1 #LyX 1.6.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
7 %% Uncomment the following for Tableaux captions on top:
9 %\restylefloat{tableau}
11 \use_default_options false
19 \font_typewriter default
20 \font_default_family default
27 \paperfontsize default
36 \paperorientation portrait
39 \paragraph_separation indent
41 \quotes_language english
44 \paperpagestyle default
45 \tracking_changes false
54 Writing linguistic papers with LyX
59 \begin_inset Newline newline
63 \begin_inset CommandInset href
65 target "spitz@lyx.org"
77 \begin_layout Abstract
78 This paper describes some features that LyX provides to linguists.
79 It demonstrates how to use some native support in order to produce numbered
80 examples, glosses, OT tableaux, semantic markup, and phonetic symbols (IPA).
84 Aims and prerequisites
87 \begin_layout Standard
88 Basically, this paper describes the features of the
89 \begin_inset Quotes eld
93 \begin_inset Quotes erd
96 module that ships with LyX as of version 1.6.0.
98 \begin_inset Quotes eld
102 \begin_inset Quotes erd
105 are support files (introduced with LyX 1.6.0) that can easily be selected
107 In order to use the Linguistics module, go to
109 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
110 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
114 \begin_inset Quotes eld
118 \begin_inset Quotes erd
121 from the list of available modules, and hit the
125 button to select it for your document (as already done for this document).
128 \begin_layout Standard
129 You should be able to use the module with any document class (please inform
131 However, in order to use all the features, you need to have the following
132 LaTeX packages installed:
135 \begin_layout Enumerate
141 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
147 : This is the base package used for numbered examples and glosses.
150 \begin_layout Enumerate
156 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
162 : This package is used for the Subexamples style.
163 It is generally useful to alter the appearance of lists (such as
178 \begin_layout Enumerate
184 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
195 The package provides context sensitive quotation marks, depending on the
199 \begin_layout Enumerate
205 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
211 : Needed for the OT tableaux floats and list of floats.
212 This package should be part of any LaTeX distribution.
215 \begin_layout Section
219 \begin_layout Standard
220 Numbered examples are inserted via the layout dropdown box in the toolbar.
221 There are three variants:
224 \begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
225 This is a multiline example [Style
227 Numbered Example (multiline)
232 \begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
233 it can have several paragraphs
236 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
237 This is a single example
238 \begin_inset CommandInset label
240 name "exa:single-example"
246 Numbered Example (consecutive)
251 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
252 Consecutive single examples get their own numbers
255 \begin_layout Subexample
257 \begin_inset CommandInset label
259 name "sub:subexample"
270 \begin_layout Subexample
274 \begin_layout Standard
275 References to examples are produced as usual: insert a label to the example
276 and a crossreference via
278 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
282 We refer here, just for the sake of demonstrating this, to
283 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
285 reference "exa:single-example"
290 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
292 reference "sub:subexample"
299 \begin_layout Section
303 \begin_layout Standard
304 The Linguistics module provides two kinds of glosses, which can be inserted
307 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
314 provides a glosse that consists of two lines and a translation, the
318 insets consists of three lines and a translation.
319 Note that the translation line is mandatory and must be preceded by the
326 which should be inserted verbatim in the Glosse inset (ERT is not needed,
327 and in fact not even possible).
