1 #LyX 2.0.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
7 % DO NOT ALTER THIS PREAMBLE!!!
9 % This preamble is designed to ensure that this document prints
10 % out as advertised. If you mess with this preamble,
11 % parts of this document may not print out as expected. If you
12 % have problems LaTeXing this file, please contact
13 % the documentation team
14 % email: lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org
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19 % set fonts for nicer pdf view
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25 % the pages of the TOC is numbered roman
26 % and a pdf-bookmark for the TOC is added
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34 % redefine the \LyX macro for PDF bookmarks
35 \def\LyX{\texorpdfstring{%
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80 \index_command default
84 \pdf_title "LyX Configuration Manual"
85 \pdf_author "LyX Team"
86 \pdf_subject "LyX-documentation Customization"
87 \pdf_keywords "LyX, documentation, customization"
89 \pdf_bookmarksnumbered true
90 \pdf_bookmarksopen true
91 \pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1
96 \pdf_pdfusetitle false
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106 \paperorientation portrait
119 \paragraph_separation indent
120 \paragraph_indentation default
121 \quotes_language english
124 \paperpagestyle headings
125 \tracking_changes false
126 \output_changes false
127 \html_use_mathml true
134 Customizing LyX: Features for the Advanced User
142 \begin_layout Plain Layout
144 If you have comments or error corrections, please send them to the LyX Documenta
146 \begin_inset CommandInset href
148 target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org"
155 \begin_inset Quotes eld
159 \begin_inset Quotes erd
162 in the subject header, and please cc the current maintainer of this file,
163 Richard Heck <rgheck@comcast.net>.
169 \begin_inset Newline newline
173 \begin_inset Newline newline
179 \begin_layout Standard
180 \begin_inset CommandInset toc
181 LatexCommand tableofcontents
188 \begin_layout Standard
189 \begin_inset Note Note
192 \begin_layout Plain Layout
193 Please use change tracking when modifying this document.
194 This makes it easier for our translators to recognize things that have
195 been changed, and it helps the maintainer keep up-to-date with what's been
204 \begin_layout Chapter
208 \begin_layout Standard
209 This manual covers the customization features present in LyX.
210 In it, we discuss issues like keyboard shortcuts, screen previewing options,
211 printer options, sending commands to LyX via the LyX Server, internationalizati
212 on, installing new LaTeX classes and LyX layouts, etc.
213 We can't possibly hope to touch on everything you can change—our developers
214 add new features faster than we can document them—but we will explain the
215 most common customizations and hopefully point you in the right direction
216 for some of the more obscure ones.
219 \begin_layout Standard
220 \begin_inset Branch OutDated
223 \begin_layout Standard
224 Information from previous versions of this document that now seems to be
225 outdated is contained in the OutDated branch of this document.
226 By default, this information will not appear in the LaTeX output.
234 \begin_layout Chapter
235 LyX configuration files
238 \begin_layout Standard
239 This chapter aims to help you to find your way through the LyX configuration
241 Before continuing to read this chapter, you should find out where your
242 LyX library and user directories are by using
243 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
246 \begin_layout Plain Layout
247 Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
258 The library directory is the place where LyX places its system-wide configurati
259 on files; the user directory is where you can place your modified versions.
260 We will call the former
261 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
264 \begin_layout Plain Layout
271 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
274 \begin_layout Plain Layout
280 in the remainder of this document.
284 \begin_layout Section
286 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
289 \begin_layout Plain Layout
298 \begin_layout Standard
299 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
302 \begin_layout Plain Layout
308 and its sub-directories contain a number of files and that can be used
309 to customize LyX's behavior.
310 You can change many of these files from within LyX itself through the
311 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
314 \begin_layout Plain Layout
315 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
322 Most customization that you will want to do in LyX is possible through
324 However, many other inner aspects of LyX can be customized by modifying
326 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
329 \begin_layout Plain Layout
336 These files fall in different categories, described in the following subsection
340 \begin_layout Subsection
341 Automatically generated files
344 \begin_layout Standard
345 The files, which are to be found in
346 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
349 \begin_layout Plain Layout
355 , are generated when you configure LyX.
356 They contain various default values that are guessed by inspection.
357 In general, it is not a good idea to modify them, since they might be overwritt
361 \begin_layout Labeling
362 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
363 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
366 \begin_layout Plain Layout
372 contains defaults for various commands.
375 \begin_layout Labeling
376 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
377 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
380 \begin_layout Plain Layout
386 contains the list of packages that have been recognized by LyX.
387 It is currently unused by the LyX program itself, but the information extracted
388 , and more, is made available with
389 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
392 \begin_layout Plain Layout
393 Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
406 \begin_layout Labeling
407 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
408 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
411 \begin_layout Plain Layout
417 the list of text classes that have been found in your
418 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
421 \begin_layout Plain Layout
427 directories, along with the associated LaTeX document class and their descripti
431 \begin_layout Labeling
432 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
433 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
436 \begin_layout Plain Layout
442 the list of layout modules found in your
443 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
446 \begin_layout Plain Layout
455 \begin_layout Labeling
456 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
457 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
460 \begin_layout Plain Layout
466 lists of various sorts of LaTeX-related files found on your system
469 \begin_layout Labeling
470 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
471 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
474 \begin_layout Plain Layout
480 is automatically generated during configuration from the file
481 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
484 \begin_layout Plain Layout
491 It contains information on your LaTeX configuration.
494 \begin_layout Subsection
498 \begin_layout Standard
499 These directories are duplicated between
500 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
503 \begin_layout Plain Layout
510 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
513 \begin_layout Plain Layout
520 If a particular files exists in both places, the one in
521 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
524 \begin_layout Plain Layout
533 \begin_layout Labeling
534 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
535 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
538 \begin_layout Plain Layout
544 this directory contains files with the extension
545 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
548 \begin_layout Plain Layout
554 that define the keybindings used in LyX.
555 If there exists an internationalized version of the bind file named
556 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
559 \begin_layout Plain Layout
565 , that will be used first.
568 \begin_layout Labeling
569 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
570 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
573 \begin_layout Plain Layout
579 contains graphics files that can be included in documents.
583 \begin_layout Labeling
584 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
585 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
588 \begin_layout Plain Layout
594 contains LyX documentation files (including the one you are currently reading).
596 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
599 \begin_layout Plain Layout
605 deserves special attention, as noted above.
606 The internationalized help docs are in subdirectories
607 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
610 \begin_layout Plain Layout
617 \begin_inset Quotes eld
621 \begin_inset Quotes erd
624 is the ISO language code.
630 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
632 reference "cha:Internationalizing-LyX"
639 \begin_layout Labeling
640 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
641 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
644 \begin_layout Plain Layout
650 contains example files that explain how to use some features.
651 In the file browser, press the
652 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
655 \begin_layout Plain Layout
664 \begin_layout Labeling
665 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
666 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
669 \begin_layout Plain Layout
675 contains image files that are used by the
676 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
679 \begin_layout Plain Layout
686 In addition, it also contains the individual icons used in the toolbar
687 and the banners that can be shown when LyX is launched.
690 \begin_layout Labeling
691 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
692 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
695 \begin_layout Plain Layout
701 contains keyboard keymapping files.
707 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
709 reference "sec:International-Keymap-Stuff"
716 \begin_layout Labeling
717 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
718 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
721 \begin_layout Plain Layout
727 contains the text class and module files described in Chapter
732 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
734 reference "cha:Installing-New-Document"
741 \begin_layout Labeling
742 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
743 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
746 \begin_layout Plain Layout
753 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
756 \begin_layout Plain Layout
762 Python scripts used to convert between LyX versions.
763 These can be run from the command line if, say, you want to batch-convert
767 \begin_layout Labeling
768 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
769 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
772 \begin_layout Plain Layout
778 contains some files that demonstrate the capabilities of the
779 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
782 \begin_layout Plain Layout
793 Also contains some scripts used by LyX itself.
796 \begin_layout Labeling
797 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
798 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
801 \begin_layout Plain Layout
807 contains the standard LyX template files described in Chapter
812 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
814 reference "sub:Creating-Templates"
821 \begin_layout Labeling
822 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
823 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
826 \begin_layout Plain Layout
832 contains files with the extension
833 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
836 \begin_layout Plain Layout
842 that define the user interface to LyX.
843 That is, the files define which items appear in which menus and the items
844 appearing on the toolbar.
847 \begin_layout Subsection
848 Files you don't want to modify
851 \begin_layout Standard
852 These files are used internally by LyX and you generally do not need to
853 modify them unless you are a developer.
856 \begin_layout Labeling
857 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
858 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
861 \begin_layout Plain Layout
867 this file contains the list of LyX developers.
868 The contents are displayed with the menu entry
869 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
872 \begin_layout Plain Layout
873 Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
886 \begin_layout Labeling
887 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
888 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
891 \begin_layout Plain Layout
897 this is a LaTeX script used during the configuration process.
901 \begin_layout Labeling
902 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
903 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
906 \begin_layout Plain Layout
912 this is the script that is used to re-configure LyX.
913 It creates configuration files in the directory it was run from.
916 \begin_layout Subsection
917 Other files needing a line or two...
920 \begin_layout Labeling
921 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
922 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
925 \begin_layout Plain Layout
931 this contains tables describing how different character encodings can be
935 \begin_layout Labeling
936 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
937 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
940 \begin_layout Plain Layout
946 this file contains the templates available to the new
947 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
950 \begin_layout Plain Layout
963 \begin_layout Labeling
964 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
965 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
968 \begin_layout Plain Layout
974 this file contains a list of all the languages currently supported by LyX.
977 \begin_layout Section
978 Your local configuration directory
981 \begin_layout Standard
982 Even if you are using LyX as an unprivileged user, you might want to change
983 LyX configuration for your own use.
985 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
988 \begin_layout Plain Layout
994 directory contains all your personal configuration files.
995 This is the directory described as
996 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1000 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1004 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1007 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1008 Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1010 \begin_inset space ~
1019 This directory is used as a mirror of
1020 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1023 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1029 , which means that every file in
1030 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1033 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1039 is a replacement for the corresponding file in
1040 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1043 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1050 Any configuration file described in the above sections can be placed either
1051 in the system-wide directory, in which case it will affect all users, or
1052 in your local directory for your own use.
1055 \begin_layout Standard
1056 To make things clearer, let's provide a few examples:
1059 \begin_layout Itemize
1060 The preferences set in the
1061 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1064 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1065 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1071 dialog are saved to a file
1072 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1075 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1082 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1085 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1094 \begin_layout Itemize
1095 When you reconfigure using
1096 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1099 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1100 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1107 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1110 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1116 script, and the resulting files are written in your local configuration
1118 This means that any additional text class file that you might have added
1120 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1123 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1129 will be added to the list of classes in the
1130 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1133 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1134 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1143 \begin_layout Itemize
1144 If you get some updated documentation from LyX ftp site and cannot install
1145 it because you do not have sysadmin rights on your system, you can just
1147 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1150 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1156 and the items in the
1157 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1160 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1166 menu will open them!
1169 \begin_layout Section
1170 Running LyX with multiple configurations
1173 \begin_layout Standard
1174 The configuration freedom of the local configuration directory may not suffice
1175 if you want to have more than one configuration at your disposal.
1176 For example, you may want to be use different key bindings or printer settings
1178 You can achieve this by having several such directories.
1179 You then specify which directory to use at run-time.
1182 \begin_layout Standard
1183 Invoking LyX with the command line switch
1184 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1187 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1197 instructs the program to read the configuration from that directory, and
1198 not from the default directory.
1199 (You can determine the default directory by running LyX without the
1200 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1203 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1209 switch.) If the specified directory does not exist, LyX offers to create
1210 it for you, just like it does for the default directory on the first time
1211 you run the program.
1212 You can modify the configuration options in this additional user directory
1213 exactly as you would for the default directory.
1214 These directories are completely independent (but read on).
1215 Note that setting the environment variable
1216 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1219 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1225 to some value has exactly the same effect.
1228 \begin_layout Standard
1229 Having several configurations also requires more maintenance: if you want
1230 to add a new layout to
1231 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1234 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1240 which you want available from all your configurations, you must add it
1241 to each directory separately.
1242 You can avoid this with the following trick: after LyX creates the additional
1243 directory, most of the subdirectories (see above) are empty.
1244 If you want the new configuration to mirror an existing one, replace the
1245 empty subdirectory with a symbolic link to the matching subdirectory in
1246 the existing configuration.
1248 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1251 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1257 subdirectory, however, since it contains a file written by the configuration
1258 script (also accessible through
1259 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1262 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1263 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1269 ) which is configuration-specific.
1272 \begin_layout Chapter
1273 The Preferences dialog
1276 \begin_layout Standard
1277 All options of the preferences dialog are described in the Appendix
1279 The Preferences Dialog
1286 For some options you might find here more details.
1289 \begin_layout Section
1291 \begin_inset CommandInset label
1300 \begin_layout Standard
1301 The first step is to define your file formats if they are not already defined.
1303 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1306 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1307 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1315 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1318 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1319 File Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1326 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1329 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1330 New\SpecialChar \ldots{}
1336 button to define your new format.
1338 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1341 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1347 field contains the name used to identify the format in the GUI.
1349 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1352 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1358 is used to identify the format internally.
1359 You will also need to enter a file extension.
1360 These are all required.
1362 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1365 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1371 field is used to provide a keyboard shortcut on the menus.
1372 (For example, pressing
1373 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1376 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1383 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1386 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1387 View\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1396 \begin_layout Standard
1398 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1401 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1408 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1411 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1418 For example, you might want to use
1419 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1422 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1428 to view PostScript files.
1429 You can enter the command needed to start the program in the corresponding
1431 In defining this command, you can use the four variables listed in the
1433 The viewer is launched when you view an image in LyX or use the
1434 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1437 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1444 The editor is for example launched when you right-click on an image and
1446 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1449 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1455 in the appearing context menu.
1458 \begin_layout Standard
1460 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1463 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1469 option tells LyX that a format is suitable for document export.
1470 If this is set and if a suitable conversion route exists (see sec.
1471 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
1475 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
1477 reference "sec:Converters"
1481 ), the format will appear in the
1482 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1485 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1486 File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1493 The format will also appear in the
1494 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1497 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1503 menu if a viewer is specified for the format.
1504 Pure image formats, such as
1505 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1508 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1514 , should not use this option.
1515 Formats that can both represent vector graphics and documents like
1516 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1519 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1528 \begin_layout Standard
1530 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1533 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1534 Vector graphics format
1539 tells LyX that a format can contain vector graphics.
1540 This information is used to determine the target format of included graphics
1542 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1545 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1552 Included graphics may need to be converted to either
1553 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1556 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1563 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1566 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1573 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1576 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1583 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1586 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1592 cannot handle other image formats.
1593 If an included graphic is not already in
1594 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1597 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1604 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1607 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1614 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1617 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1623 format, it is converted to
1624 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1627 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1633 if the vector format option is set, and otherwise to
1634 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1637 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1646 \begin_layout Section
1650 \begin_layout Standard
1651 Since all conversions from one format to another take place in LyX's temporary
1652 directory, it is sometimes necessary to modify a file before copying it
1653 to the temporary directory in order that the conversion may be performed.
1657 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1658 For example, the file may refer to other files—images, for example—using
1659 relative file names, and these may become invalid when the file is copied
1660 to the temporary directory.
1665 This is done by a Copier: It copies a file to (or from) the temporary directory
1666 and may modify it in the process.
1669 \begin_layout Standard
1670 The definitions of the copiers may use four variables:
1673 \begin_layout Labeling
1674 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
1675 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1678 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1684 The LyX system directory (e.
1685 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
1689 \begin_inset space \space{}
1693 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1696 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1705 \begin_layout Labeling
1706 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
1707 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1710 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1719 \begin_layout Labeling
1720 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
1721 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1724 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1733 \begin_layout Labeling
1734 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
1735 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1738 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1747 \begin_layout Standard
1748 The latter should be the filename as it would be used in a LaTeX's
1755 It is relevant only when exporting files suitable for such inclusion.
1758 \begin_layout Standard
1759 Copiers can be used to do almost anything with output files.
1760 For example, suppose you want generated pdf files to be copied to a special
1762 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1765 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1772 Then you could write a shell script such as this one:
1775 \begin_layout Standard
1776 \begin_inset listings
1780 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1785 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1790 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1792 TOFILE=`basename $2`
1795 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1797 cp $FROMFILE /home/you/pdf/$TOFILE
1802 Save it in your local LyX directory—say,
1803 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1806 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1807 /home/you/.lyx/scripts/pdfcopier.sh
1812 —and make it executable, if you need to do so on your platform.
1814 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1817 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1818 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1824 dialog, select under
1825 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1828 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1829 File Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1836 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1839 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1845 format—or one of the other pdf formats—and enter
1846 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
1849 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1850 pdfcopier.sh $$i $$o
1856 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1859 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1869 \begin_layout Standard
1870 Copiers are used by LyX in various of its own conversions.
1871 For example, if appropriate programs are found, LyX will automatically
1872 install copiers for the
1873 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1876 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1883 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1886 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1888 \begin_inset space ~
1897 When these formats are exported, the copier sees that not just the main
1898 HTML file but various associated files (style files, images, etc.) are also
1900 All these files are written to a subdirectory of the directory in which
1901 the original LyX file was found.
1905 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1906 This copier can be customized.
1908 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1912 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1915 argument takes a comma-separated list of extensions to be copied; if it
1916 is omitted, all files will be copied.
1918 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1922 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1925 argument determines the extension added to the generated directory.
