/covington/
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1099 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1100 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1101 LatexCommand bibitem
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1106 The csquotes package:
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1107 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1110 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1112 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/csquotes/
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1120 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1121 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1122 LatexCommand bibitem
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1127 The enumitem package:
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1128 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1131 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1133 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/
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1141 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1142 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1143 LatexCommand bibitem
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1148 The float package:
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1149 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1152 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1154 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/float/
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1162 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1163 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1164 LatexCommand bibitem
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1169 Maria Gouskova, Stacia Hartleben and Jürgen Spitzmüller: Using LyX for Linguisti
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1172 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1175 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1177 http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/LinguistLyX
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1185 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1186 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1187 LatexCommand bibitem
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1192 The preview-latex package:
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1193 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1196 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1198 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preview/
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1206 \begin_layout Bibliography
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1207 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
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1208 LatexCommand bibitem
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1213 The tipa package and fonts:
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1214 \begin_inset Flex URL
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1217 \begin_layout Plain Layout
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1219 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/tipa/
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