4 If you have checked this out from CVS, you need to have
5 automake, autoconf, and gettext installed. Then,
6 type "./autogen.sh" to build the needed configuration
7 files and proceed as stated below.
9 Compiling and installing LyX
10 ============================
12 Quick compilation guide
13 -----------------------
15 These four steps will compile, test and install LyX:
18 configures LyX to your system.
24 runs the program so you can check it out.
33 You will need to have both an Xforms library and Xpm library to compile
34 LyX. It is imperative that you have the correct versions of these
35 libraries, and their associated header files.
37 As of LyX version 1.1.1, you will need to have Xforms library and header
38 version 0.81, 0.86, or 0.88. Version 0.88 is a stable release and the
39 recommended version. On some systems, such as linux ELF, there are shared
40 library versions of the Xforms library, which require an installation step
41 to configure the system.
43 Xforms is available (free) only in binary format, source code is not
44 available. If it is not available for your machine, contact the Xforms
45 developers to request a version for your system. You can get it from
47 http://bragg.phys.uwm.edu/xforms
48 ftp://bragg.phys.uwm.edu/pub/xforms/
49 ftp://ftp.lyx.org/pub/xforms/
50 ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/unix/X11/gui/xforms
51 ftp://ftp.cs.ruu.nl/pub/XFORMS/
53 In addition, you must have libXpm version 4.7 (or newer; 4.8 rumoured
56 libXpm can be found at:
57 http://www.funet.fi/pub/Linux/sunsite/X11/libs/!INDEX.html
58 (or similar locations at other sunsites like sunsite.unc.edu)
60 You will also need a recent C++ compiler, where recent means that the
61 compilers knows a bit about the C++ standard. Compilers that are known
62 to compile LyX are gcc 2.8.1 and 2.95.x, the various versions of egcs
63 and Digital C++ version 6.1. Please tell us your experience with other
66 If you make modifications to files in src/ (for example by applying a
67 patch), you will need to have the GNU gettext package installed, due to
68 some dependencies in the makefiles. You can find the latest (alpha)
71 ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/gettext-0.10.xx.tar.gz.
73 LyX contains a hack to work around this, but you should not rely too
77 Finally, the two following programs should be available at
80 o Perl (at least 5.002) is needed for the reLyX script. reLyX will
81 not be installed if perl is not found. If the environment
82 variable PERL is set to point to some program, this value will be
83 used, even if the program does no exist (this can be useful if
84 the machine on which LyX is built is not the one where it will
87 o LaTeX2e should be correctly setup for the user you are logged
88 as. Otherwise, LyX will not be able to run a number of tests. Note
89 that users can run these tests manually with Option->Configure.
95 LyX can be configured using GNU autoconf utility which attempts to guess
96 the configuration needed to suit your system. The standard way to use it
97 is described in the file INSTALL.autoconf. In most cases you will be able
98 to create the Makefile by typing
102 For more complicated cases, LyX configure takes the following specific
105 o --with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY that specifies the path where LyX will find
106 extra libraries (Xpm, xforms) it needs. Defaults to NONE (i.e. search
107 in standard places). You can specify several directories, separated
110 o --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY that gives the place where LyX will find
111 xforms headers. Defaults to NONE (i.e. search in standard places).
112 You can specify several directories, separated by colons.
114 o --with-extra-prefix[=DIRECTORY] that is equivalent to
115 --with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY/lib --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY/include
116 If DIRECTORY is not specified, the current prefix is used.
118 o --with-two-colors=[yes|no] that forces LyX to use two colors pixmaps
119 (bitmaps) instead of the full-colored standard ones. Defaults to no.
122 There are also flags to control the internationalization support in
125 o --disable-nls suppresses all internationalization support,
126 yielding a somewhat smaller code.
128 o --with-included-gettext forces the use of the included GNU gettext
129 library, although you might have another one installed.
131 o --with-catgets allows to use the catget() functions which can
132 exist on your system. This can cause problems, though. Use with
135 o You can also set the environment variable LINGUAS to a list of
136 language in case ou do not want to install all the translation
137 files. For example, if you are only interested in German and
138 Finnish, you can type (with sh or bash)
139 export LINGUAS='de fi'
140 before running configure.
142 Moreover, the following generic configure flags may be useful:
144 o --prefix=DIRECTORY specifies the root directory to use for
145 installation. [defaults to where lyx has already been installed or
148 o --program-suffix=STRING sets the name of the installed LyX binary and
149 of the LyX library directory to lyxSTRING. This may be used to
150 compile lyx as lyx-1.0.0 and avoid clashes with earlier/later versions.