1927 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1931 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1934 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1941 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1944 , so HTML generated from
1945 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1948 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1949 /path/to/filename.lyx
1955 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1958 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1959 /path/to/filename.html.LyXconv
1973 \begin_layout Section
1975 \begin_inset CommandInset label
1977 name "sec:Converters"
1984 \begin_layout Standard
1985 You can define your own Converters to convert files between different formats.
1987 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
1990 \begin_layout Plain Layout
1991 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1992 Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
1993 File Handling\SpecialChar \menuseparator
2002 \begin_layout Standard
2003 To define a new converter, select the
2004 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2007 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2009 \begin_inset space ~
2018 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2021 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2023 \begin_inset space ~
2031 from the drop-down lists, enter the command needed for the conversion,
2033 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2036 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2043 Several variables can be used in the definition of converters:
2046 \begin_layout Labeling
2047 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2048 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2051 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2057 The LyX system directory
2060 \begin_layout Labeling
2061 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2062 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2065 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2074 \begin_layout Labeling
2075 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2076 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2079 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2088 \begin_layout Labeling
2089 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2090 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2093 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2099 The base filename of the input file (i.
2100 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
2103 g., without the extension)
2106 \begin_layout Labeling
2107 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2108 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2111 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2117 The path to the input file
2120 \begin_layout Labeling
2121 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2122 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2125 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2131 The path to the original input file (this is different from $$p when a
2132 chain of converters is called).
2135 \begin_layout Standard
2137 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2140 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2142 \begin_inset space ~
2150 field you can enter the following flags, separated by commas:
2153 \begin_layout Labeling
2154 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2155 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2158 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2164 This converter runs some form of LaTeX.
2165 This will make LyX's LaTeX error logs available.
2168 \begin_layout Labeling
2169 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2170 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2173 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2180 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2183 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2189 file for the conversion.
2192 \begin_layout Labeling
2193 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2194 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2197 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2206 \begin_layout Standard
2207 The following three flags are not really flags at all because they take
2209 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2212 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2214 \begin_inset space ~
2218 \begin_inset space ~
2229 \begin_layout Labeling
2230 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2231 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2234 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2240 If set, the converter's standard error will be redirected to a file
2241 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2244 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2250 , and the script given as argument will be run as:
2251 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2254 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2255 script < infile.out > infile.log
2261 The argument may contain
2262 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2265 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2274 \begin_layout Labeling
2275 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2276 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2279 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2285 The name of the directory in which the converter will dump the generated
2287 LyX will not create this directory, and it does not copy anything into
2288 it, though it will copy this directory to the destination.
2289 The argument may contain
2290 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2293 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2299 , which will be replaced by the base name of the input and output files,
2300 respectively, when the directory is copied.
2301 \begin_inset Newline newline
2304 Note that resultdir and usetempdir make no sense together.
2305 The latter will be ignored if the former is given.
2308 \begin_layout Labeling
2309 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
2310 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2313 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2319 Determines the output file name and may, contain
2320 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2323 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2330 Sensible only with resultdir and optional even then; if not given, it defaults
2334 \begin_layout Standard
2335 None of these last three are presently used in any of the converters that
2336 are installed with LyX.
2340 \begin_layout Standard
2341 You do not have to define converters for all formats between which you want
2343 For example, you will note that there is no `LyX to PostScript' converter,
2344 but LyX will export PostScript.
2345 It does so by first creating a LaTeX file (no converter needs to be defined
2346 for this) which is then converted to DVI using the `LaTeX to DVI' converter,
2347 and finally converting the resulting DVI file to PostScript.
2348 LyX finds such `chains' of converters automatically, and it will always
2349 choose the shortest possible chain.
2350 You can, though, still define multiple conversion methods between file
2352 For example, the standard LyX configuration provides three ways to convert
2353 LaTeX to PDF: Directly, using
2354 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2357 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2363 ; via (DVI and) PostScript, using
2364 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2367 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2374 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2377 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2384 To define such alternate chains, you must define multiple target `file
2385 formats', as described in section
2386 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
2388 reference "sec:Formats"
2393 For example, in the standard configuration, the formats named
2394 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2397 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2404 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2407 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2414 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2417 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2423 are defined, all of which share the extension
2424 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2427 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2433 , and which correspond to the conversion methods just mentioned.
2436 \begin_layout Chapter
2437 Internationalizing LyX
2438 \begin_inset CommandInset label
2440 name "cha:Internationalizing-LyX"
2447 \begin_layout Standard
2448 LyX supports using a translated interface.
2449 Last time we checked, LyX provided text in thirty languages.
2450 The language of choice is called your
2455 (For further reading on locale settings, see also the documentation for
2456 locale that comes with your operating system.
2457 For Linux, the manual page for
2458 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2461 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2467 could be a good place to start).
2470 \begin_layout Standard
2471 Notice that these translations will work, but do contain a few flaws.
2472 In particular, all dialogs have been designed with the English text in
2473 mind, which means that some of the translated text will be too large to
2474 fit within the space allocated.
2475 This is only a display problem and will not cause any harm.
2476 Also, you will find that some of the translations do not define shortcut
2477 keys for everything.
2478 Sometimes, there are simply not enough free letters to do it.
2479 Other times, the translator just hasn't got around to doing it yet.
2480 Our localization team, which you may wish to join,
2484 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2485 If you are a fluent speaker of a language other than English, joining these
2486 teams is a great way to give back to the LyX community!
2491 will of course try to fix these shortcomings in future versions of LyX.
2494 \begin_layout Section
2498 \begin_layout Subsection
2499 Translating the graphical user interface (text messages).
2502 \begin_layout Standard
2504 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2507 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2513 library to handle the internationalization of the interface.
2514 To have LyX speak your favorite language in all menus and dialogs, you
2516 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2519 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2525 -file for that language.
2526 When this is available, you'll have to generate a
2527 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2530 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2536 -file from it and install the
2537 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2540 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2547 The process of doing all of this is explained in the documentation for
2549 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2552 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2559 It is possible to do this just for yourself, but if you're going to do
2560 it, you might as well share the results of your labors with the rest of
2562 Send a message to the LyX developers' list for more information about how
2566 \begin_layout Standard
2567 In short, this is what you should do (xx denotes the language code):
2570 \begin_layout Itemize
2571 Check out the LyX source code.
2573 \begin_inset CommandInset href
2575 name "information on the web"
2576 target "http://www.lyx.org/devel/cvs.php"
2583 \begin_layout Itemize
2585 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2588 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2594 to the folder of the
2595 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2598 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2606 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2609 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2617 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2620 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2626 doesn't exist anywhere, it can be remade with the console command
2627 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2630 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2636 in that directory, or you can use an existing po-file for some other language
2640 \begin_layout Itemize
2642 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2645 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2655 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2656 This is just a text file, so it can be edited in any text editor.
2657 But there are also specialized programs that support such editing, such
2662 (for all platforms) or
2671 contains a `mode' for editing
2672 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2675 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2686 For some menu- and widget-labels, there are also shortcut keys that should
2688 Those keys are marked after a `|', and should be translated according to
2689 the words and phrases of the language.
2690 You should also fill also out the information at the beginning of the new
2692 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2695 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2701 -file with your email-address, etc., so people know where to reach you with
2702 suggestions and entertaining flames.
2705 \begin_layout Standard
2706 If you are just doing this on your own, then:
2709 \begin_layout Itemize
2711 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2714 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2721 This can be done with
2722 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2725 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2726 msgfmt -o xx.mo < xx.po
2734 \begin_layout Itemize
2736 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2739 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2745 -file to your locale-tree, at the correct directory for application messages
2750 xx, and under the name
2751 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2754 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2761 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
2765 \begin_inset space \space{}
2769 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2772 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2773 /usr/local/share/locale/xx/LC_MESSAGES/lyx.mo
2783 \begin_layout Standard
2784 As said, however, it would be best if the new
2785 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2788 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2794 -file could be added to the LyX distribution, so others can use it.
2795 Adding it involves making additional changes to LyX.
2796 So send an email to the developers' mailing list if you're interested in
2800 \begin_layout Subsubsection
2804 \begin_layout Standard
2805 Sometimes it turns out that one English message needs to be translated into
2806 different messages in the target language.
2807 One example is the message
2808 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2811 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2817 which has the German translation
2825 , depending upon exactly what the English
2826 \begin_inset Quotes eld
2830 \begin_inset Quotes erd
2835 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2838 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2844 does not handle such ambiguous translations.
2845 Therefore you have to add some context information to the message: Instead
2847 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2850 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2857 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2860 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2861 To[[as in 'From format x to format y']]
2867 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2870 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2871 To[[as in 'From page x to page y']].
2876 Now the two occurrences of
2877 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2880 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2887 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2890 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2896 and can be translated correctly to
2907 \begin_layout Standard
2908 Of course the context information needs to be stripped off the original
2909 message when no translation is used.
2910 Therefore you have to put it in double square brackets at the end of the
2911 message (see the example above).
2912 The translation mechanism of LyX ensures that everything in double square
2913 brackets at the end of messages is removed before displaying the message.
2916 \begin_layout Subsection
2917 Translating the documentation.
2920 \begin_layout Standard
2921 The online documentation (in the
2922 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
2925 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2931 -menu) can (and should!) be translated.
2932 If there are translated versions of the documentation available
2936 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2937 As of March 2008, at least some of the documents have been translated into
2938 fourteen languages, with the Tutorial available in a few more.
2943 and the locale is set accordingly, these will be used automagically by
2945 LyX looks for translated versions as
2946 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2949 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2950 LyXDir/doc/xx/DocName.lyx
2956 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2959 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2965 is the code for the language currently in use.
2966 If there are no translated documents, the default English versions will
2968 Note that the translated versions must have the same filenames (
2969 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
2972 \begin_layout Plain Layout
2978 above) as the original.
2979 If you feel up to translating the documentation (an excellent way to proof-read
2980 the original documentation by the way!), there are a few things you should
2984 \begin_layout Itemize
2985 Check out the documentation translation web page at
2986 \begin_inset CommandInset href
2988 name "http://www.lyx.org/Translation"
2989 target "http://www.lyx.org/Translation"
2994 That way, you can find out which (if any) documents have already been translate
2995 d into your language.
2996 You can also find out who (if anyone) is organizing the effort to translate
2997 the documentation into your language.
2998 If no one is organizing the effort, please let us know that you're interested.
3001 \begin_layout Standard
3002 Once you get to actually translating, here's a few hints for you that may
3006 \begin_layout Itemize
3007 Join the documentation team! There is information on how to do that in
3008 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3011 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3018 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
3021 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3022 Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
3028 ), which by the way is the first document you should translate.
3031 \begin_layout Itemize
3032 Learn the typographic conventions for the language you are translating to.
3033 Typography is an ancient art and over the centuries, a great variety of
3034 conventions have developed throughout different parts of the world.
3035 Also study the professional terminology amongst typographers in your country.
3036 Inventing your own terminology will only confuse the users.
3039 (Warning! Typography is addictive!)
3042 \begin_layout Itemize
3043 Make a copy of the document.
3044 This will be your working copy.
3045 You can use this as your personal translated help-file by placing it in
3047 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3050 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3059 \begin_layout Itemize
3060 Sometimes the original document (from the LyX-team) will be updated.
3061 Use the source viewer at
3062 \begin_inset CommandInset href
3064 name "http://www.lyx.org/trac/timeline"
3065 target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/timeline"
3069 to see what has been changed.
3070 That way you can easily see which parts of the translated document need
3074 \begin_layout Standard
3075 If you ever find an error in the original document, fix it and notify the
3076 rest of the documentation team of the changes! (You didn't forget to join
3077 the documentation team, did you?)
3080 \begin_layout Standard
3081 \begin_inset Branch OutDated
3084 \begin_layout Section
3085 International Keyboard Support
3088 \begin_layout Standard
3091 [Editor's Note: The following section is by
3099 It needs to be fixed to conform to the new Documentation Style sheet and
3100 to make use of the new v1.0 features.
3101 The whole thing also needs to be merged with the section following it.-jw
3102 It may also be badly out of date.-rh (2008)]
3105 \begin_layout Subsection
3106 Defining Own Keymaps: Keymap File Format
3109 \begin_layout Standard
3110 Let's look at a keyboard definition file a little closer.
3111 It is a plain text file defining
3114 \begin_layout Itemize
3115 key-to-key or key-to-string translations
3118 \begin_layout Itemize
3122 \begin_layout Itemize
3123 dead keys exceptions
3126 \begin_layout Standard
3127 To define key-to-key or key-to-string translation, use this command:
3130 \begin_layout Quotation
3131 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3134 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3143 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3146 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3155 \begin_layout Standard
3157 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3160 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3166 is the key to be translated and
3167 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3170 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3176 is the string to be inserted into the document.
3177 To define dead keys, use:
3180 \begin_layout Quotation
3181 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3184 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3193 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3196 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3205 \begin_layout Standard
3207 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3210 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3216 is a keyboard key and
3217 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3220 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3227 The following dead keys are supported (shortcut name is in parentheses):
3230 \begin_layout Quotation
3234 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3240 \begin_layout Quotation
3242 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3248 \begin_layout Quotation
3250 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3256 \begin_layout Quotation
3258 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3264 \begin_layout Quotation
3266 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3272 \begin_layout Quotation
3274 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3281 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3293 \begin_layout Quotation
3295 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3301 \begin_layout Quotation
3303 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3310 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3322 \begin_layout Quotation
3324 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3330 \begin_layout Quotation
3332 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3338 \begin_layout Quotation
3340 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3347 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3359 \begin_layout Quotation
3361 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3368 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3380 \begin_layout Quotation
3382 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3388 \begin_layout Quotation
3389 hungarian umlaut (hug)
3390 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3396 \begin_layout Quotation
3398 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3404 \begin_layout Quotation
3406 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3413 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3425 \begin_layout Standard
3426 Since in many international keyboards there are exceptions to what some
3427 dead keys should do, you can define them using
3430 \begin_layout Quotation
3431 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3434 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3442 deadkey key outstring
3445 \begin_layout Standard
3446 For example, on Slovak keyboard, if you enter caron-o, it generates circumflex-o
3450 \begin_layout Quotation
3451 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3454 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3467 \begin_layout Standard
3468 to make it work correctly.
3469 Also, you have to define as exceptions dead keys over i and j, to remove
3470 the dot from them before inserting an accent mark.
3471 I will change this when the time comes, but so far I haven't had time.
3474 \begin_layout Standard
3475 Oh, and about characters: backslash is escaped, so to enter it, you'll need
3478 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3481 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3487 have different meaning.
3489 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3492 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3498 marks comments, quotes start and end LaTeX-style commands.
3499 To enter quote, you'll need to use
3500 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3503 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3512 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3515 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3522 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3525 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3536 \begin_layout Standard
3537 If you make a keyboard description file that works for your language, please
3538 mail it to me, so I can include it in the next keymap distribution.
3541 \begin_layout Standard
3542 More keywords will be supported in keymap configuration file in future,
3546 \begin_layout Itemize
3547 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3550 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3561 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3565 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3568 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3577 \begin_layout Itemize
3578 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3581 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3592 \begin_inset space \hfill{}
3596 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3599 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3605 an external keymap translation program
3608 \begin_layout Standard
3609 Also, it should look into
3610 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3613 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3619 file for defaults, too (for example, a
3620 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3623 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3631 option to include default keyboard).
3639 \begin_layout Section
3640 International Keymap Stuff
3641 \begin_inset CommandInset label
3643 name "sec:International-Keymap-Stuff"
3650 \begin_layout Standard
3651 \begin_inset Note Note
3654 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3655 In doing the revisions on this document in March 2008, I did not look over
3656 this stuff, as I do not understand it.
3657 It would be good if someone else could do so.
3666 \begin_layout Standard
3667 The next two sections describe the
3668 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3671 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3680 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3683 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3691 file syntax in detail.
3692 These sections should help you design your own key map if the ones provided
3693 do not meet your needs.
3696 \begin_layout Subsection
3700 \begin_layout Standard
3704 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3707 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3713 file maps keystrokes to characters or strings.
3714 As the name suggests, it sets a keyboard mapping.
3716 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3719 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3730 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3733 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3748 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3751 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3764 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3767 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3776 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3779 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3787 are described in this section.
3790 \begin_layout Labeling
3791 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
3792 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3795 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3803 Map a character to a string
3806 \begin_layout LyX-Code
3821 \begin_layout Standard
3854 the double-quote (")
3871 must be escaped with a preceding backslash (
3882 \begin_layout Standard
3884 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
3887 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3895 statement to cause the symbol
3896 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
3899 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3907 to be output for the keystroke
3908 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
3911 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3922 \begin_layout LyX-Code
3928 \begin_layout Labeling
3929 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
3930 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
3933 \begin_layout Plain Layout
3941 Specify an accent character
3944 \begin_layout LyX-Code
3953 \begin_layout Standard
3954 This will make the cha
3992 This is the dead key
3996 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4003 refers to a key that does not produce a character by itself, but when followed
4004 with another key, produces the desired accent character.
4005 For example, a German characte
4007 r with an umlaut like
4017 can be produced in this manner.
4026 \begin_layout Standard
4039 and then another key not in
4056 followed by the other, not allowed key, as output.
4060 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4063 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4071 cancels a dead key, so if
4082 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4085 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4094 , the cursor will not go one position backwards but will instead cancel
4110 might have had on the next keystroke.
4114 \begin_layout Standard
4115 The following example specifies that the character ' is to be an acute accent,
4116 allowed on the characters a, e, i, o, u, A, E, I, O, and U:
4119 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4122 kmod ' acute aeiouAEIOU
4125 \begin_layout Labeling
4126 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
4127 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4130 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4136 Specify an exception to the accent character
4139 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4148 \begin_layout Standard
4149 This defines an exce
4190 have been assigned a keystroke with a previous
4193 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4196 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4220 must not belong in the
4267 If such a declaration does not exist in
4275 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4278 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4312 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4315 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4329 \begin_layout Standard
4330 The following command produces causes äi to be produced when you enter acute-i
4334 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4348 \begin_layout Labeling
4349 \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
4350 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4353 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4359 Combine two accent characters
4362 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4368 accent1 accent2 allowed
4371 \begin_layout Standard
4372 This one is getting pretty esoteric.
4373 It allows you to combine the effect
4429 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4432 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4460 \begin_layout Standard
4461 Consider this example from the
4462 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4465 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4476 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4479 kmod ; acute aeioyvhAEIOYVH
4483 kcomb acute umlaut iyIY
4486 \begin_layout Standard
4487 This allows you to press
4488 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4491 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4499 and get the effect of
4500 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4503 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4522 in this case cancels the last dead key, so if you press
4523 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4526 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4535 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4538 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4551 \begin_layout Subsection
4555 \begin_layout Standard
4557 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4560 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4568 mapping is performed, a
4569 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4572 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4582 file maps the strings that the symbols generate to characters in the current
4584 The LyX distribution currently includes at least the
4585 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4588 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4597 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4600 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4611 \begin_layout Standard
4613 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4616 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4624 file is a sequence of declarations of the form
4627 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4640 \begin_layout Standard
4641 For example, in order to map
4642 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4645 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4655 to the corresponding character in the iso-8859-1 set (233), the following
4659 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4667 \begin_layout Standard
4669 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4672 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4681 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4684 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4702 the same character can apply to more than one string.