330 \begin_layout Standard
331 Here is a simple example:
334 \begin_layout Standard
335 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Glosse
338 \begin_layout Plain Layout
339 C'est un exemple simple
342 \begin_layout Plain Layout
343 {This is} an example simple
346 \begin_layout Plain Layout
350 \begin_inset Quotes els
353 This is a simple example
354 \begin_inset Quotes ers
365 \begin_layout Standard
366 Note that the braces hold together multi-word expressions.
367 In the same vein, we can make a three-line glosse:
370 \begin_layout Standard
371 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Tri-Glosse
374 \begin_layout Plain Layout
375 C'est un exemple simple
378 \begin_layout Plain Layout
379 {Das ist} ein Beispiel einfach
382 \begin_layout Plain Layout
383 {This is} an example simple
386 \begin_layout Plain Layout
390 \begin_inset Quotes els
393 This is a simple example
394 \begin_inset Quotes ers
405 \begin_layout Standard
406 If you want to have numbered glosses, you can simply insert the Glosse inset
407 to a numbered examples paragraph, as follows:
410 \begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
411 \begin_inset Flex Custom:Tri-Glosse
414 \begin_layout Plain Layout
415 Mein Luftkissenfahrzeug ist voller Aale
418 \begin_layout Plain Layout
419 My skeertuig is vol palings
422 \begin_layout Plain Layout
423 My hovercraft is {full of} eels
426 \begin_layout Plain Layout
430 \begin_inset Quotes els
434 \begin_inset Quotes ers
445 \begin_layout Section
446 Optimality Theory Tableaux
449 \begin_layout Standard
450 OT tableaux itself can of course simply be inserted as ordinary tables (for
451 specific features such as dashed lines and shaded cells, cf.
457 However, you might want to have the tableaux numbered throughout the document,
458 and you might want to have a
470 \begin_layout Standard
471 The Linguistics module provides support for both.
474 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
477 , you'll find a Tableaux float:
480 \begin_layout Standard
481 \begin_inset Float tableau
487 \begin_layout Plain Layout
490 <lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="5">
492 <column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0">
493 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
494 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
495 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0" special="|c">
496 <column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0">
498 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
501 \begin_layout Plain Layout
507 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
510 \begin_layout Plain Layout
518 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
521 \begin_layout Plain Layout
529 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
532 \begin_layout Plain Layout
540 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
543 \begin_layout Plain Layout
553 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
556 \begin_layout Plain Layout
557 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{☞}$
561 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
569 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
572 \begin_layout Plain Layout
578 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
581 \begin_layout Plain Layout
587 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
590 \begin_layout Plain Layout
596 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
599 \begin_layout Plain Layout
607 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
610 \begin_layout Plain Layout
616 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
619 \begin_layout Plain Layout
625 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
628 \begin_layout Plain Layout
634 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
637 \begin_layout Plain Layout
643 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
646 \begin_layout Plain Layout
654 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
657 \begin_layout Plain Layout
658 \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
666 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
669 \begin_layout Plain Layout
675 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
678 \begin_layout Plain Layout
684 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
687 \begin_layout Plain Layout
693 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
696 \begin_layout Plain Layout
704 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
707 \begin_layout Plain Layout
713 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
716 \begin_layout Plain Layout
722 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
725 \begin_layout Plain Layout
731 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
734 \begin_layout Plain Layout
740 <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
743 \begin_layout Plain Layout
757 \begin_layout Plain Layout
760 \begin_layout Plain Layout
774 \begin_layout Standard
775 Note that by default, the caption is always placed below the tableaux in
776 the output, no matter where you put it in the LyX window.
777 To get the Tableaux captions on top, put the following code in
779 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
780 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
786 \begin_layout LyX-Code
792 \begin_layout LyX-Code
795 restylefloat{tableau}
798 \begin_layout Standard
799 If your using a KOMA class, use the following instead for better spacing:
802 \begin_layout LyX-Code
805 floatstyle{komaabove}
808 \begin_layout LyX-Code
811 restylefloat{tableau}
814 \begin_layout Standard
815 A List of Tableaux inset can be found in
817 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
821 Even though this usually is placed at the beginning or the end of the document,
822 we do this here for exemplification purposes:
825 \begin_layout Standard
826 \begin_inset FloatList tableau
833 \begin_layout Section
834 Semantic Markup (Character Styles)
837 \begin_layout Standard
838 The Linguistics module comes with some character styles that are common
842 \begin_layout Enumerate
843 Concept (in small caps):
844 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Concepts
847 \begin_layout Plain Layout
856 \begin_layout Enumerate
857 Expression (emphasized):
858 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Expression
861 \begin_layout Plain Layout
870 \begin_layout Enumerate
871 Meaning (in single quotes):
872 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Meaning
875 \begin_layout Plain Layout
884 \begin_layout Standard
885 You can insert the character styles via the
887 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
891 If you need to change the appearance of these styles later, you can redefine
892 them in the preamble.