152 o --datadir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where all extra LyX
153 files (lyxrc example, documentation, templates and layouts
154 definitions) will be installed.
155 [defaults to ${prefix}/share/lyx${program_suffix}]
157 o --bindir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the lyx binary
158 will be installed. [defaults to ${prefix}/bin]
160 o --mandir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the man pages will go.
161 [defaults to ${prefix}/man]
163 Note that the --with-extra-* commands are not really robust when it
164 comes to use of relative paths. If you really want to use a relative path
165 here, you can prepend it with "`pwd`/".
167 If you do not like the default compile flags used (-g -O2 on gcc), you can
168 set CXXFLAGS variable to other values as follows:
170 o CXXFLAGS='-O2' (sh, bash)
171 o setenv CXXFLAGS '-O2' (csh, tcsh)
173 Similarly, if you want to force the use of some specific compiler, you can
174 give a value to the CXX variable.
176 If you encounter problems, please read the section 'Problems' at the end of
179 In particular, the following options could be useful in some
182 o --with-debug that specifies whether you want to have debug information
183 by default on standard error. Default is no.
185 o --with-warnings that make the compiler output more warnings during
186 the compilation of LyX. Opposite is --without-warnings. By default,
187 this flag is on for development versions only.
189 o --with-broken-headers that provides prototypes to replace functions
190 not correctly defined in SunOS4 and SCO header files. Its only effect is
191 to suppress a few warnings. It is autodetected by default.
193 o --without-latex-config that disables the automatic detection of your
194 latex. This detection is automatically disabled if latex cannot be found.
195 If you find that you have to use this flag, please report it as a bug.
197 o --with-broken-const attempts to fix a bug in gcc 2.7.[012] (see the
200 o ---with-gcc-hack which provide a wrapper around gcc that tries to
201 compile without optimization after a compilation failed (see the
204 o --without-liberty suppresses the detection of the -liberty library
205 (see the section 'Problems').
208 Compiling and installing LyX
209 ----------------------------
211 Once you've got the Makefile created, you just have to type:
218 BTW: in the images subdirectory there is also a small icon "lyx.xpm",
219 that can be used to display lyx-documents in filemanagers.
221 If configure fails for some strange reason
222 ------------------------------------------
224 Even when configure fails, it creates a Makefile. You always can check
225 the contents of this file, modify it and run 'make'.
227 Compiling For Multiple Architectures
228 ------------------------------------
230 You can compile LyX for more than one kind of computer at the same
231 time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their own
232 directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that supports
233 the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the directory where
234 you want the object files and executables to go and run the
235 `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the source
236 code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
238 If you have to use a `make' that does not supports the `VPATH'
239 variable, you have to compile LyX for one architecture at a time in
240 the source code directory. After you have installed LyX for one
241 architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another
247 A LyX binary for linux is about 1M when compiled without debug-information
248 and with dynamic libraries. If yours is much bigger you probably compiled
249 it with debug-informations (-g). If you don't want to debug LyX just enter
253 before installing. Note that this is done automatically for public
260 This section provides several hints that have been submitted by LyX
261 team member or users to help compiling on some particular
262 architectures. If you find that some of this hints are wrong, please
265 o If you have problems indicating that configure cannot find a part of
266 the xforms or Xpm library, use the --with-extra-lib and --with-extra-inc
267 options of configure to specify where these libraries reside.
269 o Configure will seemingly fail to find xpm.h and forms.h on linux if
270 you did a 'make mrproper' in the kernel directory, because this
271 removes some symbolic links that are needed for compilation. A 'make
272 symlinks' in linux kernel sources fixes that.
274 o If you have GNU gettext installed on your system (e.g. on linux),
275 you will get tons of warnings like:
277 bullet_forms.C:101: warning: passing `char *' to argument 1 of
278 `__builtin_constant_p(int)' lacks a cast
280 These are in harmless warnings caused by a bug in libintl.h, but
281 will be solved if you use --with-included-gettext when configuring
284 o It is possible to compile lyx with Digital Unix cxx compiler
285 version 6.1 (and presumably compaq C++ 6.2 on both Tru64 unix and
286 linux/alpha, when this will be available), provided one uses
288 CXXFLAGS='-ptr /tmp/lyx_cxx_repository -std strict_ansi -g -O'
290 Note that this will not work when compiling directly from the cvs
291 repository, due to the tricks used by automake for dependencies. Ask
292 Jean-Marc.Lasgouttes@inria.fr for a workaround.
294 o On Digital Unix with cxx, you may have a compilation error in
295 lyx_main.C if you have GNU gettext installed. This is due to a bug
296 in gettext. To solve this, you can either (1) configure with
297 --with-included-gettext or (2) add -D__STDC__ to cxx flags.