4704 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4707 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4718 \begin_layout LyX-Code
4730 \begin_inset Newline newline
4746 \begin_layout Standard
4747 If LyX cannot find a mapping for the string produced by the keystroke or
4748 a deadkey sequence, it will check if it looks like an accented char and
4749 try to draw an accent over the character on screen.
4752 \begin_layout Subsection
4756 \begin_layout Standard
4757 There is a second way to add support for international characters through
4758 so-called dead-keys.
4759 A dead-key works in combination with a letter to produce an accented character.
4760 Here, we'll explain how to create a really simple dead-key to illustrate
4764 \begin_layout Standard
4765 Suppose you happen to need the circumflex character,
4766 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4770 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4775 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4778 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4785 \begin_inset space ~
4789 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4792 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4798 ] to the LyX command
4799 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4802 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4809 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
4812 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4819 Now, whenever you type the
4820 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4823 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4829 -key followed by a letter, that letter will have a circumflex accent on
4831 For example, the sequence
4832 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4836 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4839 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4846 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4849 produces the letter:
4850 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4854 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4858 If you tried to type
4859 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4863 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4866 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4873 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4876 , however, LyX will complain with a beep, since a
4877 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4881 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4884 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4891 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4894 never takes a circumflex accent.
4896 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4899 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4905 after a dead-key produces the bare-accent.
4906 Please note this last point! If you bind a key to a dead-key, you'll need
4907 to rebind the character on that key to yet another key.
4909 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4912 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4918 to a cedilla is a bad idea, since you'll only get cedillas instead of commas.
4921 \begin_layout Standard
4922 One common way to bind dead-keys is to use
4923 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4926 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4933 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4936 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4943 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4946 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4952 in combination with an accent, like
4953 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4957 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4960 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4967 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4971 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4975 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4978 \begin_layout Plain Layout
4985 \begin_inset Quotes erd
4989 \begin_inset Quotes eld
4993 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
4996 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5003 \begin_inset Quotes erd
5007 Another way involves using
5008 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5011 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5018 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5021 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5027 to set up the special
5028 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5031 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5039 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5042 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5048 acts in some ways just like
5049 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5052 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5058 and permits you to bind keys to accented characters.
5059 You can also turn keys into dead-keys by binding them to something like
5061 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5064 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5070 and then binding this symbolic key to the corresponding LyX command.
5074 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5079 : This is exactly what I do in my
5080 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5083 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5090 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5093 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5101 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5104 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5106 \begin_inset space ~
5115 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5118 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5124 and a bunch of these
5125 \begin_inset Quotes eld
5129 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5132 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5139 \begin_inset Quotes erd
5142 symbolic keys bound such things as
5143 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5146 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5148 \begin_inset space ~
5157 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5160 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5162 \begin_inset space ~
5171 This is how I produce my accented characters.
5176 You can make just about anything into the
5177 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5180 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5187 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5190 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5196 keys, a spare function key, etc.
5197 As for the LyX commands that produce accents, check the entry for
5198 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5201 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5212 You'll find the complete list there.
5215 \begin_layout Subsection
5216 Saving your Language Configuration
5219 \begin_layout Standard
5220 You can edit your preferences so that your desired language environment
5221 is automatically configured when LyX starts up, via the
5222 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5225 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5226 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
5235 \begin_layout Chapter
5236 Installing New Document Classes, Layouts, and Templates
5237 \begin_inset CommandInset label
5239 name "cha:Installing-New-Document"
5247 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5248 Installing New Document Classes
5256 \begin_layout Standard
5257 In this chapter, we describe the procedures for creating and installing
5258 new LyX layout and template files, as well as offer a refresher on correctly
5259 installing new LaTeX document classes.
5263 \begin_layout Standard
5264 First, let us a say a few words about how one ought to think about the relation
5265 between LyX and LaTeX.
5266 The thing to understand is that, in a certain sense, LyX doesn't know anything
5268 Indeed, from LyX's point of view, LaTeX is just one of several
5269 \begin_inset Quotes eld
5273 \begin_inset Quotes erd
5276 in which it is capable of producing output.
5277 Other such formats are DocBook, plaintext, and XHTML.
5278 LaTeX is, of course, a particularly important format, but very little of
5279 the information LyX has about LaTeX is actually contained in the program
5284 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5285 Some commands are sufficiently complex that they are
5286 \begin_inset Quotes eld
5290 \begin_inset Quotes erd
5294 But the developers generally regard this as a Bad Thing.
5299 Rather, that information, even for the standard classes like
5300 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5303 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5309 , is contained in `layout files'.
5310 Similarly, LyX itself does not know much about DocBook or XHTML.
5311 What it knows is contained in layout files.
5314 \begin_layout Standard
5315 You can think of the layout file for a given document class as a translation
5316 manual between LyX constructs---paragraphs with their corresponding styles,
5317 certain sorts of insets, etc---and the corresponding LaTeX, DocBook, or
5319 Almost everything LyX knows about
5320 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5323 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5329 , for example, is contained in the file
5330 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5333 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5339 and in various other files it includes.
5340 For this reason, anyone intending to write layout files should plan to
5341 study the existing files.
5342 A good place to start is with
5343 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5346 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5352 , which is included in
5353 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5356 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5363 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5366 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5372 , and many of the other layout files for document classes.
5373 This file is where sections and the like are defined:
5374 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5377 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5383 tells LyX how paragraphs that are marked with the Section, Subsection,
5384 etc, styles can be translated into corresponding LaTeX, DocBook, and XHTML
5387 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5390 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5396 file basically just includes several of these
5397 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5400 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5409 \begin_layout Standard
5410 Defining the LyX--LaTeX correspondence is not the only thing layout files
5412 Their other job is to define how the LyX constructs themselves will appear
5414 The fact that layout files have these two jobs is often a source of confusion,
5415 because they are completely separate.
5416 Telling LyX how to translate a certain paragraph style into LaTeX does
5417 not tell LyX how to display it; conversely, telling LyX how to display
5418 a certain paragraph style does not tell LyX how to translate it into LaTeX
5419 (let alone tell LaTeX how to display it).
5420 So, in general, when you define a new LyX construct, you must always do
5421 two quite separate things: (i)
5422 \begin_inset space ~
5425 tell LyX how to translate it into LaTeX and (ii)
5426 \begin_inset space ~
5429 tell LyX how to display it.
5432 \begin_layout Standard
5433 Much the same is true, of course, as regards LyX's other backend formats,
5434 though XHTML is in some ways different, because in that case LyX
5438 able, to some extent, to use information about how it should display a
5439 paragraph on the screen to output information (in the form of CSS) about
5440 how the paragraph should be displayed in a browser.
5441 Even in this case, however, the distinction between what LyX does internally
5442 and how things are rendered externally remains in force, and the two can
5443 be controlled separately.
5445 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
5446 LatexCommand prettyref
5447 reference "sec:Tags-for-XHTML"
5454 \begin_layout Section
5455 Installing new LaTeX files
5458 \begin_layout Standard
5459 Some installations may not include a LaTeX package or class file that you
5460 would like to use within LyX.
5461 For example, you might need FoilTeX, a package for preparing slides for
5462 overhead projectors.
5463 Modern LaTeX distributions like TeXLive (2008 or newer) or MiKTeX provide
5464 a user interface for installing such packages.
5465 For example, with MiKTeX, you start the program
5466 \begin_inset Quotes eld
5470 \begin_inset Quotes erd
5473 to get a list of available packages.
5474 To install one, right click on it or use the toolbar button to install
5479 \begin_layout Standard
5480 If your LaTeX distribution doesn't provide such a `package manager', or
5481 if the file is not available from your distribution, then you can follow
5482 these steps to install it manually.
5485 \begin_layout Enumerate
5486 Get the package from
5487 \begin_inset CommandInset href
5490 target "http://www.ctan.org/"
5497 \begin_layout Enumerate
5498 You can install the package in several different places.
5499 If you want it to be available for all users on your system, then you should
5500 install it in your `local' TeX tree; if you want (or need) it to be available
5501 just for you, then you can install it in your own `user' TeX tree.
5502 Where these trees should be created, if they do not already exist, depends
5503 upon the details of your system.
5504 To find out where they are, look in the file
5505 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5508 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5518 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5519 This usually lives in the directory
5520 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5523 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5529 , though you can run
5530 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5533 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5544 The location of the `local' TeX tree is defined by the
5545 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5548 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5554 variable; this is usually somewhere like
5555 \begin_inset Flex URL
5558 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5560 /usr/local/share/texmf/
5566 The location of the `user' TeX tree is defined by
5567 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5570 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5577 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5580 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5587 (If these variables are not predefined, you can define them.) You'll probably
5588 need root permissions to create or modify the `local' tree, but your `user'
5589 tree shouldn't have such limitations.
5592 \begin_layout Enumerate
5594 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5597 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5604 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5607 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5614 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5617 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5624 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
5628 \begin_inset Newline newline
5632 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5635 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5636 TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,!!$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN}
5642 \begin_inset Newline newline
5648 \begin_layout Enumerate
5649 Your local and user trees
5653 have the same sort of directory structure as your main existing
5654 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5657 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5663 directory, which will be found at
5664 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5667 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5674 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5677 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5683 .) For example, latex packages should go under
5684 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5687 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5688 $TEXMFLOCAL/tex/latex/
5694 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5697 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5698 $TEXMFHOME/tex/latex/
5704 If you do not put them here, they probably will not work.
5707 \begin_layout Enumerate
5708 Once your tree is properly set up, you can install the package into an appropria
5710 If you are lucky, your package will have been provided as a so-called `TDS'
5711 (TeX Directory Structure) zip file.
5712 To install it, you want to unzip it from the top of your tree.
5713 So, for example, you can copy the file
5714 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5717 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5724 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5727 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5728 /home/yourname/texmf/
5733 and then, from inside that directory, just run:
5734 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5737 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5744 This will extract the needed files and copy them where they need to be.
5745 \begin_inset Newline newline
5748 If you do not have a TDS file, then you have to do this manually.
5749 For example, you might install the FoilTeX files into
5750 \begin_inset Flex URL
5753 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5755 $TEXMFLOCAL/tex/latex/contrib/foiltex
5761 Why there? The CTAN download directories are themselves organized much
5762 like a TeX tree, and it isn't a bad idea to follow its structure when you
5763 install your own files.
5764 FoilTeX, as it happens, is found at
5765 \begin_inset Flex URL
5768 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5770 http://ctan.org/texarchive/macros/latex/contrib/foiltex/
5779 \begin_layout Enumerate
5780 Finally, you must update the database TeX uses to find files.
5781 On MiKTeX, this is done by pressing the button
5784 \begin_inset space ~
5789 that you find in MiKTeX's
5790 \begin_inset Quotes eld
5794 \begin_inset Quotes erd
5799 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5802 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5803 $TEXMFLOCAL/tex/latex/
5809 Under TeXLive and the like, you should run
5810 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5813 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5819 from a terminal, with root permissions if necessary.
5823 \begin_layout Standard
5824 Your package is now installed and available to LaTeX.
5825 You can verify this from a terminal by typing `
5826 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5829 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5830 kpsewhich yourfile.ext
5836 To make LyX aware of it, however, you will need to reconfigure (
5837 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5840 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5841 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
5847 ) and then restart LyX.
5848 If the new package was a document class, such as FoilTeX again, you will
5849 now see it available under
5850 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5853 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5854 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
5855 Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator
5862 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
5865 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5874 \begin_layout Standard
5875 What if there isn't a layout file is available for your new document class?
5876 Then, unfortunately, LyX will know nothing about it until you create a
5877 layout file yourself (or get someone else to do it).
5878 That is the topic of the next section.
5881 \begin_layout Section
5882 Types of layout files
5885 \begin_layout Standard
5886 This section describes the various sorts of LyX files that contain layout
5888 These files describe various paragraph and character styles, determining
5889 how LyX should display them and how they should be translated into LaTeX,
5890 DocBook, XHTML, or whatever output format is being used.
5894 \begin_layout Standard
5895 We shall try to provide a thorough description of the process of writing
5897 However, there are so many different types of documents supported even
5898 by just LaTeX that we can't hope to cover every different possibility or
5899 problem you might encounter.
5900 The LyX users' list is frequented by people with lots of experience with
5901 layout design who are willing to share what they've learned, so please
5902 feel free to ask questions there.
5905 \begin_layout Standard
5906 As you prepare to write a new layout, it is extremely helpful to look at
5907 the layouts distributed with LyX.
5908 If you write a LyX layout for a LaTeX document class that might also be
5909 used by others, or write a module that might be useful to others, then
5910 you should consider posting your layout to the
5911 \begin_inset CommandInset href
5913 name "layout section on the LyX wiki"
5914 target "http://wiki.lyx.org/Layouts/Layouts"
5918 or even to the LyX developers' list, so that it might be included in LyX
5923 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5924 Note that LyX is licensed under the General Public License, so any material
5925 that is contribued to LyX must be similarly licensed.
5933 \begin_layout Subsection
5935 \begin_inset CommandInset label
5937 name "sub:Layout-modules"
5944 \begin_layout Standard
5945 We have spoken to this point about `layout files'.
5946 But there are different sorts of files that contain layout information.
5947 Layout files, strictly so called, have the
5948 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5951 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5957 extension and provide LyX with information about document classes.
5958 As of LyX 1.6, however, layout information can also be contained in layout
5964 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5967 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5974 Modules are to LaTeX packages much as layouts are to LaTeX classes, and
5975 some modules—such as the
5976 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5979 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5985 module—specifcally provide support for one package.
5986 In a sense, layout modules are similar to included
5990 \begin_layout Plain Layout
5991 These can have any extension, but by convention have the
5992 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
5995 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6007 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6010 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6016 —in that modules are not specific to a given document class but may be used
6017 with many different classes.
6018 The difference is that using an included file with
6019 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6022 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6028 requires editing that file.
6029 Modules, by contrast, are selected in the
6030 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6033 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6034 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6043 \begin_layout Standard
6044 Building modules is the easiest way to get started with layout editing,
6045 since it can be as simple as adding a single new paragraph style or flex
6047 But modules may, in principle, contain anything a layout file can contain.
6050 \begin_layout Standard
6051 After creating a new module and copying it to the
6052 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6055 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6061 folder, you will need to reconfigure and then restart LyX for the module
6062 to appear in the menu.
6063 However, changes you make to the module will be seen immediately, if you
6065 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6068 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6069 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6075 , highlight something, and then hit
6076 \begin_inset Quotes eld
6080 \begin_inset Quotes erd
6086 It is strongly recommended that you save your work before doing this
6091 it is strongly recommended that you not attempt to edit modules while simultaneo
6092 usly working on actual documents
6095 Though of course the developers strive to keep LyX stable in such situations,
6096 syntax errors and the like in your module file could cause strange behavior.
6099 \begin_layout Subsection
6101 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6104 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6113 \begin_layout Standard
6114 There are two situations you are likely to encounter when wanting to support
6115 a new LaTeX document class, involving LaTeX2e class (
6116 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6119 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6126 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6129 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6136 Supporting a style file is usually fairly easy.
6137 Supporting a new class file is a bit harder.
6138 We'll discuss the former in this section and the latter in the next.
6139 Similar remarks apply, of course, if you want to support a new DocBook
6143 \begin_layout Standard
6144 The easier case is the one in which your new document class is provided
6145 as a style file that is to be used in conjunction with an already supported
6147 For the sake of the example, we'll assume that the style file is called
6149 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6152 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6158 and that it is meant to be used with
6159 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6162 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6168 , which is a standard class.
6172 \begin_layout Standard
6173 Start by copying the existing class's layout file into your local directory:
6177 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6178 Of course, which directory is your local directory will vary by platform,
6179 and LyX allows you to specify your local directory on startup, too, using
6181 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6184 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6198 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6199 cp report.layout ~/.lyx/layouts/myclass.layout
6202 \begin_layout Standard
6204 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6207 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6213 and change the line:
6216 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6219 DeclareLaTeXClass{report}
6222 \begin_layout Standard
6226 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6229 DeclareLaTeXClass[report, myclass.sty]{report (myclass)}
6232 \begin_layout Standard
6236 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6238 \begin_inset Newline newline
6244 \begin_inset Newline newline
6250 \begin_layout Standard
6251 near the top of the file.
6254 \begin_layout Standard
6255 Start LyX and select
6256 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6259 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6260 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6267 Then restart LyX and try creating a new document.
6269 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6272 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6278 " as a document class option in the
6279 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6282 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6283 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6290 It is likely that some of the sectioning commands and such in your new
6291 class will work differently from how they worked in the base class—
6292 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6295 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6301 in this example—so you can fiddle around with the settings for the different
6302 sections if you wish.
6303 The layout information for sections is contained in
6304 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6307 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6313 , but you do not need to copy and change this file.
6314 Instead, you can simply add your changes to your layout file, after the
6316 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6319 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6325 , which itself includes
6326 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6329 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6336 For example, you might add these lines:
6339 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6343 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6347 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6351 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6355 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6359 \begin_layout Standard
6360 to change the font for chapter headings to sans-serif.
6361 This will override (or, in this case, add to) the existing declaration
6362 for the Chapter style.
6366 \begin_layout Standard
6367 Your new package may also provide commands or environments not present in
6369 In this case, you will want to add these to the layout file.
6371 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
6373 reference "sec:TextClass"
6377 for information on how to do so.