893 To make expressions bold, for instance, insert:
896 \begin_layout LyX-Code
906 \begin_layout Standard
922 \begin_layout Section
923 Phonetic Symbols (IPA)
926 \begin_layout Standard
927 You do not need the Linguistics module to insert phonetic symbols, this
928 is a base functionality of LyX.
929 However, since this is frequently used by linguists, we will describe it
930 (briefly) in this paper nevertheless.
933 \begin_layout Standard
934 A prerequisite to use LyX's IPA support is the LaTeX package
939 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
946 Additionally, if you want to have instant preview, you should have the
952 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
961 \begin_layout Standard
962 Phonetic symbols can be entered via
964 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
965 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
969 You get a little frame, where you can insert the symbols using the shortcut
970 notation which is described in the tipa manual.
972 \begin_inset Formula $\text{\textipa{[Ekspl@"neIS@n]}}$
976 Given that preview-latex is installed and you have switched on instant
979 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
980 Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
983 ), you'll get a nice preview as soon as the cursor leaves the frame.
986 \begin_layout Standard
987 Furthermore, most IPA glyphs can also be inserted (e.
988 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
994 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
995 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
996 Symbols\SpecialChar \ldots{}
999 ) or pasted directly into LyX: [ɛkspləˈneɪʃən].
1000 In the output, they will be automatically transformed into the correct
1005 macro (if not, please inform me).
1006 However, please note that the former method produces better output quality
1010 \begin_layout Enumerate
1011 direct input might result in a mix of fonts (in the above example, the latin
1012 characters are taken from the base font, the IPA glyphs from the IPA font,
1015 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1016 Special characters\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1019 s uses the IPA font for all characters)
1022 \begin_layout Enumerate
1023 the letter kerning is not preserved
1026 \begin_layout Standard
1027 So unless you only need to insert single IPA characters, the former method
1028 is recommended, and it's worth learning the (pretty intuitive) IPA shortcut
1032 \begin_layout Section
1036 \begin_layout Standard
1037 For a detailed description of specific possibilities for linguists, please
1038 refer to the LinguistLyX page on the LyX wiki
1039 \begin_inset CommandInset citation
1045 (feel free to enter your own hints there).
1048 \begin_layout Bibliography
1049 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1050 LatexCommand bibitem
1055 The covington package:
1056 \begin_inset Flex URL
1059 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1061 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/covington/
1069 \begin_layout Bibliography
1070 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1071 LatexCommand bibitem
1076 The csquotes package:
1077 \begin_inset Flex URL
1080 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1082 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/csquotes/
1090 \begin_layout Bibliography
1091 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1092 LatexCommand bibitem
1097 The enumitem package:
1098 \begin_inset Flex URL
1101 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1103 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/
1111 \begin_layout Bibliography
1112 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1113 LatexCommand bibitem
1119 \begin_inset Flex URL
1122 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1124 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/float/
1132 \begin_layout Bibliography
1133 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1134 LatexCommand bibitem
1139 Maria Gouskova, Stacia Hartleben and Jürgen Spitzmüller: Using LyX for Linguisti
1142 \begin_inset Flex URL
1145 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1147 http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/LinguistLyX
1155 \begin_layout Bibliography
1156 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1157 LatexCommand bibitem
1162 The preview-latex package:
1163 \begin_inset Flex URL
1166 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1168 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preview/
1176 \begin_layout Bibliography
1177 \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
1178 LatexCommand bibitem
1183 The tipa package and fonts:
1184 \begin_inset Flex URL
1187 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1189 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/tipa/