299 o The configure script seems to hang while it is checking the LaTeX setup.
300 We think that this is not a real problem, but rather a symptom of the
301 fact that the ec-fonts are being rendered. This process can take quite
302 some time, so the remedy is simply to have patience. (The fonts need to
303 be rendered at some point to be usable anyways.)
305 o According to John Collins <collins@phys.psu.edu>, on SunOS 4.1.3 you may
306 find two sets of X libraries, and they are of course incompatible :-)
307 One is the set provided as part of OpenWindows, and one is the standard
308 X distribution (e.g., X11R5). If you encounter problems (or if, for
309 some obscure reasons configure cannot find your X libraries) you can
310 use the following options:
312 o --x-libraries=DIRECTORY that indicates where the X libraries reside.
314 o --x-includes=DIRECTORY that indicate where the X include files reside.
316 The standard X11R5 libraries should work when the OpenWindows ones
319 o Some systems lack functions that LyX needs. To fix this, configure
320 tries to link against the -liberty library, if it is available.
321 If you experience problems with missing symbols at link time, you
322 could try to install libiberty.a, which comes with several GNU
323 packages (in particular libg++). In any case, please report your
324 problems to lyx-devel@lists.lyx.org.
326 The option --without-liberty disable the detection of -liberty. It
327 is meant for debugging purpose only.
329 o There are several known bugs in gcc 2.7.xx that cause compiler
330 errors. This is in particular the case in spellchecker.C under
331 HP-UX 9.05 (ask Bernhard Iselborn <biselbor@rhrk.uni-kl.de> for
332 more comments) and in lyxrc.C under Linux/Alpha or DEC OSF/1. In
333 both cases, the solution is to recompile the offending file
334 without optimization and resume the compilation process with
335 'make'. To make things simpler, you can use the option
336 --with-gcc-hack of configure that will do that for you
339 o According to David Sundqvist <David_Sundqvist@vd.volvo.se>, some
340 changes are needed to compile with aCC on HP-UX 10.20. These are the
341 relevant changes in the makefile (with comments tagged on):
343 CXX = /opt/aCC/bin/aCC
344 CXXFLAGS = -O +inst_none # The aCC compiler tries to run instantiations
345 # which currently break.
347 LIBS = -lforms -lXpm -lSM -lICE -lc -lm -lX11 -lCsup # must link with Csup
348 LDFLAGS = -L/opt/aCC/lib # perhaps not needed.
350 o There is a bug in gcc 2.7.[012] in the handling of const which can
351 cause various unpredictable problems. If you experience weird
352 crashes with a LyX compiled by gcc 2.7.[012], try to configure
353 with the --with-broken-const flag and recompile. If this improves
354 things, please report it to the mailing list. Note that this
355 compiler bug is fixed in gcc 2.7.2.1 and in several Linux
356 distributions of gcc 2.7.[012].
358 This bug is currently not autodetected, but any code to do so
359 would be welcome. A patch for gcc 2.7.2 is as follows:
361 *** clean-ss-951203/expr.c Sun Nov 26 08:18:07 1995
362 --- ss-951203/expr.c Mon Dec 4 11:41:18 1995
363 *************** expand_expr (exp, target, tmode, modifie
365 through a pointer to const does not mean that the value there can
366 never change. Languages where it can never change should
367 also set TREE_STATIC. */
368 ! RTX_UNCHANGING_P (temp) = TREE_READONLY (exp) | TREE_STATIC (exp);
372 through a pointer to const does not mean that the value there can
373 never change. Languages where it can never change should
374 also set TREE_STATIC. */
375 ! RTX_UNCHANGING_P (temp) = TREE_READONLY (exp) & TREE_STATIC (exp);
380 o On Digital Unix with gcc, you can get warnings like
382 warning, LyXFamilyNames not found in original or external symbol tables, value defaults to 0
383 warning, LyXSeriesNames not found in original or external symbol tables, value de
385 These concern symbols beginning with an uppercase letter and seems
386 to be harmless. Similarly, the compilation can end with the
390 Warning: Linking some objects which contain exception information sections
391 and some which do not. This may cause fatal runtime exception handling
392 problems (last obj encountered without exceptions was ../intl/libintl.a).
395 You can safely ignore it.