6380 \begin_layout Standard
6382 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6385 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6391 can be used with several different document classes, and even if it cannot,
6392 you might find it easiest just to write a module that you can load with
6394 The simplest possible such module would be:
6397 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6400 DeclareLyXModule{My Package}
6403 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6407 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6408 #Support for mypkg.sty.
6411 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6413 \begin_inset Newline newline
6419 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6421 \begin_inset Newline newline
6427 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6429 \begin_inset Newline newline
6435 \begin_inset Newline newline
6441 \begin_layout Standard
6442 A more complex module might modify the behavior of some existing constructs
6443 or define some new ones.
6445 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
6447 reference "sec:TextClass"
6454 \begin_layout Subsection
6456 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6459 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6468 \begin_layout Standard
6469 There are two possibilities here.
6470 One is that the class file is itself based upon an existing document class.
6471 For example, many thesis classes are based upon
6472 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6475 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6482 To see whether yours is, look for a line like
6485 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6491 \begin_layout Standard
6493 If so, then you may proceed largely as in the previous section, though
6495 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6498 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6504 line will be different.
6505 If your new class is
6506 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6509 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6515 and it is based upon
6516 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6519 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6525 , then the line should read:
6529 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6530 And it will be easiest if you save the file to
6531 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6534 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6540 : LyX assumes that the document class has the same name as the layout file.
6549 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6552 DeclareLaTeXClass[thesis,book]{thesis}
6555 \begin_layout Standard
6556 If, on the other hand, the new class is not based upon an existing class,
6557 you will probably have to
6558 \begin_inset Quotes eld
6562 \begin_inset Quotes erd
6566 We strongly suggest copying an existing layout file which uses a similar
6567 LaTeX class and then modifying it, if you can do so.
6568 At least use an existing file as a starting point so you can find out what
6569 items you need to worry about.
6570 Again, the specifics are covered below.
6573 \begin_layout Subsection
6575 \begin_inset CommandInset label
6577 name "sub:Creating-Templates"
6584 \begin_layout Standard
6585 Once you have written a layout file for a new document class, you might
6586 want to consider writing a
6591 A template acts as a kind of tutorial for your layout, showing how it might
6592 be used, though containing dummy content.
6593 You can of course look at the various templates included with LyX for ideas.
6596 \begin_layout Standard
6597 Templates are created just like usual documents: using LyX.
6598 The only difference is that usual documents contain all possible settings,
6599 including the font scheme and the paper size.
6600 Usually a user doesn't want a template to overwrite his preferred settings
6601 for such parameters.
6602 For that reason, the designer of a template should remove the corresponding
6604 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6607 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6616 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6619 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6627 from the template LyX file.
6628 This can be done with any simple text-editor, for example
6629 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6632 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6639 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6642 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6652 \begin_layout Standard
6653 Put the edited template files you create in
6654 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6657 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6663 , copy the ones you use from the global template directory in
6664 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6667 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6673 to the same place, and redefine the template path in the
6674 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6677 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6678 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6679 Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6688 \begin_layout Standard
6689 Note, by the way, that there is a template which has a particular meaning:
6691 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6694 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6701 This template is loaded every time you create a new document with
6702 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6705 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6706 File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
6712 in order to provide useful defaults.
6713 To create this template from inside LyX, all you have to do is to open
6714 a document with the correct settings, and use the
6715 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6718 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6719 Save as Document Defaults
6727 \begin_layout Subsection
6728 Upgrading old layout files
6731 \begin_layout Standard
6732 The format of layout files changes with each LyX release, so old layout
6733 files need to be converted to the new format.
6734 This process has been automated since LyX 1.4: If LyX reads a layout file
6735 in an older format, it automatically calls the script
6736 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6739 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6745 to convert it to a temporary file in current format.
6746 The original file is left untouched.
6747 If you use the layout file often, then, you may want to convert it permanently,
6748 so that LyX does not have to do so itself every time.
6749 To do this, you can call the converter manually:
6752 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6753 mv myclass.layout myclass.old
6756 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6757 python LyXDir/scripts/layout2layout.py myclass.old myclass.layout
6760 \begin_layout Standard
6762 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6765 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6771 with the name of your LyX system directory, of course.
6774 \begin_layout Standard
6775 Note that manual conversion does not affect included files, so these will
6776 have to be converted separately.
6779 \begin_layout Section
6780 \begin_inset CommandInset label
6782 name "sec:TextClass"
6786 The layout file format
6789 \begin_layout Standard
6790 When it's finally time to get your hands dirty and create or edit your own
6791 layout file, the following sections describe what you're up against.
6792 Our advice is to go slowly, save and test often, listen to soothing music,
6793 and enjoy one or two of your favorite adult beverages; more if you are
6794 getting particularly stuck.
6795 It's really not that hard, except that the multitude of options can become
6796 overwhelming if you try to do too much in one sitting.
6797 Go have another adult beverage, just for good measure.
6800 \begin_layout Standard
6801 Note that all the tags used in layout files are case-insensitive.
6803 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6806 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6813 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6816 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6823 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6826 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6832 are really the same tag.
6833 The possible values are printed in brackets after the feature's name.
6834 The default value if a feature isn't specified inside a text class-description
6836 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6839 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6848 If the argument has a data type like
6849 \begin_inset Quotes eld
6853 \begin_inset Quotes erd
6857 \begin_inset Quotes eld
6861 \begin_inset Quotes erd
6864 , the default is shown like this:
6865 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6868 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6879 \begin_layout Subsection
6880 The Document Class Declaration
6883 \begin_layout Standard
6884 Lines in a layout file which begin with
6885 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6888 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6895 There is one exception to this rule.
6897 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6900 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6906 files should begin with a line like:
6909 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6912 #% Do not delete the line below; configure depends on this
6915 \begin_layout LyX-Code
6920 DeclareLaTeXClass{article}
6923 \begin_layout Standard
6924 The second line is used when you (re)configure LyX.
6925 The layout file is read by the LaTeX script
6926 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6929 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6935 , in a special mode where
6936 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6939 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6946 The first line is just a LaTeX comment, and the second one contains the
6947 declaration of the text class.
6948 If these lines appear in a file named
6949 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6952 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6958 , then they define a text class of name
6959 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6962 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6968 (the name of the layout file) which uses the LaTeX document class
6969 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
6972 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6978 (the default is to use the same name as the layout).
6980 \begin_inset Quotes eld
6984 \begin_inset Quotes erd
6987 that appears above is used as a description of the text class in the
6988 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
6991 \begin_layout Plain Layout
6992 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
7001 \begin_layout Standard
7002 Let's assume that you wrote your own text class that uses the
7003 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7006 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7012 document class, but where you changed the appearance of the section headings.
7013 If you put it in a file
7014 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7017 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7023 , the header of this file should be:
7026 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7029 #% Do not delete the line below; configure depends on this
7032 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7037 DeclareLaTeXClass[article]{article (with my own headings)}
7040 \begin_layout Standard
7041 This declares a text class
7042 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7045 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7051 , associated with the LaTeX document class
7052 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7055 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7062 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7065 article (with my own headings)
7066 \begin_inset Quotes erd
7070 If your text class depends on several packages, you can declare it as:
7073 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7076 #% Do not delete the line below; configure depends on this
7079 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7084 DeclareLaTeXClass[article,foo.sty]{article (with my own headings)}
7087 \begin_layout Standard
7088 This indicates that your text class uses the
7089 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7092 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7099 Finally, it is also possible to declare classes for DocBook code.
7100 Typical declarations will look like:
7103 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7106 #% Do not delete the line below; configure depends on this
7109 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7114 DeclareDocBookClass[article]{SGML (DocBook article)}
7117 \begin_layout Standard
7118 Note that these declarations can also be given an optional parameter declaring
7119 the name of the document class (but not a list).
7122 \begin_layout Standard
7123 So, to be as explicit as possible, the form of the layout declaration is:
7126 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7131 DeclareLaTeXClass[class,package.sty]{layout description}
7134 \begin_layout Standard
7135 The class need only be specified if the name of the LaTeX class file and
7136 the name of the layout file are different; if the name of the class file
7137 is not specified, then LyX will simply assume that it is the same as the
7138 name of the layout file.
7141 \begin_layout Standard
7142 When the text class has been modified to your taste, all you have to do
7143 is to copy it either to
7144 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7147 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7154 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7157 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7164 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7167 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7168 Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
7174 , exit LyX and restart.
7175 Then your new text class should be available along with the others.
7178 \begin_layout Standard
7179 Once the layout file is installed, you can edit it and see your changes
7180 without having to reconfigure or to restart LyX.
7185 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7186 In versions of LyX prior to 1.6, this was not true.
7187 As a result, editing layout files was very time consuming, since you had
7188 constantly to restart LyX to see changes.
7193 You can force a reload of the current layout by using the LyX function
7195 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7198 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7205 There is no default binding for this function—though, of course, you can
7206 bind it to a key yourself.
7207 But you will normally use this function simply by entering it in the mini-buffe
7212 \begin_layout Standard
7218 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7221 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7227 is very much an `advanced feature'.
7232 recommended that you save your work before using this function.
7237 recommended that you not attempt to edit layout information while simultaneousl
7238 y working on a document that you care about.
7239 Use a test document.
7240 Syntax errors and the like in your layout file could cause peculiar behavior.
7241 In particular, such errors could cause LyX to regard the current layout
7242 as invalid and to attempt to switch to some other layout.
7246 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7247 Really bad syntax errors may even caused LyX to exit.
7248 This is because certain sorts of errors may make LyX unable to read
7258 The LyX team strives to keep LyX stable in such situations, but safe is
7263 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7264 While we're giving advice: make regular backups.
7265 And be nice to your mother.
7273 \begin_layout Subsection
7274 The Module Declaration
7277 \begin_layout Standard
7278 A module must begin with a line like the following:
7281 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7284 DeclareLyXModule[endnotes.sty]{Endnotes}
7287 \begin_layout Standard
7288 The mandatory argument, in curly brackets, is the name of the module, as
7290 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7293 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7294 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
7301 The argument in square brackets is optional: It declares any LaTeX packages
7302 on which the module depends.
7303 Please note that only packages about which LyX knows should be listed in
7304 the square brackets.
7308 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7309 The list of such packages is documented only in the source code.
7314 LyX will not check for arbitrary packages.
7315 It is also possible to use the form
7316 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7319 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7325 as an optional argument, which declares that the module can only be used
7326 when there exists a conversion chain between the formats `
7327 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7330 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7337 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7340 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7349 \begin_layout Standard
7350 The module declaration should then be followed by lines like the following:
7353 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7357 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7358 #Adds an endnote command, in addition to footnotes.
7362 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7363 #You will need to add
7365 theendnotes in TeX code where you
7368 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7369 #want the endnotes to appear.
7373 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7377 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7378 #Requires: somemodule | othermodule
7381 \begin_layout LyX-Code
7382 #Excludes: badmodule
7385 \begin_layout Standard
7386 The description is used in
7387 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7390 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7391 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
7397 to provide the user with information about what the module does.
7399 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7402 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7408 line is used to identify other modules with which this one must be used;
7410 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7413 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7419 line is used to identify modules with which this one may not be used.
7420 Both are optional, and, as shown, multiple modules should be separated
7421 with the pipe symbol: |.
7422 Note that the required modules are treated disjunctively:
7426 of the required modules must be used.
7431 excluded module may be used.
7432 Note that modules are identified here by their
7437 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7440 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7448 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7451 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7458 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7461 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7470 \begin_layout Subsection
7474 \begin_layout Standard
7475 The first non-comment line of any layout file, included file, or module
7480 contain the file format number:
7483 \begin_layout Description
7484 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7487 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7494 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7497 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7503 ] The format of the layout file.
7506 \begin_layout Standard
7507 This tag was introduced with LyX 1.4.0.
7508 Layout files from LyX 1.3.x and earlier don't have an explicit file format
7509 and are considered to be of format 1.
7510 The format for the present version of LyX is format 21.
7511 But each version of LyX is capable of reading earlier versions' layout
7512 files, just as they are capable of reading files produced by earlier versions
7514 There is, however, no provision for converting to earlier formats.
7515 So LyX 1.6.x will not read layout files in format 21 but only files in format
7519 \begin_layout Subsection
7520 \begin_inset CommandInset label
7522 name "sub:General-text-class"
7526 General text class parameters
7529 \begin_layout Standard
7530 These are general parameters that govern the behavior of an entire document
7536 mean that they must appear in
7537 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7540 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7546 files rather than in modules.
7547 A module can contain any layout tag.)
7550 \begin_layout Description
7551 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7554 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7560 Adds information that will be output in the
7561 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7564 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7570 block when this document class is output to XHTML.
7571 Typically, this would be used to output CSS style information, but it can
7572 be used for anything that can appear in
7573 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7576 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7584 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7588 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7591 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7598 \begin_inset Quotes erd
7604 \begin_layout Description
7605 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7608 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7614 Adds information to the document preamble.
7616 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7620 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7623 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7630 \begin_inset Quotes erd
7636 \begin_layout Description
7637 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7640 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7646 Describes various global options supported by the document class.
7648 \begin_inset space ~
7652 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
7654 reference "sub:ClassOptions"
7660 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7664 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7667 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7674 \begin_inset Quotes erd
7680 \begin_layout Description
7681 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7684 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7691 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7694 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7703 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7706 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7712 ] Whether the class should
7716 to having one or two columns.
7717 Can be changed in the
7718 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7721 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7722 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
7731 \begin_layout Description
7732 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7735 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7742 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7745 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7751 ] This sequence defines the properties for a counter.
7752 If the counter does not yet exist, it is created; if it does exist, it
7755 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7759 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7762 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7769 \begin_inset Quotes erd
7773 \begin_inset Newline newline
7777 \begin_inset space ~
7781 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
7783 reference "sub:Counters"
7787 for details on counters.
7790 \begin_layout Description
7791 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7794 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7800 Sets the default font used to display the document.
7802 \begin_inset space ~
7806 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
7808 reference "sub:Font-description"
7812 for how to declare fonts.
7814 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7818 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7821 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7828 \begin_inset Quotes erd
7834 \begin_layout Description
7835 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7838 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7845 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7848 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7854 Specifies a module to be included by default with this document class.
7855 The module should be specified by filename without the
7856 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7859 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7866 The user can still remove the module, but it will be active at the outset.
7867 (This applies only when new files are created, or when this class is chosen
7868 for an existing document.)
7871 \begin_layout Description
7872 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7875 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7882 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7885 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7891 ] This is the style that will be assigned to new paragraphs, usually
7892 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
7895 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7902 This will default to the first defined style if not given, but you are
7903 encouraged to use this directive.
7906 \begin_layout Description
7907 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7910 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7917 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7920 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7926 ] This tag indicates that the module in question—which should be specified
7927 by filename without the
7928 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7931 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7937 extension—cannot be used with this document class.
7938 This might be used in a journal-specific layout file to prevent, say, the
7940 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7943 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7949 module that numbers theorems by section.
7954 be used in a module.
7955 Modules have their own way of excluding other modules (see
7956 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
7958 reference "sub:Layout-modules"
7965 \begin_layout Description
7966 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7969 \begin_layout Plain Layout
7975 Defines a new float.
7977 \begin_inset space ~
7981 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
7983 reference "sub:Floats"
7989 \begin_inset Quotes eld
7993 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
7996 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8003 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8009 \begin_layout Description
8010 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8013 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8019 Sets the information that will be output in the
8020 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8023 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8029 block when this document class is output to XHTML.
8030 Note that this will completely override any prior
8031 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8034 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8041 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8044 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8052 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8055 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8061 if you just want to add material to the preamble.) Must end with
8062 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8066 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8069 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8076 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8082 \begin_layout Description
8083 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8086 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8093 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8096 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8102 ] The layout to use for the table of contents, bibliography, and so forth,
8103 when the document is output to HTML.
8104 For articles, this should normally be Section; for books, Chapter.
8105 If it is not given, then LyX will attempt to figure out which layout to
8109 \begin_layout Description
8110 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8113 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8120 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8123 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8129 ] Modifies the properties of the given counter.
8130 If the counter does not exist, the section is ignored.
8132 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8136 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8139 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8146 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8150 \begin_inset Newline newline
8154 \begin_inset space ~
8158 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
8160 reference "sub:Counters"
8164 for details on counters.
8167 \begin_layout Description
8168 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8171 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8178 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8181 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8187 ] Modifies the properties of the given paragraph style.
8188 If the style does not exist, the section is ignored.
8190 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8194 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8197 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8204 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8210 \begin_layout Description
8211 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8214 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8220 As its name implies, this command allows you to include another layout
8221 definition file within yours to avoid duplicating commands.
8222 Common examples are the standard layout files, for example,
8223 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8226 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8232 , which contains most of the basic layouts.
8235 \begin_layout Description
8236 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8239 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8245 This section (re-)defines the layout of an inset.
8246 It can be applied to an existing inset or to a new, user-defined inset,
8247 e.g., a new character style.
8249 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8253 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8256 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8263 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8267 \begin_inset Newline newline
8271 \begin_inset space ~
8275 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
8277 reference "sub:Flex-insets-and"
8281 for more information.
8285 \begin_layout Description
8286 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8289 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8296 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8299 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8305 ] A string that indicates the width of the left margin on the screen, for
8307 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8311 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8315 (Note that this is not a `length', like
8316 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8320 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8326 \begin_layout Description
8327 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8330 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8336 This command deletes an existing float.
8337 This is particularly useful when you want to suppress a float that has
8338 been defined in an input file.
8341 \begin_layout Description
8342 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8345 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8351 This command deletes an existing style.
8352 This is particularly useful when you want to suppress a style that has
8353 be defined in an input file.
8356 \begin_layout Description
8357 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8360 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8366 A string indicating the file format (as defined in the Preferences dialog)
8367 produced by this class.
8368 It is mainly useful when
8369 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8372 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8378 is `literate' and one wants to define a new type of literate document.
8379 This string is reset to `docbook', `latex', or `literate' when the correspondin
8381 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8384 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8390 parameter is encountered.
8393 \begin_layout Description
8394 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8397 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8403 A string indicating what sort of output documents using this class will
8405 At present, the options are: `docbook', `latex', and `literate'.
8408 \begin_layout Description
8409 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8412 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8421 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8424 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8435 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8438 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8445 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8448 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8454 ] The default pagestyle.
8455 Can be changed in the
8456 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
8459 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8460 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
8469 \begin_layout Description
8470 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8473 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8479 Sets the preamble for the LaTeX document.
8480 Note that this will completely override any prior
8481 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8484 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8491 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8494 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8502 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8505 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8511 if you just want to add material to the preamble.) Must end with
8512 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8516 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8519 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8526 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8532 \begin_layout Description
8533 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8536 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8543 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8546 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8553 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8556 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8565 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8568 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8574 ] Whether the class already provides the feature
8575 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8578 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8585 A feature is in general the name of a package (
8586 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8589 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8596 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8599 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8605 , \SpecialChar \ldots{}
8607 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8610 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8617 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8620 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8626 ,\SpecialChar \ldots{}
8627 ); the complete list of supported features is unfortunately not documented
8628 outside the LyX source code—but see
8629 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8632 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8638 if you're interested.
8640 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
8643 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8644 Help\SpecialChar \menuseparator
8650 also gives an overview of the supported packages.
8653 \begin_layout Description
8654 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8657 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8664 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8667 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8673 ] Indicates that this layout provides the functionality of the module mentioned,
8674 which should be specified by the filename without the
8675 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8678 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8685 This will typically be used if the layout includes the module directly,
8686 rather than using the
8687 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8690 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8696 tag to indicate that it ought to be used.
8697 It could also be used in a module that provided an alternate implementation
8698 of the same functionality.
8701 \begin_layout Description
8702 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8705 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8712 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8715 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8721 ] Whether the class requires the feature
8722 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8725 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8732 Multiple features must be separated by commas.
8733 Note that you can only request supported features.
8735 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8738 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8744 for a list of these.)
8747 \begin_layout Description
8748 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8751 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8757 A string that indicates the width of the right margin on the screen, for
8759 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8763 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8769 \begin_layout Description
8770 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8773 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8779 Sets which divisions get numbered.
8781 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8784 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8793 \begin_layout Description
8794 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8797 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8806 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8809 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8820 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8823 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8829 ] Whether the class-default should be printing on one or both sides of the
8831 Can be changed in the
8832 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
8835 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8836 Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator
8845 \begin_layout Description
8846 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8849 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8855 This sequence defines a paragraph style.
8856 If the style does not yet exist, it is created; if it does exist, its parameter
8859 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8863 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8866 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8873 \begin_inset Quotes erd
8877 \begin_inset Newline newline
8881 \begin_inset space ~
8885 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
8887 reference "sub:Paragraph-Styles"
8891 for details on paragraph styles.
8894 \begin_layout Description
8895 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8898 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8905 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8908 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8914 ] The name of the command or environment to be used with
8915 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8918 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8927 \begin_layout Description
8928 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8931 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8938 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8941 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8950 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8953 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8959 ] Indicates what kind of markup is used to define the title of a document.
8961 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8964 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8970 means that the macro with name
8971 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8974 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8980 will be inserted after the last layout which has
8981 \begin_inset Quotes eld
8985 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
8988 \begin_layout Plain Layout
8995 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9000 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9003 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9009 corresponds to the case where the block of paragraphs which have
9010 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9014 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9017 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9024 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9027 should be enclosed into the
9028 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9031 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9040 \begin_layout Description
9041 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9044 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9050 Sets which divisions are included in the table of contents.
9052 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9055 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9064 \begin_layout Subsection
9065 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9068 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9075 \begin_inset CommandInset label
9077 name "sub:ClassOptions"
9084 \begin_layout Standard
9086 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9089 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9095 section can contain the following entries:
9098 \begin_layout Description
9099 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9102 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9109 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9112 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9118 ] The list of available font sizes for the document's main font, separated
9120 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9124 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9127 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9134 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9140 \begin_layout Description
9141 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9144 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9150 Used to set the DTD line with XML-based output classes.
9152 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
9156 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9159 -//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.2//EN
9160 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9166 \begin_layout Description
9167 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9170 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9177 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9180 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9181 string="empty|plain|headings|fancy"
9186 ] The list of available page styles, separated by
9187 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9191 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9194 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9201 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9207 \begin_layout Description
9208 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9211 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9218 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9221 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9227 ] Some document class options, separated by a comma, that will be added
9228 to the optional part of the
9229 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9232 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9243 \begin_layout Standard
9245 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9248 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9254 section must end with
9255 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9259 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9262 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9269 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9275 \begin_layout Subsection
9277 \begin_inset CommandInset label
9279 name "sub:Paragraph-Styles"
9286 \begin_layout Standard
9287 A paragraph style description looks like this:
9291 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9292 Note that this will either define a new layout or modify an existing one.
9300 \begin_layout LyX-Code
9307 \begin_layout LyX-Code
9311 \begin_layout LyX-Code
9315 \begin_layout Standard
9316 where the following commands are allowed:
9319 \begin_layout Description
9320 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9323 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9330 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9333 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9338 , left, right, center
9343 ] Paragraph alignment.
9346 \begin_layout Description
9347 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9350 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9357 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9360 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9365 , left, right, center
9370 ] A comma separated list of permitted alignments.
9371 (Some LaTeX styles prohibit certain alignments, since those wouldn't make
9373 For example a right-aligned or centered enumeration isn't possible.)
9376 \begin_layout Description
9377 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9380 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9386 Language dependent information to be included in the LaTeX preamble when
9388 Note that this will completely override any prior
9389 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9392 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9400 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9404 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9407 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9414 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9418 The contents of this tag will occur once in the LaTeX preamble for each
9419 language used by the document.
9420 Each time, the following substitutions are made:
9424 \begin_layout Itemize
9425 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9428 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9434 is replaced by the language name (as used by the babel package).
9437 \begin_layout Itemize
9439 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9443 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9447 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9450 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9456 replaces its argument by the translation of the argument to the current
9460 \begin_layout Standard
9461 This preamble snippet will only be used if the document contains more than
9462 one language and the babel package is used.
9466 \begin_layout Description
9467 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9470 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9477 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9480 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9490 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9491 Note that a `float' here is a real number, such as: 1.5.
9496 The vertical space with which the last of a chain of paragraphs with this
9497 layout is separated from the following paragraph.
9498 If the next paragraph has another layout, the separations are not simply
9499 added, but the maximum is taken.
9502 \begin_layout Description
9503 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9506 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9513 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9516 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9522 The category for this style.
9523 This is used to group related styles in the Layout combobox on the toolbar.
9524 Any string can be used, but you may want to use existing categories with
9529 \begin_layout Description
9530 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9533 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9539 Depth of XML command.
9540 Used only with XML-type formats.
9543 \begin_layout Description
9544 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9547 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9554 \begin_inset CommandInset label
9556 name "des:CopyStyle"
9561 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9564 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9570 Copies all the features of an existing style into the current one.
9574 \begin_layout Description
9575 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9578 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9584 The name of a style whose preamble should be output
9589 This allows to ensure some ordering of the preamble snippets when macros
9590 definitions depend on one another.
9594 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9595 Note that, besides that functionality, there is no way to ensure any ordering
9597 The ordering that you see in a given version of LyX may change without
9598 warning in later versions.
9606 \begin_layout Description
9607 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9610 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9617 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9620 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9625 , Box, Filled_Box, Static
9630 ] The type of label that stands at the end of the paragraph (or sequence
9632 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9635 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9642 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9645 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9652 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9655 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9662 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9665 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9673 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9676 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9683 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9687 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9691 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9694 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9701 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9704 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9705 \begin_inset space ~
9714 \begin_inset space ~
9717 black) square suitable for end of proof markers,
9718 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9721 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9727 is an explicit text string.
9730 \begin_layout Description
9731 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9734 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9741 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9744 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9750 ] The string used for a label with a
9751 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9754 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9761 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9764 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9774 \begin_layout Description
9775 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9778 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9785 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9788 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9799 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9802 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9811 \begin_layout Description
9812 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9815 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9822 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9825 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9835 ] With this parameter the
9836 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
9839 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9846 \begin_inset Quotes eld
9849 Vertical space above
9850 \begin_inset Quotes erd
9854 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
9857 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9858 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
9860 \begin_inset space ~
9868 dialog can be set when initializing a paragraph with this style.
9872 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9875 Note from Jean-Marc:
9877 I'm not sure that this setting has much use, and it should probably be
9878 removed in later versions.
9886 \begin_layout Description
9887 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9890 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9896 The font used for both the text body
9902 \begin_inset space ~
9906 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
9908 reference "sub:Font-description"
9913 Note that defining this font automatically defines the
9914 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9917 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9924 So you should define this one first if you also want to define
9925 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9928 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9937 \begin_layout Description
9938 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9941 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9948 \begin_inset CommandInset label
9950 name "des:FreeSpacing"
9957 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9960 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9971 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9974 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9980 ] Usually LyX doesn't allow you to insert more than one space between words,
9981 since a space is considered as the separation between two words, not a
9982 character or symbol of its own.
9983 This is a very fine thing but sometimes annoying, for example, when typing
9984 program code or plain LaTeX code.
9986 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
9989 \begin_layout Plain Layout
9996 Note that LyX will create protected blanks for the additional blanks when
9997 in another mode than LaTeX-mode.
10000 \begin_layout Description
10001 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10004 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10010 These tags are used with XHTML output.
10012 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
10013 LatexCommand prettyref
10014 reference "sub:Paragraph-Style-XHTML"
10021 \begin_layout Description
10022 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10025 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10031 [[FIXME]] (Used only with XML-type formats.)
10034 \begin_layout Description
10035 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10038 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10045 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10048 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10054 If 1, marks the layout as to be included in the document preamble rather
10055 than in the document body.
10056 This is useful for document classes that want such information as the title
10057 and author to appear in the preamble.
10060 \begin_layout Description
10061 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10064 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10071 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10074 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10080 If 1, marks the layout as being part of a title block (see also the
10081 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10084 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10091 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10094 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10103 \begin_layout Description
10104 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10107 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10114 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10117 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10123 ] This provides extra space between paragraphs that have the same layout.
10124 If you put other layouts into an environment, each is separated with the
10126 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10129 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10136 But the whole items of the environment are additionally separated with
10138 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10141 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10148 Note that this is a
10153 \begin_layout Description
10154 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10157 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10163 [[FIXME]] (Used only with XML-type formats.)
10166 \begin_layout Description
10167 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10170 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10177 \begin_inset CommandInset label
10179 name "des:KeepEmpty"
10186 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10189 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10200 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10203 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10209 ] Usually LyX does not allow you to leave a paragraph empty, since it would
10210 lead to empty LaTeX output.
10211 There are some cases where this could be desirable however: in a letter
10212 template, the required fields can be provided as empty fields, so that
10213 people do not forget them; in some special classes, a layout can be used
10214 as some kind of break, which does not contain actual text.
10217 \begin_layout Description
10218 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10221 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10227 [float=0] The vertical space between the label and the text body.
10228 Only used for labels that are above the text body (
10229 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10232 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10239 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10242 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10243 Centered_Top_Environment
10251 \begin_layout Description
10252 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10255 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10262 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10265 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10272 \begin_inset Newline newline
10275 The name of the counter for automatic numbering.
10277 \begin_inset Newline newline
10285 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10288 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10295 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10298 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10305 In that case, the counter will be stepped each time the layout appears.
10307 \begin_inset Newline newline
10315 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10318 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10325 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10328 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10334 , though this case is a bit complicated.
10335 Suppose you declare
10336 \begin_inset Quotes eld
10340 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10343 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10344 LabelCounter myenum
10350 \begin_inset Quotes erd
10354 Then the actual counters used are
10355 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10358 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10365 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10368 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10375 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10378 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10385 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10388 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10394 , much as in LaTeX.
10395 These counters must all be declared separately.
10396 \begin_inset Newline newline
10400 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
10402 reference "sub:Counters"
10406 for details on counters.
10409 \begin_layout Description
10410 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10413 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10419 The font used for the label.
10421 \begin_inset space ~
10425 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
10427 reference "sub:Font-description"
10434 \begin_layout Description
10435 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10438 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10444 Text that indicates how far a label should be indented.
10447 \begin_layout Description
10448 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10451 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10458 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10461 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10467 ] The horizontal space between the label and the text body.
10468 Only used for labels that are not above the text body.
10471 \begin_layout Description
10472 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10475 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10482 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10485 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10491 ] The string used for a label with a
10492 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10495 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10503 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10506 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10512 is set, this string can be contain the special formatting commands described
10514 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
10516 reference "sub:Counters"
10524 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10525 For the sake of backwards compatibility, the string
10526 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10529 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10539 will be replaced by the expanded
10540 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10543 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10550 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10553 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10562 This feature is now obsolete and should be replaced by the mechanisms of
10564 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
10566 reference "sub:Counters"
10578 \begin_layout Description
10579 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10582 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10583 LabelStringAppendix
10589 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10592 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10598 ] This is used inside the appendix instead of
10599 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10602 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10610 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10613 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10620 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10623 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10624 LabelStringAppendix
10632 \begin_layout Description
10633 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10636 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10642 [FIXME] (Used only with XML-type formats.)
10645 \begin_layout Description
10646 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10649 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10656 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10659 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10664 , Manual, Static, Top_Environment, Centered_Top_Environment, Counter, Sensitive,
10665 Enumerate, Itemize, Bibliography
10674 \begin_layout Itemize
10675 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10678 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10684 means the label is the very first word (up to the first real blank).
10685 Use protected spaces (like
10686 \begin_inset space ~
10689 that one) if you want more than one word as the label.
10693 \begin_layout Itemize
10694 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10697 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10703 means the label is simply whatever
10704 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10707 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10714 Note that this really is `static'.
10717 \begin_layout Itemize
10718 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10721 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10728 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10731 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10732 Centered_Top_Environment
10737 are special cases of
10738 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10741 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10748 The label will be printed above the paragraph, but only at the top of an
10749 environment or the top of a chain of paragraphs with this layout.
10750 This might be used with the
10751 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
10754 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10760 layout, for example.
10763 \begin_layout Itemize
10764 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10767 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10773 is a special case for the caption-labels
10774 \begin_inset Quotes eld
10778 \begin_inset Quotes erd
10782 \begin_inset Quotes eld
10786 \begin_inset Quotes erd
10791 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10794 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10800 means the (hardcoded) label string depends on the kind of float: It is
10801 hardcoded to be `FloatType N', where N is the value of the counter associated
10805 \begin_layout Itemize
10807 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10810 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10816 label type defines automatically numbered labels.
10818 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10821 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10827 will be expanded to resolve any counter references it contains: For example,
10829 \begin_inset Quotes eld
10833 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10836 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10847 \begin_inset Quotes erd
10852 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
10854 reference "sub:Counters"
10858 for more information on counters.
10861 \begin_layout Itemize
10862 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10865 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10871 produces the usual sort of enumeration labels.
10872 At present, it is hardcoded to use Arabic numerals, lowercase letters,
10873 small Roman numerals, and uppercase letters for the four possible depths.
10876 \begin_layout Itemize
10877 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10880 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10886 produces various bullets at the different levels.
10887 It is also hardcoded.
10890 \begin_layout Itemize
10891 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10894 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10900 is used internally by LyX and should be used only with
10901 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10904 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10905 LatexType BibEnvironment
10914 \begin_layout Description
10915 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10918 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10925 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10928 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10934 , but this preamble snippet occurs independently from the babel package,
10935 and only for the document language.
10937 \begin_inset Quotes eld
10941 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10944 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10951 \begin_inset Quotes erd
10958 \begin_layout Standard
10959 If the style defines text that appears in the typeset document, it may use
10961 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10964 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10971 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10974 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10980 to support non-english and even multilanguage documents correctly.
10981 The following excerpt (from the
10982 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
10985 \begin_layout Plain Layout
10991 file) shows how this works:
10994 \begin_layout LyX-Code
10998 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11001 theoremstyle{remark}
11004 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11007 newtheorem{claim}[thm]{
11014 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11018 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11022 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11027 claimname}{_(Claim)}
11030 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11034 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11038 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11042 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11051 claimname}{_(Claim)}}
11054 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11058 \begin_layout Standard
11059 The key to correct translation of the user visible text is the definition
11061 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11064 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11072 in the language preamble.
11073 This command holds the name of the theorem that will appear in the output.
11075 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11078 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11084 then uses the commands offered by the babel package to redefine
11085 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11088 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11096 for each used language in multilanguage documents.
11100 \begin_layout Description
11101 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11104 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11110 The name of the corresponding LaTeX stuff.
11111 Either the environment or command name.
11114 \begin_layout Description
11115 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11118 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11124 An optional parameter for the corresponding
11125 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11128 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11135 This parameter cannot be changed from within LyX.
11138 \begin_layout Description
11139 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11142 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11149 \begin_inset CommandInset label
11151 name "des:LatexType"
11156 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11159 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11164 , Command, Environment, Item_Environment,
11170 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11173 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11174 List_Environment, Bib_Environment
11179 ] How the layout should be translated into LaTeX.
11183 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11184 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11187 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11193 is perhaps a bit misleading, since these rules apply to SGML classes, too.
11194 Visit the SGML class files for specific examples.
11203 \begin_layout Itemize
11204 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11207 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11213 means nothing special.
11217 \begin_layout Itemize
11218 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11221 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11228 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11231 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11238 {\SpecialChar \ldots{}
11247 \begin_layout Itemize
11248 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11251 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11258 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11261 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11268 }\SpecialChar \ldots{}
11284 \begin_layout Itemize
11285 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11288 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11295 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11298 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11305 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11308 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11316 is generated for each paragraph of this environment.
11320 \begin_layout Itemize
11321 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11324 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11331 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11334 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11341 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11344 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11350 is passed as an argument to the environment.
11352 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11355 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11361 can be defined in the
11362 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
11365 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11370 ayout\SpecialChar \menuseparator
11384 \begin_layout Standard
11385 Putting the last few things together, the LaTeX output will be either:
11388 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11391 latexname[latexparam]{\SpecialChar \ldots{}
11395 \begin_layout Standard
11399 \begin_layout LyX-Code
11402 begin{latexname}[latexparam] \SpecialChar \ldots{}
11408 \begin_layout Standard
11409 depending upon the LaTeX type.
11413 \begin_layout Description
11414 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11417 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11424 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11427 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11433 ] If you put layouts into environments, the leftmargins are not simply added,
11434 but added with a factor
11435 \begin_inset Formula $\frac{4}{depth+4}$
11439 Note that this parameter is also used when the margin is defined as
11440 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11443 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11450 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11453 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11460 Then it is added to the manual or dynamic margin.
11462 \begin_inset Newline newline
11465 The argument is passed as a string.
11467 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11471 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11474 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11481 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11484 means that the paragraph is indented with the width of
11485 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11489 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11492 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11499 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11502 in the normal font.
11503 You can get a negative width by prefixing the string with
11504 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11508 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11511 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11518 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11522 This way was chosen so that the look is the same with each used screen
11527 \begin_layout Description
11528 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11531 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11538 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11541 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11546 , Manual, Dynamic, First_Dynamic, Right_Address_Box
11552 \begin_inset Newline newline
11555 The kind of margin that the layout has on the left side.
11557 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11560 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11566 just means a fixed margin.
11568 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11571 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11577 means that the left margin depends on the string entered in the
11578 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
11581 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11582 Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator
11584 \begin_inset space ~
11593 This is used to typeset nice lists without tabulators.
11595 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11598 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11604 means that the margin depends on the size of the label.
11605 This is used for automatic enumerated headlines.
11606 It is obvious that the headline
11607 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11610 5.4.3.2.1 Very long headline
11611 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11614 must have a wider left margin (as wide as
11615 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11619 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11622 plus the space) than
11623 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11626 3.2 Very long headline
11627 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11631 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11635 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11638 are not able to do this.
11640 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11643 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11649 is similar, but only the very first row of the paragraph is dynamic, while
11650 the others are static; this is used, for example, for descriptions.
11652 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11655 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11661 means the margin is chosen in a way that the longest row of this paragraph
11662 fits to the right margin.
11663 This is used to typeset an address on the right edge of the page.
11666 \begin_layout Description
11667 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11670 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11677 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11680 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11689 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11692 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11698 ] Whether fragile commands in this layout should be
11699 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11702 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11715 whether this command should itself be protected.)
11718 \begin_layout Description
11719 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11722 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11729 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11732 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11739 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11742 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11750 ] Whether newlines are translated into LaTeX newlines (
11751 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11754 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11765 The translation can be switched off to allow more comfortable LaTeX editing
11769 \begin_layout Description
11770 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11773 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11780 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11783 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11790 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11793 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11801 ] Whether the following Paragraph is allowed to indent its very first row.
11803 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11806 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11812 means that it is not allowed to do so;
11813 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11816 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11822 means it could do so if it wants to.
11825 \begin_layout Description
11826 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11829 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11835 Name of a layout that has replaced this layout.
11836 This is used to rename a layout, while keeping backward compatibility.
11839 \begin_layout Description
11840 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11843 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11850 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11853 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11859 ] The number of optional arguments that can be used with this layout.
11860 This is useful for things like section headings, and only makes sense with
11864 \begin_layout Description
11865 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11868 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11875 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11878 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11884 ] The indent of the very first line of a paragraph.
11886 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11889 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11895 will be fixed for a certain layout.
11896 The exception is Standard layout, since the indentation of a Standard layout
11897 paragraph can be prohibited with
11898 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11901 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11908 Also, Standard layout paragraphs inside environments use the
11909 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11912 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11918 of the environment, not their native one.
11919 For example, Standard paragraphs inside an enumeration are not indented.
11922 \begin_layout Description
11923 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11926 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11933 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11936 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11942 ] The vertical space between two paragraphs of this layout.
11945 \begin_layout Description
11946 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11949 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11956 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
11959 \begin_layout Plain Layout
11965 ] LyX allows the user to choose either
11966 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11970 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11974 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11978 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11981 to typeset a document.
11983 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11987 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11990 is chosen, this value is completely ignored.
11992 \begin_inset Quotes eld
11996 \begin_inset Quotes erd
11999 is chosen, the parindent of a LaTeXtype
12000 \begin_inset Quotes eld
12004 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12007 layout is ignored and all paragraphs are separated by this parskip argument.
12008 The vertical space is calculated with
12009 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12012 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12014 \begin_inset space ~
12023 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12026 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12032 is the height of a row with the normal font.
12033 This way, the look stays the same with different screen fonts.
12036 \begin_layout Description
12037 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12040 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12047 \begin_inset CommandInset label
12049 name "des:PathThru"
12056 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12059 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12070 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12073 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12079 ] Whether the contents of this paragraph should be output in raw form, meaning
12080 without special translations that LaTeX would require.
12083 \begin_layout Description
12084 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12087 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12094 \begin_inset CommandInset label
12096 name "des:Preamble"
12100 Information to be included in the LaTeX preamble when this style is used.
12101 Used to define macros, load packages, etc., required by this particular
12104 \begin_inset Quotes eld
12108 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12111 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12118 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12124 \begin_layout Description
12125 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12128 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12135 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12138 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12145 \begin_inset CommandInset label
12147 name "des:Requires"
12151 Whether the layout requires the feature
12152 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12155 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12162 See the description of
12163 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12166 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12173 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
12174 LatexCommand pageref
12175 reference "des:FreeSpacing"
12179 ) for information on `features'.
12183 \begin_layout Description
12184 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12187 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12194 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12197 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12204 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12207 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12216 \begin_layout Description
12217 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12220 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12227 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12230 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12235 , onehalf, double, other
12244 ] This defines what the default spacing should be in the layout.
12246 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12249 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12256 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12259 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12266 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12269 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12275 correspond respectively to a multiplier value of 1, 1.25 and 1.667.
12276 If you specify the argument
12277 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12280 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12286 , then you should also provide a numerical argument which will be the actual
12288 Note that, contrary to other parameters,
12289 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12292 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12298 implies the generation of specific LaTeX code, using the package
12301 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12304 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12313 \begin_layout Description
12314 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12317 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12323 The font used for the text body .
12325 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
12327 reference "sub:Font-description"
12334 \begin_layout Description
12335 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12338 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12347 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12350 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12360 The level of the style in the table of contents.
12361 This is used for automatic numbering of section headings.
12364 \begin_layout Description
12365 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12368 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12375 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12378 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12384 ] The vertical space with which the very first of a chain of paragraphs
12385 with this layout is separated from the previous paragraph.
12386 If the previous paragraph has another layout, the separations are not simply
12387 added, but the maximum is taken.
12390 \begin_layout Subsection
12392 \begin_inset CommandInset label
12401 \begin_layout Standard
12402 Since version 1.3.0 of LyX, it is has been both possible and necessary to
12403 define the floats (
12404 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
12407 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12414 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
12417 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12423 , \SpecialChar \ldots{}
12424 ) in the text class itself.
12425 Standard floats are included in the file
12426 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12429 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12435 , so you may have to do no more than add
12438 \begin_layout LyX-Code
12439 Input stdfloats.inc
12442 \begin_layout Standard
12443 to your layout file.
12444 If you want to implement a text class that proposes some other float types
12445 (like the AGU class bundled with LyX), the information below will hopefully
12449 \begin_layout Description
12450 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12453 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12460 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12463 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12470 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12474 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12477 ] The file name extension of an auxiliary file for the list of figures (or
12479 LaTeX writes the captions to this file.
12482 \begin_layout Description
12483 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12486 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12493 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12496 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12503 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12507 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12510 ] The string that will be used in the menus and also for the caption.
12511 This is translated to the current language if babel is used.
12514 \begin_layout Description
12515 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12518 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12524 These are used for XHTML output.
12528 \begin_layout Description
12529 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12532 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12539 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12542 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12551 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12554 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12561 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12564 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12570 if the float is already defined by the LaTeX document class.
12572 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12575 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12581 , the float will be defined using the LaTeX package
12582 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12585 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12594 \begin_layout Description
12595 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12598 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12605 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12608 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12615 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12619 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12622 ] The heading used for the list of floats.
12623 This is translated to the document language.
12626 \begin_layout Description
12627 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12630 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12637 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12640 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12647 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12651 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12654 ] This (optional) argument determines whether floats of this class will
12655 be numbered within some sectional unit of the document.
12656 For example, if within is equal to
12657 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12660 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12666 , the floats will be numbered within chapters.
12670 \begin_layout Description
12671 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12674 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12681 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12684 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12691 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12695 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12698 ] The default placement for the given class of floats.
12699 The string should be as in standard LaTeX:
12700 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12703 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12710 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12713 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12720 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12723 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12730 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12733 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12739 for top, bottom, page, and here, respectively.
12743 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12744 Note that the order of these letters in the string is irrelevant, like in
12750 On top of that there is a new type,
12751 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12754 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12760 , which does not really correspond to a float, since it means: put it
12761 \begin_inset Quotes eld
12765 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12769 Note however that the
12770 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12773 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12779 specifier is special and, because of implementation details, cannot be
12780 used in non-built in float types.
12781 If you do not understand what this means, just use
12782 \begin_inset Quotes eld
12786 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12789 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12796 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12802 \begin_layout Description
12803 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12806 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12813 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12816 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12823 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12827 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12830 ] The style used when defining the float using
12831 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12834 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12845 \begin_layout Description
12846 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12849 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12856 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12859 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12866 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12870 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12874 \begin_inset Quotes eld
12878 \begin_inset Quotes erd
12881 of the new class of floats, like program or algorithm.
12882 After the appropriate
12883 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12886 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12895 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12898 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12907 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12910 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12921 \begin_layout Standard
12922 Note that defining a float with type
12923 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12926 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12934 automatically defines the corresponding counter with name
12935 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12938 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12949 \begin_layout Subsection
12950 Flex insets and InsetLayout
12951 \begin_inset CommandInset label
12953 name "sub:Flex-insets-and"
12960 \begin_layout Standard
12961 LyX has supported character styles since version 1.4.0; as of version 1.6.0,
12962 these are called Flex insets.
12966 \begin_layout Standard
12967 Flex insets come in three different kinds:
12970 \begin_layout Itemize
12972 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12975 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12981 ): These define semantic markup corresponding to such LaTeX commands as
12983 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12986 \begin_layout Plain Layout
12995 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
12998 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13009 \begin_layout Itemize
13011 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13014 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13020 ): These can be used to define custom collapsible insets, similar to TeX
13021 code, footnote, and the like.
13022 An obvious example is an endnote inset, which is defined in the
13023 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13026 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13035 \begin_layout Itemize
13037 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13040 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13046 ): For use with DocBook classes.
13049 \begin_layout Standard
13050 Flex insets are defined using the
13051 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13054 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13060 tag, which shall be explained in a moment.
13063 \begin_layout Standard
13065 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13068 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13074 tag also serves another function: It can be used to customize the general
13075 layout of many different types of insets.
13077 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13080 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13086 can be used to customize the layout parameters for footnotes, marginal
13087 notes, note insets, TeX code (ERT) insets, branches, listings, indexes,
13088 boxes, tables, algorithms, URLs, and optional arguments, as well as to
13089 define Flex insets.
13092 \begin_layout Standard
13094 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13097 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13103 definition must begin with a line of the form:
13106 \begin_layout LyX-Code
13110 \begin_layout Standard
13112 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13115 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13121 indicates the inset whose layout is being defined, and here there are two
13125 \begin_layout Enumerate
13126 The layout for a pre-existing inset is being modified.
13127 In this case, can be
13128 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13131 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13137 any one of the following:
13138 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13141 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13148 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13151 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13158 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13161 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13168 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13171 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13178 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13181 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13188 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13191 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13198 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13201 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13208 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13211 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13218 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13221 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13228 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13231 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13238 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13241 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13248 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13251 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13258 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13261 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13268 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13271 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13278 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13281 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13288 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13291 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13298 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13301 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13308 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13311 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13318 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13321 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13328 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13331 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13340 \begin_layout Enumerate
13341 The layout for a Flex inset is being defined.
13343 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13346 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13352 can be any valid identifier not used by a pre-existing inset.
13353 Note that the definition of a flex inset
13358 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13361 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13367 entry, declaring which type of inset this is.
13370 \begin_layout Standard
13372 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13375 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13381 definition can contain the following entries:
13384 \begin_layout Description
13385 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13388 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13394 The color for the inset's background.
13395 The valid colors are defined in
13396 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13399 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13408 \begin_layout Description
13409 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13412 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13419 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13422 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13431 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13434 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13440 ] Whether to use the content of the inset as the label, when the inset is
13445 \begin_layout Description
13446 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13449 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13455 As with paragraph styles (see page
13456 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
13458 reference "des:CopyStyle"
13465 \begin_layout Description
13466 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13469 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13476 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13479 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13488 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13491 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13497 ] Indicates whether the user may employ the Paragraph Settings dialog to
13498 customize the paragraph.
13501 \begin_layout Description
13502 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13505 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13512 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13515 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13522 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13525 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13532 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13535 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13541 , describing the rendering style used for the inset's frame and buttons.
13542 Footnotes generally use
13543 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13546 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13552 , ERT insets generally
13553 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13556 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13562 , and character styles
13563 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13566 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13575 \begin_layout Description
13576 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13579 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13585 Required at the end of the InsetLayout declarations.
13588 \begin_layout Description
13589 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13592 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13598 The font used for both the text body
13604 \begin_inset space ~
13608 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
13610 reference "sub:Font-description"
13615 Note that defining this font automatically defines the
13616 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13619 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13625 to the same value, so define this first and define
13626 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13629 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13635 later if you want them to be different.
13638 \begin_layout Description
13639 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13642 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13649 \begin_inset Quotes eld
13653 \begin_inset Quotes erd
13656 language, leading to Left-to-Right (latin) output, e.
13657 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
13661 \begin_inset space \space{}
13664 in TeX code or URL.
13668 \begin_layout Description
13669 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13672 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13679 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13682 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13691 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13694 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13700 ] Indicates whether the PlainLayout should be used or, instead, the user
13701 can change the paragraph style used in the inset.
13705 \begin_layout Description
13706 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13709 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13715 As with paragraph styles (see page
13716 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
13717 LatexCommand pageref
13718 reference "des:FreeSpacing"
13726 \begin_layout Description
13727 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13730 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13736 These tags control XHTML output.
13740 \begin_layout Description
13741 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13744 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13751 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13754 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13763 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13766 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13772 ] Whether to include the contents of this inset in the strings generated
13773 for the `Outline' pane.
13774 One would not, for example, want the content of a footnote in a section
13775 header to be included in the TOC displayed in the outline, but one would
13776 normally want the content of a character style displayed.
13777 Default is false: not to include.
13780 \begin_layout Description
13781 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13784 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13790 As with paragraph styles (see page
13791 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
13792 LatexCommand pageref
13793 reference "des:KeepEmpty"
13801 \begin_layout Description
13802 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13805 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13811 The font used for the label.
13813 \begin_inset space ~
13817 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
13819 reference "sub:Font-description"
13824 Note that this definition can never appear before
13825 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13828 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13834 , lest it be ineffective.
13837 \begin_layout Description
13838 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13841 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13847 What will be displayed on the button or elsewhere as the inset label.
13848 Some inset types (TeX code and Branch) modify this label on the fly.
13851 \begin_layout Description
13852 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13855 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13861 The name of the corresponding LaTeX stuff.
13862 Either the environment or command name.
13865 \begin_layout Description
13866 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13869 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13875 The optional parameter for the corresponding
13876 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13879 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13885 stuff, including possible bracket pairs like
13886 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13889 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13896 This parameter cannot be changed from within LyX.
13899 \begin_layout Description
13900 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13903 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13909 As with paragraph styles (see page
13910 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
13911 LatexCommand pageref
13912 reference "des:LatexType"
13919 \begin_layout Description
13920 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13923 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13930 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13933 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13940 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13943 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13950 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13953 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13960 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13963 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13969 (indicating a dummy definition ending definitions of charstyles, etc).
13970 This entry is required in and is only meaningful for Flex insets.
13971 Among other things, it determines on which menu this inset will appear.
13974 \begin_layout Description
13975 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13978 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13985 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
13988 \begin_layout Plain Layout
13997 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14000 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14006 ] Whether multiple paragraphs are permitted in this inset.
14008 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14011 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14017 to the same value and
14018 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14021 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14027 to the opposite value.
14028 These can be reset to other values, if they are used
14033 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14036 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14046 \begin_layout Description
14047 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14050 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14057 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14060 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14069 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14072 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14078 ] Whether fragile commands in this layout should be
14079 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14082 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14095 whether the command should itself be protected.) Default is false.
14098 \begin_layout Description
14099 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14102 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14109 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14112 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14121 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14124 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14130 ] As with paragraph styles (see page
14131 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
14132 LatexCommand pageref
14133 reference "des:PathThru"
14141 \begin_layout Description
14142 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14145 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14151 As with paragraph styles (see page
14152 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
14153 LatexCommand pageref
14154 reference "des:Preamble"
14161 \begin_layout Description
14162 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14165 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14172 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14175 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14181 ] As with paragraph styles (see page
14182 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
14183 LatexCommand pageref
14184 reference "des:Requires"
14191 \begin_layout Subsection
14193 \begin_inset CommandInset label
14195 name "sub:Counters"
14202 \begin_layout Standard
14203 Since version 1.3.0 of LyX, it is both possible and necessary to define the
14205 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
14208 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14215 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
14218 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14224 , \SpecialChar \ldots{}
14225 ) in the text class itself.
14226 The standard counters are defined in the file
14227 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14230 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14236 , so you may have to do no more than add
14239 \begin_layout LyX-Code
14240 Input stdcounters.inc
14243 \begin_layout Standard
14244 to your layout file to get them to work.
14245 But if you want to define custom counters, then you can do so.
14246 The counter declaration must begin with:
14249 \begin_layout LyX-Code
14250 Counter CounterName
14253 \begin_layout Standard
14255 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14258 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14264 ' is replaced by the name of the counter.
14265 And it must end with
14266 \begin_inset Quotes eld
14270 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14273 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14280 \begin_inset Quotes erd
14284 The following parameters can also be used:
14287 \begin_layout Description
14288 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14291 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14292 LabelString [string=""]
14297 when this is defined, this string defines how the counter is displayed.
14298 Setting this value sets
14299 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14302 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14303 LabelStringAppendix
14309 The following special constructs can be used in the string:
14313 \begin_layout Itemize
14314 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14317 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14325 will be replaced by the expansion of the
14326 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14329 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14336 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14339 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14340 LabelStringAppendix
14346 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14349 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14359 \begin_layout Itemize
14360 counter values can be expressed using LaTeX-like macros
14361 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14364 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14381 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14384 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14396 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14406 Actually, the situation is a bit more complicated: any
14425 other than those described below will produce arabic numerals.
14426 It would not be surprising to see this change in the future.
14432 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14435 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14441 : 1, 2, 3,\SpecialChar \ldots{}
14443 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14446 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14452 for lower-case letters: a, b, c, \SpecialChar \ldots{}
14454 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14457 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14463 for upper-case letters: A, B, C, \SpecialChar \ldots{}
14465 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14468 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14474 for lower-case roman numerals: i, ii, iii, \SpecialChar \ldots{}
14476 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14479 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14485 for upper-case roman numerals: I, II, III\SpecialChar \ldots{}
14487 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14490 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14496 for hebrew numerals.
14500 \begin_layout Standard
14501 If LabelString is not defined, a default value is constructed as follows:
14502 if the counter has a master counter
14503 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14506 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14513 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14516 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14523 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14526 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14536 is used; otherwise the string
14537 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14540 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14551 \begin_layout Description
14552 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14555 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14556 LabelStringAppendix [string=""]
14562 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14565 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14571 , but for use in the Appendix.
14574 \begin_layout Description
14575 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14578 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14585 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14588 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14595 \begin_inset Quotes erd
14599 \begin_inset Quotes erd
14602 ] If this is set to the name of another counter, the present counter will
14603 be reset every time the other one is increased.
14605 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14608 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14615 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14618 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14627 \begin_layout Subsection
14629 \begin_inset CommandInset label
14631 name "sub:Font-description"
14638 \begin_layout Standard
14639 A font description looks like this:
14642 \begin_layout LyX-Code
14652 \begin_layout LyX-Code
14656 \begin_layout LyX-Code
14660 \begin_layout Standard
14661 The following commands are available:
14664 \begin_layout Description
14665 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14668 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14675 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14678 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14687 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14690 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14697 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14700 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14707 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14710 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14717 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14720 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14727 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14730 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14737 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14740 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14747 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14750 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14757 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14760 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14769 \begin_layout Description
14770 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14773 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14782 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14785 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14796 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14799 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14806 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14809 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14818 \begin_layout Description
14819 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14822 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14829 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14832 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14838 ] Valid arguments are:
14839 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14842 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14849 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14852 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14859 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14862 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14869 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14872 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14879 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14882 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14889 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14892 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14899 Each of these turns on or off the corresponding attribute.
14901 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14904 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14910 turns on emphasis, and
14911 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14914 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14922 \begin_inset Newline newline
14925 If the latter seems puzzling, remember that the font settings for the present
14926 context are generally inherited from the surrounding context.
14928 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14931 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14937 would turn off the emphasis that was anyway in effect, say, in a theorem
14941 \begin_layout Description
14942 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14945 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14954 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14957 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14968 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14971 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14980 \begin_layout Description
14981 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14984 \begin_layout Plain Layout
14993 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
14996 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15007 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15010 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15017 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15020 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15027 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15030 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15039 \begin_layout Description
15040 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15043 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15050 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15053 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15060 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15063 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15070 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15073 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15082 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15085 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15092 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15095 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15102 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15105 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15112 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15115 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15122 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15125 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15134 \begin_layout Section
15135 \begin_inset CommandInset label
15137 name "sec:Tags-for-XHTML"
15141 Tags for XHTML output
15144 \begin_layout Standard
15145 As with LaTeX or DocBook, the format of LyX's XHTML output is also controlled
15146 by layout information.
15147 In general, LyX provides sensible defaults and, as mentioned earlier, it
15148 will even construct default CSS style rules from the other layout tags.
15149 For example, LyX will attempt to use the information provided in the
15150 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15153 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15159 declaration for the Chapter style to write CSS that will appropriately
15160 format chapter headings.
15163 \begin_layout Standard
15164 In many cases, then, you may not have to do anything at all to get acceptable
15165 XHTML output for your own environments, custom insets, and so forth.
15166 But in some cases you will, and so LyX provides a number of layout tags
15167 that can be used to customize the XHTML and CSS that are generated.
15170 \begin_layout Standard
15171 Note that there are two tags,
15172 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15175 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15182 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15185 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15191 that may appear outside style and inset declarations.
15193 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
15194 LatexCommand prettyref
15195 reference "sub:General-text-class"
15199 for details on these.
15202 \begin_layout Subsection
15203 \begin_inset CommandInset label
15205 name "sub:Paragraph-Style-XHTML"
15212 \begin_layout Standard
15213 The sort of XHTML LyX outputs for a paragraph depends upon whether we are
15214 dealing with a normal paragraph, a command, or an environment, where this
15215 is itself determined by the contents of the corresponding
15216 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15219 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15229 \begin_layout Standard
15230 For a command or normal paragraph, the output XHTML has the following form:
15233 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15235 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15239 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15245 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15247 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15251 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15257 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15258 Contents of the paragraph.
15261 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15265 \begin_layout Standard
15266 The label tags are of course omitted if the paragraph does not have a label.
15269 \begin_layout Standard
15270 For an environment that is not some sort of list, the XHTML takes this form:
15273 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15275 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15279 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15285 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15287 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15291 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15295 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15299 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15302 >Environment Label</labeltag>First paragraph.</itemtag>
15305 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15306 <itemtag>Second paragraph.</itemtag>
15309 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15313 \begin_layout Standard
15314 Note that the label is output only for the first paragraph, as it should
15315 be for a theorem, for example.
15319 \begin_layout Standard
15320 For a list, we have one of these forms:
15323 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15325 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15329 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15335 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15337 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15341 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15345 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15349 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15352 >List Label</labeltag>First item.</itemtag>
15355 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15357 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15361 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15365 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15369 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15372 >List Label</labeltag>Second item.</itemtag>
15375 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15379 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15383 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15385 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15389 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15395 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15397 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15401 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15404 >List Label</labeltag><itemtag attr=
15405 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15409 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15412 >First item.</itemtag>
15415 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15417 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15421 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15424 >List Label</labeltag><itemtag attr=
15425 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15429 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15432 >Second item.</itemtag>
15435 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15439 \begin_layout Standard
15440 Note the different orders of
15441 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15444 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15451 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15454 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15461 Which order we get depends upon the setting of
15462 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15465 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15472 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15475 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15481 is false (the default), you get the first of these, with the label within
15482 the item; if true, you get the second, with the label outside the item.
15485 \begin_layout Standard
15486 The specific tags and attributes output for each paragraph type can be controlle
15487 d by means of the layout tags we are about to describe.
15488 As mentioned earlier, however, LyX uses sensible defaults for many of these,
15489 so you often may not need to do very much to get good XHTML output.
15490 Think of the available tags as there so you can tweak things to your liking.
15493 \begin_layout Description
15494 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15497 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15504 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15507 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15513 ] Specifies attribute information to be output with the main tag.
15515 \begin_inset Quotes eld
15519 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15522 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15529 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15533 By default, LyX will output
15534 \begin_inset Quotes eld
15538 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15541 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15548 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15552 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15555 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15561 is the LyX name of the layout, made lowercase, for example: chapter.
15564 \begin_layout Description
15565 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15568 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15575 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15578 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15584 ] Whether to output the default CSS information LyX generates for this layout,
15585 even if additional information is explicitly provided via
15586 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15589 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15597 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15600 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15606 allows you to alter or augment the generated CSS, rather than to override
15609 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15612 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15621 \begin_layout Description
15622 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15625 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15632 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15635 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15641 ] The tag to be used for individual paragraphs of environments, replacing
15643 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15646 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15652 in the examples above.
15654 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15657 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15666 \begin_layout Description
15667 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15670 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15677 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15680 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15686 ] Attributes for the item tag.
15688 \begin_inset Quotes eld
15692 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15695 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15696 class=`layoutname_item'
15702 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15708 \begin_layout Description
15709 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15712 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15719 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15722 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15728 ] The tag to be used for paragraph and item labels, replacing
15729 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15732 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15738 in the examples above.
15740 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15743 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15752 \begin_layout Description
15753 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15756 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15763 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15766 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15772 ] Attributes for the label tag.
15774 \begin_inset Quotes eld
15778 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15781 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15782 class=`layoutname_label'
15788 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15794 \begin_layout Description
15795 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15798 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15805 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15808 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15814 ] Meaningful only for list-like environments, this tag controls whether
15815 the label tag is output before or inside the item tag.
15816 This is used, for example, in the description environment, where we want
15818 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15821 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15822 <dt>\SpecialChar \ldots{}
15823 </dt><dd>\SpecialChar \ldots{}
15831 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15834 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15840 : The label tag is output inside the item tag.
15843 \begin_layout Description
15844 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15847 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15853 Information to be output in the
15854 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15857 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15863 section when this style is used.
15864 This might, for example, be used to include a
15865 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15868 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15875 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15878 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15887 \begin_layout Description
15888 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15891 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15897 CSS style information to be included when this style is used.
15898 Note that this will automatically be wrapped in a layout-generated
15899 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15902 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15908 block, so only the CSS itself need be included.
15911 \begin_layout Description
15912 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15915 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15922 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15925 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15931 ] The tag to be used for the main label, replacing
15932 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15935 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15941 in the examples above.
15943 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
15946 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15955 \begin_layout Subsection
15959 \begin_layout Standard
15960 The XHTML output of insets can also be controlled by information in layout
15965 \begin_layout Plain Layout
15966 At present, this is true only for
15967 \begin_inset Quotes eld
15971 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15974 insets (insets you can type into) and is not true for
15975 \begin_inset Quotes eld
15979 \begin_inset Quotes erd
15982 insets (insets that are associated with dialog boxes).
15987 Here, too, LyX tries to provide sensible defaults, and it constructs default
15989 But everything can be customized.
15992 \begin_layout Standard
15993 The XHTML LyX outputs for an inset has the following form:
15996 \begin_layout LyX-Code
15998 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16002 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16008 \begin_layout LyX-Code
16009 <labeltag>Label</labeltag>
16012 \begin_layout LyX-Code
16014 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16018 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16021 >Contents of the inset.</innertag>
16024 \begin_layout LyX-Code
16028 \begin_layout Standard
16029 If the inset permits multiple paragraphs---that is, if
16030 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16033 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16039 is true---then the contents of the inset will itself be output as paragraphs
16040 formatted according to the styles used for those paragraphs (standard,
16041 quote, and the like).
16042 The label tag is of course omitted if the paragraph does not have a label
16043 and, at present, is always
16044 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16047 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16054 The inner tag is optional and, by default, does not appear.
16057 \begin_layout Standard
16058 The specific tags and attributes output for each inset can be controlled
16059 by means of the following layout tags.
16062 \begin_layout Description
16063 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16066 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16073 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16076 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16082 ] Specifies attribute information to be output with the main tag.
16084 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16088 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16091 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16092 class=`myinset' onclick=`\SpecialChar \ldots{}
16099 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16103 By default, LyX will output
16104 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16108 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16111 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16118 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16122 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16125 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16131 is the LyX name of the inset, made lowercase and with non-alphanumeric
16132 characters converted to underscores, for example: footnote.
16135 \begin_layout Description
16136 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16139 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16146 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16149 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16159 ] Whether to output the default CSS information LyX generates for this layout,
16160 even if additional information is explicitly provided via
16161 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16164 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16172 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16175 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16181 allows you to alter or augment the generated CSS, rather than to override
16186 \begin_layout Description
16187 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16190 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16197 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16200 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16206 ] Attributes for the inner tag.
16208 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16212 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16215 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16216 class=`insetname_inner'
16222 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16228 \begin_layout Description
16229 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16232 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16239 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16242 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16248 ] The inner tag, replacing
16249 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16252 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16258 in the examples above.
16259 By default, there is none.
16262 \begin_layout Description
16263 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16266 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16273 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16276 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16284 ] Whether this inset represents a standalone block of text (such as a footnote)
16285 or instead represents material that is included in the surrounding text
16286 (such as a branch).
16290 \begin_layout Description
16291 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16294 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16301 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16304 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16310 ] A label for this inset, possibly including a reference to a counter.
16311 For example, for footnote, it might be:
16312 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16315 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16324 This is optional, and there is no default.
16327 \begin_layout Description
16328 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16331 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16337 Information to be output in the
16338 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16341 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16347 section when this style is used.
16348 This might, for example, be used to include a
16349 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16352 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16359 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16362 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16371 \begin_layout Description
16372 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16375 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16381 CSS style information to be included when this style is used.
16382 Note that this will automatically be wrapped in a layout-generated
16383 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16386 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16392 block, so only the CSS itself need be included.
16395 \begin_layout Description
16396 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16399 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16406 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16409 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16415 ] The tag to be used for the main label, replacing
16416 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16419 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16425 in the examples above.
16426 The default depends upon the setting of
16427 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16430 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16437 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16440 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16446 is true, the default is
16447 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16450 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16456 ; if it is false, the default is
16457 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16460 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16469 \begin_layout Subsection
16473 \begin_layout Standard
16474 The XHTML output for floats too can be controlled by layout information.
16475 The output has the following form:
16478 \begin_layout LyX-Code
16480 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16484 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16490 \begin_layout LyX-Code
16491 Contents of the float.
16494 \begin_layout LyX-Code
16498 \begin_layout Standard
16499 The caption, if there is one, is a separate inset and will be output as
16501 Its appearance can be controlled via the InsetLayout for caption insets.
16505 \begin_layout Description
16506 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16509 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16516 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16519 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16525 ] Specifies attribute information to be output with the main tag.
16527 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16531 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16534 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16535 class=`myfloat' onclick=`\SpecialChar \ldots{}
16542 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16546 By default, LyX will output
16547 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16551 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16554 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16555 class=`float float-floattype'
16561 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16565 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16568 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16574 is LyX's name for this type of float, as determined by the float delcaration
16576 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
16578 reference "sub:Floats"
16582 ), though made lowercase and with non-alphanumeric characters converted
16583 to underscores, for example: float-table.
16586 \begin_layout Description
16587 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16590 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16596 CSS style information to be included when this float is used.
16597 Note that this will automatically be wrapped in a layout-generated
16598 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16601 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16607 block, so only the CSS itself need be included.
16610 \begin_layout Description
16611 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16614 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16621 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16624 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16630 ] The tag to be used for this float, replacing
16631 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16635 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16638 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16645 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16648 in the example above.
16650 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16653 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16659 and will rarely need changing.
16662 \begin_layout Subsection
16666 \begin_layout Standard
16667 We have several times mentioned that LyX will generate default CSS style
16668 rules for both insets and paragraph styles, based upon the other layout
16669 information that is provided.
16670 In this section, we shall say a word about which layout information LyX
16674 \begin_layout Standard
16675 At present, LyX auto-generates CSS only for font information, making use
16677 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16680 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16687 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16690 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16697 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16700 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16707 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16710 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16717 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16720 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16728 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
16730 reference "sub:Font-description"
16734 .) The translation is mostly straightforward and obvious.
16736 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16740 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16743 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16750 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16754 \begin_inset Quotes eld
16758 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16761 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16762 font-family: sans-serif;
16768 \begin_inset Quotes erd
16772 The correspondence of LyX sizes and CSS sizes is a little less obvious
16773 but nonetheless intuitive.
16775 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16778 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16785 \begin_inset Flex URL
16788 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16799 \begin_layout Chapter
16800 Including External Material
16803 \begin_layout Standard
16804 \begin_inset Box Shadowbox
16813 height_special "totalheight"
16816 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16817 WARNING: This portion of the documentation has not been updated for some
16819 We certainly hope that it is still accurate, but there are no guarantees.
16827 \begin_layout Standard
16828 The use of material from sources external to LyX is covered in detail in
16834 This part of the manual covers what needs to happen behind the scenes for
16835 new sorts of material to be included.
16838 \begin_layout Section
16842 \begin_layout Standard
16843 The external material feature is based on the concept of a
16848 A template is a specification of how LyX should interface with a certain
16850 As bundled, LyX comes with predefined templates for Xfig figures, various
16851 raster format images, chess diagrams, and LilyPond music notation.
16852 You can check the actual list by using the menu
16853 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
16856 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16857 Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator
16858 File\SpecialChar \menuseparator
16865 Furthermore, it is possible to roll your own template to support a specific
16867 Later we'll describe in more detail what is involved, and hopefully you
16868 will submit all the templates you create so we can include them in a later
16872 \begin_layout Standard
16873 Another basic idea of the external material feature is to distinguish between
16874 the original file that serves as a base for final material and the produced
16875 file that is included in your exported or printed document.
16876 For example, consider the case of a figure produced with
16877 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16880 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16887 The Xfig application itself works on an original file with the
16888 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16891 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16898 Within Xfig, you create and change your figure, and when you are done,
16900 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16903 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16910 When you want to include the figure in your document, you invoke
16911 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16914 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16920 in order to create a PostScript file that can readily be included in your
16923 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16926 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16932 file is the original file, and the PostScript file is the produced file.
16935 \begin_layout Standard
16936 This distinction is important in order to allow updating of the material
16937 while you are in the process of writing the document.
16938 Furthermore, it provides us with the flexibility that is needed to support
16939 multiple export formats.
16940 For instance, in the case of a plain text file, it is not exactly an award-winn
16941 ing idea to include the figure as raw PostScript.
16942 Instead, you'd either prefer to just include a reference to the figure
16943 or try to invoke some graphics to ASCII converter to make the final result
16944 look similar to the real graphics.
16945 The external material management allows you to do this, because it is parametri
16946 zed on the different export formats that LyX supports.
16949 \begin_layout Standard
16950 Besides supporting the production of different products according to the
16951 exported format, it supports tight integration with editing and viewing
16953 In the case of an Xfig figure, you are able to invoke Xfig on the original
16954 file with a single click from within the external material dialog in LyX,
16955 and also preview the produced PostScript file with Ghostview with another
16957 No more fiddling around with the command line and/or file browsers to locate
16958 and manipulate the original or produced files.
16959 In this way, you are finally able to take full advantage of the many different
16960 applications that are relevant to use when you write your documents, and
16961 ultimately be more productive.
16964 \begin_layout Section
16965 The external template configuration file
16968 \begin_layout Standard
16969 It is relatively easy to add custom external template definitions to LyX.
16970 However, be aware that doing this in an careless manner most probably
16974 introduce an easily exploitable security hole.
16975 So before you do this, please read the discussion about security in section
16977 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
16979 reference "sec:Security-discussion"
16986 \begin_layout Standard
16987 Having said that, we encourage you to submit any interesting templates that
16992 \begin_layout Standard
16993 The external templates are defined in the
16994 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
16997 \begin_layout Plain Layout
16998 LyXDir/lib/external_templates
17004 You can place your own version in
17005 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17008 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17009 UserDir/external_templates
17017 \begin_layout Standard
17018 A typical template looks like this:
17021 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17025 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17026 GuiName "XFig: $$AbsOrRelPathParent$$Basename"
17029 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17033 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17037 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17041 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17045 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17049 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17050 AutomaticProduction true
17053 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17057 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17061 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17065 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17066 TransformCommand Rotate RotationLatexCommand
17069 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17070 TransformCommand Resize ResizeLatexCommand
17073 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17074 Product "$$RotateFront$$ResizeFront
17077 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17082 input{$$AbsOrRelPathMaster$$Basename.pstex_t}
17085 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17086 $$ResizeBack$$RotateBack"
17089 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17093 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17094 UpdateResult "$$AbsPath$$Basename.pstex_t"
17097 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17098 Requirement "graphicx"
17101 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17102 ReferencedFile latex "$$AbsOrRelPathMaster$$Basename.pstex_t"
17105 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17106 ReferencedFile latex "$$AbsPath$$Basename.eps"
17109 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17110 ReferencedFile dvi "$$AbsPath$$Basename.eps"
17113 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17117 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17121 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17122 TransformCommand Rotate RotationLatexCommand
17125 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17126 TransformCommand Resize ResizeLatexCommand
17129 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17130 Product "$$RotateFront$$ResizeFront
17133 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17138 input{$$AbsOrRelPathMaster$$Basename.pdftex_t}
17141 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17142 $$ResizeBack$$RotateBack"
17145 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17146 UpdateFormat pdftex
17149 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17150 UpdateResult "$$AbsPath$$Basename.pdftex_t"
17153 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17154 Requirement "graphicx"
17157 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17158 ReferencedFile latex "$$AbsOrRelPathMaster$$Basename.pdftex_t"
17161 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17162 ReferencedFile latex "$$AbsPath$$Basename.pdf"
17165 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17169 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17173 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17174 Product "$$Contents(
17176 "$$AbsPath$$Basename.asc
17181 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17182 UpdateFormat asciixfig
17185 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17186 UpdateResult "$$AbsPath$$Basename.asc"
17189 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17193 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17197 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17198 Product "<graphic fileref=
17200 "$$AbsOrRelPathMaster$$Basename.eps
17205 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17209 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17213 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17214 UpdateResult "$$AbsPath$$Basename.eps"
17217 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17218 ReferencedFile docbook "$$AbsPath$$Basename.eps"
17221 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17222 ReferencedFile docbook-xml "$$AbsPath$$Basename.eps"
17225 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17229 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17230 Product "[XFig: $$FName]"
17233 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17237 \begin_layout LyX-Code
17241 \begin_layout Standard
17242 As you can see, the template is enclosed in
17243 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17246 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17252 \SpecialChar \ldots{}
17254 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17257 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17264 It contains a header specifying some general settings and, for each supported
17265 primary document file format, a section
17266 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17269 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17275 \SpecialChar \ldots{}
17277 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17280 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17289 \begin_layout Subsection
17290 The template header
17293 \begin_layout Description
17294 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17297 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17298 AutomaticProduction
17299 \begin_inset space ~
17307 Whether the file represented by the template must be generated by LyX.
17308 This command must occur exactly once.
17311 \begin_layout Description
17312 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17315 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17317 \begin_inset space ~
17325 A glob pattern that is used in the file dialog to filter out the desired
17327 If there is more than one possible file extension (e.
17328 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
17332 \begin_inset space \space{}
17336 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17339 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17346 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17349 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17355 ), use something like
17356 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17359 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17366 This command must occur exactly once.
17369 \begin_layout Description
17370 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17373 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17375 \begin_inset space ~
17383 The text that is displayed on the button.
17384 This command must occur exactly once.
17387 \begin_layout Description
17388 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17391 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17393 \begin_inset space ~
17397 \begin_inset space ~
17405 The help text that is used in the External dialog.
17406 Provide enough information to explain to the user just what the template
17407 can provide him with.
17408 This command must occur exactly once.
17411 \begin_layout Description
17412 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17415 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17417 \begin_inset space ~
17425 The file format of the original file.
17426 This must be the name of a format that is known to LyX (see section
17427 \begin_inset CommandInset ref
17429 reference "sec:Formats"
17435 \begin_inset Quotes eld
17439 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17442 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17449 \begin_inset Quotes erd
17452 if the template can handle original files of more than one format.
17453 LyX will attempt to interrogate the file itself in order to deduce its
17454 format in this case.
17455 This command must occur exactly once.
17458 \begin_layout Description
17459 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17462 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17464 \begin_inset space ~
17472 A unique name for the template.
17473 It must not contain substitution macros (see below).
17476 \begin_layout Description
17477 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17480 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17482 \begin_inset space ~
17485 Rotate|Resize|Clip|Extra
17490 This command specifies which transformations are supported by this template.
17491 It may occur zero or more times.
17492 This command enables the corresponding tabs in the external dialog.
17494 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17497 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17503 command must have either a corresponding
17504 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17507 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17514 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17517 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17524 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17527 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17534 Otherwise the transformation will not be supported by that format.
17537 \begin_layout Subsection
17541 \begin_layout Description
17542 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17545 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17547 \begin_inset space ~
17550 LaTeX|PDFLaTeX|PlainText|DocBook
17555 The primary document file format that this format definition is for.
17556 Not every template has a sensible representation in all document file formats.
17557 Please define nevertheless a
17558 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17561 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17567 section for all formats.
17568 Use a dummy text when no representation is available.
17569 Then you can at least see a reference to the external material in the exported
17573 \begin_layout Description
17574 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17577 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17579 \begin_inset space ~
17583 \begin_inset space ~
17591 This command defines an additional macro
17592 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17595 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17601 for substitution in
17602 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17605 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17613 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17616 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17622 itself may contain substitution macros.
17623 The advantage over using
17624 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17627 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17634 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17637 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17643 is that the substituted value of
17644 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17647 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17653 is sanitized so that it is a valid optional argument in the document format.
17654 This command may occur zero or more times.
17657 \begin_layout Description
17658 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17661 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17663 \begin_inset space ~
17671 The text that is inserted in the exported document.
17672 This is actually the most important command and can be quite complex.
17673 This command must occur exactly once.
17676 \begin_layout Description
17677 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17680 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17682 \begin_inset space ~
17690 This command specifies a preamble snippet that will be included in the
17692 It has to be defined using
17693 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17696 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17702 \SpecialChar \ldots{}
17704 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17707 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17714 This command may occur zero or more times.
17717 \begin_layout Description
17718 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17721 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17723 \begin_inset space ~
17727 \begin_inset space ~
17735 This command denotes files that are created by the conversion process and
17736 are needed for a particular export format.
17737 If the filename is relative, it is interpreted relative to the master document.
17738 This command may be given zero or more times.
17741 \begin_layout Description
17742 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17745 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17747 \begin_inset space ~
17755 The name of a required LaTeX package.
17756 The package is included via
17757 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17760 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17768 in the LaTeX preamble.
17769 This command may occur zero or more times.
17772 \begin_layout Description
17773 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17776 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17778 \begin_inset space ~
17782 \begin_inset space ~
17785 RotationLatexCommand
17790 This command specifies that the built in LaTeX command should be used for
17792 This command may occur once or not at all.
17795 \begin_layout Description
17796 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17799 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17801 \begin_inset space ~
17805 \begin_inset space ~
17813 This command specifies that the built in LaTeX command should be used for
17815 This command may occur once or not at all.
17818 \begin_layout Description
17819 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17822 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17824 \begin_inset space ~
17828 \begin_inset space ~
17831 RotationLatexOption
17836 This command specifies that rotation is done via an optional argument.
17837 This command may occur once or not at all.
17840 \begin_layout Description
17841 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17844 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17846 \begin_inset space ~
17850 \begin_inset space ~
17858 This command specifies that resizing is done via an optional argument.
17859 This command may occur once or not at all.
17862 \begin_layout Description
17863 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17866 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17868 \begin_inset space ~
17872 \begin_inset space ~
17880 This command specifies that clipping is done via an optional argument.
17881 This command may occur once or not at all.
17884 \begin_layout Description
17885 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17888 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17890 \begin_inset space ~
17894 \begin_inset space ~
17902 This command specifies that an extra optional argument is used.
17903 This command may occur once or not at all.
17906 \begin_layout Description
17907 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17910 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17912 \begin_inset space ~
17920 The file format of the converted file.
17921 This must be the name of a format that is known to LyX (see the
17922 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:MenuItem
17925 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17930 ools\SpecialChar \menuseparator
17935 references:Conversion
17941 This command must occur exactly once.
17944 \begin_layout Description
17945 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17948 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17950 \begin_inset space ~
17958 The file name of the converted file.
17959 The file name must be absolute.
17960 This command must occur exactly once.
17963 \begin_layout Subsection
17964 Preamble definitions
17967 \begin_layout Standard
17968 The external template configuration file may contain additional preamble
17969 definitions enclosed by
17970 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17973 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17979 \SpecialChar \ldots{}
17981 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17984 \begin_layout Plain Layout
17991 They can be used by the templates in the
17992 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
17995 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18004 \begin_layout Section
18005 The substitution mechanism
18008 \begin_layout Standard
18009 When the external material facility invokes an external program, it is done
18010 on the basis of a command defined in the template configuration file.
18011 These commands can contain various macros that are expanded before execution.
18012 Execution always take place in the directory of the containing document.
18015 \begin_layout Standard
18016 Also, whenever external material is to be displayed, the name will be produced
18017 by the substitution mechanism, and most other commands in the template
18018 definition support substitution as well.
18021 \begin_layout Standard
18022 The available macros are the following:
18025 \begin_layout Description
18026 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18029 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18030 $$AbsOrRelPathMaster
18035 The file path, absolute or relative to the master LyX document.
18038 \begin_layout Description
18039 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18042 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18043 $$AbsOrRelPathParent
18048 The file path, absolute or relative to the LyX document.
18051 \begin_layout Description
18052 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18055 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18061 The absolute file path.
18064 \begin_layout Description
18065 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18068 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18074 The filename without path and without the extension.
18077 \begin_layout Description
18078 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18081 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18083 \begin_inset Quotes eld
18087 \begin_inset Quotes erd
18095 This macro will expand to the contents of the file with the name
18096 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18099 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18108 \begin_layout Description
18109 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18112 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18118 The file extension (including the dot).
18121 \begin_layout Description
18122 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18125 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18131 The filename of the file specified in the external material dialog.
18132 This is either an absolute name, or it is relative to the LyX document.
18135 \begin_layout Description
18136 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18139 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18146 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18149 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18155 (absolute name or relative to the LyX document).
18158 \begin_layout Description
18159 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18162 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18168 The file path, relative to the master LyX document.
18171 \begin_layout Description
18172 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18175 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18181 The file path, relative to the LyX document.
18184 \begin_layout Description
18185 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18188 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18194 This macro will expand to the absolute path of the system directory.
18195 This is typically used to point to the various helper scripts that are
18199 \begin_layout Description
18200 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18203 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18209 A name and full path to a temporary file which will be automatically deleted
18210 whenever the containing document is closed, or the external material insertion
18214 \begin_layout Standard
18215 All path macros contain a trailing directory separator, so you can construct
18217 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
18221 \begin_inset space \space{}
18224 the absolute filename with
18225 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18228 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18229 $$AbsPath$$Basename$$Extension
18237 \begin_layout Standard
18238 The macros above are substituted in all commands unless otherwise noted.
18240 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18243 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18249 supports additionally the following substitutions if they are enabled by
18251 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18254 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18261 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18264 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18273 \begin_layout Description
18274 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18277 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18283 The front part of the resize command.
18286 \begin_layout Description
18287 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18290 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18296 The back part of the resize command.
18299 \begin_layout Description
18300 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18303 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18309 The front part of the rotation command.
18312 \begin_layout Description
18313 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18316 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18322 The back part of the rotation command.
18325 \begin_layout Standard
18326 The value string of the
18327 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18330 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18336 command supports additionally the following substitutions if they are enabled
18338 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18341 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18348 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18351 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18360 \begin_layout Description
18361 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18364 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18373 \begin_layout Description
18374 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18377 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18386 \begin_layout Description
18387 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18390 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18399 \begin_layout Description
18400 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18403 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18409 The rotation option.
18412 \begin_layout Standard
18413 You may ask why there are so many path macros.
18414 There are mainly two reasons:
18417 \begin_layout Enumerate
18418 Relative and absolute file names should remain relative or absolute, respectivel
18420 Users may have reasons to prefer either form.
18421 Relative names are useful for portable documents that should work on different
18422 machines, for example.
18423 Absolute names may be required by some programs.
18426 \begin_layout Enumerate
18427 LaTeX treats relative file names differently than LyX and other programs
18428 in nested included files.
18429 For LyX, a relative file name is always relative to the document that contains
18431 For LaTeX, it is always relative to the master document.
18432 These two definitions are identical if you have only one document, but
18433 differ if you have a master document that includes part documents.
18434 That means that relative filenames must be transformed when presented to
18436 Fortunately LyX does this automatically for you if you choose the right
18440 \begin_layout Standard
18441 So which path macro should be used in new template definitions? The rule
18445 \begin_layout Itemize
18447 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18450 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18456 if an absolute path is required.
18459 \begin_layout Itemize
18461 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18464 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18465 $$AbsOrRelPathMaster
18470 if the substituted string is some kind of LaTeX input.
18473 \begin_layout Itemize
18475 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18478 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18479 $$AbsOrRelPathParent
18484 in order to preserve the user's choice.
18487 \begin_layout Standard
18488 There are special cases where this rule does not work and e.
18489 \begin_inset space \thinspace{}
18493 \begin_inset space \space{}
18496 relative names are needed, but normally it will work just fine.
18497 One example for such a case is the command
18498 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18501 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18502 ReferencedFile latex "$$AbsOrRelPathMaster$$Basename.pstex_t"
18507 in the XFig template above: We can't use the absolute name because the
18509 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18512 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18518 files needs the relative name in order to rewrite the file content.
18521 \begin_layout Section
18522 Security discussion
18523 \begin_inset CommandInset label
18525 name "sec:Security-discussion"
18532 \begin_layout Standard
18533 The external material feature interfaces with a lot of external programs
18534 and does so automatically, so we have to consider the security implications
18536 In particular, since you have the option of including your own filenames
18537 and/or parameter strings and those are expanded into a command, it seems
18538 that it would be possible to create a malicious document which executes
18539 arbitrary commands when a user views or prints the document.
18540 This is something we definitely want to avoid.
18543 \begin_layout Standard
18544 However, since the external program commands are specified in the template
18545 configuration file only, there are no security issues if LyX is properly
18546 configured with safe templates only.
18547 This is so because the external programs are invoked with the
18548 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18551 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18557 -system call rather than the
18558 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18561 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18567 system-call, so it's not possible to execute arbitrary commands from the
18568 filename or parameter section via the shell.
18571 \begin_layout Standard
18572 This also implies that you are restricted in what command strings you can
18573 use in the external material templates.
18574 In particular, pipes and redirection are not readily available.
18575 This has to be so if LyX should remain safe.
18576 If you want to use some of the shell features, you should write a safe
18577 script to do this in a controlled manner, and then invoke the script from
18578 the command string.
18582 \begin_layout Standard
18583 It is possible to design a template that interacts directly with the shell,
18584 but since this would allow a malicious user to execute arbitrary commands
18585 by writing clever filenames and/or parameters, we generally recommend that
18586 you only use safe scripts that work with the
18587 \begin_inset Flex CharStyle:Code
18590 \begin_layout Plain Layout
18596 system call in a controlled manner.
18597 Of course, for use in a controlled environment, it can be tempting to just
18598 fall back to use ordinary shell scripts.
18599 If you do so, be aware that you
18603 provide an easily exploitable security hole in your system.
18604 Of course it stands to reason that such unsafe templates will never be
18605 included in the standard LyX distribution, although we do encourage people
18606 to submit new templates in the open source tradition.
18607 But LyX as shipped from the official distribution channels will never have
18611 \begin_layout Standard
18612 Including external material provides a lot of power, and you have to be
18613 careful not to introduce security hazards with this power.
18614 A subtle error in a single line in an innocent looking script can open
18615 the door to huge security problems.
18616 So if you do not fully understand the issues, we recommend that you consult
18617 a knowledgeable security professional or the LyX development team if you
18618 have any questions about whether a given template is safe or not.
18619 And do this before you use it in an uncontrolled environment.